JP2508829Y2 - Reflective mirror device for coordinate reading - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a reflecting mirror device used in a measuring device that obtains coordinate values of a measuring point using a rangefinder.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, the coordinate value of the measurement point P ₃ is obtained as follows. As shown in FIG. 20, the distance measuring and angle-adjusting device a is installed horizontally on the surveying reference point P ₀ , and the pole c having the prism type reflecting mirror b mounted on the measuring point P ₃ is made vertical. Place it. A bubble tube d is attached to the pole c, and an operator holds the pole c in a vertical state by looking at the bubble tube d. In this state, light is emitted from the distance measuring gantry a and reflected by the reflecting mirror b, and the distance S from the distance measuring horn a to the reflecting mirror b is measured by the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal. Find with square horn a Next, the horizontal angle and the zenith angle θ of the reflecting mirror b are measured by this distance measuring and angle measuring device a.
_{Find z} (or altitude angle). Then, the coordinate value of the reflecting mirror is obtained from the distance S and the horizontal angle and the zenith angle θ _z (or the altitude angle), and the height Ph is subtracted to calculate the coordinate value of the measurement point P ₃ .

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) According to the above-described conventional surveying method and the reflecting mirror device used for coordinate reading, the pole c is measured at the measuring point P ₃ before the surveying.
Must be stood vertically, and when using three legs instead of pole c, the leveling table above them must be leveled. Also, every time the measuring point P ₃ changes, the height Ph of the reflecting mirror b must be input for coordinate reading. Also, in order to ensure that the light emitted from the rangefinder is reaching the reflector, it is necessary to collimate the reflector and aim the rangefinder accurately at the reflector. In the case of light, since the position of the virtual reflecting surface is deviated to the rear by a considerable distance with respect to the position of the front opening on which the light is incident, a collimation index is provided at the front opening to collimate the collimation index. Then, it is good when the reflecting mirror and the range finder are facing each other, but when they are not facing each other, there is a problem that the reflecting mirror is not exactly collimated.
The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides light emitted from a distance measuring and measuring instrument on a straight line passing through a measuring point and at a predetermined distance from the measuring point. From the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal, the distance to the two points is obtained, and from the distance and the horizontal angle and zenith angle or altitude angle of the two points obtained by the rangefinder. A reflecting mirror device used in a measuring device for obtaining coordinate values of each of the two points and for obtaining coordinate values of a measuring point from the coordinate values of the two points, wherein the light emitted from the rangefinder is A sheet-shaped reflecting mirror for reflecting at points is arranged on the support member, and a collimation index for collimating the reflecting mirror is displayed. It is preferable that the reflecting mirror is supported on two points of the supporting member via a horizontal support shaft and is swingable so that its inclination can be adjusted or inverted. Instead of being able to invert the reflecting mirror, a light blocking member for blocking the light incident on the reflecting mirror may be provided, or one reflecting mirror is movably arranged on the supporting member and held at the two points. You may allow it.

(Operation) A reflecting mirror device, in which a reflecting mirror that reflects the light emitted from the distance measuring and angle measuring device is reflected at the two points, is set up at the measuring point at an arbitrary angle. The light emitted from the rangefinder is reflected by this reflector, and the distance from the rangefinder to the reflector is calculated from the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal. From the horizontal angle and the zenith angle or the altitude angle of the reflector obtained by a square gyro, the coordinate values of the two points (x ₁ , y ₁ , z ₁ ) (x ₂ , y ₂ ,
z ₂ ) is calculated. The coordinate values (x ₁ , y ₁ , z ₁ ) of these two points (x ₂ ,
y ₂ , z ₂ ) and the distance k ₁ (constant) between two points set to a predetermined value
And the distance between the measuring point and the above-mentioned one point (coordinate values x ₂ , y ₂ , z ₂ ) k ₂ (constant) is substituted into the following equation, the coordinate value of measuring point P ₃ (x ₃ , y ₃ ,
z ₃ ) is obtained.

Further, the position of the surface of the sheet-shaped reflecting mirror attached so that the virtual reflecting surface is located on the central axis of the support member substantially coincides with the position of the virtual reflecting surface. Even if the quasi-index is displayed, the measurement point position where the support member is set can be accurately obtained by collimating the collimation index.

