JP2509317Y2 - Machine tool safety guard - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a safety guard for a machine tool, and in particular, a pallet loading / unloading stage of an automatic pallet changing device (pallet table magazine) attached to the machine tool during pallet transport operation of the magazine. It relates to a safety guard for shielding from the surroundings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, regulations on safety have become strict especially in machine tools, and many machine tools are provided with a safety guard to shield a working part from the surroundings during automatic operation of the machine.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a conventional safety guard in a pallet table magazine of a machine tool. In the figure, on the front surface of the machine tool body 1, a pallet table magazine 2 is attached, which allows a plurality of pallet tables to circulate in a horizontal posture along a fixed rotation path.
A pallet (not shown) on which the workpiece is preliminarily prepared and placed is set on the plurality of tables 4 of this magazine, and the pallet is automatically exchanged with the machine tool body 1.

The work of loading and unloading the pallet on which the workpiece is placed in the pallet table magazine 2 is carried out by the pallet loading / unloading stage 3 set on the upper surface of the magazine.
In step 1, the worker attaches / removes the pallet to / from the magazine table 4.

In this case, since it is dangerous while the magazine table 4 is moving, the periphery of the working stage 3 is shielded by the safety guard doors 5 on the front, rear, and side surfaces. 5 can be manually opened and closed horizontally by a handle 6 in a double door type. The pallet table magazine 2 is provided with an emergency stop switch 7.

In the machine tool constructed as described above, when the work piece is carried into the machine tool body 1, the operator first opens the safety guard door 5 and sets the pallet in which the work piece is preliminarily set in the magazine 2. Set on table 4. Then, after closing all the safety guard doors 5, the magazine 2 is operated, and the table 4 is automatically operated.
The upper pallet is taken into the machine tool body 1 and the workpiece is sent to a predetermined position of the machine tool body 1.

On the other hand, when the pallet on which the workpiece is placed is sent to the machine tool main body 1, the magazine table 4 that has carried the pallet is emptied, but the empty table 4 is machined from the machine tool side. The pallet on which the finished work is placed is delivered, and this passes through the reverse path and returns to the loading / unloading work stage 3 side surrounded by the safety guard door 5 of the pallet table magazine 2 so that the worker can open the safety guard door 5. It can be opened and carried out.

In this way, since the operation of the pallet table magazine 2 is performed with the safety guard door 5 closed, the operator rolls his or her hand into the pallet table magazine 2 when setting or removing the pallet on the table 4. It does not come out and the work is safe.

[0009]

In the safety guard of the conventional machine tool constructed as described above, when the workpiece is set up on the pallet and set on the magazine table 4 of the pallet table magazine 2, and When taking out the pallet on which the processed workpiece is placed, it is necessary to open the safety guard door 5 in a double-door type, so it is safe around the pallet loading / unloading stage of the pallet table magazine 2. There is a disadvantage that a space for opening the guard door 5 is necessary and the area occupied by the machine tool is large.

If the safety guard door 5 is made to be a sliding door type in order to solve this disadvantage, the surrounding space becomes smaller, but in the case of a sliding door, the opening area becomes smaller by the amount of the door pocket, so that the pallet on which the workpiece is placed is There is a disadvantage that workability when setting on the table or removing it is deteriorated.

The present invention solves the above disadvantages of the prior art, does not require a large occupied space around, and does not impair the workability such as setting the pallet on the magazine table, and has a simple structure. It is intended to provide a safety guard for a machine tool that is easy to operate manually and light at the same time, and yet to be able to take electrical safety measures with the pallet transfer operation of the automatic pallet changer. To aim.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following features.

