JP2504041Y2 - Local effective liquid application and cooling device in the building for cultivation of plants, etc. - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a local application of a chemical solution for controlling pests, liquid fertilizer, effective liquids such as water, and a cooling device in a greenhouse for cultivation such as a greenhouse for greenhouses, a greenhouse for greenhouses, or a mushroom cultivation room.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, as a device for spraying chemicals for controlling pests, foliar fertilization and foliar irrigation to plants in greenhouses for plant cultivation, a liquid application pipe having a large number of nozzles is appropriately placed above the plants in greenhouses. It is generally practiced to fix the pipes all over and spray the chemical solution or the like from the nozzles of these pipes to the entire greenhouse. Further, as a cooling device using latent heat of vaporization of water in a greenhouse, a cylindrical duct made of a breathable sheet having a large number of pores is arranged in the greenhouse, and a wind containing fine mist is blown into the duct by a sprayer and a blower. It is known that the fine mist is blown and the fine mist vaporizes to cool the air in the duct by its latent heat, and the cooled air is discharged from the pores on the peripheral surface of the duct into the greenhouse.

[0003]

However, in the conventional apparatus for applying a chemical solution or the like, since it sprays over the entire area of a large greenhouse, droplets of the chemical solution or the like are scattered over the entire area, resulting in a large amount of waste. There were drawbacks such as the difficulty of working in the greenhouse because the piping for chemicals in the greenhouse was an obstacle. Also,
Similarly, the conventional cooling device also has a poor cooling efficiency and has a serious drawback that energy is wasted.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate wastes in application of effective liquids such as application of chemicals, fertilizers, irrigation and the like for controlling pests in a building for cultivation, and to remove pipes which hinder work in the building. And

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention should cultivate a cultivating building in which at least an upper surface is formed of a breathable sheet having a number of fine holes substantially evenly. A long tunnel-shaped small house is provided, a ventilation type bench for cultivating plants is installed at an appropriate height in the small house, and a nozzle for spraying an effective liquid is provided above the bench in the small house. A duct is supported movably in the longitudinal direction in the small house, and a ventilation duct made of a breathable sheet having a number of fine holes substantially evenly is provided vertically below the bench in the small house along the entire length in the longitudinal direction in the small house. Through
Cultivation of plants, etc., in which a blower outside the small house is connected to one end of the small house, and a water supply pipe having a large number of cooling nozzles for spraying water into the air duct is extended to the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the small house. We propose a local effective liquid application and cooling system in the building.

In the "breathable sheet" of the above-mentioned small house of the present invention, a number of fine cracks are formed in parallel in a synthetic resin film of polyvinyl alcohol (for example, vinylon) or polyethylene and stretched in the crack direction. Split fiber, split fiber non-woven fabric formed by crossing vertical and horizontal split fibers and fusing each other to form fine pores between vertical and horizontal split fibers, various synthetic fibers, filaments of natural fibers, threads, etc. The vertical and horizontal woven cloth, synthetic resin filaments, threads, tapes, strings, etc., which are formed by crossing the vertical and horizontal sides and fusing them, or the above-mentioned breathable sheets or synthetic resin sheets. A multi-layer sheet in which a breathable reinforcing sheet is partially adhered or fused to a breathable sheet having a large number of fine holes, and various other sheets are used. The reinforcing sheet allows ventilation from the fine pores of the breathable sheet such as a non-woven fabric made of various fibers, a net, and a cloth. The breathable sheet for small houses is transparent or translucent.

Some of the breathable sheets used for forming the above-mentioned small houses have hygroscopicity. They include a split fiber non-woven fabric made of polyvinyl alcohol (for example, vinylon) or other hygroscopic synthetic resin, and a woven fabric of those fibers. Cloth or non-woven fabric is preferable. An example of the present invention will be described below.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are examples in which a local cooling device is provided in the lower part of a small house and a local effective liquid application device is provided in the upper part.
In the glass greenhouse (1), the bench (3)
The three long tunnel-shaped small houses (2) including ... are arranged in parallel, and two tubular ventilation ducts (4) (4), ... Flexible blower pipes (6) branching from a blower (5) attached to the upper side wall of the greenhouse (1) are connected to each other, and the blower (5) allows the blower ducts (4) (4), ... It is designed to blow air.

