JP2601153B2 - Mathematical formula - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a document processing apparatus for inputting / editing, copying, and outputting a text including a mathematical expression such as a function, the size of a function symbol area, the arrangement of arguments in a function, and the like. The present invention relates to a mathematical formula rewriting method that can make the size of a function area variable.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the development of office automation, a method of creating and correcting a document in a computer system and outputting the document to a printing device or an output device connected to the computer has been spreading. is there. The same applies to text containing mathematical formulas. However, the handling of mathematical formulas differs from ordinary text. In the treatment of mathematical functions in mathematical formula text, how to set the size of the new function symbol, or how to set the positional relationship between the function symbol and the argument and the positional relationship between the argument and the argument,
In addition, there arises a problem of how to set the size of the entire function. In addition, the above-mentioned problem has no decisive factor in such specifications, and various systems (printing devices, output devices, typewriters, typesetting machines, etc.) employ their own methods. Furthermore, these systems require a lot of time and trouble if the specifications are determined once and cannot be changed if they do not meet the user's preference, or if the design / maker wants to change the specifications themselves. It is not rare that Let's consider this with a more specific system as an example.

[0003] Methods of text processing systems that handle mathematical expressions can be classified into two types.

(1) Typewriter-based method (2) Typesetting method The typesetting method is described in Association for Computing.
ing Machinery, Inc.Communications of the ACM, Marc
h Brian W. Kernighan in 1975 Volume 18 Number 3
and "A" by Lorinda L. Cherry (Bell Laboratories)
System for Typesetting Mathematics ".

The problems of the above-mentioned method (1) are that the character size is fixed and that it is impossible to arbitrarily feed a line, and at most 1/2 of a normal line must be satisfied. That is not. For this reason, the method (1) is insufficient for mathematical processing in which it is necessary to arrange two-dimensional regions having different sizes freely at any position in the vertical and horizontal directions.

The above-mentioned method (2) provides a solution to the problem of the method (1). However, the specifications regarding the size of function symbols, the arrangement of arguments in a function, and the size of a function do not affect the processing of a program. At present, it is embedded inside, and when the specification is changed, the program itself needs to be modified. For this reason, the process of correcting the program and confirming the result is repeated, and the development efficiency is poor, and it is difficult to improve the quality after all.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a function for retaining the contents of a mathematical function allocation process in the form of a function information table, thereby further rewriting the contents. This makes it possible to easily change the assignment specifications of mathematical functions without changing the logic of the program, and to easily create functions with complex nested structures by specifying simple function inputs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple formula copy method.

[0008] Further, the present invention provides a mathematical formula rewriting method capable of checking the validity of an input specification even when the function specification is complicated by holding the maximum number of arguments in a function information table. It is in.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there are provided means for inputting text, storage means for storing text assignment instruction information in advance, text editing means for editing the text input from the input means, storage means for storing text edited by a text editor, the text taken from the storage means, assignment input from allocation instruction or input means attached to the text
Assignment instruction information stored in the storage means according to the instruction
In a document processing system having an allocating means for allocating based on a function, and an output means for outputting a copy-finished result obtained by the allocating means, a plurality of functions in which a unique function symbol and an argument are defined in advance as allocation instruction information of a mathematical expression , At least a function identification code and an argument character ratio for each of the arguments of the function are stored in advance in the storage unit, and the allocating unit refers to the function identification code and refers to the function among the plurality of functions to be allocated. And if the identified result is a nested structure in which the function has a second function, the second function input as an argument of the function and the second function input from the input means and its argument In addition to analyzing which argument of the function corresponds to the second argument, the second argument character input to the input means is changed to the second argument.
Is analyzed to determine which argument the function has, and the argument character ratio corresponding to the function is applied to the argument to determine the size of the area occupied by the argument, and the argument character ratio corresponding to the second function Is applied to determine the size of the area occupied by the second argument, and using the size of the argument area of the argument as a variable,
By applying a first relational expression that predefines the size of the function symbol, the size of the function symbol of the function and the second function is determined, and the size of the area occupied by the argument and the size of the function symbol of the function and Using the size of the area occupied by the second argument and the size of the function symbol of the second function as variables, applying a second relational expression that prescribes the arrangement of the function symbol and the argument, the function having a nested structure Is a formula editing method in a document processing system, wherein the arrangement of function symbols and arguments is determined.

