JP2530536B2 - Cutter plate for shield excavator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a cutter plate of a shield excavator suitable for excavating a tunnel whose excavation ground is a clay layer.

[0002] Conventionally, although a variety of structures capable of drilling in accordance with the soil is known as a shield excavator, both in a radial direction from the center portion to the plate surface of the cutter plate
Elongated excavated soil intake slits parallel to each other toward each other
And the elongated plate surface between these slits
Do not project multiple fixed cutter bits along both edges.
The ground is excavated by the fixed cutter bit projecting from the surface of the cutter plate while rotating the cutter plate, and the tunnel is excavated while taking the excavated soil into the machine from the intake slit.

[0003]

However, according to such a conventional shield excavator, when the soil is sandy ground , the fixed cutter bit is thrust into the sandy ground.
You can continue to smooth excavation while the state, in the case of ground clay layer, the center or et radius of clay cutter plate
Elongated plate surface between fixed cutter bits arranged parallel to the direction
Fixed to the front with a thickness equal to the protruding length of the cutter bit
It adheres and stays, turning while pressing the cutter plate against the face of the face.
Even if it is rolled, it can be rotated together with clay attached to the elongated plate surface.
The clay cutter layer bites the fixed cutter bit on the face face.
It is prevented from inserting and there is a gap between the face and the surface of the cutter plate.
Even if the cutter plate is rotated when it occurs, the tip of the cutter plate
It became impossible to excavate the clay layer just by slipping the face
It is something.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems.
When excavating the clay layer ground,
Allows excavation with a fixed cutter bit by disturbing the standing state
The purpose is to provide a cutter plate for the shield excavator.

[0005]

To achieve the above object, according to the Invention The cutter plate of the shield excavator of the present invention, the cutter plate
Slender parallel to each other from the center to the radial direction on the plate surface
There are slits for excavating soil and
In the cutter plate formed by projecting a plurality of fixed cutter bits along both side edges of the elongated plate surface portion between the sets,
There was an appropriate space in the circumferential direction from the cutter bit to the cutter plate.
Clay layer ground disturbance excavation that can freely appear and disappear from the plate surface
Movable cutter bits for use at appropriate intervals in the radial direction of the cutter plate
The movable cutter bit is arranged so that it can project from the front surface of the cutter plate by a length greater than the projecting length of the fixed cutter bit.

[0006]

When the excavation ground is a sand layer, the movable cutter bit is immersed inward from the front side of the cutter plate, and the shield excavator is propelled while rotating the cutter plate to project it on the cutter plate. Excavate the sand ground with the fixed cutter bit. The excavated earth and sand will be taken into the machine from the intake slit provided on the cutter plate and discharged through the tunnel.

Thus, in the case of sand ground, the soil
Because it does not adhere to the jitter plate, dug by a fixed cut Tabitto
It can be ground, but if the excavated ground is a clay layer,
A fixed cup arranged in the radial direction from the center of the cutter plate.
Clay that adheres to the front of the elongated plate surface between the tabbits
Fixed Cutter Bit Protrusion Without Drilling By Tabbit
Adhesion and retention with a thickness equivalent to the protruding length, and this adhesion
The fixed cutter bit cuts into the face due to the clay layer
Was blocked and the tip of the fixed cutter bit contacted the facet.
The cutter plate will idle in this condition. For this reason,
The moving cutter bit is larger than the protruding length of the fixed cutter bit.
The movable cutter bit will cut into the face when
The clay layer on the face is made groove-shaped by rotating the cutter plate in this state.
Disturb while cutting, sticking toward the surface of the cutter plate.
It will swell the soil layer. Fix this bulge
The clay bit is excavated so that it can be excavated into the intake slit, and the clay layer ground can be excavated.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield excavator, which has a disc-shaped cutter plate 3 at the front end of an opening of a skin plate 2 thereof.
Is provided, and the cutter plate 3 is rotatably supported by a partition wall 4 integrated with the skin plate 2 stretched on the rear side thereof with an appropriate interval.

Pairs of elongated parallel excavated soil intake slits 5 and 5 reaching the outer peripheral edge portion in the radial direction from the central portion are provided at two symmetrical positions with respect to the center of the plate surface of the cutter plate 3. In addition to being provided, these intake slits 5,
Along the both edges of the elongated plate surface portion 3a between the 5 and 5
A plurality of fixed cutter bits 6, 6 ... 6 are fixed by projecting a certain length from the plate surface.

