JP2500244B2 - Manufacturing method of lightweight and high strength building materials - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of lightweight and high strength building materialsInfo
- Publication number
- JP2500244B2 JP2500244B2 JP4094840A JP9484092A JP2500244B2 JP 2500244 B2 JP2500244 B2 JP 2500244B2 JP 4094840 A JP4094840 A JP 4094840A JP 9484092 A JP9484092 A JP 9484092A JP 2500244 B2 JP2500244 B2 JP 2500244B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fine particles
- lightweight
- cement
- particles
- hollow glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/14—Minerals of vulcanic origin
- C04B14/18—Perlite
- C04B14/185—Perlite expanded
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、各種の軽量建材の基材
として有用な、軽量高強度建材の製造方法、さらに詳し
くいえば、火山ガラス質堆積物を骨材として用いて、軽
量高強度建材を製造するための改良された方法に関する
ものである。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a lightweight and high-strength building material which is useful as a base material for various lightweight building materials, and more specifically, it uses a volcanic glass deposit as an aggregate to provide a lightweight and high-strength building material. It relates to an improved method for manufacturing building materials.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】シラス、ガラス質凝灰岩などの火山ガラ
ス質堆積物を焼成して得られる微粒中空ガラス球状体
は、各種プラスチックや金属の軽量化充てん剤、セメン
トモルタルの軽量化骨材として広く利用されている。2. Description of the Related Art Fine hollow glass spheres obtained by firing volcanic glass deposits such as shirasu and vitreous tuff are widely used as lightweight fillers for various plastics and metals and lightweight aggregates for cement mortar. Has been done.
【０００３】しかしながら、微粒中空ガラス球状体をこ
れらの素材に配合すると、軽量化の目的は達成される
が、強度の低下を伴うため、通常は、石綿、ガラス繊
維、炭素繊維などの繊維状補強材を併用しなければなら
ないが、これらの補強材を含む組成物は、押出成形性が
そこなわれる上に、成形品の表面が粗くなるという欠点
がある。However, when fine hollow glass spheres are blended with these materials, the purpose of weight reduction is achieved, but the strength is lowered, so that fibrous reinforcement such as asbestos, glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc. is usually used. Although a material must be used in combination, the composition containing these reinforcing materials has a drawback that extrusion moldability is impaired and the surface of the molded product becomes rough.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、このような
繊維状補強材を併用することなく、火山ガラス質堆積物
だけを原料として軽量高強度建材を製造することを目的
としてなされたものである。The present invention has been made for the purpose of producing a lightweight and high-strength building material using only volcanic glassy deposits as a raw material, without using such a fibrous reinforcing material in combination. is there.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、微粒中空
ガラス球状体を骨材として含むコンクリート建材につい
て種々研究を重ねた結果、微粒中空ガラス球状体の製造
原料である火山ガラス質堆積物の解砕物を粗粒と微粒に
分級し、粗粒を焼成して中空ガラス球状体を製造したの
ち、これを再び微粒に混合して、骨材として用いること
により、繊維状補強材の併用なしに、軽量で高強度のコ
ンクリート建材が得られることを見出し、この知見に基
づいて本発明をなすに至った。The present inventors have conducted various studies on concrete building materials containing fine hollow glass spheres as an aggregate, and as a result, volcanic glassy deposits which are raw materials for producing fine hollow glass spheres. After crushing the crushed product into coarse particles and fine particles, firing the coarse particles to produce hollow glass spheres, mixing them again into fine particles, and using them as aggregates, there is no combined use of fibrous reinforcing material. Furthermore, they have found that a lightweight and high-strength concrete building material can be obtained, and have completed the present invention based on this finding.