The safety of the machine tool according to the invention as defined in claim 1
All guards are connected to the automatic pallet attached to the machine tool body.
Front and side of the pallet loading / unloading work stage
An integral guard pad that surrounds at least part of each end of the part
Flannel and both placed on both sides of the side part of the guard panel
The end bearing part and the both end bearing parts are vertically penetrated through
The guide shafts on both sides of the vertical direction.
Pull down the guard panel manually when replacing
In the machine tool safety guard,
On the end surface of the front side of the panel
The front guide shaft that is fixedly installed and the front guide shaft
Front bearing part that is passed through and placed in the front part of the stage
And the guard placed on the front of the stage
Energize the lower part of the panel upwards,
A hoisting type weight balancer device for reducing the weight load,
Placed on the end face of the front side of the guard panel on the stage side
When the guard panel is raised,
The fixed stopper located on the front of the
The movable notch that prevents the guard panel from descending, and the guard
The movable notch is placed on the guard panel to move up
Mechanical switch with a push button for manually releasing the holding state
It is characterized by having a topper.

Safety of the working machine according to the invention as defined in claim 2.
The guard is a safety guard for a machine tool according to claim 1.
In the pallet transfer operation of the automatic pallet changer
Of the interlock between the work and the ascending / descending movement of the guard panel
Is placed on the stage for the guard panel
Contact with the actuator placed on the end face of the stage
Actuated by a limiter that detects the position of the guard panel.
With a power switch.

[0015]

In the present invention, during the pallet conveying operation of the automatic pallet changing device, the guard panel is set in the raised position to shield the pallet loading / unloading work stage from the surroundings to ensure safety. When carrying in and out the pallet on the work stage, the guard panel is set to the lowered position, and the upper edge of the guard panel is lowered to a lower level below the work stage. The vertical movement of the guard panel is achieved by balancing the self-weight of the guard panel with a mass balancer device such as a spring to reduce the weight, and the guard panel can be manually moved up and down.

The large-sized guard panel that surrounds the entire front surface and at least a part of both side surfaces of the stage is constrained in the left-right direction by the front guide shaft and the front bearing portion in addition to the usual both end portions. . Here, since the front guide shaft and the front bearing have a relationship opposite to the bearing structure (both ends bearing and both ends guide shaft) of both ends of the guard panel, the guide shaft does not move when the guard panel is pulled down. Do not project upward from the stage.

Further, also in the weight balancer, since the lower part of the guard panel is lifted up to almost the stage height (at the time of interruption), similarly, when the guard panel is pulled down, it does not project upward from the stage.

The center of gravity of the large-sized guard panel surrounding the entire front surface and at least a part of both side surfaces is biased toward the front side, but the weight balancer device biases the front portion of the guard panel upward. The torsional force due to the deviation of the center of gravity of the guard panel hardly acts on the bearing structure at both ends (both bearings and both guide shafts).

Therefore, it is sufficient for the guard panel used here to have low strength and rigidity with respect to lateral deformation, and it is also sufficient for the bearing portions at both ends and the guide shafts at both ends to have a light load capacity.

The guard panel which has reached the raised position is securely locked in the raised position by a manually releasable stopper such as a movable notch. The limit switch detects the rising and falling end positions of the guard panel, and the detection signal is used to interlock the operation of the automatic pallet changer. This prevents the automatic pallet changing device from performing the pallet conveying operation when the guard panel does not block the pallet loading / unloading work stage.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1-4, 7 are exactly the same as the conventional example shown in FIG. Reference numeral 5a is a safety guard composed of a U-shaped panel. The safety guard 5a is a three-sided front surface, a side surface, and a rear surface of the pallet loading / unloading stage 3 of the pallet table magazine 2 provided on the side surface of the machine tool body 1. Is integrally formed to surround the.

As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, the side view of FIG. 3, and the front view of FIG. 4 viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2, respectively, the pallet table magazine 2 near the machine tool main body column. A pair of guide rods 9 mounted vertically on the base portion are slidably combined with a bearing portion 10 mounted on the safety guard 5a side to form guide portions 8 at both ends. A guide rod 12 vertically mounted at an intermediate portion of the cord 5a is slidably combined with a bearing portion 13 mounted on the bullet table magazine 2 side to form an intermediate guide portion 11. The safety guard 5a can be smoothly moved up and down by these two guide portions.