In the present invention, attention has been paid to the fact that functions can be classified into several types according to their allocation method, and this is named as a function type, and allocation information of functions is stored for each function type. For example, in FIG. 1, the sum function (和), the product function (和), the union function (U), and the like all have a maximum number of arguments of “3”, and the first argument has a lower limit for the name of each argument. The value and the second argument are the upper limit, the third argument is the function text, and the character ratio of the argument in the function is “50 (%)”, “50 (%)”,
These functions are treated as the same type in that they are “100 (%)”, and the size of the function symbol and the arrangement of the function symbol and each argument are uniform.
I decided to name it.

Next, a function allocation method, that is, the arrangement of arguments in a function and the arrangement of function symbols and arguments can be represented by a certain linear expression, and the coefficients in the linear expression are defined for each function type. Focusing on the fact that various functions can be handled by changing, a linear expression is held for each function type, and coefficients in the linear expression are stored as function symbol area size determination parameters and function area size correction parameters.

Further, the function allocation method is not uniquely determined, and it is preferable that the information for each function type be constantly changed in order to find the best method. It is stored in the form of a table as shown in FIG. 1, and this is named a function information table.

As described above, it is possible to easily designate a function as an argument of the function, and to execute the assignment process sequentially, it becomes possible to assign and copy a complicated mathematical expression as a whole.

Further, according to the present invention, the function information table is held, and the function of rewriting the contents of the function information table is provided. Therefore, the function allocation specification can be easily performed with little labor and a small amount of tables without changing the logic of the program. Can be changed.

Furthermore, a new function having the specifications of an existing function type can be easily added only by adding a new function identification code to the function information table.

[0016]

According to the present invention, the size of the function symbol area is changed by rewriting the function symbol area determination parameter in the function information table, and the function symbol correction parameter is rewritten in the same manner, whereby the positional relationship between the function symbol and the argument is changed. This makes it easy to make changes and changes in the positional relationship between arguments without having to go through the program's own correction procedure.At the same time, based on such information, mathematical expressions of complex shapes with nested mathematical expressions Has the effect that it is possible to easily obtain an output result that meets the user's preferences. On the other hand, for the program designer / maker himself,
This has the effect of reducing the number of steps required to obtain the most suitable output specifications both functionally and aesthetically.

Further, since the function information table has information for each function type in which functions are classified according to the assignment method, there is an effect that a new function symbol of an existing function type can be easily added.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 shows the concept of a document creation procedure. In the figure, reference numeral 201 denotes a terminal device used by a user for inputting / outputting text, reference numeral 202 denotes a text file for storing created / edited text, reference numeral 203 denotes an output device for outputting a copy-finished result, reference numeral 204 A document processing system for creating / editing / copying text, reference numeral 205 is a terminal user input / output control unit, and reference numeral 206 is
Editing control unit, reference numeral 207 denotes a copy-writing output control unit, reference numeral 20
8 is an output device control unit.

When text is input from the terminal device 201, the terminal user input / output control unit 205 activates the text creation / edit control unit 206 and passes the input text. The text creation / edit control unit 206 adds an instruction for layout to the input text in accordance with an instruction of the user, or performs editing such as addition, correction, or deletion of the text, and then performs text / text editing.
It is stored in the file 202. The result of the text creation / edit is displayed on the terminal device 201. The user re-edits the text or clean-prints the text while checking the creation / edit result on the terminal device 201.

When the user gives an instruction for a fair copy from the terminal device 201, the terminal user input / output control unit 205 activates the fair print output control unit 207. The fair copy output control unit 207 includes:
The text is extracted from the text file 202, the text is allocated according to the layout instruction in the text and the layout instruction from the terminal device 201, and the copy is performed. The copy print output control unit 207 displays the copy print result on the terminal device 201 by activating the terminal user input / output control unit 205, or outputs the result to the output device 203 by activating the output device control unit 208.