In the formula (1), K ₂ has a sign of + when the measuring point is at the outer dividing point with respect to the two reflecting mirrors, and has a − sign when the measuring point is at the inner dividing point.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a measuring method using the school plan mirror device.

In the figure, 1 is a measurement reference point P ₀ (coordinate values x ₀ , y ₀ ,
A coordinate-reading distance-measuring and measuring rig 2 which is horizontally aligned and arranged at z ₀ ) is a reflecting mirror device which stands at the measuring point P ₃ at an arbitrary angle.

The reflecting mirror device 2 includes a pole 16 and a frame body 12 connected to the pole 16, and the sheet prisms 3A and 4A are rotatably held in the frame body 12. The distance between the predetermined positions P ₁ and P ₂ is a predetermined value k ₁ (constant), and the distance between the predetermined positions P ₂ measurement points P ₃ is a predetermined value k ₂ (constant). The sheet prism 3A, a virtual reflecting surface of the 4A lies on the axis of the pole 2, and the predetermined position P ₁
The coordinate values of two points on the axis corresponding to P ₂ are P ₁ (x ₁ ,
y ₁ , z ₁ ) P ₂ (x ₂ , y ₂ , z ₂ ).

The distance measuring and angle measuring instrument 1 of the measuring device emits light toward the reflecting prisms 3 and 4, and obtains the distances S ₁ and S ₂ to the sheet prisms 3A and 4A from the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal, Further, it is a well-known one for obtaining the horizontal angle and the zenith angles θz ₁ , θz ₂ or the altitude angle of the sheet prisms 3A, 4A.

As shown in FIG. 2, a measuring device using this distance measuring and measuring instrument includes a distance measuring unit 5, a horizontal angle measuring unit 6, and a zenith angle measuring unit 7.
And an arithmetic processing unit 8, a display unit 9, a keyboard 43 and an external data output unit 44.

The measurement method using the measuring device shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 3. First, the distance values k ₁ and k ₂ are input to the device, and (step) the machine height Mh of the device is input. (Step). Then, the distance measuring unit 5, a distance in the horizontal angle measuring unit 6 and the zenith angle measuring unit 7 to the position P ₁ S ₁ and the position P ₁
Horizontal angle theta _H1 and zenith angle theta _Z1 of sequentially measuring the horizontal angle theta _H2 and zenith angle theta _Z2 distance S ₂ between the position P ₂ to the position P ₂ (step and). Next, in the arithmetic processing unit 8, the measured position P ₁
Distance S ₁ and its horizontal angle theta _H1 and zenith angle theta _Z1, position P ₂ a distance S ₂ and assignment to the position P ₁ coordinate its horizontal angle theta _H2 and zenith angle theta _Z2 the following equations (x ₁ , Y ₁ , z ₁ ) and the coordinates (x ₂ , y ₂ , z ₂ ) of the position P ₂ are obtained.

However, xn, yn, and zn are x-axis coordinate values x ₁ or P ₁ or P ₂ of the position P ₁ or P _2.
x ₂ , y-axis coordinate value y ₁ or y ₂ , z-axis coordinate value z ₁ or z ₂ S _n is the distance to position P ₁ or P ₂ S ₁ or S ₂ θ _Z is the zenith of position P ₁ or P ₂ Angle θ _Z1 or θ _Z2 θ _H is the horizontal angle of position P ₁ or P ₂ θ _H1 or θ _H2 Mh is the machine height Note that the coordinate system can be any system and the origin of the coordinates of that system is x ₀ , y ₀ and z ₀ .

Next, the coordinate values of the positions P ₁ and P ₂ are substituted into the equation (1) to obtain the coordinates (x ₃ , y ₃ , z ₃ ) of the measuring point P ₃ (step).

The arithmetic processing unit 8 is composed of a CPU and includes a memory (not shown) in which the equations (1) and (2) are stored, and the coordinate value of the input measurement reference point (x ₀ , y ₀ , z ₀ ), distance values k ₁ , k ₂ and machine height Mh are stored. These are input from the keyboard 43.