Further, a spring balancer (conston) 14 attached to the pallet table magazine 2 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is connected to the safety guard 5a, whereby the safety guard 5a is connected. An upward spring force substantially corresponding to its own weight is always applied to the door 5a, and most of its own weight is canceled when the safety guard 5a is raised.

Reference numeral 15 is a mechanical stopper, and as shown in detail in FIG. 5, a fixed stopper 16 attached to the side surface of the pallet table magazine 2 and a seesaw-like pivotal attachment to the inner surface of the safety guard 5a. The lower end is the stopper 1
6 and the movable notch 18 that makes it impossible to lower the safety guard 5a by interfering with the safety guard 5a.
6, a spring 17 that elastically urges the lower surface of the movable notch 18 to interfere with the upper surface of the stopper 16, and the upper end of the movable notch 18 is pressed from the outside of the safety guard 5a against the spring 17 to rotate. Release push button 1 for moving
It consists of 9.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a limit switch mounted at a predetermined height position on the vertical surface of the pallet table magazine 2. As shown in detail in FIG. 6, a limit switch 20 and an actuator 21 mounted at the lower end of the safety guard 5a are provided. It is operated by contact to interlock the operation of the magazine 2 and the safety guard 5a.

Now, in such a configuration, the safety guard 5a is in the raised position as shown in FIG. 1 except when carrying out the pallet loading / unloading operation with respect to the magazine table 4 of the table magazine 2. The stop 15 and the limit switch 20 are also in the operating position as shown in FIGS.

After the workpiece is mounted on the pallet at a predetermined position and direction outside the machine tool and set up, the pallet is loaded and set on the table 4 by the pallet loading / unloading work stage 3 of the table magazine 2. At this time, first, the push button 19 of the mechanical stopper 15 is pushed to rotate the movable notch 18 to release the engagement between the movable notch 18 and the stopper 16, and then the grip 6 lowers the safety guard 5a.

At this time, the actuator 21 is separated from the limit switch 20, the limit switch 20 is turned off, and an interlock signal for instructing the table transfer prohibition of the pallet magazine 2 is sent to the control device (not shown). By this lowering operation of the safety guard 5a, the upper edge of the safety guard 5a is lowered below the pallet loading / unloading work stage surface of the pallet table magazine 2 and the stage 3 appears.

Therefore, the pallet on which the workpieces that have already been set up are placed is mounted on the stage 3 by the magazine table 4.
Set to and load it into the device. On the other hand, when a pallet, on which the processed workpiece is placed from the machine tool side, is placed on another table 4 from the machine tool side on the stage of the magazine 2, on the contrary, it is unloaded from the apparatus.

When the above-mentioned carrying-in or carrying-out work is completed, the operator manually raises the safety guard 5a with the handle 6. When raising the safety guard 5a, the safety guard 5a is smoothly moved and guided by the guide portions 8 and 11, and the spring balancer 14 cancels most of the weight of the safety guard 5a by its spring force. A manual raising operation of the guard 5a can be performed lightly and easily.

When the safety guard 5a is raised, the movable notch 18 of the mechanical stopper 15 interferes with the stopper 16 from below immediately before reaching the rising end, whereby the movable notch 1 is moved.
8 rotates against the spring 17 and passes while sliding on the surface of the stopper 16. At the same time when the safety guard 5a reaches the rising end, the movable notch 18 rides over the stopper 16, the movable notch 18 is returned by the spring 17 and its lower end projects, and the lower surface of the movable notch 18 engages with the upper surface of the stopper 16. . Therefore, safety guard 5
The mechanical stopper 15 prevents the lowering of a, and the a can be held in the raised position even when the hand is released.