FIG. 3 illustrates in more detail the mathematical expression text processing to which the mathematical expression correction system of the present invention is applied in the fair copy output control unit 207 of FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 301 denotes a function information table holding function allocation information, reference numeral 302 denotes a relational expression A used for determining the size of a function symbol area, reference numeral 303 denotes a relational expression B used for determining the size of a function area, and reference numeral 304 is an analysis process, and reference numeral 305 is
Argument area size determination processing, reference numeral 306 denotes a function symbol area size determination processing, reference numeral 307 denotes a function area size determination processing, and reference numeral 308 denotes an allocation processing. Reference numerals 309 to 314 illustrate processes from analysis of function text to assignment.

The function information table 301 has a function type 401 and a function identification code 40 as shown in FIG.
2, maximum number of arguments 403, argument name 404, argument character ratio 405, function symbol area size determination parameter 406,
And a function area size correction parameter 407, and the argument name 404 and the argument character ratio 405 are held by the number indicated by the maximum number 403 of arguments.

In the function text 309 extracted from the text file 202, “% SM <” is a sum (Σ).
, “;” Indicates a delimiter between arguments, and “>” indicates the end of a function. Function types are fractions, radicals,
There are integration, Σ function, product, union, intersection, and arbitrary functions with upper and lower limits, and the input form of each function and the corresponding output are as shown in FIG.

In the analysis process 304, the function text 309
The validity of the function type 401 in the function information table 301
After checking by referring to the function identification code 402 and the maximum number of arguments 403, the name of each argument is determined by referring to the argument name 404, and the analysis result 310 is output. In the analysis result 310, the function symbol is “Σ”, the first argument is “i = 0” at the lower limit, the second argument is “∞” at the upper limit, and the third argument is “X _i ” in the function text.

In the argument area size determination processing 305, the analysis result 310 is input and the argument area size 311 of each argument is obtained by referring to the argument character ratio 405 of the function information table 301.

In the function symbol area size determination processing 306,
The parameter area size 311 of each argument is input, and the function symbol area size determination parameter 406 of the function information table 301 is input.
Then, a function symbol area 312 is generated using the relational expression A302. Here, the relational expression A302 is a linear expression that determines the size of the function symbol area according to the size of the argument area.

In the function area size determination processing 307, the argument area size 311 and the function symbol area 312 of each argument are input, and the function area size correction parameter 407 of the function information table 301 and the relational expression B 303 are used to obtain each argument. A function area 313 is generated by determining a method of arranging the function symbols and the function symbols. Here, the relational expression B303 is a linear expression of the size of the argument region, the size of the function symbol region, and the function region size correction parameter, and thereby determines the size of the function region.

The allocation processing 308 arranges the function area 313 at a predetermined position.

FIG. 6 shows the flow of processing of a program as an embodiment in which the mathematical formula copy system of the present invention is applied to mathematical formula text processing. First, the notation of FIG. 6 is shown. The rectangles in the figure represent processing, rectangles with right vertical lines such as 601, 606, 610 and 611 represent the repetition conditions, and 62
The shape of 2,623 represents the selection condition. Reference numeral 62
The horizontal double line of 0,621 indicates that the processing on the left side of the line is defined by the processing on the right side. Generally, the processing is performed in the order of connecting the vertical lines from top to bottom. Repetition condition 6
In steps 01, 606, 610, and 611, the processing on the right side connected by a horizontal line is repeated while the conditions in parentheses are satisfied. The selection conditions 622 and 623 select and execute processing according to the conditions.

In this embodiment, an area 701 as shown in FIG. 7 is employed as a basic data structure for assigning mathematical expressions. The area is a rectangle with a base line and a base origin. Each area has its own horizontal character string output reference line in it, which is called the base line. The area origin is a point at the upper left corner of the area, and the coordinates of the area origin are called an area address. The size of the area is made up of three elements: area height, area width, and height above the area base. The size of the area is not determined in advance, but is determined by the steps of assigning mathematical expressions. In the formula assignment, a line area 708, a function area 706, an argument area 705, a text area 704, and the like are handled. When arranging the text area 704 and the function area 706 in the line area 708, arranging the argument area 705 in the function area 706, and arranging the text area 704 and the function area 706 in the argument area 705, The reference position is provided.

