JP2566381B2 - Water intake and fishway equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water intake facility and fishway facility applied to a large dam having a high head.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various dedicated fishways are installed in small dams, weirs, etc., but fishway facilities are generally stepped fishways with a gentle slope and low head. The conventional example is shown in FIG.
Explaining by (b), 24 is a staircase type fishway waterway, 25
Is a fishway waterway inlet, 26 is a fishway waterway outlet, 27 is a dam bank, 28 is a power plant, 29 is a dam lake on the upstream side of the dam, 30 is a dam downstream side, and fish is a fishway waterway inlet 30 on the dam downstream side 2
5 → staircase type fishway 24 → fishway waterway exit 26 → run up to dam lake 29 or, conversely, from dam lake 29 to fishway waterway 2
It goes down to the dam downstream side 30 via 4.

[0003]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention FIG. 4 (a) (b)
Although the conventional fishway shown in Figure 2 can be applied to small dams with low heads, but when it is applied to large dams with high heads, the staircase type fishway 24 must be lengthened in the horizontal direction in order to make the head fall. The equipment becomes large and the cost becomes high. Further, when the storage level of the dam dam lake 29 fluctuates greatly, there is a problem that the fishway flow control gate becomes too large.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and the object thereof is to reduce the cost because the fishway equipment can be downsized and the fishway equipment can also be used as the water supply equipment. The point is to provide a water intake facility and fishway facility that can facilitate the upstream movement of fish.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the water intake equipment and fishway equipment of the present invention is installed on the dam lake side of the dam body to introduce water into the dam lake through an opening. A water supply tower, a discharge gate that opens and closes the opening, a fishway channel that is provided in the bottom of the dam body to connect the lower part of the water conveyance tower to the downstream side of the dam, and is provided in the bottom of the dam body. A discharge pipe that connects the lower part of the above-mentioned water transmission tower and the dam downstream side, a fishway high-pressure gate installed on the above-mentioned waterway tower side of the fishway canal, and a discharge high-pressure gate installed on the above-mentioned water transmission tower side of the waterway. And a priming water intake pipe that guides the priming water taken from the opening to the fishway channel, a fish storage device that moves up and down in the water guiding tower, and moves the fishway channel toward the water guiding tower to move the fish to the same fish. With a fish collecting screen to push into the storage equipment Eteiru.

[0006] In the water intake facility and fishway facility, the fish storage device may be a float, and a pump for pouring water into the water guiding tower and raising the float may be provided at the lower part of the water guiding tower. In the water intake equipment and fishway equipment, openings of the water guiding tower may be provided at a plurality of upper and lower portions of the water guiding tower, and discharge gates may be provided corresponding to the respective openings.

In the water intake and fishway equipment, a fishscreen moving device for moving the fishscreen may be installed movably along the fishway. In the water intake equipment and fishway equipment, a depressurizing device for depressing the priming water guided from the priming water intake pipe to the fishway waterway may be provided on the lower end side of the priming water intake pipe. In the water intake equipment and fishway equipment,
An illumination lamp may be provided above the fishway channel to facilitate guiding the fish toward the water guiding tower.

In the water intake facility / fishway facility, the fish storage device may be a cage, and an elevating drive device for elevating the cage may be provided above the water guiding tower.

[0009]

[Action]

(1) When using as a water intake facility, the fishway high-pressure gate is fully closed, the discharge high-pressure gate is fully opened, the discharge gate is fully opened, and the water of the dam lake is transferred to the water guiding tower → discharge pipe → downstream of the dam. Discharge to the side. (2) When used as a fishway facility and when fish are run upstream from the downstream side of the dam to the dam lake, the fishway high-voltage gate should be fully opened and the discharge high-voltage gate should be fully closed. The water close to is introduced into the priming water intake pipe → the de-energizing device, de-energizing the water flow and flowing into the fishway waterway. Since fish have the property of advancing against the flow of water, the priming that flows through this fishway canal causes them to gather in the direction of the tower, and when they have gathered to some extent, move the fish collecting screen forward to store the fish in the fishway canal into the fish storage device. While raising this, raise the discharge gate to the upper limit position, and let the fish in the fish storage device flow into the dam lake from the opening. When lowering fish from the dam lake to the downstream side of the dam, the fishway high-pressure gate and discharge high-pressure gate are fully closed, and water near the surface of the dam lake is taken from the priming water intake pipe and the water transfer tower. After pouring water into it and raising the fish storage device to collect the fish in the dam lake into the fish storage device, lower the fish storage device and pour it into the fishway waterway.

