JP2556781B2 - Arrangement method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative board which is attached to a concrete structure to adjust the size and condition of the surface of the structure, its application and use. A typical example is a riser for concrete stairs, in which a hardened layer of portland cement, silica sand, and polymer cement whose main component is SBR latex is provided on the surface of an asbestos slate board. The present invention can be used in the fields of construction, civil engineering and their material industries.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, the dimensional accuracy and surface condition of a concrete driven structure are often insufficient for use as a building, and various finishing processes are required to obtain a predetermined size and surface smoothness. Requires. In the following, a concrete staircase will be described as an example.

The most basic finishing technique is mortar finishing. It takes 5 days after moving the plasterer after marking the carpenter. In addition, after the confirmation of the marking, the void-matching mortar method is further assembled with the formwork of the riser part, filled with the dry-matched mortar with a low water / cement ratio, solidified, and finished on the tread surface. After that, remove the formwork of the riser and apply a thin coating. This takes 4 days. Mortar finish Air-blended mortar method 1st day Substrate cleaning, stepwise, application 1st day Substrate cleaning, stepwise, application. Formwork preparation 2nd day Undercoating, curing 2nd day Formwork, mortar filling, curing 3rd day Medium coating, curing 3rd day kicking, thin coating 4th day Topcoating 4th day curing 5th day curing It is very complicated, labor-intensive and time-consuming, and there is a drawback in that empty mortar does not have anti-slip screws.

If an artificial slate plate (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a slate plate) is attached to the surface of a concrete structure to decorate it, accuracy higher than that of the mortar thin coating finish can be obtained, and labor saving of the rise finish portion can be realized. Can be expected, and since the number of days to use the temporary stairs is reduced, speed and safety of other work can be secured. Generally, sand mortar is used to attach a slate plate to a concrete structure, but when the slate plate absorbs water, the water content of the sand mortar is lost and the sand mortar does not lose its adhesive strength (dry out). There is a sufficient risk that the plate will bend back and cause peeling. In addition, because the accuracy of dimensioning concrete is low, the slate plate must be fixed at the position specified by the ink marking, which is slightly away from the concrete driving surface. Under these circumstances, the slate board attachment method is as follows.

On the first day, preparation: water absorption adjustment processing is performed on a slate plate having a predetermined size. For example, a synthetic resin material is coated. Then, a paste-like cement composition is applied to form a hardened material layer. By processing in this way, the slate plate adheres well in the dumpling bonding process described later, but since it absorbs water and warps back in this processing process, it must be left to dry until the next day and wait for the warp to return. There is. On the other hand, coating to adjust the water absorption is also performed on the steps of the concrete stairs that have been checked for marking and cleaned. On the 2nd day, slate plate installation: Sand mortar for sticking dumplings made of lightweight aggregate was stuck in a dumpling width direction of the concrete stairs at a pitch of about 300mm, and the hardened cement layer was placed on the inside. Stick a slate plate in place and bite an appropriate wedge to adjust the tread width, kick height and angle. By using the dumpling method, the slate plate can be easily aligned with the position specified by the marking. Until the slate plate is completely fixed, temporarily fix it with concrete nails that have been hammered onto the tread and a wire.

On the third day, filling and tread finishing: after the curing effect,
The space between the slate plate and the rise surface of the concrete driving stairs is sufficiently filled with mortar using a pressure pump, etc.
Fully adhere. Remove the temporary fastening wire and the height adjusting wedge, and finish the tread according to the level of the slate plate. In this method, since the synthetic resin coating of the slate board and the cement hardened product layer formation are performed on site, the construction management tends to be insufficient. For this reason, there is a built-in problem that the slate plate and the mortar with dumplings sometimes peel off when a uniform coating state cannot be obtained or the warp is applied before it is completely subsided. In particular, when the dilution ratio of the synthetic resin emulsion or the application is not perfect, there is a high risk that the slate plate will warp and peel off. In addition, the slate plates on which the paste-like cement composition has been applied and the cured product layer cannot be stacked, and it is necessary to cure the slate plate horizontally until it hardens. There is also a high risk of damage.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 59-462 discloses a method of attaching a base plate which includes temporary mounting of a slate plate and injection of mortar. This uses a base plate having at least one rough surface, and a rough surface having irregularities of about 1 to 2 mm is formed by coating with a synthetic resin coating material or a roll type.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a board suitable for arranging by adhering it to the surface of a concrete structure, instead of the time-consuming mortar finishing.
Ordinary artificial slate plate cannot be used as it is for the pasting method because it causes warpage due to water absorption and mortar dryout. The processing of slate board at the construction site was insufficient in terms of construction period and construction management, and there was a risk of peeling. The present invention realizes the improvement of construction quality and construction period by providing a new dressing board with good adhesion by sand mortar.