The coordinate value of the measured point P ₃ thus obtained is displayed on the display unit 9 and is also output as external data and stored in a data collector (not shown) (step). When the measuring point P ₃ is changed (step), the procedure returns to the step again, and the coordinate value of the measuring point P ₃ is obtained again. When the measurement reference point P ₀ is moved (step), the process returns to the step and the coordinate value of the measurement point P ₃ is obtained again.

FIG. 4 shows the details of the reflecting mirror device 2.
In the sheet prisms 3A and 4A, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the surface of the sheet 17 made of acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, or the like is continuously formed with a formation surface composed of the same three orthogonal surfaces as the corner cube (reflection prism). And a reflective film layer 19 such as, for example, an aluminum vapor-deposited film layer, is formed on the formation surface.
However, a transparent resin layer 18 is further formed thereon, and an adhesive layer 20 is formed on the back surface of the sheet 17.
According to the structure of the sheet prisms 3A and 4A, the structure is the same as the structure in which the corner cubes are continuously arranged, so that the incident light can be reflected in the original direction.

The sheet prisms 3A and 4A may be integrated with glass beads 21 dispersed on the aluminum vapor deposition surface 22 as shown in FIG.

The sheet prisms 3A and 4A are attached to plates 10 and 11, respectively, as shown in FIG. 4, and the plates 10 and 11 are supported by horizontal support shafts 13 and 14 supported by a frame body 12 to rotate. , Its inclination can be adjusted. 42 is a cross-shaped collimation index used for collimation. Frame 12
A pole 16 having a ridge 15 is attached below the.

The virtual reflecting surfaces of the sheet prisms 3A and 4A are aligned with the center of rotation and the central axis of the pole.

The distance between the sheet prisms 3A and 4A is set to be a separation distance so that light directed from one of the distance measuring and measuring instruments to one of the sheet prisms 3A or 4A does not enter the other of the sheet prisms 4A or 3A.
It is necessary to determine this separation distance in consideration of the spread of the transmitted light of the rangefinder. For example, the sheet prisms 3A and 4A have 10
1m when used for distance measurement within 0m. When the sheet prisms 3A and 4A are configured to be able to rotate 180 degrees around the horizontal support shafts 13 and 14 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, one of the sheet prisms 3A and 4A is used. The sheet prism 4A on the other side
Or, if the plate 10 or 11 with 3A attached is inverted, the light directed to one of the sheet prisms 3A or 4A will not enter the other sheet prism 4A or 3A, so that between the sheet prisms 3A and 4A. The distance can be shortened and the size becomes smaller. In FIGS. 8 and 9, 23 is a horizontal support shaft 13,
The rotary knob 14 is fixed to one end of the rotary shaft, 24 is a rear opening formed in the frame 12, and 42 is an index provided on the front of the frame 12 and the plates 10 and 11.

 FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention.

Inside the frame body 12, there is a back opening 24 spaced apart by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction, and the plate 10 facing the back opening 24,
The frame 11 is rotatably supported by the frame 12 around the horizontal support shafts 13 and 14 via the horizontal support shafts 13 and 14. This plate 10, 11
A cylindrical frame portion 25 is formed in the cylindrical frame portion 25, and the sheet prisms 3A and 4A are adhered in the cylindrical frame portion 25, and a cap 26 that can be attached to the cylindrical frame portion 25 is attached to the center of the frame body 12 by a chain 27. Connected by.

According to the configuration of this embodiment, when the coordinate value of the sheet prism 3A is obtained, the lower prismatic frame 25 is covered with the cap 26 to close the sheet prism 4A, and the light emitted from the rangefinder 1 is detected. When the coordinate values of the lower sheet prism 4A are to be obtained so that the light is incident only on the sheet prism 3A, the upper cylindrical frame 25 is covered with the cap 26 to close the sheet prism 3A.

11 and 12 show a fourth example of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention.