[0010]

【Example】

(First Embodiment) Next, the water intake equipment and fishway equipment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. A is a dam bank, B is a dam lake on the upstream side of the dam, and C is a dam. Downstream side, 1 is a water guiding tower installed on the dam lake side of dam body A, and inside the water guiding tower 1 is through a plurality of openings (pipes) provided above and below the water guiding tower 1. It opens at Dam Lake B.

2A to 2F are a plurality of discharge gates for opening and closing the respective openings, 3 is a dust inflow prevention screen (not specifically shown) at the time of water intake, and the same dust inflow prevention screen 3 is a discharge gate. It is attached to each of 2A to 2F. 4 is a discharge gate 2 via an opening / closing spindle 18.
An opening / closing device for opening / closing A to 2F, the opening / closing device 4 is installed in the operation room 19 on the dam body A.

Reference numeral 10 is a fishway channel provided in the bottom of the dam body A, 20 is a discharge pipe provided in the bottom of the dam body A, and the fishway channel 10 and the discharge pipe 20 are connected to the lower portion of the heading tower 3. are doing. Reference numeral 8 is a fishway high-pressure gate installed on the water guiding tower side of the fishway waterway 10, and 9 is a discharge high-voltage gate installed on the water guiding tower side of the discharge pipe 20. Reference numeral 5 denotes a plurality of priming water intake pipes, and the upper ends of the respective priming water intake pipes 5 are a plurality of openings (pipes) connecting the inside of the water guiding tower 3 and the dam lake B.
When the fishway high-pressure gate 8 of the fishway waterway 10 is closed, the lower ends of the intake pipes 5 for priming water are connected to the deenergizers 7A and 7B via the valve unit 26.
Dam lake B → opening → priming water flowing down through the priming water intake pipe 5 is operated by the valve unit 26 to reduce the energy
Flow into B. In addition, the high voltage gate 8 for the fishway of the fishway waterway 10
When is open, the priming water flowing down through the dam lake B → the opening → the priming water intake pipe 5 flows into the energy reducing device 7A by the operation of the valve unit 26.

6 is a float that moves up and down in the water guiding tower 3, 11 is a pump provided in the bottom of the dam body A, 24 is a rail laid along the fishway channel 10, and 12 is a rail along the rail 24. A fish collecting screen moving device 16 capable of moving forward and backward is a fish collecting screen which is attached to the tip of the fish collecting screen moving device 12 via a screen float 15, and the fish collecting screen 16 is adapted to rotate and open and close. .

Reference numeral 17 is a weir for maintaining a required water level in the fishway waterway 10, 22 is an illumination lamp mounted on the upper surface inside the bottom of the dam body A, and 23 is a fish collecting lamp mounted on the top of the float 6. The fish are easily guided toward the water guiding tower 1. Next, the operation of the water intake equipment and fishway equipment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be specifically described. (A) The case of using it as water intake equipment will be described. (1) The fishway high-pressure gate 8 on the fishway waterway 10 side is fully closed, and the discharge high-voltage gate 9 on the discharge pipe 20 side is fully opened. (2) Next, the discharge gate 2 (any of the discharge gates 2A to 2F) immediately below the water level of the dam lake B is fully opened. (3) Next, the discharge facility 21 is opened, and the water in the dam lake B is discharged to the dam downstream side C via the water guiding tower 1 and the discharge pipe 20. (4) When the water level changes, the discharge gates 2A to 2F to be used are switched according to the water level.