【０００６】すなわち、本発明は、解砕した火山ガラス
質堆積物を、粒径２０μｍよりも大きい粗粒と、それ以
下の微粒に分級し、粗粒のみを９００〜１１００℃の温
度において熱処理して中空ガラス球状体を形成させたの
ち、これと前記微粒とを重量比８０：２０ないし６５：
３５の割合で混合し、この混合物をセメントモルタル基
材に骨材として配合することを特徴とする軽量高強度建
材の製造方法を提供するものである。That is, in the present invention, the crushed volcanic glassy deposit is classified into coarse particles having a particle size of 20 μm or less and fine particles having a particle size of less than 20 μm, and only the coarse particles are heat-treated at a temperature of 900 to 1100 ° C. After forming hollow glass spheres, the weight ratio of the spheres to the fine particles is 80:20 to 65:
The present invention provides a method for producing a lightweight, high-strength building material, which comprises mixing in a ratio of 35 and blending this mixture into a cement mortar substrate as an aggregate.
【０００７】本発明方法において、原料として用いる火
山ガラス質堆積物には、例えばシラス、松脂石、黒曜
石、福島白土などがあるが、入手が容易であるという点
でシラスが好ましい。このシラスは、天然ガラスを主要
成分とする鉱物であって、例えば表１に示す組成を有し
ている。In the method of the present invention, the volcanic glassy deposits used as raw materials include, for example, shirasu, pine lithite, obsidian, and Fukushima clay, and shirasu is preferred because it is easily available. This shirasu is a mineral whose main component is natural glass, and has the composition shown in Table 1, for example.
【０００８】[0008]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【０００９】このシラス中の灼熱減量は、そのほとんど
が水分であるので、これをガラスが軟化すると同時に水
蒸気が発生する温度範囲すなわち９００〜１１００℃の
温度範囲で熱処理すると、発泡して中空ガラス球状体が
形成される。しかしながら、２０μｍ以下の微粒のもの
は、ガラス構成分内に含まれている水分の加熱による粒
子外への拡散速度が大きく、ガラスの軟化と水蒸気の発
生とを同時に起すことが困難なので、中空ガラス球状体
を得ることができない上、微粒が存在した状態で熱処理
すると、微粒が炉壁に融着して、円滑な操業ができなく
なる。そのため、通常は、原料を解砕したのち、２０μ
ｍ以下の微粒を分級して除き、粗粒だけを熱処理してい
る。Since most of the burning loss in this shirasu is water, it is foamed and hollow glass spheres when heat-treated in a temperature range where glass softens and water vapor is generated at the same time, that is, 900 to 1100 ° C. The body is formed. However, fine particles having a particle size of 20 μm or less have a large diffusion rate to the outside of the particles due to the heating of the water contained in the glass constituents, and it is difficult to cause softening of the glass and generation of water vapor at the same time. If spherical particles cannot be obtained, and heat treatment is performed in the presence of fine particles, the fine particles are fused to the furnace wall and smooth operation cannot be performed. Therefore, normally, after crushing the raw material,
Fine particles of m or less are classified and removed, and only coarse particles are heat-treated.
【００１０】本発明においては、このようにして分級し
た粗粒を９００〜１１００℃に加熱して中空ガラス球状
体としたのち、これまで未利用のまま廃棄されていた前
記のいったんを除いた微粒と再び混合し、この混合物を
骨材として用いる。In the present invention, the coarse particles classified in this manner are heated to 900 to 1100 ° C. to form hollow glass spheres, and then the fine particles excluding the above-mentioned once-unused waste particles are removed. And mix again and use this mixture as the aggregate.
【００１１】本発明方法における粗粒と微粒との分級
は、粒径２０μｍ以下のものとそれよりも大きい粒径の
ものと分けることによって行われる。この分級方法は特
に制限されず、サイクロン、沈降分級器、ふるいなどを
用いて行うこともできるが、通常は空気分級によるのが
便利である。The classification of coarse particles and fine particles in the method of the present invention is carried out by classifying particles having a particle size of 20 μm or less and particles having a particle size larger than that. This classification method is not particularly limited, and it can be carried out using a cyclone, a settling classifier, a sieve or the like, but it is usually convenient to use air classification.