In this embodiment, a shutter 27 is used instead of the cap 26 of the above embodiment. The shutter 27 has a slide groove 28 whose side edges are formed inside both side walls of the frame body 12.
The sheet prisms 3A and 4A can be selectively closed by sliding the front surfaces of the two sheet prisms 3A and 4A by engaging with and operating the operation knob 29. A leaf spring (not shown) is provided on a side edge portion of the shutter 27, a click stop groove 30 is formed at a predetermined position of the slide groove 28, and the leaf spring engages with the clip stop groove 30. Shutter 27 is sheet prism 3A, 4A
Is stopped at the position where it was blocked and is held at that position.

Both the sheet prisms 3A and 4A are attached to the plates 10 and 11, and the plates 10 and 11 are attached to the rotary shaft 13 and
It can be rotated by the knob 23 at the end of 14.

An index 42 for collimation is provided on the front surface of the frame 12 and the plates 13 and 14.
Is provided.

13 and 14 show a fifth embodiment of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention.

In this example, the shutter 27 that engages with the slide groove 28 is connected to a belt 32 stretched around two pulleys 31, and by driving the belt 32 with a motor 33, the two sheet prisms 3A and 4A are selectively selected. It is possible to close it. In 34, the shutter 27 is at a predetermined position (sheet prism 3A
Alternatively, it is a micro switch that is actuated by the contact of the actuator 35 provided on the shutter 27 and stops the motor 33 when it reaches the position (4A closing position). On the back side, a control panel device (not shown) in which a switch for rotating the motor 33 to the left and right and a power switch are arranged is provided. These are constructed and operated by conventionally known techniques. Further, the plates 10 and 11 to which the seal prisms 3A and 4A are attached respectively include shafts 13 and 14 which can be rotated by a knob 23.

FIG. 15 shows a sixth embodiment of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention. The plate 10A is slidable by engaging with slide grooves 28 formed on both side walls of the rectangular frame 12.
A sheet prism 3A is attached to the surface of this plate 10A. A click stop groove 30 is formed on the slide groove 28, and a click stop groove 3 is formed on the side edge of the plate 10A.
A plate spring (not shown) that can be engaged with 0 is provided, and the plate spring 10A that is moved by the grip 36 when the plate spring engages with the click stop groove 30 stops and holds at a position corresponding to the above two points. It is supposed to be done.

The sheet prism 3A is a direct plate as shown in FIG.
Instead of sticking to 10A, it is stuck to the sheet prism plate 45 as shown in FIG. 16, the rotary shaft 13 is provided on this, and the bearing is provided on the plate 10A so that it can be rotated and tilted to an appropriate position. It may be (seventh embodiment).

FIG. 17 shows an eighth embodiment of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention. A permanent magnet 37 is embedded in the front of the rectangular frame 12, and a sheet prism 3A is attached to the surface of a metal plate 10B that can be attracted to the permanent magnet 37. This plate 10B
Are stoppers at both ends of the frame 12 corresponding to the above two points.
It is positioned by 38 and held by the permanent magnet 37.

In FIG. 17, the sheet prism 3A cannot rotate, but as shown in FIG. 18, the sheet prism 3A is attached to the sheet prism plate 45, the rotary shaft 13 is provided on the sheet prism plate 45, and a bearing is provided on the plate 10B. If provided, the sheet prism 3A can be rotated. The frame 12 and the plate 10B are provided with holes through which the sheet prism 3A can rotate (the embodiment of FIG. 9).

In the above embodiment, the sheet prism 3A, although 4A is a measuring point measurement of outer equinox provided on the same side with respect to measurement point P ₃ neither, as the nineteenth shown, measurement point P ₃ Can be placed on both sides. In this case, (1)
It is assumed that k _{2 in the} equation has a − sign.

Plate with sheet prisms 3A and 4A attached
10 and 11 are tiltably provided at one end of a pole 16 arranged in a straight line, and the other end of the pole 16 is a mounting member.
Connected to 39, the mounting member 39 is attached to the measuring structure 41 by means of a clamp screw 40.