(B) The case of using as fishway equipment will be described. First, a case where fish are run upstream from the dam downstream side C to the dam lake B will be described. (1) The fishway high-pressure gate 8 on the fishway waterway 10 side is fully opened, and the high-pressure discharge gate 9 on the discharge pipe 20 side is fully closed. (2) Next, water near the surface of the dam lake B is taken in by the priming water intake pipe 5. (3) Opening part for intake of this priming water → intake pipe 5 for priming water
-> Valve unit 26-> Flow into the de-energizing device 7A to de-energize the water flow. (4) Pour this depleted priming water into the fishway waterway 10. Since the fish has a property of advancing against the water flow, the priming that flows through the fishway waterway 10 causes the fish to gather in the fishway waterway 10 on the upstream side of the weir 17. (5) When a certain amount of fish has gathered in the fishway waterway 10 upstream of the weir 17, the fishscreen moving device 12 is driven to move the fishscreen 16 provided at the tip of the fishscreen moving device 12 forward to advance the fishway. The fishes in the waterway 10 are forced into the float 6. (6) When the fish is pushed into the float 6, the fish collecting screen moving device 12 is driven in the opposite direction to retract the fish collecting screen 16 to fully close the fishway high pressure gate 8 on the fishway waterway 10 side. (7) Next, the pump 11 is started, water is poured into the water guiding tower 3, and the float 6 containing the fish is raised. (8) Discharge gate 2 just above the water level in Dam Lake B
(Any of the discharge gates 2A to 2F) is raised to the upper limit position. When the discharge gate 2 is raised to the upper limit position, the screen 3 installed on the discharge gate 2 also rises, and this portion becomes a complete opening. (9) Continue the operation of the pump 11 to raise the float 6 to the above-mentioned opening so that the fish in the float 6 pass through the opening (pipe) that connects the water guiding tower 3 and the dam lake B to the dam lake. Pour into B. The opening connecting the water guiding tower 3 and the dam lake B is inclined so as to be lower toward the dam lake B. (10) Next, the discharge high-pressure gate 9 on the discharge pipe 20 side is opened, the discharge facility 21 is opened, and the water in the water guiding tower 3 is discharged. (11) The float 6 gradually descends as the water in the water guiding tower 3 is discharged, and when the drainage in the water guiding tower 3 is completed, the float 6 returns to the original lower limit position. (12) After that, the operations of (1) to (11) are repeated to allow fish to run upstream from the dam downstream side C to the dam lake B. (13) When the float 6 is being raised, the discharge facility 21 is opened, a part of the water from the priming water intake pipe 5 is bypassed to the discharge pipe 20, and the water is discharged from the discharge facility 21. Allows climb.

Next, the case where fish are lowered from the dam lake B to the dam downstream side C will be described. (1) The fishway high-pressure gate 8 on the fishway waterway 10 side and the discharge high-voltage gate 9 on the discharge pipe 20 side are fully closed. (2) Next, water near the surface of the dam lake B is taken from the priming water intake pipe 5, poured into the water guiding tower 1, and the float 6 is raised. (3) Raise the gate 2 (any of the discharge gates 2A to 2F) at the opening near the water surface of the dam lake B to the upper limit position. (4) By the fish collecting lamp 23 of the float 6, the water guiding tower 3
While illuminating the opening of the, the fish of the dam lake B is collected in the float 6 in the water guiding tower 3. (5) Next, the discharge gate 2 is fully closed. (6) Next, the discharge pipe 20 is filled with water. (7) Next, the high-pressure discharge gate 9 on the discharge pipe 20 side is fully opened. (8) Next, the discharge facility 21 is opened, the water in the water guiding tower 3 is discharged, and the float 6 is gradually lowered. (9) When the lower end of the float 6 reaches the upper end of the discharge pipe 20 of the discharge pipe 20 upstream of the fishway high-pressure gate 8, the discharge equipment 21 is temporarily closed and the float 6 is stopped. (10) Next, the discharge high-pressure gate 9 on the discharge pipe 20 side is fully closed. (11) Next, the fishway high-pressure gate 8 on the fishway waterway 10 side is fully opened at once, and the fish in the float 6 is poured into the fishway waterway 10 by running water. (12) Next, the fishway high-pressure gate 8 on the fishway waterway 10 side is fully closed. (13) After that, the operations of (2) to (11) are repeated to lower the fish from the dam lake B to the dam downstream side C. (14) When the float 6 is being raised, the discharge facility 21 is opened, a part of the water from the priming water intake pipe 5 is bypassed to the discharge pipe 20, and the water is discharged from the discharge facility 21 to remove the float 6. Allows climb.

(Second Embodiment) In FIG. 3, the float 6 is replaced with a cage 14, which is used as a hoist 13 and a wire rope 2.
5 shows a second embodiment in which the lifting and lowering are performed by means of 5 and this embodiment also performs the same operation as described above.