Based on the above notation and the concept of the area, the processing in FIG. 6 will be described using an example of the area in FIG.
Reference numeral 601 indicates that reference numeral 60 indicates that the text ends.
The processing is repeated in the order of 2, 603, 604, and 605. At 602, one line of text is input from the text file 202, and at 603, a line area 708 is generated.
After 708 arrangement of the row area is performed by reference numeral 604, output is performed by reference numeral 605. In the line area generation 603, the code 60
While the line is continued by 6, the text is analyzed by reference numeral 622. If the result is a normal text, the text area size is determined by reference numeral 607, and the function identification code 402 of the function information table 301 is referred to. If it is a function text, reference numeral 608 denotes a function area 706
Are generated, the size of the sub-row area 707 is determined at 618. When the line ends at 606, the line area size is determined at 619. In the row area size determination 619, a row area 708 is generated by adding a row pitch to the sub-row area 707 generated by the reference numeral 618, and its size is determined. In the sub line area size determination 618, the text area 704 and the function area 706 generated by reference numerals 607 and 618 are used.
, A sub-row area 707 is generated, and its size is determined.

In determining the text area size, a text area 704 is generated by adding a character pitch to each character area 702, and its size is determined.

In the function area generation 608, first,
After setting the order number i of the argument to “1” at 9,
According to 10, the first argument, the second argument,
The processing of ... is performed. When the processing is completed for all the arguments of the maximum number 403 of the arguments of the function information table 301 and the function is terminated at 610, the function symbol area size determination parameter 406 of the function information table 301 and the relational expression A30
2, the function symbol area size is determined by reference numeral 616, and the function area size is determined by reference numeral 617 by referring to the function region size correction parameter 407 and the relational expression B303. In the processing of the i-th argument, reference numeral 61 refers to the argument character ratio 405 of the function information table 301.
According to 1, while the i-th argument continues, the text is analyzed at reference numeral 623, and if the result is normal text, the text area size is determined at reference numeral 612.
If it is a function text, the function area is generated at 613, and the size of the i-th argument area is determined at 614. Here, function area generation 608
Calls itself, that is, the function area generation 613. Such a call is called a recursive call.
In multiple mathematical texts, functions may contain other functions. This is called function nesting. In this embodiment, multiple nesting of functions can be performed by the above-described recursive call of the function area generation 613. In the i-th argument area size determination 614, the i-th argument area 705 is generated based on the text area 704 and the function area generated by reference numerals 612 and 613, and the size is determined. When the i-th argument ends at 611, the order number i of the argument is incremented by "1" at 611 to prepare for the argument processing of the next order number. Here, when i exceeds the maximum number 403 of arguments, it is considered that the function has ended.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a Σ type function for the processing of the function code area size determination 616. For Σ types of functions, the size of the function symbol area 801, i.e., the area Vertical f _a, area Horizontal f _b, and the height f _c on the area-based, area of the third argument area 802
The size, that is, the area vertical length a ₃ , the height c ₃ on the area base, and the function symbol area size determination parameter 40 in FIG.
The values can be determined by the relational expressions shown in FIG. 9 using the values k ₁ , k ₂ ,... Note that H in the expression indicates the height of the font of the document text.

Regarding the processing of the function area size determination 617, FIG. 10 shows an example of a Σ type function. The size of the function area 1001, that is, the area length a,
The area width b and the height c on the area base are the sizes a ₁ and b ₁ of the first argument area 1002, the sizes a ₂ and b ₂ of the second argument area 1003, and the third argument area 10.
04 size a ₃ , b ₃ , c ₃ and function symbol area 100
5 size f _a, f _b, and f _c, further can be determined by relation of the values e _1, e _2, 11 expressed using ... and function area size correction parameter 407 of FIG.