The details of the small house (2) are as follows. 2 and 3, the bench (3) is a long table in which legs (9) are attached to a ventilation type bench base in which a wire mesh (8) is stretched in a long rectangular underframe (7). It is in the shape of a bar, and is composed of a gate-shaped member (10) attached to an underframe (7) and a cross rail (11) connecting the member (10) on the upper part of the bench of the bench (3). A support frame is formed, and a semi-transparent breathable sheet (12) made of polyethylene-based split fiber nonwoven fabric is stretched on the support frame to cover the upper part of the bench base, and the lower part of the bench base is provided with the underframe. The non-breathable heat insulating sheet (13) attached to (7) is draped in a skirt shape to cover the lower part of the bench base, whereby the upper and upper half portions of both side surfaces are breathable sheets (12) and the lower half portions of both side surfaces. To form a long tunnel-shaped small house (2), each covered with a heat insulating sheet (13), Of the lower space of the bench stand, two tubular air duct made of breathable sheet composed of vinylon split fiber nonwoven as an example (4), (4)
2 are extended vertically from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction of the small house (2) in a parallel state with appropriate intervals, and the ends of the ducts (4) and (4) are, as shown in FIG. The duct (4) is occluded (14) by a string or the like, and the ducts (4) and (4) are horizontally supported by suspending the ducts (4) and (4) at a plurality of positions. A water supply pipe (16) having downwardly directed cooling spray nozzles (17) at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction is provided at an upper position in a small house (2).
In the state of extending vertically from one end to near the other end,
The water supply pipe (16) is suspended by a hanging wire (18) on a bench base to close the front end of the water supply pipe (16) and the rear end is connected to a water supply pump (not shown) installed outside the small house (2). .

At the central portion of the ceiling in the small house (2),
Laying an I-shaped rail (19) extending from one end to the other end of the tunnel along the tunnel as shown in FIGS.
On the rail (19), the parent runner (2
0) and between the parent runner (20) and one end of the rail (19), a large number of child runners (21) ... The child runners (21) and the adjacent child runners (21), (21), ... Are connected by connecting strings (23) with a fixed length, of which the parent runner (20) has a lower surface thereof. A liquid supply pipe (25) is vertically supported by a protruding bracket (24), and an application pipe (26) having a spray nozzle (27) is horizontally provided at the lower end of the liquid supply pipe (25) horizontally. To connect to,
In addition, the child runner (21) ... has a ring (2
8) are provided so as to project, and each ring (28) has a flexible liquid supply hose (29) connected to the liquid supply pipe (25) of the parent runner. The tip of the liquid supply hose (29) is pulled out of the small house (2) and connected to a liquid supply pump (not shown).

The device for driving the parent runner (20) to run is as follows. One end of the rail (19) has a forward / reverse rotation motor (3
0), the bracket (31) is fixed to the ceiling at the other end, and the drive pulley (32) fixed to the output shaft of the motor (30) and the bracket (31).
An endless wire (34) is hung on a driven pulley (33) which is rotatably supported by the endless wire (34), and the wire (34) is fixed to the side surface of the parent runner (20) by a fastener (35). (36) is a tension pulley for the wire (34). (22) ... are pots of plants placed on the bench stand of the bench (3).

The operation of the above example will be described. Each small house (2) through the blower pipe (6) by the blower (5)
When air is pumped into the ventilation ducts (4), (4), ... Of each, one small house (2) looks like, the ventilation ducts (4), (4) bulge into a cylindrical shape by blowing air, Then, the air in the ducts (4) and (4) is uniformly discharged as fine breeze from the fine holes on the entire circumferential surface of the ducts in the entire length of each duct (4) by static pressure, and is discharged into the small house (2). While flowing in the house (2), it is discharged to the outside of the small house (2) from a large number of fine holes of the breathable sheet (12) of the small house (2). At the same time, when water is pumped into the water supply pipe (16) at a required high pressure by a water supply pump and fine mist is ejected from each of the jet nozzles (17) ..., the fine mist is blown by the blower ducts (4), (4). The air inside the small house (2) is cooled by the latent heat of the flowing air that is discharged from the small house (2), thereby cooling the inside of the small house (2).