The reflecting mirror device of the present invention obtains the coordinate values of each of the two points from the distance from the rangefinder to the two points, the horizontal angle and the altitude angle of the two points, and then obtains the coordinate values of the point. Of course, it can be applied to the required measuring device. Zenith angle θ
_{When the} altitude angles θ ′ _Z1 and θ ′ _Z2 are measured instead of _Z1 and θ _Z2 , the relationship between the zenith angle and the altitude angle is θ ′ _Z1 = π / 2−θ _Z1 ,
Since θ ′ _Z2 = π / 2−θ _Z2 , the altitude angles θ ′ _Z1 and θ ′ _Z2
Is converted to zenith angles θ _Z1 and θ _Z2 , and this zenith angle θ _Z1 = π / 2−
Substituting θ ′ _Z1 and θ _Z2 = π / 2−θ ′ _Z2 into the equation (2).

(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. It is not necessary to stand a pole with a reflector vertically at the measuring point, and it is not necessary to vertically extend the pole, so measurement work is easy, and even in places where it is difficult to measure with conventional things such as steep slopes and walls. The coordinate value of the measuring point can be easily obtained. Further, since the present invention uses a sheet-shaped reflecting mirror such as a sheet prism, the position of the surface of the reflecting mirror and the position of the virtual reflecting surface are substantially the same, and therefore the position of the virtual reflecting surface can be easily and accurately determined. Can be collimated. Further, according to the inventions of claims 3 to 8, the above-mentioned effects can be obtained, and at the same time, the size can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a measuring method using the reflecting mirror device of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a measuring device used for carrying out the measuring method, FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the measuring method, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a plan view and a sectional view of an essential part of an example of the sheet prism, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of an essential part of another embodiment of the sheet prism.
FIGS. 9 and 10 are a plan view and a sectional view of another embodiment of the reflector apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the reflector apparatus of the present invention, FIGS. 13 and 14 are plan and sectional views of the fourth and fifth embodiments of the reflecting device of the present invention, and FIGS. 15 and 16 are sixth and seventh of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention. 17 is a sectional view of an eighth and ninth embodiment of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention, and FIG. 19 is a front view of a tenth embodiment of the reflecting mirror device of the present invention. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional surveying method. 1 ... Distance measuring and measuring device of measurement device 2 ... Reflector device 3, 4 ... Glass reflection prism 3A, 4A ... Sheet prism 10,10A, 10B ... Plate 11, 11A ... Plate 12 ... Frame 13,14 …… Horizontal spindle 16 …… Pole 26 …… Cap 27 …… Shutter 28 …… Slide groove

Claims (8)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A light emitted from a distance measuring and angle measuring device is reflected at two points which are on a straight line passing through a measuring point and is separated from the measuring point by a predetermined distance, and the light is emitted from a phase difference between a received signal and a reference signal. The distance to the point is calculated, the coordinate values of the two points are calculated from the distance and the horizontal angle and the zenith angle or the altitude angle of the two points calculated by the distance measuring and angle measuring device, and the coordinate value of the two points is calculated. A reflecting mirror device used in a measuring device that obtains coordinate values of a measuring point from a sheet-like reflecting mirror that reflects the light emitted from the distance measuring and angle measuring device at the two points. At the same time, a collimation index reflecting device for collimating the reflecting mirror is displayed. 2. The reflection for coordinate reading according to claim 1, wherein said reflecting mirror is supported by two points of said supporting member via a horizontal support shaft, and is swingable to adjust its inclination. Mirror device. 3. The coordinate reading reflecting mirror device according to claim 2, wherein said reflecting mirror is supported by said supporting member via a horizontal support shaft and can be inverted. 4. The reflection mirror for coordinate reading according to claim 1, wherein the reflection mirror is provided at two points on the support member, and is provided with a light shielding member that shields light incident on the reflection mirror. apparatus. 5. The coordinate reading reflecting mirror device according to claim 4, wherein the light shielding member is a cap that covers the reflecting mirror. 6. The coordinate reading reflecting mirror device according to claim 4, wherein the light shielding member is a shutter which is guided by the supporting member and slides on the front surfaces of the two reflecting mirrors. 7. The coordinate reading reflecting mirror device according to claim 1, wherein said reflecting mirror is movably arranged on said supporting member and can be held at said two points. 8. The coordinate reading reflecting mirror device according to claim 7, wherein said reflecting mirror is held by being attracted to said two points by a magnet.