JP4783892B2 - Method for measuring position of reflector for surveying and reflector mounting tool - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method capable of measuring the three-dimensional position of a reflector (reflector) for distance measurement angle installed at a reference point (collimation point) with extremely high accuracy, and to reliably provide the reflector. The center of the mirror does not shift during measurement, and even if the reflector is not directly facing the observation position, the reflector position can be measured very accurately, and highly accurate spatial position coordinates can be determined. The present invention relates to a reflector mounting fixture that can be used.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The light wave distance meter / transit (total station) is a surveying instrument for observing the distance and angle to the target point and determining the three-dimensional position (three-dimensional coordinate value) of the target point. Reflective paper and reflectors are used as the target points for collimation, but since the incident angle (θ) when measuring distance is narrow, the total station installation range when collimating to one target point is limited. End up. Therefore. In addition, when simultaneously observing from a plurality of total stations over a wide area, it is necessary to combine a plurality of reference points, which takes time and cost.
[0003]
Moreover, although the spherical reflector having a wide incident angle has a wide distance measuring angle (θ), an error in angle measurement is likely to occur depending on the direction of the reflector, and some problems remain in the angle measuring accuracy.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By devising an instrument for mounting a spherical reflector, the present invention measures the target point observation by the total station quickly and with high accuracy from both the distance measurement angle and the accurate three-dimensional position coordinates of the reflector center position. The value is obtained.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, at least one pair of paired pins whose axial centers are directed toward the center of the reflector are mounted and provided at symmetrical positions across the reflector on the circular outer periphery of the fixture for mounting the spherical reflector as a mark on the inside. In addition, when the observation point is not directly facing the reflector, the angle of the center position of the reflector is obtained by collimating both ends of the pair of pins, and the incident angle depends on the shape of the spherical reflector. (Θ) It is possible to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the reflector center position (target point) at a wide angle of 120 ° or more.
[0006]
That is, first, in the present invention, at least one pair of paired pins whose axial center faces the center of the reflector at a symmetrical position across the reflector on the outer periphery of a short cylindrical body body on which a spherical reflector is mounted. When the three-dimensional position of the reflector center position is detected by the total station, distance measurement is performed by collimating the reflector, and angle measurement is carried out by collimating the tip of the pair of pins. The present invention relates to a method for measuring the position of a surveying reflector performed by obtaining a central angle.
[0007]
Secondly, the present invention has a mortar-shaped top surface on which the back of the hemispherical case constituting the reflecting mirror can be seated on the inner bottom of a short cylindrical main body having an inner diameter that can easily accommodate the spherical reflecting mirror. A support block is fixed, and a plurality of permanent magnets for adsorbing the case made of a magnetized metal are embedded in the upper surface of the block, and the reflecting mirror is located at a symmetrical position across the center of the outer periphery of the main body. The present invention relates to a reflector mounting tool in which at least a pair of paired pins whose axial centers are directed to the center of the reflector when it is seated on the upper surface of the support block are detachably projected.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 and 2 are a plan view and a side view of a fixture according to the present invention, wherein 1 is a short cylindrical main body having a disc-like pedestal portion 3 at the lower end and a constricted portion 2 formed on the lower side, The main body 1, the constricted portion 2, and the pedestal portion 3 are integrally formed of a metal such as aluminum or an alloy thereof by, for example, a die casting method.
[0009]
The main body 1 has an inner diameter that can be easily accommodated by grasping a spherical reflector 16 to be described later, and its outer diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the disk-shaped pedestal portion 3. The depth of the main body 1 is such that the front end of the case portion 19 of the reflecting mirror 16 is slightly exposed to the outside when the back surface of the reflecting mirror 16 is seated as described later.
[0010]
The support block 4 of the reflecting mirror 16 is closely fitted and fixed to the inside of the constricted portion 2 formed concentrically with the main body 1, that is, the inner bottom portion of the main body 1, and the upper surface of the block 4 is A concave portion is formed in a mortar shape so as to receive a part of the spherical back surface of the reflecting mirror 16. Reference numeral 5 denotes at least three strong permanent magnets embedded in the upper surface of the mortar-shaped block 4, and the magnets 5 are provided at equal distances from the center of the block 4 and at equal intervals.