The vapor generated in the small house (2) by the vaporization of the fine mist is partly cold air and the breathable sheet (1).
The water is released from the small holes of 2) to the outside of the small house, but due to the release of this steam to the outside of the small house, the small house (2) is released.
The water vapor is not saturated in the inside of the small house (2), so that the inside of the small house (2) is continuously cooled by the vaporization of the fine mist and the latent heat of vaporization, which is outside the small house (2). The cooling air in the small house (2) is maintained by sufficiently supplementing the discharge of some cold air to the house.

As another method of use, dry air dehumidified by a dehumidifier or the like, or dry cold air dehumidified and cooled by a heat pump or the like is pressure-fed into the air ducts (4) and (4) by the air blower (5). In some cases, this further promotes vaporization of the fine mist and improves the cooling effect.

As an example, when irrigation is applied to the pots (22), first, the parent runners (20) and child runners (21) are gathered so that one end of the small house (2) is adjacent to the straw. In that state, while continuing the cooling action as it is, water is supplied by a liquid supply pump through a liquid supply hose (29), a liquid supply pipe (25), an application pipe (26), and each nozzle (27).
, And at the same time, the motor (30) is rotated forward to rotate the wire (34), whereby the parent runner (20) and the child runners (21) ... It runs to Wa and continuously sprays water from one end to the other end. When the other end is reached, spraying is stopped and the motor (30) is switched to the reverse rotation, whereby the parent runner (20) and the child runner (21) pushed by it and the child runner (21) ... Gather. Here, the water supply pipe (1
Since the spray area from each spray nozzle (17) of 6) is circular, there is overall spray unevenness, and the tip of the water supply pipe (16) extended to the long small house (2) has a reduced water pressure at the nozzle. As a result, there is a difference in the spray amount, and as a result, there is a tendency for uneven cooling to occur in the small house (2). However, as the application pipe (26) travels in the small house (2) while spraying, The uneven spray and the difference in the spray amount of the water supply pipe (16) are smoothed to make the fine mist in the entire small house (2) substantially uniform, and accordingly, the uneven cooling in the small house (2) is eliminated.

After the water supply is completed, the application pipe (26), the liquid supply pipe (25) and the liquid supply hose (29) are gathered at one end of the small house (2), so that the small house (2) is formed. It does not hinder the cultivation work inside.

Other liquid fertilizers, application of chemicals for controlling pests and the like are also carried out in the same manner by the above application device. In that case, the application pipe (27) is replaced if necessary. In the application of the liquid fertilizer, the medicinal solution, and the water, the sprayed liquid fertilizer and the like fall onto the plants on the bench (3) as they are, but in the plants in which a large number of leaves overlap, the liquid fertilizer and the like are present only on the upper leaves. There is a problem that it adheres and is not supplied to the lower leaves, but at the same time as spraying the liquid fertilizer, etc., the operation of the cooling device or the spray nozzle (17) ... If only air is sent to (4) and (4), the air discharged from the fine holes on the peripheral surface flows upward over the entire length of the air ducts (4) and (4), and this flowing air drops as described above. The fine mist such as liquid fertilizer is stirred and turbulently made to stay in the small house (2) for a while, so that the fine mist such as liquid fertilizer is equally supplied to all leaf surfaces, and sufficient foliar application is possible. Done.