FIG. 12 shows an output sample of this embodiment. According to this example, (1) a two-dimensional arrangement extending vertically and horizontally at the same time as a fraction or a radical (2) multiple nesting of two-dimensional arrangements in a plurality of mathematical expressions, that is, multiple nests of functions This makes it possible to perform processing unique to the assignment of mathematical formula text, such as the processing of, and realize mathematical formula copy.

The following effects can be obtained by holding the function information table and referring to it.

(1) The validity of the function text can be checked and analyzed based on information such as the function type, function identification code, maximum number of arguments, and argument names.

(2) The size of characters used for the upper limit value and the lower limit value in equation (2) can be changed by the argument character ratio.

(3) The size of the function symbol area can be determined according to the size of the argument area by the function symbol area size determination parameter.

(4) According to the function area size correction parameter, the arrangement of the argument area in the function area, the arrangement of the argument area and the function symbol area, and the size of the function area according to the size of the argument area and the size of the function symbol area Can be determined.

[0043]

According to the present invention, the size of the function symbol area is changed by rewriting the function symbol area determination parameter in the function information table, and the function symbol and argument positions are similarly rewritten by rewriting the function area correction parameter. It is possible to easily change the relationship and change the positional relationship between arguments without having to perform the program's own correction procedure, and at the same time, based on that information, a complicated shape with nested mathematical formulas Has the effect that it is possible to easily obtain an output result that meets the user's preference, while for the program designer / maker himself, it is necessary to obtain an output specification that is most functionally and aesthetically appropriate. This has the effect of reducing man-hours.

Further, since the function information table has information for each function type in which functions are classified according to the assignment method, there is an effect that a new function symbol of an existing function type can be easily added.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a specific example of a function information table.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a document creation procedure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing details of a copy-writing output control unit in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a function information table.

FIG. 5 is a correspondence diagram between an input format and an output for each function.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a program to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the concept and configuration of an area.

FIG. 8 is an example of determining a function symbol area size for a Σ function.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a relational expression for determining a function symbol area size regarding a Σ function.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of determining a function area size for a Σ function.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a relational expression for determining a function area size regarding a Σ function.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing output samples according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A text input means, a storage means for preliminarily storing text assignment instruction information, a text editing means for editing a text input from the input means, and a text editing means for editing the text inputted from the input means. storage means for storing text was, for text retrieved from said storage means, according to the allocation instruction inputted from allocation instruction or the input means attached to the text
In accordance with the assignment instruction information stored in the storage means.
In a document processing system having an assigning means for assigning an assignment and an output means for outputting a copy-finished result obtained by the assigning means, a plurality of functions in which unique function symbols and arguments are defined in advance as assignment instruction information of mathematical expressions At least a function identification code and an argument character ratio for each of the arguments of the function are stored in the storage means in advance, and the allocation means refers to the function identification code and refers to the function identification code. When the identified result is a nested structure in which the function has the second function, the second function and the second function input from the input means are arguments of the function. It analyzes which argument the second argument corresponds to which argument the function has, and when the second argument character input to the input means is Analyzing which argument the second function has, and applying the argument character ratio corresponding to the function to the argument to determine the size of the area occupied by the argument, The size of the area occupied by the second argument is determined by applying the argument character ratio corresponding to the above, and the size of the argument area of the above argument is used as a variable to define the size of the function symbol in advance. To determine the size of the function symbol of the function and the second function, the size of the area occupied by the argument, the size of the function symbol of the function, and the size of the area occupied by the second argument And using the magnitude of the function symbol of the second function as a variable and applying a second relational expression that prescribes the arrangement of the function symbol and the argument, the function symbol and the arrangement of the argument of the nested function are changed. A document processing system characterized by How to clean formula in stem. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the maximum number of arguments that each function can have is stored, and the number of arguments input by the input means is compared with the maximum number. A method for correcting mathematical formulas, comprising checking whether the input of a function is appropriate by checking whether the number of input arguments is equal to or smaller than the maximum number.