[0011]
6 is a small cam for pushing up the reflecting mirror provided between the center position of the upper surface of the block 4 and any one of the permanent magnets 5, and the base end of the cam shaft 7 is located inside the upper surface of the block 4. The cam shaft 7 as a whole passes through a straight groove formed in the upper surface of the block 4, and the tip of the cam shaft 7 is opened from the intermediate portion of one side surface of the main body 1 to the intermediate portion of the side surface of the constricted portion 2 connected thereto. 8, a base of a swivel lever 9 that can swivel within the opening 8 is fixed to the tip, and a mortar-like shape is formed by inserting a finger into the opening 8 from outside and turning the lever 9. The cam 6 located on the inner side of the upper surface of the block 4 can be eccentrically rotated to protrude outward. In the drawing, a coil spring 10 is attached to the proximal end or the distal end portion of the cam shaft 7, and the lever 9 is laid down and the cam 6 is urged to enter the inside of the block 4 upper surface. The cam 6 can be protruded on the upper surface of the block 4 by turning in the upright direction against 10.
[0012]
Reference numeral 11 denotes at least one pair of probe-like angle observation pins detachably projecting from the outer periphery of the main body 1. The pair of pins 11 are provided symmetrically with respect to the center of the main body 1. (In the figure, there are two pairs, a total of four pins), and the axes of the pins 11a to 11d are directed to the center of the reflecting mirror 16 mounted in the main body 1, in other words, they are opposed to each other. The center of the length from one tip of the pin 11 to the other tip is coincident with the center of the body body 1, and a total of two pairs of pins 11a-11b and 11c− which are paired at symmetrical positions. The shaft centers connecting 11d are arranged at positions that are orthogonal to each other. Each pin has the same length and the same shape, and small balls of the same size (small spheres) 12a to 12d are integrally provided at the tip thereof. In addition, the diameter and length of the pin 11 can be changed arbitrarily.
[0013]
Each of the pins 11 is supported and fixed at a base portion thereof by a support body 13, and a leg shaft 14 is formed on the opposite side of the support body 13 so as to protrude from the body body 1. It was inserted into the through-hole 15 opened in the thickness direction at a predetermined location on the outer peripheral surface, and further screwed from the circular front end surface (upper end surface in the figure) of the main body 1 toward the thickness. The tip of the screw 21 is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the leg shaft 14 to prevent the leg shaft 14 from coming out of the through hole 15.
[0014]
The spherical reflector 16 includes, for example, two large and small hemispherical lenses 17 and 18 having different radii and a common center 20, and incident light from the outside is focused by the smaller hemispherical lens 18 to the center. The light is refracted and reflected from the center behind the larger hemispherical lens 17. That is, the reflected light is parallel to the incident light and symmetric with respect to the center. The center point of the rear hemispherical case 19 that supports the two hemispherical lenses 17 and 18 on the inside also coincides with the center 20 of the large and small hemispherical lenses. Therefore, even if the direction of the reflecting mirror 16 is changed, the reflected light is parallel to the incident light. Examples of this type of spherical reflector include a cat's eye type reflector manufactured by Leica, Switzerland.
[0015]
The hemispherical case 19 of the reflecting mirror 16 is made of a magnetized metal such as steel. When the reflecting mirror 16 is mounted in the main body 1, the hemispherical case 19 is grasped by hand. If the back surface is brought into contact with the upper surface of the mortar-shaped block 4 at the inner bottom of the main body 1, it is attracted to the permanent magnet 5 provided on the upper surface of the block 4 and firmly supported and fixed. Note that even if the direction of the reflecting mirror 16 is changed and seated on the upper surface of the block 4, the position of the center point 20 does not change as described above.
[0016]
Further, when the reflecting mirror 16 is taken out from the main body 1, as described above, the finger 9 is pointed through the opening 8 on the side surface of the main body 1, the lever 9 is turned in the upright direction, the cam 6 is rotated, and the upper surface of the block 4 is projected. As a result, the case 19 of the reflecting mirror 16 is pushed up against the attracting force of the magnet 5, and the case 19 is grasped by hand and pulled out.