[0009]

The point of the present invention resides in a decorative board that can be produced by processing a slate board in a factory in advance, and by using this in a construction method for attaching it to a concrete structure, the conventional technique is used. It is possible to adjust the size and condition of the surface of the structure in a shorter construction period, and the construction work is excellent. That is, the first invention of the present application is a method for preparing a concrete structure, characterized by comprising a layer of a polymer cement cured product containing hydraulic cement, sand and an organic polymer substance as components on the surface of an artificial slate plate. A decorative board, a typical embodiment of which is a riser for a concrete staircase. In connection with this dressing board,
The invention of the construction method using it is also disclosed. This will be described later.

The organic polymer substance used as a component of the polymer cement is preferably one that can be applied as an emulsion. Typical polymer emulsions used are SBR latex, EVA emulsion,
Acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion. For applications requiring water resistance such as stair riser, use of rubber emulsion such as SBR latex containing styrene-butadiene synthetic rubber as a main component. Especially preferred. The artificial slate plate (represented by asbestos slate) that is the substrate of the decorative plate of the present invention is a cementitious plate containing a reinforcing agent, and usually 6 to 8
Those with a thickness of mm are often used for outer panels of buildings, and are also commercially available under the names such as large flat plates.

The polymer cement hardened material layer provided on the surface of the slate plate contains hydraulic cement, sand, and an organic polymer substance as main components. Such a hardened material layer may be a mixture of, for example, Portland cement, an aggregate, an additive, and a paste mixed with SBR latex (which contains water added so that a predetermined water / cement ratio is included) of an artificial slate board. It is obtained by applying it on the surface, curing and drying. Examples of hydraulic cement include ordinary Portland cement, special Portland cements, blast furnace cement, and alumina cement, and typical one is ordinary Portland cement.

A typical aggregate is No. 4 to No. 8 silica sand, and an example of the particle size distribution (%) is as follows. Standard sieve Nominal size μm 4 No. 5 No. 6 No. 7 No. 8 No. 1680 1> 1190 25-35 840 60-705 5> 590 2-5 5 10-20 2> 420 <1 40-502 2-5 297 30-35 40 to 505> 210 3 to 5 40 to 507 to 102> 149 <1 4 to 8 30 to 40 1 to 3 105 <1 25 to 35 5 to 10 74 10 to 15 30 to 35 53 5 to 8 40 ~ 45 PAN <3 15-20.

The present invention is different from the synthetic resin coating disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-462, in that a roughened cementitious surface is formed by applying a layer of a polymer cement hardened material using cement and sand, and then applied. Improves familiarity with sand mortar for filling and filling mortar. Usually 1 to 1.5
If it is applied to a thickness of about mm, a cured product layer more than twice the grain size of the aggregate is formed and the purpose of improving adhesion is achieved. It is also preferable to use aggregates of different sizes, such as No. 4-5 silica sand and No. 7 silica sand, in combination, and it is also possible to use other aggregates such as cold water stone. The polymer cement cured product layer may be provided on one side of the slate plate, but it may be provided on both sides.

This arranging board can be processed by providing a layer of hardened polymer cement at the original size of a slate board and cut into a size according to the purpose of use, or cut into a predetermined size. A cured product layer may be provided on the slate plate. In the case of a concrete stair riser, which is a typical example, the rise height is 180 to 200 mm and the stair width is 12
A size of about 00 to 2000 mm is common. In order to use it for a wide staircase, it is also possible to connect a dressing board with a joiner made of H-type metal or plastics.
This dressing board can be produced in a factory under well-controlled conditions. At the construction site, factory-produced products that have been brought in from a warehouse and cut into pieces of a predetermined size as needed can be immediately used in the pasting method.

According to the pasting method disclosed in the present application, a layer of a polymer cement hardened product containing hydraulic cement, sand and an organic polymer as main components is provided on the surface of an artificial slate plate, which is produced in advance in a factory. After that, the decorative board, which was carried to the construction site, was partially attached to the concrete driving structure through the sand-sand mortar block with the polymer cement cured material layer inside, and after positioning, it was cured in the temporarily fixed state. After that, the surface trimming method of the concrete structure is characterized in that the space on the back side of the trimming plate integrated with the frame is filled with mortar and finished.

Explaining this with an example of a stair riser,
On the first day of the plastering process, the carpenter cleaned up the ground and cleaned the groundwork and applied a polymer emulsion on the steps of the concrete driving stairs to adjust the water absorption, and then used a sand mortar block to decorate the board ( Attach the riser plate. For the pasting, for example, cement, lightweight aggregate and sand mortar kneaded into EVA emulsion are used as an adhesive agent, and the sand mortar is pasted in the rise width direction of the concrete stairs at a pitch of about 300 mm. The riser plate is partially adhered to the concrete driving stairs with the layer of hardened polymer cement inside and the sand mortar block.
If necessary, bite an appropriate wedge to adjust the tread width, rise height and angle, and position. Partial adhesion using sand mortar blocks makes it easy to align the trim board with the position specified by the marking, and the trim board whose surface has been prefabricated adheres strongly to this sand mortar. 、 Temporarily stopped. It is convenient to use fixing brackets together as needed for temporary fixing until the decorative plate is completely fixed.