[0018]

As described above (1), when the water intake equipment and fishway equipment of the present invention is used as water intake equipment, the fishway high-pressure gate is fully closed, the discharge high-pressure gate is fully opened, and the discharge gate is opened. Fully open and discharge the water from the dam lake to the water transfer tower → discharge pipe → downstream of the dam. (2) When used as a fishway facility and when fish are run upstream from the downstream side of the dam to the dam lake, the fishway high-voltage gate should be fully opened and the discharge high-voltage gate should be fully closed. Intake water for priming water to the de-energizer to de-energize the water flow,
Pour into the fishway waterway. Since fish have the property of advancing against the flow of water, the priming that flows through this fishway canal causes them to gather in the direction of the tower, and when they have gathered to some extent, move the fish collecting screen forward to store the fish in the fishway canal into the fish storage device. ,
While raising this, the discharge gate is raised to the upper limit position and the fish in the fish container is poured into the dam lake from the opening. When lowering fish from the dam lake to the downstream side of the dam, the fishway high-pressure gate and discharge high-pressure gate are fully closed, and water near the surface of the dam lake is taken from the priming water intake pipe and the water transfer tower. After pouring water into it and raising the fish storage device to collect fish from the dam lake in the fish storage device, lower the fish storage device and pour it into the fishway waterway. Since there is no need to lengthen it in the direction, the fishway equipment can be downsized, and the fishway equipment can also be used as a water equipment, which reduces costs. It should be noted that fish paths are used from the ecology of fishes during the run-up period from April to June and at 9
Considering that it is a descending period from March to November, and is not used as a fishway at any other time, the advantage of using the dual-purpose type is very large.

Further, as described above, the fishway high-pressure gate is fully opened, the discharge high-voltage gate is fully closed, and the water near the surface of the dam lake is made to flow into the priming water intake pipe → the de-energizer to de-energize the water flow. As it flows into the fishway waterway, the fish can be run upstream.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a first embodiment of a water intake facility and fishway facility of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the water intake equipment and fishway equipment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing a second embodiment of the intake facility and fishway facility of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a conventional fishway facility, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a staircase type fishway waterway.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Dam dam B Dam dam upstream of dam C Dam downstream 1 Water transfer tower 2A-2F Discharge gate 3 Dust inflow prevention screen 4 Switchgear 5 Intake pipe for priming 6 Float (fish storage device) 7A, 7B Device 8 High-pressure gate for fishway 9 High-pressure gate for discharge 10 Fishway waterway 11 Pump 12 Fish collecting screen moving device 15 Screen float 16 Fish collecting screen 17 Weir 18 Opening / closing spindle 19 Operating room 20 Discharge pipe 22 Lighting lamp 23 Fish collecting lamp 24 Rail 26 valve unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Katsuji Terazono 2-14-2 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Kojimachi NK Building Inside the dam water source environment maintenance center (72) Inventor Shigeji Shiga, Tokyo 2-14-2 Kojimachi NK Building Inside the dam water source environment improvement center (56) References JP-A-61-126211 (JP, A) Actual Kaihei 3-89735 (JP, U) Actual Kaihei 3 -89734 (JP, U)

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A water-conducting tower installed on the dam lake side of the dam bank to communicate with the dam lake through an opening, a discharge gate that opens and closes the opening, and a water gate provided in the bottom of the dam bank. A fishway channel connecting the lower part of the water guiding tower to the dam downstream side, a discharge pipe provided in the bottom of the dam body to connect the lower part of the water guiding tower to the dam downstream side, and a water guiding channel of the fishway channel. Fishway high-pressure gate installed on the tower side, high-pressure discharge gate installed on the tower side of the discharge pipe, priming intake pipe that guides the priming water taken from the opening to the fishway canal, and A water intake and fishway facility characterized by comprising a fish storage device that moves up and down in the tower, and a fish collecting screen that moves the fishway canal toward the water transfer tower and pushes the fish into the fish storage device. 2. The water intake equipment and fishway equipment according to claim 1, wherein the fish storage device is a float, and a pump for pouring water into the water guiding tower to raise the float is provided at a lower portion of the water guiding tower. 3. The water intake equipment and fishway equipment according to claim 1, wherein the openings are provided at a plurality of upper and lower portions of the water guiding tower, and the discharge gates are provided corresponding to the respective openings. 4. The water intake equipment and fishway equipment according to claim 1, wherein a fish collection screen moving device for moving the fish collection screen is installed so as to be movable along the fishway waterway. 5. The water intake equipment and fishway equipment according to claim 1, wherein a depressurizing device for depressing the priming water guided from the priming water intake pipe to the fishway waterway is provided on the lower end side of the priming water intake pipe. 6. An illumination lamp is provided above the fishway channel to facilitate guiding fish to the water guiding tower.
Water intake facility and fishway facility described. 7. The water intake equipment and fishway equipment according to claim 1, wherein the fish storage device is a cage, and an elevating drive device for elevating the cage is provided at an upper portion of the water guiding tower.