【００１２】この粗粒と微粒との分級は厳密に行う必要
はなく、いずれの部分も１０％程度の相互混入が許容さ
れる。It is not necessary to strictly classify the coarse particles and the fine particles, and about 10% mutual mixing is allowed in any of the portions.
【００１３】粗粒の熱処理は、９００〜１１００℃の温
度で、中空ガラス球状体が生成するまで行われるが、こ
れに要する時間は通常１〜６０秒である。The heat treatment of coarse particles is carried out at a temperature of 900 to 1100 ° C. until hollow glass spheres are formed, and the time required for this is usually 1 to 60 seconds.
【００１４】このようにして熱処理して得た中空ガラス
球状体は、次に先に分級して除いた微粒と再び混合され
るが、この混合割合は重量比で８０：２０ないし６５：
３５の範囲内で選ばれる。これよりも微粒が少ないとセ
メントモルタル基材に配合した場合十分な強度が得られ
ないし、またこれよりも微粒を多くすると軽量化が不十
分になる。The hollow glass spheres obtained by the heat treatment in this way are then mixed again with the fine particles that have been classified and removed in advance, the mixing ratio being 80:20 to 65: by weight.
It is selected within the range of 35. If the number of fine particles is less than this, sufficient strength cannot be obtained when compounded in a cement mortar base material, and if the number of fine particles is more than this, weight reduction becomes insufficient.
【００１５】次に本発明方法において用いるセメントモ
ルタル基材は、建材用として通常使用されているものの
中から任意に選ぶことができる。このようなものとして
は、ポルトランドセメント、マグネシアセメント、石灰
火山灰セメント、天然セメント、アルミナセメントなど
を挙げることができる。Next, the cement mortar base material used in the method of the present invention can be arbitrarily selected from those commonly used for building materials. Examples of such a material include Portland cement, magnesia cement, lime volcanic ash cement, natural cement, and alumina cement.
【００１６】一般に、中空ガラス球状体とセメントとを
混合すると、両者の粒度分布が異なるため、充てん状態
が悪く、これを成形すると、気泡を含む成形体を生じ、
軽量ではあるが、吸水率が大きく、強度の小さいものと
なる。Generally, when hollow glass spheres and cement are mixed, the particle size distributions of the two are different, so that the filled state is poor, and when this is molded, a molded product containing bubbles is produced,
Although it is lightweight, it has high water absorption and low strength.
【００１７】しかしながら、本発明方法に従い、先に分
級していったん除いた微粒を混合して用いると、三者の
間で連続した粒度分布が形成され、良好な充てん状態と
なる上、火山ガラス質堆積物の微粒は、セメントとの反
応性がよいので、吸水率が小さく高強度の建材を得るこ
とができる。However, according to the method of the present invention, when the fine particles that have been classified and once removed are mixed and used, a continuous particle size distribution is formed among the three members, and a good filling state is achieved, and the volcanic glass Since the fine particles of the deposit have good reactivity with cement, it is possible to obtain a building material having a small water absorption rate and high strength.
【００１８】この際のセメントと骨材との配合割合は、
容積比で１：１ないし１：５の範囲内で選ばれる。これ
よりもセメントが少ないと、強度が不足するし、またこ
れよりもセメントが多いと軽量なものが得られない。The mixing ratio of cement and aggregate at this time is
The volume ratio is selected within the range of 1: 1 to 1: 5. If the amount of cement is less than this, the strength will be insufficient, and if the amount of cement is more than this, a lightweight product cannot be obtained.
【００１９】この配合物を成形するには、これに適量の
水を加えよく混合したのち、所定の型枠に流し込み、乾
燥して脱型し、水中養生する。To mold this mixture, an appropriate amount of water is added and mixed well, then poured into a predetermined mold, dried and demolded, and cured in water.
【００２０】この際、前記配合物には、所望に応じセメ
ント添加剤として慣用されている物質例えばバインダー
充てん剤、顔料などを添加することができる。At this time, if desired, substances conventionally used as cement additives, such as binder fillers and pigments, can be added to the composition.