Further, the plate surface portion 3 provided between the parallel intake slits 5 and 5 penetrating between the front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate 3.
In a, a plurality of movable cutter bits 7, 7 ... 7 are arranged in a state of being shifted by appropriate intervals in the radial direction so as not to be arranged concentrically with each other. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the mounting structure of these movable cutter bits 7 is as follows.
A polygonal (hexagonal in the figure) hole 8 penetrating between the front and rear surfaces is formed in the plate surface portion 3 a, and the peripheral surface of the square hole 8 is the square hole 8.
In the same manner as the above, a polygonal cylinder member 9 is mounted so as to be slidable back and forth, and the base end portion of the movable cutter bit 7 is integrally fixed to the front surface of the cylinder member 9 to move the cylinder member 9 back and forth. The movable cutter bit 7 is configured to be retractable from the front surface of the cutter plate 3 so that the tip portion of the movable cutter bit 7 projects further forward than the tip of the fixed cutter bit 6 from the plate surface of the cutter plate 3 .

As a driving means for the cylinder member 9 having the movable cutter bit 7 projecting therefrom, the rear end portion of the rod 11 of the piston 10 inserted into the cylinder member 9 is the rear end opening portion of the square hole 8. The hydraulic passages 12, 1 provided in the rod 11 are fixed to the central portion of the fixed plate 22 which is closed in a penetrating state.
The front ends of the hydraulic passages 3 are opened to the front and rear surfaces of the piston 10 in the cylinder member 9, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 1, the base ends 2 and 13 are communicated with the pipelines 14 and 15 that are piped through the center of the rotary shaft 3b of the cutter plate 3, and the pipelines 14 and 15 of the shield excavator 1 are connected. The hydraulic equipment 16 installed in the machine is connected and communicated with the hydraulic equipment 16, and the cylinder equipment 9 is slid back and forth within the square hole 7 by operating the hydraulic equipment 16.

Incidentally, such a movable cutter bit 7 is
Plate surface portion 3a of the cutter plate 3 between the intake slits 5 and 5
Besides, as shown in FIG. 2, on the plate surface of the cutter plate 3 in the direction perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the intake slits 5, 5, as shown in FIG.
A plurality of movable cutter bits 7, 7, ... 7 are arranged at appropriate intervals in the radial direction. All of these movable cutter bits 7 are provided so as to be displaced by appropriate intervals in the radial direction so as not to be arranged concentrically with each other.

The shape of the movable cutter bit 7 is the cutter plate 3
Is formed to have a rectangular cross section that is long in the circumferential direction, and the tip end surface has inclined surfaces on both long side portions, and by inclining inward from the short side edge toward the center, The cutting edge 7a has a sharp edge. On the other hand, the fixed cutter bit 6 has an inner side surface integrally fixed to the side end surface of the plate surface portion 3a, and the tip end surface of the blade portion protruding from the plate surface portion 3a extends in the circumferential direction of the cutter plate 3. It is inclined forward and outward, and the outer surface is inclined inward from its side edge to form a scraping inclined surface 6b, and the side edge is formed as a cutting edge 6a.

The rotary driving means for the cutter plate 3 provided with the fixed cutter bit 6 and the movable cutter bit 7 as described above, as shown in FIG.
The central shaft 3b is rotatably supported at the center of the partition wall 4 and is rotated by a drive motor 17 arranged on the back surface of the partition wall 4. Further, as a means for transporting sediment from the sediment intake chamber 18 formed in the space between the back surface of the cutter plate 3 and the facing surface of the partition wall 4, a screw conveyor 19 is installed in the machine and the screw conveyor 19 is installed. The structure is such that the opening at the downwardly inclined end faces the lower end of the earth and sand intake chamber 18.

The shield excavator 1 thus constructed is
Segment 2 assembled in the tail of skin plate 2
0 is supported by a reaction force and the propelling jack 21 is actuated to move forward, and the cutter plate 3 is rotated by the operation of the drive motor 17 to excavate the ground with a cutter bit to build a tunnel. Then, the excavated earth and sand is taken into the taking-in chamber 18 through the taking-in slit 5, is carried into the machine by the screw conveyor 19, and is discharged through the tunnel by the toro or the like.

At this time, when the excavated ground is a sandy ground, hydraulic pressure is supplied from the hydraulic equipment 16 through the pipe line 15 and the hydraulic passage 13 into the cylinder member 9 on the rear side of the piston 10, so that the front end surface is The cylinder member 9 provided with the movable cutter bit 7 is retracted, the movable cutter bit 7 is immersed in the cutter plate 3, and in this state, the cutting face ground is excavated by the fixed cutter bit 6.