In the apparatus of the above example, fresh air is constantly supplied from the ventilation ducts (4) and (4) into the small house (2) and then discharged to the outside of the small house. Sufficient supply of carbon dioxide and oxygen required for plant and mushroom cultivation. Furthermore, in winter or the like, the water vapor inside the small house (2) is cooled by the cold air outside the small house to condense on the inner surface of the breathable sheet (12). Since it is always communicating with the inside of the greenhouse (1) through the fine holes, it is difficult for dew condensation on the inner surface of the sheet (12). In addition, even if dew condensation occurs on the inner surface of the sheet (12), a large number of fine holes are formed. The dew condensation water is vaporized by the air flowing out from the inside through the outside and is discharged to the outside, thereby preventing the generation of dew condensation water that causes dripping of water drops harmful to plants. In addition, due to the ventilation effect of the breathable sheet (12), the fine mist of the chemical liquid sprayed in the small house, the liquid fertilizer, and the effective liquid such as irrigation hardly reaches the over-humidity state. Even if dew condensation of these effective liquids is to occur on the inner surface of), it is possible to prevent the generation of dew condensation water to the extent that dripping occurs as described above.

In this case, the breathable sheet (12) is
For example, in the example in which the nonwoven fabric made of split fiber nonwoven fabric of hygroscopic synthetic resin such as vinylon is used, when dew condensation occurs on the inner surface of the breathable and hygroscopic sheet (12), the sheet absorbs the dew condensation water. The water absorbed by the air flowing out from the inside through the many fine holes of the cover is vaporized and released to the outside, thereby absorbing the condensed water of the sheet (12). It continues to work.

A timer is connected to the blower (5), the pump for pumping water to the water supply pipe (16), the pump for pumping liquid to the application pipe (26), and the parent runner (20) is driven. It is also possible to dispose a limit switch for switching between normal and reverse rotations of the motor (30) to configure an operation time and timing control circuit, thereby automatically controlling cooling and effective liquid spraying.

[0021]

[Effect of the Invention] According to the local effective liquid application and cooling device in the building for cultivating plants etc. of the present invention, sufficient effective liquid application can be performed with a small amount of effective liquid that is sprayed into a small space in a small house. It is possible to realize efficient and efficient cooling, and it is possible to greatly reduce the waste of effective liquid and energy as in the past. Moreover, in the cooling device, the spray unevenness of each spray nozzle for cooling the water supply pipe and long water supply are achieved. There is a difference in the amount of spray due to a decrease in the water pressure of the spray nozzle at the tip of the pipe, which causes uneven cooling in the small house, but the above spray is generated by spraying the effective liquid from the application pipe that moves in the small house in the longitudinal direction. The unevenness and the difference in spray amount can be smoothed to eliminate the above-mentioned cooling unevenness, and in the application of the above-mentioned effective liquid, the effective liquid sprayed on the plants in which the leaves overlap is only the upper leaf. Although there is a difficulty in adhering, by cooling the air at the same time as spraying the effective liquid or blowing air to the air blowing duct, the fine mist of the effective liquid is stirred and disturbed by the flowing air discharged from the fine holes of the air blowing duct. It is possible to supply the effective liquid to almost all leaf surfaces evenly by allowing it to stay in the small house for a while while flowing it. Furthermore, after applying the effective liquid, the application pipe having the nozzle is moved to an appropriate position and retracted. As a result, the cultivation work in the small house can be freely performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a greenhouse.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway enlarged side view of a small house.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially omitted enlarged side view of the effective liquid spraying device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Greenhouse 2 Small house 12 Breathable sheet 26 Application pipe 27 Spray nozzle

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-153026 (JP, A) Actually opened 63-71647 (JP, U) Actually opened 60-191161 (JP, U) Actually opened 59- 90354 (JP, U) Actual flat 2-137849 (JP, U) Actual flat 4-16131 (JP, U) Actual public 42-1100 (JP, Y1)

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A cultivation building has at least a large number of upper surfaces.
A plant made of a breathable sheet with fine pores almost evenly.
A long tunnel-shaped small house to be cultivated is provided, and a cultivation plant is placed at an appropriate height in the small house.
Install a gas-type bench and spray the effective liquid above the bench in the small house above.
The application pipe with sledge can be moved in the longitudinal direction inside the small house
Supported by a large number of fine holes below the bench in the small house.
The ventilation duct consisting of a breathable sheet in
Longitudinal length in the inner space of the small house
Connect a blower and spray water on the blower duct.
The water supply pipe having a large number of
A local effective liquid application and cooling device in a building for cultivating plants, etc. , which extends the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the house .