[0017]
Next, a method for measuring the three-dimensional position of the center position 20 of the reflecting mirror 16 when the spherical reflecting mirror 16 is mounted on the instrument of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0018]
First, the main body 1 equipped with the spherical reflecting mirror 16 as described above is bolted 23 to the observation object using the hole 22 opened in the pedestal portion 3. The pedestal 3 can be attached to various observation objects by changing its shape and structure.
[0019]
Therefore, regardless of the case where the total station 24 is installed at a position facing the reflecting mirror 16, otherwise, the distance measurement is performed by collimating the front hemispherical lens 18, while the angle measurement (horizontal / vertical) is performed. Angle) is a collimated measurement of pins 12a and 12b at the tips of 11a and 11b, for example, as a pair on the outer periphery of the body body 1. If the center angle (horizontal / vertical angle) between the two tip balls 12a and 12b is obtained by calculation, the accurate spatial position coordinate of the center position 20 of the reflecting mirror 16 can be detected.
[0020]
In addition, when it is possible to observe from the other total station 24 'at the same time, the measurement error can be further reduced by performing the distance measuring angle similarly.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is as described above, and it is possible to catch one reflecting mirror from a wide position with an incident angle of 120 ° or more with one total station, and change the position of the total station depending on the direction of the reflecting mirror, or vice versa. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the direction of the reflecting mirrors or increase the number of reflecting mirrors, so that the efficiency of surveying work is greatly improved, and accurate three-dimensional position detection can be performed quickly.
Therefore, if the mounting fixture of the present invention is mounted with a reflecting mirror and installed at a predetermined observation location, for example, the measurement of the rotational position of the VLBI antenna (Cassegrain type parabolic antenna), the measurement of the spatial position, the large structure It is possible to accurately and quickly perform position surveying at predetermined locations, measurement of mountain body displacement and crustal deformation, three-dimensional position measurement of moving objects, and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an instrument for mounting a survey reflector according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a state in which a spherical reflector is attached to a surveying reflector mounting fixture according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the same.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a method for measuring the position of a surveying reflector according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1-Body body 2-Constriction part 3-Base part 4-Reflector support block 5-Permanent magnet 6-Cam 7-Cam shaft 8-Opening part 9-Turning lever 10-Coil spring 11-Angle measuring pin 12- Ball (small sphere)
13-Pin support 14-Leg shaft 15-Through hole 16-Spherical reflector 17-Large hemispherical lens 18-Small hemispherical lens 19-Spherical reflector case 20-Center point 21 of spherical reflector-Stop screw 22-Hole 23 -Bolt 24-Total station 25-Reflector fall prevention support

Claims (5)

Attach at least one pair of paired pins with their axis centered toward the center of the reflector at the symmetrical position across the reflector on the outer circumference of the short cylindrical body with the spherical reflector inside. When detecting the three-dimensional position of the mirror center position, the distance measurement is performed by collimating the reflector, and the angle measurement is performed by collimating each of the tip of the pair of pins to obtain the center angle of both. A method for measuring the position of a surveying reflector, characterized by that. A support block having a mortar-shaped upper surface on which the back of the hemispherical case constituting the reflecting mirror can be seated is fixed to the inner bottom of a short cylindrical container body having an inner diameter that can easily accommodate the spherical reflecting mirror, A plurality of permanent magnets for adsorbing the case made of magnetically adherent metal are embedded on the upper surface of the block, and the reflector is seated on the upper surface of the support block at a symmetrical position across the center of the outer periphery of the main body. A reflector mounting tool, characterized in that at least one pair of pin pins whose axial centers are directed toward the center of the reflector when detachably project. 3. The reflector mounting tool according to claim 2, wherein the pair of pins have the same length, and a small ball is integrally provided at a tip thereof. The support block is provided with a reflecting mirror push-out cam that can project onto the upper surface of the block by inserting a finger from an opening provided on a side surface of the container body and rotating a cam shaft by a lever that can be operated. The reflector mounting tool according to 2 or 3. The reflecting mirror according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the lower part of the main body is constricted, a concentric disc-shaped base is formed at the lower end, and a plurality of bolt insertion holes are provided in the base. Mounting equipment.

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