[0017] Also, in case the drilling ground is a clay layer, mosquitoes
A fixed bracket arranged in the radial direction from the center of the cutter plate 3.
Clay adheres to the front surface of the elongated plate surface portion 3a between the tabs 6 and 6.
And then accumulated without being excavated by the fixed cutter bit 6.
The thickness from the plate surface 3a to the tip of the fixed cutter bit 6
Rotate integrally with the only attached cutter plate 3
Will be. Therefore, the fixed clay is fixed by this adhered clay layer.
The tab bit 6 is prevented from digging into the face face and fixed.
With the tip of the cutter bit 6 in contact with the face, the cutter plate 3
Becomes idle and the clay layer cannot be excavated. This
Therefore, the movable cutter bit 7 is inserted into the face of the face and the face is cut.
The clay layer on the surface is transformed into an uneven surface, and the fixed cutter bit 6 is formed.
This enables excavation and removal by That is, by supplying pressure oil from the hydraulic equipment 16 through the pipeline 14 and the hydraulic passage 12 into the cylinder member 9 on the front side of the piston 10, the cylinder member 9 is moved forward to move the movable cutter bit 7 to the plate of the cutter plate 3. The tip of the fixed cutter bit 6 is made to protrude forward with respect to the surface . In this state, when the cutter plate 3 is rotated and the shield excavator 1 is propelled in the same manner as described above, the movable cutter bit 7 moves in the circumferential direction from the state where the movable cutter bit 7 is thrust into the clay layer on the face of the face. switching blade surface of the clay layer by cutting edge 7a of the bit 7 is disturbed so that the number of irregularities groove is crowded cut in a groove shape.

Therefore, the groove wall portion of the uneven groove is a cutter.
Close the gap between the front surface of the plate 3 and the tip of the fixed cutter bit 6.
Thus, the tip cutting edge 6a of the fixed cutter bit 6 abuts on the bulging portion toward the cutter plate 3, and the cutting edge 6a is rotated by the rotation of the cutter plate 3 to form a circle. in which clay with go bite into the groove wall surface that bulges by the moving direction of the is fed into the intake slit 5 while Kakikoma by the inclined surface 6b continuous with the cutting edge the edge 6a of the fixed cutter bit 6. In this way, the movable cutter bit 7 is made to project further forward than the fixed cutter bit 6, while the movable cutter bit 7 disturbs the clay layer on the face of the face, while the fixed cutter bit 6 scoops up the clay. It excavates a clay layer. After the movable cutter bit 7 disturbs the clay layer on the face, the movable cutter bit 7 may be temporarily immersed in the cutter plate 3 to excavate the face by the fixed cutter bit 6. .

As described above, according to the cutter plate of the shield excavator of the present invention, the plate surface of the cutter plate is radiated from the center in the radial direction.
Narrow slits for excavating soil are installed parallel to each other.
Both sides of the elongated plate surface part between these slits
Ca obtained by projecting the fixed cutter bits in a plurality of edgewise
In the cutter plate , from the fixed cutter bit to the cutter plate
The plate surface part, which is appropriately spaced in the circumferential direction, is projected from the plate surface part.
Disposable clay layer ground Movable cutter bits for ground disturbance excavation are arranged at appropriate intervals in the radial direction of the cutter plate, and the movable cutter bits are arranged in front of the cutter plate at a length greater than the protruding length of the fixed cutter bit. If the excavated ground is a ground such as a sand layer, it is possible to project from the cutter plate by immersing the movable cutter bit inward from the front of the cutter plate. It is possible to build a tunnel while excavating the ground with a large number of fixed cutter bits.

[0020] On the other hand, if the drilling ground is of the clay layer, cut
Fixed cutters arranged parallel to the radial direction from the center of the tool plate
Clay adheres to the front of the elongated plate surface between the
It is piled up without being excavated by the bit, and it is fixed from the plate surface part.
Until the tip of the constant cutter bit is attached,
ゝ Rotate integrally with the cutter plate
The fixed cutter bit is prevented from cutting into the face,
With the tip of the fixed cutter bit in contact with the facet,
The cutter plate idles and can not excavate the clay layer
However, fix the movable cutter bit against the surface of the cutter plate.
The tip of the constant cutter bit can project forward
So, let this movable cutter bit plunge into the face.
The movable cutter by rotating the cutter plate
Tabit allows the clay layer on the face to be the cutter plate on the groove wall.
It is possible to form an uneven groove that bulges toward
The bulging groove wall is scratched by the tip cutting edge of the fixed cutter bit.
It can be excavated by taking
It enables a smooth tunnel excavation in the ground.
is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical sectional side view of a shield excavator,

FIG. 2 is a front view of a cutter plate,

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view of a cutter bit portion,

FIG. 4 is a front view thereof,

FIG. 5 is a plan view thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Shield excavator 3 Cutter plate 5 Intake slit 6 Fixed cutter bit 7 Movable cutter bit

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plate surface of a cutter plate in a radial direction from a central portion.
Elongated excavated soil intake slits parallel to each other
And both edges of the elongated plate surface between these slits
Cut obtained by projecting the fixed cutter bits in a plurality of along
For the cutter plate, the circle from the fixed cutter bit to the cutter plate
Appearance in and out of the plate surface part that has an appropriate space in the circumferential direction
The movable cutter bits for free clay layer ground disturbance excavation are arranged at appropriate intervals in the radial direction of the cutter plate, and the movable cutter bits can be projected from the front surface of the cutter plate by more than the protruding length of the fixed cutter bit. A cutter plate for a shield excavator, which is characterized in that