JP2581362B2 - Electrodes for alkaline storage batteries - Google Patents
Electrodes for alkaline storage batteriesInfo
- Publication number
- JP2581362B2 JP2581362B2 JP3308852A JP30885291A JP2581362B2 JP 2581362 B2 JP2581362 B2 JP 2581362B2 JP 3308852 A JP3308852 A JP 3308852A JP 30885291 A JP30885291 A JP 30885291A JP 2581362 B2 JP2581362 B2 JP 2581362B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- nickel
- active material
- alkaline storage
- per unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/32—Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、アルカリ蓄電池用電極
に関し、更に詳しくは、発泡金属を代表とする三次元基
体を電極基体とする、例えばニッケル−カドミウム電
池，ニッケル−水素電池の如きアルカリ蓄電池用の電極
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrode for an alkaline storage battery, and more particularly, to an alkaline storage battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery using a three-dimensional substrate represented by a foamed metal as an electrode substrate. Related to an electrode for use.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、アルカリ蓄電池に用いられている
ニッケル極には、多孔性のニッケル焼結板に、電解法や
化学含浸法などの方法を用いて、活物質となる水酸化ニ
ッケル等を充填したものが用いられている。また、最近
では三次元基体であるスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体を
電極基体とし、これに活物質である水酸化ニッケル粉末
を含むペースト状混合物を充填した、高容量のニッケル
極も提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a nickel electrode used in an alkaline storage battery has a porous nickel sintered plate coated with nickel hydroxide or the like as an active material by a method such as an electrolytic method or a chemical impregnation method. Filled ones are used. Recently, a high-capacity nickel electrode has also been proposed in which a sponge-like nickel metal porous body serving as a three-dimensional base is used as an electrode base and filled with a paste-like mixture containing nickel hydroxide powder as an active material.
【０００３】スポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体を用いる方
法は、従来の焼結式ニッケル極と比較して、工程が簡略
されるだけでなく、活物質である水酸化ニッケルを直接
多孔体中に充填するため、活物質の充填密度が上り、高
容量のニッケル極の製造が可能である。The method using a sponge-like porous nickel metal material not only simplifies the process as compared with a conventional sintered nickel electrode, but also directly fills the porous material with nickel hydroxide as an active material. Therefore, the packing density of the active material increases, and a high-capacity nickel electrode can be manufactured.
【０００４】しかしながら、このようなスポンジ状金属
ニッケル多孔体を用いるニッケル極は、高容量になる反
面、金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケル量のばらつき
や、集電効率の低下により、大電流での放電特性のばら
つきや、利用率の低下を生じたりする問題点があった。[0004] However, the nickel electrode using such a sponge-like porous nickel metal body has a large capacity, but has a large current due to a variation in the amount of metallic nickel in the porous nickel metal body and a reduction in current collection efficiency. There have been problems such as variations in characteristics and a reduction in utilization.
【０００５】これに対し、大電流での放電特性のばらつ
き低減のために、例えば特願昭59-256015 号では、電極
内のスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケル量を
0.6〜1.2 g/cm3 としていた。On the other hand, in order to reduce the variation in discharge characteristics at a large current, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 59-256015 discloses that the amount of metallic nickel in a sponge-like metallic nickel porous material in an electrode is reduced.
It was 0.6 to 1.2 g / cm 3 .
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うに電極内のスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッ
ケル量を0.6 〜1.2 g/cm3 とした場合でも、その電極中
の孔部に充填された活物質の充填密度が低いと、やはり
大電流での放電特性にばらつきが生じたり、利用率の低
下を引き起こす問題点がある。However, even when the amount of metallic nickel of the sponge-like metallic nickel porous material in the electrode is set to 0.6 to 1.2 g / cm 3 , the pores in the electrode are filled. If the packing density of the active material is low, there is a problem that the discharge characteristics at a large current also vary and the utilization factor is reduced.
【０００７】本発明の目的は、大電流での放電特性のば
らつきを低減し、放電特性も向上させ、更に利用率も飛
躍的に向上させることができるアルカリ蓄電池用電極を
提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode for an alkaline storage battery capable of reducing variations in discharge characteristics at a large current, improving discharge characteristics, and dramatically improving the utilization factor.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めに、本発明のアルカリ蓄電池用電極は、電極単位体積
当たりのスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケル
量に対する該電極中の孔部における単位体積当たりの活
物質の重量の比率を1.5 〜2.3 としたものである。In order to solve the above problems BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION alkaline storage battery electrode of the present invention, the holes in the electrode for the metallic nickel content of spongy metallic nickel porous body per unit electrode volume the weight of the proportion of active material per unit volume is obtained by a 1.5 to 2.3.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本来、活物質である水酸化ニッケルには導電性
がなく、三次元基体であるスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔
体に該水酸化ニッケルを充填した場合、金属ニッケル多
孔体と活物質との間の集電性が重要である。The nickel hydroxide, which is an active material, has essentially no conductivity. When the nickel hydroxide is filled in a sponge-like porous nickel metal body, which is a three-dimensional substrate, the gap between the nickel metal porous body and the active material is reduced. The current collection is important.