【００２１】[0021]
【実施例】次に、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説
明する。Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
【００２２】実施例１ 表１に示す組成をもつ福島白土をジョー・クラッシャー
で粗砕したのち、ボールミルで粒径７４μｍ以下になる
まで解砕した。次にこの解砕物を空気分級して粗粒部６
５重量部と微粒部３５重量部に分けた。このようにして
分級された粗粒部と微粒部は表２に示す粒度分布を有し
ている。Example 1 Fukushima clay having the composition shown in Table 1 was crushed with a jaw crusher and then crushed with a ball mill until the particle size became 74 μm or less. Next, this crushed material is classified by air to obtain a coarse-grained portion 6
It was divided into 5 parts by weight and 35 parts by weight of fine particles. The coarse particle portion and the fine particle portion thus classified have the particle size distribution shown in Table 2.
【００２３】[0023]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２４】この粗粒部を、室温から１０００℃まで１
分以内で上昇させ、この温度に約５秒間保持して、タッ
プかさ密度０．４３ｇ／ｃｍ３の中空ガラス球状体を得
た。From the room temperature to 1000.degree.
The temperature was raised within minutes and the temperature was maintained for about 5 seconds to obtain hollow glass spheres having a tap bulk density of 0.43 g / cm 3 .
【００２５】次いで、この熱処理物に、微粒部をそれぞ
れ０．５重量％、１０重量％、２０重量％及び３５重量
％になるように添加して、骨材を調製した。Next, fine particles were added to the heat-treated product in amounts of 0.5% by weight, 10% by weight, 20% by weight and 35% by weight to prepare an aggregate.
【００２６】このようにして得た骨材１１２５容量部を
セメント３７５容量部と混合し（容量比３：１）、さら
にセメントと水との重量比が５９６：９５０となる割合
で水を加え、よく混合したのち、型枠（４０×４０×１
６０ｍｍ）中に流し込み成形した。１日間放置後、脱型
し、２８日間水中養生した。このようにして得た硬化物
の物性を表３に示す。1125 parts by volume of the aggregate thus obtained is mixed with 375 parts by volume of cement (volume ratio 3: 1), and water is added at a ratio of 596: 950 by weight of cement and water, After mixing well, formwork (40 x 40 x 1
(60 mm) and cast. After leaving it for 1 day, it was demolded and cured in water for 28 days. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the cured product thus obtained.
【００２７】[0027]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２８】実施例２ 実施例１と同じ熱処理物と、微粒部を用い、実施例１と
同様に、熱処理物に微粒部を０〜３５重量％添加し骨材
とした。次にセメント５９６重量部、骨材４８１重量
部、水９５０重量部とを混合して、型枠（４０×４０×
１６０ｍｍ）に流し込み、成形した。１日間放置後、脱
型し、２８日間水中養生した。このようにして得た硬化
物の物性を表４に示す。Example 2 Using the same heat-treated product and fine particles as in Example 1, 0 to 35% by weight of fine particles were added to the heat-treated product in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an aggregate. Next, 596 parts by weight of cement, 481 parts by weight of aggregate, and 950 parts by weight of water are mixed to form a mold (40 × 40 ×
160 mm) and molded. After leaving it for 1 day, it was demolded and cured in water for 28 days. The physical properties of the cured product thus obtained are shown in Table 4.