On the other hand, when the safety guard 5a reaches the rising end, the actuator 21 attached to the safety guard 5a comes into contact with the limit switch 20 to turn on the limit switch 20 and release the interlock signal for prohibiting conveyance of the magazine table 4. To do. By releasing this interlock signal, the table 4 can be conveyed into the magazine for automatic exchange with the machine tool body 1 by the conveying operation of the pallet table magazine 2.

In this way, the magazine table 4 can be transported and moved only when the safety guard 5a is raised and surrounds the periphery of the pallet loading / unloading work stage, and safety can be ensured.

In the above embodiment, the case where the pallet loading / unloading work table 3 of the pallet table magazine 2 is surrounded by the safety guards 5a in three directions has been described, but as shown in FIG. Is a fixed guard 5d, which is a flat-shaped safety guard 5b, 5 which can be individually moved up and down in two directions of a front surface and a rear surface.
You may make it provide c.

That is, by providing the movable safety guards 5b and 5c respectively on the front and rear surfaces of the work stage of the pallet table magazine 2, it is possible to reduce the weight of the safety guard that can be manually moved up and down at one time. It is also possible to move the safety guard up and down only for the necessary parts separately for the pallet loading and unloading operations.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the safety guard that moves up and down along the guide portion is provided around the pallet loading / unloading work stage in the automatic pallet changing device of the machine tool, it is a double-door type. There is no need for extra space around the safety guard like open / close type or sliding door type safety guards, the machine floor area can be reduced and the surrounding floor can be effectively used, and the structure is simple, therefore It is possible to provide a safety guard with few failures.

Further, since the safety guard is balanced by the mass balancer, the vertical movement of the safety guard can be performed lightly and the operation is easy.

Further, safety guards may be provided on a plurality of surfaces around the pallet loading / unloading work stage so as to be integrated. In this case, the safety guards on the surfaces in a plurality of directions can be opened and closed at once, thus improving workability. be able to.

It is also possible to provide a vertically movable safety guard on a plurality of surfaces of the pallet loading / unloading work stage so as to be vertically movable independently. In this case, the weight of the safety guard operated at one time is reduced. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an essential part showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a main part showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view corresponding to the direction of arrow A in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial side view showing details of a mechanical stopper.

FIG. 6 is a side view of most of the details of the limit switch portion.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an essential part showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a main part showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Machine tool body 2: Pallet table magazine 3: Pallet loading / unloading work stage 4: Magazine table 5a-5c: Safety guard 6: Handle 8, 11: Guide part 14: Spring balancer 15: Mechanical stopper 16: Fixed stopper 17 : Spring 18: Movable notch 19: Push button 20: Limit switch

Claims (2)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An integrated guard panel surrounding the entire front surface and at least a part of both ends of a side surface portion of a pallet loading / unloading work stage of an automatic pallet changer attached to a machine tool body, and a side surface portion of the guard panel. It has both-end bearing portions arranged at both ends and both-side guide shafts vertically extending through the both-end bearing portions and arranged on the stage side, and the guard panel is manually pulled down when the pallet is replaced. In the safety guard of the machine tool as described above, a front guide shaft fixedly arranged on the end face of the front part of the guard panel on the stage side, and the stage by penetrating the front guide shaft. and the front bearing portion and <br/> disposed on the front portion of the, is disposed on the front part of the stage, to urge the lower portion of the guard panel upwards, the weight negative of said guard panel And weight balancer of the hoisting formula to reduce, to the end surface of the stage side of the front portion of said guard panel
Are arranged in the raised position of said guard panel, wherein
Engages with a fixed stopper located on the front of the stage
The movable notch that prevents the guard panel from descending
It is placed on the guard panel and the movable notch is rotated to
A machine having a push button for manually releasing the holding state in the raised position
A machine tool safety guard characterized by having a mechanical stopper . 2. The guard panel disposed on the stage for interlocking the pallet conveying operation of the automatic pallet changing device and the ascending / descending operation of the guard panel.
With the actuator arranged on the end face of the stage side of the
The safety guard for a machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a limit switch that is activated by contact to detect the position of the guard panel.