【００１０】しかるに、上述した本発明の方策によれ
ば、電極中のスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッ
ケル量を一定範囲にすることができ、また、利用率，高
率放電，電池寿命等に影響する活物質の電極孔部におけ
る充填密度の電極中のスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体に
対する比率も一定範囲にすることができ、このため大電
流での放電特性のばらつきを低減でき、放電特性も向上
させることができ、更に利用率も飛躍的に向上させるこ
とができる。However, according to the above-described measures of the present invention, the amount of metallic nickel in the sponge-like metallic nickel porous body in the electrode can be kept within a certain range, and the utilization rate, high rate discharge, battery life and the like can be reduced. spongy metallic nickel porous body in the electrode filling density in the electrode hole of the influence to the active material
The ratio to the ratio can be within a certain range, so that the variation in the discharge characteristics at a large current can be reduced, the discharge characteristics can be improved, and the utilization factor can be significantly improved.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例をニッケル−水素電池用電
極につて、図１，図２をもとに説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 for a nickel-hydrogen battery electrode.
【００１２】まず、電極単位体積当たりのスポンジ状金
属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケル量（Ａ）に対する該電
極中の孔部における単位体積当たりの活物質の重量
（Ｂ）の比率（Ｂ／Ａ）をある一定の範囲とする電極を
得るための具体的作製方法を以下に示す。First, the weight of the active material per unit volume at the hole in the electrode with respect to the amount of metallic nickel (A) of the sponge-like porous nickel metal per unit volume of the electrode.
A specific manufacturing method for obtaining an electrode in which the ratio (B / A) of (B) is within a certain range is described below.
【００１３】例えば、活物質として水酸化ニッケル粉末
（平均粒径15μｍ）を用い、これに活物質の活性化剤と
してコバルトを５wt％添加し、これら混合粉末に対して
0.4の割合（重量比）で水を加える。そして、増粘剤と
してカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウムを上記混合
粉末に対して0.004 の割合（重量比）で加え、スラリを
作製する。For example, nickel hydroxide powder (average particle size 15 μm) is used as an active material, and 5 wt% of cobalt is added as an activator for the active material.
Water is added at a ratio of 0.4 (weight ratio). Then, sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a thickener is added at a ratio (weight ratio) of 0.004 to the above mixed powder to prepare a slurry.
【００１４】次に、三次元基体である発泡ニッケルをプ
レスし、厚さ1.0 mm、多孔度93％とし、これに上記スラ
リを圧入した後、このスラリが充填された電極を80℃の
気流中を通過させて水分を蒸発させる。その後、150 Kg
／cm2 の圧力で加圧成形し、電極中の孔部における単位
体積当たりの活物質密度を2.7 g/cm3 とし、電極単位体
積当たりのスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケ
ル量（Ａ）に対する該電極中の孔部における単位体積当
たりの活物質の重量（Ｂ）の比率（Ｂ／Ａ）を2.1 とす
る。Next, the foamed nickel, which is a three-dimensional substrate, is pressed to have a thickness of 1.0 mm and a porosity of 93%. The slurry is pressed into this, and the electrode filled with the slurry is placed in an air stream at 80 ° C. To evaporate the water. Then 150 Kg
/ Cm 2 under pressure at a pressure of 2.7 g / cm 3 as the active material density per unit volume at the pores in the electrode, and the amount of metallic nickel of the sponge-like metallic nickel porous material per electrode unit volume (A) and 2.1 the ratio (B / a) of the weight of the active material per unit volume in the holes in the electrode (B) for.
【００１５】図１は、上記方法により電極単位体積当た
りのスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケル量に
対する該電極中の孔部における単位体積当たりの活物質
の重量の比率を1.4 〜2.6 とした電極を用い、従来の方
法により水素吸蔵合金を充填した水素極とともに巻回
し、1000 mAh相当の電池を試作し、0.2 Ｃ（終止電圧＝
1.0 Ｖ）で放電した場合の活物質利用率を示したもので
ある。[0015] Figure 1 is a metallic nickel content of spongy metallic nickel porous body per unit electrode volume by the above
The heavy weight ratio of the active material per unit volume in the holes in the electrode using an electrode was 1.4 to 2.6, turning the conventional winding with hydrogen electrode filled with hydrogen storage alloy by the method, 1000 mAh considerable battery against And a 0.2 C (final voltage =
It shows the active material utilization rate when the battery is discharged at 1.0 V).