【００２９】[0029]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】本発明方法は、これまで未利用のまま廃
棄されていた火山ガラス質堆積物微粒部を有効に活用
し、繊維状補強材を併用することなく、中空ガラス球状
体を含む軽量高強度の建材を製造しうるという効果を奏
する。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The method of the present invention effectively utilizes fine particles of volcanic glassy deposits which have been discarded until now, without using a fibrous reinforcing material, and includes a hollow glass sphere. The effect that a high-strength building material can be manufactured is exhibited.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 陣内 和彦 鹿児島県姶良郡隼人町小田1445番地１ 鹿児島県工業技術センター内 (72)発明者 松田 健一郎 千葉県市原市五井南海岸８番の２ 株式 会社カルシード内 (72)発明者 木本 潤一 山口県美祢市伊佐町伊佐4611番地の１ 株式会社カルシード内 (72)発明者 深川 文夫 山口県美祢市伊佐町伊佐4611番地の１ 株式会社カルシード内 審査官 板橋 一隆 (56)参考文献 特開 昭60−166280（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭56−140060（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−112660（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−296750（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Jinnai 1445 Oda, Hayato-cho, Aira-gun, Kagoshima Prefecture 1 Kagoshima Industrial Technology Center (72) Inventor Kenichiro Matsuda 8-2 Goi Minamikaigan, Ichihara-shi, Chiba In the Calceed (72) Inventor Junichi Kimoto 1 at 4611 Isa-cho, Isa-cho, Mine-shi, Yamaguchi Prefecture At Calceed Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Fumio Fukagawa At 1461 Isa-cho in Isa-cho, Yamaguchi Prefecture Examiner Itabashi, Cal-Seed Co., Ltd. Kazutaka (56) Reference JP-A-60-166280 (JP, A) JP-A-56-140060 (JP, A) JP-A-60-112660 (JP, A) JP-A-2-296750 (JP, A) )
Claims (1)
０μｍよりも大きい粗粒と、それ以下の微粒に分級し、
粗粒のみを９００〜１１００℃の温度において熱処理し
て中空ガラス球状体を形成させたのち、これと前記微粒
とを重量比８０：２０ないし６５：３５の割合で混合
し、この混合物をセメントモルタル基材に骨材として配
合することを特徴とする軽量高強度建材の製造方法。1. A crushed volcanic glassy sediment having a grain size of 2
Classify coarse particles larger than 0 μm and fine particles smaller than 0 μm,
Only coarse particles are heat-treated at a temperature of 900 to 1100 ° C. to form hollow glass spheres, and the fine particles are mixed with the fine particles in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 65:35, and the mixture is mixed with cement mortar. A method for producing a lightweight and high-strength building material, which comprises compounding a base material as an aggregate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4094840A JP2500244B2 (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1992-03-23 | Manufacturing method of lightweight and high strength building materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4094840A JP2500244B2 (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1992-03-23 | Manufacturing method of lightweight and high strength building materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06191963A JPH06191963A (en) | 1994-07-12 |
| JP2500244B2 true JP2500244B2 (en) | 1996-05-29 |
Family
ID=14121242
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4094840A Expired - Lifetime JP2500244B2 (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1992-03-23 | Manufacturing method of lightweight and high strength building materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2500244B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6406535B1 (en) | 1999-04-16 | 2002-06-18 | Takachiho Corp. | Material for constructional finished wallboard |
| DE10152060A1 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-08 | Siltrade Gmbh | Plastering system contains small glass spheres which have a higher index of refraction and are coated with transparent, highly wear resistant colored dyes in a network pattern |
| JP4521497B2 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2010-08-11 | 鹿児島県 | Shirasu concrete decorative material and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP6458267B2 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2019-01-30 | 鹿児島県 | Volcanic ejecta deposit mineral dry separation method, volcanic ejecta deposit mineral dry separation apparatus, fine aggregate and volcanic glass material manufacturing method |
| CN113213963B (en) * | 2021-06-26 | 2022-09-06 | 江西陶瓷工艺美术职业技术学院 | Light refractory material prepared from construction waste and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56140060A (en) * | 1980-04-03 | 1981-11-02 | Showa Denko Kk | Lightweight foamed concrete strength stabilization |
| JPS60112660A (en) * | 1983-11-21 | 1985-06-19 | 松下電工株式会社 | Manufacture of inorganic hardened body |
| JPS60166280A (en) * | 1984-02-03 | 1985-08-29 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Manufacture of lightweight construction material |
| JPH02296750A (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1990-12-07 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Production of hyperfine hollow glass sphere |
-
1992
- 1992-03-23 JP JP4094840A patent/JP2500244B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06191963A (en) | 1994-07-12 |
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