The work on the second day starts from the state in which the temporary fixing by the sand mortar mass has been hardened, and the mortar is filled in the kicking space on the back of the decorative plate to finish it, and the tread surface is finished and cured. In this way, by using the decorative board of the present invention, the plastering work on site can be completed in 2 days. The method of filling the mortar after the partial adhesion has been described above, but in the case where the width is narrow, the concrete surface and the decorative board can be directly attached with sand mortar if necessary.

[0018]

[Example] Ordinary Portland cement 10 kg, No. 4 silica sand 1 kg, No. 5 silica sand 5 kg, No. 7 silica sand 4 kg, a small amount of glass fiber (crack-preventing material) and methyl cellulose (water retention agent) in powder and granule formulation to SBR latex ( 22.5%)
Gradually add 6 kg and knead uniformly while stirring to obtain a paste-like polymer cement composition. Asbestos slate board (width 910 mm, length 1820 mm, thickness 6 mm) is sprayed or with a roller to give this cement composition
Apply a thickness of 1.5 mm. The slate board should be treated in advance with a synthetic resin emulsion so as not to remove water from the cement composition. If the slate plate coated with the pasty polymer cement composition is left horizontally, it will cure and dry, and the warpage due to water absorption will also return,
A decorative board of the present invention having a polymer cement cured product layer on the surface is obtained. This is cut into a riser plate according to the riser dimensions of the stairs.

The plastering process after confirmation of marking begins with cleaning the groundwork and applying the polymer emulsion to the steps of the concrete driving stairs. Here, we use a 45% EVA emulsion 5 times diluted solution, which allows partial adhesion (paste attachment).
Prevents dry-out of sand mortar blocks. Sand mortar for sticking dumplings is a lightweight aggregate (sand) 1 bag (3.5
kg, 45-40 liters), EVA emulsion 1.5
It is prepared by mixing and kneading kg, 40 kg of cement, and 18 to 20 liters of water. Stick a riser plate using this sand mortar block.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a dumpling sticking method for sticking a decorative board to a concrete driving staircase,
1 is a decorative board (raising board), 2 is a concrete driving staircase, and 3 is a sand mortar block. Concrete stairs 2
Sand mortar lumps 3 are pasted in a dumpling width direction at a pitch of about 300 mm, and the trimming board 1 has the polymer cement hardened material layer 7 facing the kicking surface and the artificial slate board 8 is on the outside. Set from above to the specified position. If necessary, bite the appropriate wedge 4 and tread width,
Adjust the height and angle of kicking. The surface-processed decorative board is partly and strongly adhered to the concrete driving stairs 2 by the sand mortar block, and is temporarily fixed. 5
Is a temporary nail and 6 is a fixture. Up to this point, plastering work can be done in a day. The next day, mortar is filled in the riser space 9 on the back of the trim board where the temporary fixing by sand mortar blocks has been hardened, and the tread surface is finished and cured.

[0021]

According to the present invention, the presence of the polymer cement hardened material layer provided in advance improves the adhesion of mortar to concrete without requiring surface treatment at the construction site. The hardened material layer, which is a combination of cement, sand, and organic polymer, is different from a mere synthetic resin coat or cementitious layer, and has a rough cementitious surface, so it is well compatible with mortar. Organic polymeric substances,
That is, the polymer component is a material that prevents water absorption and improves the adhesive strength used in the concrete splicing method. When the product of the present invention is used, sufficient curing and curing can be performed at a place away from the site, so there is no inconvenience of warping after use.

With the realization of this decorative plate, the work of surface processing of the slate plate necessary for the pasting method can be carried out efficiently in advance in the factory, which is completely separated from the work at the construction site. be able to. As seen in the example of stair riser construction, the plastering work on site can be completed in just two days, contributing to shortening the construction period and eliminating labor shortages. The hardened material layer provided in the well-managed factory has less defective products than the on-site construction, and prevents problems such as peeling accidents after completion of construction.
By using this dressing board, it is easy to match the position as specified by the marking by partial adhesion using sand mortar blocks. Due to the layer of cured polymer cement,
The roughened surface of the dressing board is well compatible with sand mortar blocks for attachment and filled mortar, and has sufficient adhesiveness for temporary fixing with sand mortar blocks. The use of sand of an appropriate size as the aggregate and forming a hardened material layer having a particle size more than twice the particle size of the aggregate helps to exert such an effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Fig. 1] Cross-sectional explanatory view showing a dumpling sticking method for sticking a decorative plate to a concrete driving staircase.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Decorative board (steeping board) 2 Concrete driving stairs 3 Sand mortar block 4 Wedge 5 Temporary nail 6 Fixing metal 7 Polymer cement hardened material layer 8 Artificial slate board 9 Raising space

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A man-made slate board is provided with a layer of hardened polymer cement containing hydraulic cement, sand and an organic polymer as main components on the surface of the artificial slate board, which is produced in advance in a factory and then transported to a construction site. With the polymer cement hardened material layer inside, the decorative board was partially attached to the concrete driving structure through the sand mortar block, after positioning, it was hardened in the temporarily fixed state, and then integrated with the body. Surface decoration method for concrete structure characterized by filling mortar into the space on the back side of the decorative board