【００１６】図から明らかなように、比率が2.3 を越え
ると、活物質と金属ニッケル多孔体の集電効率が急激に
低下するため、活物質の利用率も急激に低下する。ま
た、この比率が小さくなるほど、全体の傾向としては、
活物質の充填密度が低下する方向へ向かい、利用率も低
下してしまう。その結果、電極単位体積当たりのスポン
ジ状金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケル量に対する該電
極中の孔部における単位体積当たりの活物質の重量の比
率が1.5 〜2.3 の範囲において、最も活物質利用率が高
くなる。As is clear from the figure, when the ratio exceeds 2.3, the current collection efficiency of the active material and the porous metal nickel rapidly decreases, and the utilization rate of the active material also sharply decreases. Also, as this ratio decreases, the overall trend is:
As the packing density of the active material decreases, the utilization rate decreases. As a result, the weight of the specific <br/> ratio from 1.5 to 2.3 in the range of the active material per unit volume in the holes in the electrode for the metallic nickel content of spongy metallic nickel porous body per unit electrode volume, Active material utilization rate is highest.
【００１７】図２は、上記の本発明による電極を用いた
電池の高率放電特性を示すものである。図において、Ａ
は本発明による電極を用いた電池の高率放電特性であ
り、Ｂは上記実施例に示す電極単位体積当たりのスポン
ジ状金属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケル量に対する該電
極中の孔部における単位体積当たりの活物質の重量の比
率を2.3 よりも大きくした電極を用いた電池の高率放電
特性である。FIG. 2 shows a high rate discharge characteristic of a battery using the above-mentioned electrode according to the present invention. In the figure, A
Is the high-rate discharge characteristics of the battery using the electrode according to the present invention, B is per unit volume in the pores in the electrode with respect to the amount of metallic nickel in the sponge-like metallic nickel porous body per electrode unit volume shown in the above examples. the weight ratio <br/> rate of the active material is a high-rate discharge characteristics of the battery using the larger the electrode than 2.3.
【００１８】図から明らかなように、本発明による電極
を用いた電池は、上記比率を2.3 よりも大きくした電極
を用いた電池と比較して、大電流における放電特性が向
上している。また、大電流での放電特性のばらつきも小
さくなっている。As is apparent from the figure, the battery using the electrode according to the present invention has improved discharge characteristics at a large current as compared with the battery using the electrode having the above ratio larger than 2.3. In addition, variations in discharge characteristics at a large current are reduced.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明に係るアルカ
リ蓄電池用電極は、電極単位体積当たりのスポンジ状金
属ニッケル多孔体の金属ニッケル量に対する該電極中の
孔部における単位体積当たりの活物質の重量の比率を1.
5 〜2.3 としたので、電極中のスポンジ状金属ニッケル
多孔体の金属ニッケル量が一定範囲となり、また、利用
率，高率放電，電池寿命等に影響する活物質の電極孔部
における充填密度と電極中のスポンジ状金属ニッケル多
孔体との比率も一定範囲となり、このため大電流での放
電特性のばらつきを低減でき、放電特性も向上させるこ
とができ、更に利用率も飛躍的に向上させることができ
る。As described above, the electrode for an alkaline storage battery according to the present invention is characterized in that the amount of active material per unit volume in the pores in the electrode relative to the amount of metallic nickel of the sponge-like metallic nickel porous body per unit volume of the electrode. the weight of the ratio 1.
Since it is 5 to 2.3, the amount of metallic nickel in the sponge-like metallic nickel porous body in the electrode is within a certain range, and the filling density and the packing density of the active material in the electrode hole which affect the utilization, high rate discharge, battery life, etc. The ratio of the sponge-like metal nickel porous body in the electrode is also within a certain range, so that the dispersion of the discharge characteristics at a large current can be reduced, the discharge characteristics can be improved, and the utilization rate can be dramatically improved. Can be.
【図１】本発明に係るアルカリ蓄電池用電極を用いたニ
ッケル−水素電池の0.2 Ｃ（終止電圧1.0 Ｖ）で放電し
た場合の活物質利用率特性図である。FIG. 1 is a characteristic diagram of active material utilization when a nickel-hydrogen battery using an electrode for an alkaline storage battery according to the present invention is discharged at 0.2 C (final voltage: 1.0 V).
【図２】本発明に係るアルカリ蓄電池用電極を用いたニ
ッケル−水素電池と比較例のアルカリ蓄電池用電極を用
いたニッケル−水素電池との高率放電特性の比較図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a comparison diagram of high-rate discharge characteristics between a nickel-hydrogen battery using the alkaline storage battery electrode according to the present invention and a nickel-hydrogen battery using the alkaline storage battery electrode of the comparative example.
Ａ…本発明による電極を用いた電池の高率放電特性、Ｂ
…電極単位体積当たりのスポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔体
の金属ニッケル量に対する該電極中の孔部における単位
体積当たりの活物質の重量の比率を2.3 よりも大きくし
た電極を用いた電池の高率放電特性。A: High-rate discharge characteristics of a battery using the electrode according to the present invention, B
High rate discharge ... battery using the Weight increase the electrode than 2.3 the ratio of the active material per unit volume in the holes in the electrode for the metallic nickel content of spongy metallic nickel porous body per unit electrode volume Characteristic.
Claims (1)
活物質を充填したアルカリ蓄電池用電極において、 電極単位体積当たりの前記スポンジ状金属ニッケル多孔
体の金属ニッケル量に対する該電極中の前記孔部におけ
る単位体積当たりの前記活物質の重量の比率が1.5 〜2.
3 であることを特徴とするアルカリ蓄電池用電極。1. An electrode for an alkaline storage battery in which pores of a sponge-like porous nickel metal body are filled with an active material, wherein the pores in the electrode relative to the amount of metal nickel of the sponge-like nickel porous body per unit volume of the electrode weight ratios of the active material per unit volume in the 1.5 to 2.
3. An electrode for an alkaline storage battery, wherein the electrode is 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3308852A JP2581362B2 (en) | 1991-11-25 | 1991-11-25 | Electrodes for alkaline storage batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3308852A JP2581362B2 (en) | 1991-11-25 | 1991-11-25 | Electrodes for alkaline storage batteries |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05144438A JPH05144438A (en) | 1993-06-11 |
| JP2581362B2 true JP2581362B2 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
Family
ID=17986047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3308852A Expired - Fee Related JP2581362B2 (en) | 1991-11-25 | 1991-11-25 | Electrodes for alkaline storage batteries |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2581362B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006080174A1 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2006-08-03 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Alkaline storage battery |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006100154A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Alkaline battery and its process of manufacture |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2889669B2 (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1999-05-10 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Non-sintered nickel positive electrode plate for alkaline storage batteries |
-
1991
- 1991-11-25 JP JP3308852A patent/JP2581362B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006080174A1 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2006-08-03 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Alkaline storage battery |
| CN100479236C (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2009-04-15 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Alkaline storage battery |
| US7976982B2 (en) | 2005-01-06 | 2011-07-12 | Panasonic Corporation | Alkaline storage battery |
| JP5096910B2 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2012-12-12 | パナソニック株式会社 | Alkaline storage battery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05144438A (en) | 1993-06-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3246345B2 (en) | Nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage battery and nickel-hydrogen storage battery using the same | |
| JP2581362B2 (en) | Electrodes for alkaline storage batteries | |
| JP2002279980A (en) | Electrode and battery using the electrode | |
| JP2615538B2 (en) | Nickel positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries | |
| JPH11297352A (en) | Alkaline storage battery | |
| JPH11135112A (en) | Positive electrode for alkaline storage battery | |
| JP3182790B2 (en) | Hydrogen storage alloy electrode and method for producing the same | |
| JP4706163B2 (en) | Hydrogen storage alloy electrode and nickel metal hydride storage battery using the same | |
| JP2525320B2 (en) | Positive electrode for alkaline secondary battery | |
| JP3101622B2 (en) | Nickel-hydrogen alkaline storage battery | |
| JP3387763B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of alkaline storage battery | |
| JPH11111280A (en) | Hydride secondary battery | |
| JPH11238507A (en) | Alkaline storage battery | |
| JPH1021904A (en) | Alkaline storage battery | |
| JP3003218B2 (en) | Method for producing nickel electrode plate and method for producing alkaline storage battery | |
| JPH04284369A (en) | Nickel-metal hydride storage battery | |
| JP2981537B2 (en) | Negative electrode for alkaline batteries | |
| JPH1186860A (en) | Nickel hydroxide active material for alkaline storage battery and paste-type nickel hydroxide positive electrode with it | |
| JPH0810591B2 (en) | Hydrogen storage alloy electrode | |
| JP2568967B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of sealed nickel-hydrogen secondary battery | |
| JP2925591B2 (en) | Method for producing hydrogen storage electrode | |
| JP2000348731A (en) | Nickel electrode for alkaline storage battery | |
| JPH0883623A (en) | Nickel-hydrogen secondary battery | |
| JP2615538C (en) | ||
| JPH1186858A (en) | Nickel hydroxide active material for alkaline storage battery and paste-type nickel hydroxide positive pole plate with it |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 19961001 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |