JPH10152356A - Artificial lightweight aggregate and its production - Google Patents
Artificial lightweight aggregate and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10152356A JPH10152356A JP32101896A JP32101896A JPH10152356A JP H10152356 A JPH10152356 A JP H10152356A JP 32101896 A JP32101896 A JP 32101896A JP 32101896 A JP32101896 A JP 32101896A JP H10152356 A JPH10152356 A JP H10152356A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- artificial lightweight
- lightweight aggregate
- sludge
- sand
- water purification
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、JIS A 5002
(構造用軽量コンクリート骨材)に適合する人工軽量骨
材及びその製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to JIS A 5002
The present invention relates to an artificial lightweight aggregate suitable for (lightweight concrete aggregate for structure) and a method for producing the same.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】工業生産されている人工軽量骨材の主原
料は、膨張頁岩又は石炭火力発電所から排出される石炭
灰に限られている。いずれも焼成による製造で、内部発
泡による軽量化を利用し、表面の溶融直前に焼成を停止
しているが、適正な焼成温度の範囲が20℃〜40℃と
狭いため、焼成時に骨材同士の融着が発生し易く、製品
としての歩留まり低下の原因となっていた。2. Description of the Related Art The main raw material for industrially produced artificial lightweight aggregate is limited to expanded shale or coal ash discharged from coal-fired power plants. Both are manufactured by firing, and the firing is stopped immediately before the surface is melted by utilizing the weight reduction by internal foaming. However, the range of the appropriate firing temperature is as narrow as 20 ° C to 40 ° C. Fusion easily occurs, which causes a reduction in the yield as a product.
【0003】コンクリートスラッジは、生コンクリート
工場のプラントミキサ及び運搬車の洗浄により、及び、
戻りコンクリートから発生し、生コンクリート生産量の
1.7%(ウエットベース)に相当する量となってい
る。我国の生コンクリートの生産量は、年間1億5千万
m3〜2億m3となっており、コンクリートスラッジの発
生量は250万m3〜340万m3(ウエットベース)に
達している。従って、乾物重量換算で150万t〜20
0万tが産業廃棄物として排出されていることになる。[0003] Concrete sludge is produced by washing plant mixers and trucks of ready-mixed concrete plants, and
It is generated from returned concrete and is equivalent to 1.7% (wet base) of the production of ready-mixed concrete. Production of ready-mixed concrete of our country is, has become an annual 150 million m 3 ~2 Oku m 3, the amount of generation of concrete sludge has reached to 2.5 million m 3 ~340 Man m 3 (wet basis) . Therefore, 1.5 million t to 20 in terms of dry matter weight
This means that 100,000 tons are discharged as industrial waste.
【0004】鋳造廃砂は、鋳鉄、鋳鋼及び非鉄金属の鋳
物工場において、砂処理、解砕、ショット、生型砂の劣
化防止の間引きの各工程及び全工程の粉塵である集塵ダ
ストとして発生する。また、この廃砂は、炭素含有廃砂
と炭素非含有廃砂に区分することが出来るが、その排出
割合は、凡そ2:1である。鋳物製品の生産量1t当た
り300kg程度の廃砂が排出されることから、我国の
鋳物製品の年間生産量6百万t〜7百万tから推定し
て、180万t〜210万tが産業廃棄物として排出さ
れていることになる。[0004] Casting waste sand is generated as dust collected in a casting plant of cast iron, cast steel and non-ferrous metal in each process of sand treatment, crushing, shot, thinning prevention of deterioration of green sand and in all processes. . This waste sand can be classified into carbon-containing waste sand and carbon-free waste sand, and the discharge ratio is about 2: 1. Since about 300 kg of waste sand is discharged per ton of cast product production, 1.8 million to 2.1 million tons of industrial production is estimated from the annual production of 6 to 7 million tons of cast products in Japan. It has been discharged as waste.
【0005】浄水場発生土は、浄水場内の着水井で投入
された凝集剤により形成されたフロックが、沈澱池で沈
降したもので、浄水1000t当たり約15kg〜15
0kgの発生量となっている。我国の上水道による飲料
水の生産量は年間115億tとなっており、浄水場発生
土は100万tに達するものと推定される。[0005] The soil generated from the water treatment plant is the floc formed by the flocculant injected at the landing well in the water treatment plant, and settled in the sedimentation basin.
This is 0 kg. The production volume of drinking water from Japan's water supply is 11.5 billion tons annually, and it is estimated that soil generated from water treatment plants will reach 1 million tons.
【0006】補助材料として使用する炭化珪素は、全国
で年間10万t程度が生産されており、その内50%程
度が主として研磨材料や切削材料として使用されいる。
製品化に伴う剰余屑は産業廃棄物として処分されている
が、発生量が少なく公害性が無いため、特に問題視され
ること無く処理されている。[0006] About 100,000 tons of silicon carbide is produced annually throughout the country as an auxiliary material, of which about 50% is mainly used as a polishing material or a cutting material.
Surplus waste resulting from commercialization is disposed of as industrial waste, but it is treated without any particular problem because of its small amount and no pollution.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】石炭灰を原料として使
用する場合は、焼成前の試料の破壊強度が小さく、粉化
しやすい欠点を有していた。また、コンクリートスラッ
ジと鋳造廃砂を主原料とする人工軽量骨材も、産業廃棄
物を使用する特徴を有しているが、鋳造廃砂に含まれる
炭素の気化痕が分散発泡して軽量となることを利用して
おり、比重を1.45以下とすることは困難である。In the case where coal ash is used as a raw material, the sample before firing has a low breaking strength and has a disadvantage of being easily powdered. Artificial lightweight aggregates made mainly of concrete sludge and cast waste sand also have the characteristic of using industrial waste.However, the vaporization traces of carbon contained in the cast waste sand are dispersed and foamed to reduce the weight. It is difficult to reduce the specific gravity to 1.45 or less.
【0008】従来の石炭灰を原料とした人工軽量骨材
は、回転式造粒機を用いた成型を必要とするため、表面
積の小さい球形にしか造粒出来ない。また、膨張頁岩を
使用するものは天然の岩石を5〜10mm程度に破砕
し、ロータリーキルンで焼成するため製品は球形となっ
ている。従って、両者とも実績率を大きくする砕石状の
造粒は不可能であり、最大粒径が15mmと天然骨材の
20mmより小さなものとなっている。[0008] Conventional artificial lightweight aggregates made from coal ash require molding using a rotary granulator, and can be granulated only into spherical shapes having a small surface area. In the case of using expanded shale, natural rock is crushed into a size of about 5 to 10 mm, and is fired by a rotary kiln, so that the product has a spherical shape. Therefore, in both cases, it is impossible to perform crushed stone granulation to increase the achievement rate, and the maximum particle size is 15 mm, which is smaller than 20 mm of natural aggregate.
【0009】本発明では、コンクリートスラッジ、鋳造
廃砂及び浄水場発生土の産業廃棄物を主原料とし、破砕
による造粒を行なうことで、天然骨材と同じ不定形とな
るものである。従来の石炭灰を原料とした人工軽量骨材
は、回転式造粒機を用いた成型を必要とするため、形状
が球形で表面積が小さく、実績率を大きくする砕石状は
不可能であった。In the present invention, concrete sludge, casting waste sand, and industrial waste generated from a water purification plant are used as main raw materials, and granulated by crushing to obtain the same amorphous shape as natural aggregate. Conventional artificial lightweight aggregate made from coal ash requires molding using a rotary granulator, so it was impossible to form a crushed stone that would have a spherical shape with a small surface area and a large performance rate. .
【0010】石炭灰を原料とする人工軽量骨材の場合
は、微粉末炭を高温燃焼した灰であり、粒子の形状が球
形で既にガラス化が進んでいる。また、膨張頁岩を原料
とする人工軽量骨材の場合も、高温で溶融発泡させるた
め、非晶質のガラス層を形成している。かかる場合は、
一般的にアルカリに侵され易い性質を持つ。このため、
アルカリ骨材反応を起こして、骨材とモルタル中のNa
2O又はK2Oの相互作用による亀裂発生等の原因とな
り、露出したままのコンクリート構造物に使用する場合
は、アルカリシリカ反応対策を無視出来ない欠点をもっ
ている。[0010] In the case of artificial lightweight aggregate made of coal ash, the ash is obtained by burning fine powdered coal at a high temperature, and the shape of the particles is spherical, and vitrification has already progressed. Also, in the case of artificial lightweight aggregate made from expanded shale, an amorphous glass layer is formed in order to melt and foam at a high temperature. In such cases,
Generally, it has the property of being easily attacked by alkali. For this reason,
The alkali-aggregate reaction occurs, and the Na in the mortar and the aggregate
It causes cracks and the like due to the interaction of 2 O or K 2 O, and when it is used for a concrete structure that is left exposed, there is a drawback that measures against the alkali-silica reaction cannot be ignored.
【0011】コンクリートスラッジは、法規制により、
安定型処分を義務付けられる産業廃棄物の汚泥に区分指
定されている。排出量の3%〜4%がセメント原料とし
て再生利用されているに過ぎず、大部分が埋立て処分さ
れている。発生量が多いため、処分地の確保が困難とな
り、再資源化が課題となっている。Concrete sludge is subject to laws and regulations.
It is classified as industrial waste sludge that requires stable disposal. Only 3% to 4% of the emissions are recycled as cement raw materials, and most are landfilled. Due to the large amount of waste generated, it is difficult to secure a disposal site, and recycling is an issue.
【0012】鋳造廃砂も同様に、管理型処分を義務付け
られる産業廃棄物の鉱さいに区分指定されている。排出
量の大部分は処理業者に委託して埋立て処分されている
が、処分費用が1t当たり12,000円前後と高価に
なっている。発生量が多く、処分地の確保が困難なこと
から、再資源化が課題となっている。[0012] Similarly, foundry waste sand is classified and designated as an industrial waste stake which is required to be managed. Most of the emissions are entrusted to disposal companies for landfill disposal, but the disposal costs are high at around 12,000 yen per ton. Recycling has become an issue due to the large amount of waste generated and the difficulty in securing disposal sites.
【0013】浄水場発生土も、管理型処分の産業廃棄物
の汚泥に区分指定され、一部が園芸表土に利用されてい
るに過ぎず、大部分が埋立て処分されている。園芸表土
としての利用も、可溶性アルミニウムを含むことから、
使用の拡大は期待出来ず、源水の採取源である河川の水
質の低下から発生量が増大する傾向にあり、処分地の確
保が困難となり、再資源化が課題となっている。[0013] The soil generated from the water purification plant is also classified and designated as industrial waste sludge of the managed type, only part of which is used for horticultural topsoil and most is landfilled. As the use as horticultural soil also contains soluble aluminum,
Its use cannot be expected to increase, and its generation tends to increase due to the deterioration of the water quality of the river from which the source water is collected, making it difficult to secure landfill sites and raising the issue of recycling.
【0014】JIS A 5002の骨材の寸法につい
ての規格値は、最大粒径が20mm及び15mmとなっ
ているが、コンクリートの骨材の目的からは20mmが
望ましい。製造技術の実情に合わせて15mmとの併用
になっているものであり、本発明では、天然骨材と同じ
不定形となる骨材の造粒方法を開発し、実績率を大きく
することをも課題としている。[0014] The standard values for the size of the aggregate according to JIS A 5002 are the maximum particle sizes of 20 mm and 15 mm, but 20 mm is desirable for the purpose of the aggregate of concrete. According to the actual situation of the manufacturing technology, it is used in combination with 15 mm. In the present invention, a method of granulating an aggregate having the same irregular shape as natural aggregate is developed, and it is also possible to increase the performance rate. It is an issue.
【0015】炭化珪素の結晶は大部分が共有結合からな
り、化学的に安定している。酸化雰囲気における焼成で
は、表面に酸化珪素を形成し酸化の進行を遅らせるた
め、高温における耐酸化性は非常に大きく、発熱体や耐
火材料としても使用されている。これの熱分解による炭
素系ガスの発生による発泡作用の従来技術として、例え
ば特公平4−243985に発泡建材の製造技術として
開示されている。しかし、発泡作用は1200〜130
0℃であり、コストの低減が要求される骨材では、処理
温度の引下げが要求される。Most of the silicon carbide crystals are composed of covalent bonds and are chemically stable. In firing in an oxidizing atmosphere, silicon oxide is formed on the surface to slow down the progress of oxidation. Therefore, the oxidation resistance at a high temperature is extremely high, and it is also used as a heating element and a refractory material. As a conventional technique of foaming action due to generation of a carbon-based gas by thermal decomposition thereof, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-243895 discloses a technique of manufacturing a foamed building material. However, the foaming action is 1200-130.
In the case of aggregate at 0 ° C., for which a reduction in cost is required, a reduction in the processing temperature is required.
【0016】本発明では、大量発生している産業廃棄物
の再利用のために、これも大量に消費されている骨材へ
の再生を目的とするため、製品としての歩留まり向上、
コスト削減の観点から、焼成温度の引下げと適正な焼成
温度領域の拡大を課題としている。In the present invention, in order to reuse a large amount of industrial waste, which is also intended to be recycled into aggregate which is also consumed in large quantities, the yield as a product is improved.
From the viewpoint of cost reduction, the task is to lower the firing temperature and expand the appropriate firing temperature range.
【0017】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、従来のかかる
事情に鑑みて為されたもので、コンクリートスラッジ、
鋳造廃砂及び浄水場発生土の三種類の産業廃棄物を主原
料として人工軽量骨材を製造するものである。成型時に
破砕造粒することでコンクリート用骨材に適した不定形
砕石形状とし、焼成時に内部発泡させることで軽量化を
図る。焼成物は、高強度でアルカリ骨材反応を起さず、
JIS A 5002(構造用軽量コンクリート骨材)
に適合する人工軽量骨材である。そのような人工軽量骨
材及びその製造方法を提供することで、産業廃棄物の減
量と再資源化の課題を同時に解決することを特徴として
いる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has been made in consideration of concrete sludge,
The purpose is to manufacture artificial lightweight aggregates using three types of industrial wastes as foundry waste sand and soil generated from water purification plants. By crushing and granulating at the time of molding, it is made into an irregular shaped crushed stone shape suitable for aggregate for concrete, and at the time of firing, it is made to foam internally to reduce weight. The fired product is high strength and does not cause alkali-aggregate reaction,
JIS A 5002 (lightweight concrete aggregate for structure)
It is an artificial lightweight aggregate that conforms to. By providing such an artificial lightweight aggregate and a method for producing the same, it is characterized by simultaneously solving the problems of industrial waste reduction and recycling.
【0018】コンクリートスラッジ、鋳造廃砂及び浄水
場発生土の混合比率は、それぞれの廃棄物の化学組成変
動を考慮して、乾物重量に換算して、1.0:1.0〜
2.5:0.1〜1.0であることが望ましい。この
時、発泡剤として炭化珪素を乾物重量比で0.1〜0.
2%添加した。混合比の範囲設定の根拠は、成型性、生
強度及び焼成後の骨材の物性による。すなわち、この範
囲で混合すれば、成型作業が容易であり、自硬性によっ
てグリーン体の圧縮に対する強度が大きくなるため、乾
燥ひび割れが発生しないこと、さらには、焼成後の物性
がJIS A 5002の全てを満足することにある。
なお、発泡剤としては炭化珪素が最も一般的であるが、
これに限定されるものではない。The mixing ratio of the concrete sludge, the casting waste sand and the soil generated from the water purification plant is 1.0: 1.0 to 1.0% in terms of dry matter weight in consideration of the chemical composition of each waste.
2.5: 0.1 to 1.0 is desirable. At this time, silicon carbide is used as a foaming agent in a dry matter weight ratio of 0.1 to 0.1.
2% was added. The basis for setting the range of the mixing ratio depends on the moldability, green strength, and physical properties of the fired aggregate. That is, if mixed within this range, the molding operation is easy, and the strength against compression of the green body is increased by the self-hardening property, so that dry cracking does not occur, and further, the physical properties after firing are all JIS A 5002. Is to satisfy.
In addition, silicon carbide is most commonly used as a foaming agent,
It is not limited to this.
【0019】前記の混合比率で、コンクリートスラッジ
を1.0としたとき、鋳造廃砂の量を2.5以上にした
場合は可塑性が乏しくなり、成型が困難となる。また、
1.0以下にすると水分を35%以上必要とし、焼成し
た骨材の強度にバラツキが生ずる。同様に、浄水場発生
土の量を1.0以上にした場合は、成型が容易となり、
適合する焼成温度領域の低下が可能となるが、比重にバ
ラツキが生ずる。また、0.1以下にすると焼成の適合
温度範囲が狭くなり、品質の安定性に欠ける。When the concrete sludge is set to 1.0 at the above mixing ratio, and the amount of the casting waste sand is set to 2.5 or more, the plasticity becomes poor and the molding becomes difficult. Also,
If it is 1.0 or less, 35% or more of water is required, and the strength of the fired aggregate varies. Similarly, when the amount of soil generated from the water purification plant is 1.0 or more, molding becomes easy,
A suitable firing temperature range can be reduced, but the specific gravity varies. On the other hand, if it is less than 0.1, the temperature range suitable for firing becomes narrow, and the stability of quality is lacking.
【0020】成形材料及び自硬性材料として、普通ポル
トランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱
ポルトランドセメント、白色ポルトランドセメント、高
炉セメント、シリカセメント及びフライアッシュセメン
ト等の生コンクリートスラッジの少なくとも一種以上を
用いる。As the molding material and the self-hardening material, at least one kind of fresh concrete sludge such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderately heated Portland cement, white Portland cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement and fly ash cement is used.
【0021】強度付加の作用する鋳造廃砂として、集塵
ダスト、砂処理ダスト、解枠ダスト、生産ラインに流れ
ている生型砂の劣化防止のため間引きした砂、ショット
ダスト及びショット砂、珪石鉱業所のスラッジ、砕石場
のスラッジ及びフライアッシュのうちから少なくとも一
種類以上を用いる。また、鋳造廃砂に含まれる炭素成分
の自己燃焼作用の効果も期待できる。Casting waste sand that acts to add strength includes dust collected dust, sand treated dust, unpacked dust, sand thinned out to prevent deterioration of green sand flowing on the production line, shot dust and shot sand, and silica mining. At least one of sludge at a site, quarry sludge and fly ash is used. In addition, the effect of the self-combustion action of the carbon component contained in the casting waste sand can be expected.
【0022】鋳造廃砂の組成は、間引きした廃砂及びシ
ョット系廃砂は石英の比率が高く、モンモリロナイト粘
土及び長石の比率が低くなっている。一方、非ショット
系廃砂は、逆の比率となっている。鋳物工場により個々
のダストの排出比率は異なるが、炭素の含有量を考慮し
た混合を行なうことで、全ての廃砂が原料として使用す
ることができ、自己燃焼作用の効果が発現する。The composition of the casting waste sand is such that the thinned waste sand and shot type waste sand have a high ratio of quartz and a low ratio of montmorillonite clay and feldspar. On the other hand, non-shot waste sand has the opposite ratio. Although the discharge ratio of individual dust differs depending on the foundry, all waste sand can be used as a raw material by performing mixing in consideration of the carbon content, and the effect of self-combustion is exhibited.
【0023】焼成温度の低下に寄与する材料として、浄
水場発生土、陸砂利選別場のスラッジ、湖沼及びダム等
に堆積した汚泥及び珪藻土質耐火断熱煉瓦の製造時に発
生する珪藻土粉末等の珪藻土質廃棄物のうちから1種類
以上を用いる。As materials contributing to a decrease in the firing temperature, diatomaceous earth such as diatomite powder and the like generated during the production of diatomite refractory insulating bricks and sludge deposited on sludge, lakes, dams and the like at a water purification plant, land gravel sorting plant, etc. Use one or more of the wastes.
【0024】浄水場発生土は、鉱物的には石英、長石、
粘土鉱物から構成され、陸砂利選別場のスラッジ、湖沼
及びダム等に堆積した汚泥及び珪藻土も同様な構成であ
り、泥分の堆積物であることから微細な粒子径より構成
され、水酸化合物を含有している。これらは人工軽量骨
材の主要原料として、焼成温度の引下げに寄与するもの
であるが、化学組成の変動が少ないこと及び粒子径が微
細なことが求められる。The soil generated from the water purification plant is quartz, feldspar,
Sludge and diatomaceous earth deposited on sludge, lakes and marshes, dams, etc. at land gravel sorting plants have the same structure.They are composed of fine particles because they are mud sediments, and are composed of fine particles. It contains. These are the main raw materials of the artificial lightweight aggregate, which contribute to lowering the firing temperature, but are required to have a small variation in the chemical composition and a fine particle diameter.
【0025】本発明における人工軽量骨材の製造方法
は、コンクリートスラッジ、鋳造廃砂及び浄水場発生土
を適正な混合比率(1.0:1.0〜2.5:0.1〜
1.0)で混合し、(この時、発泡剤として炭化珪素を
乾物重量比で0.1〜0.2%添加した)。板状に成型
し、乾燥後破砕機を使用して不定型な砕石状に成型造粒
後、その乾燥物を1000℃近傍で発泡させ、1100
℃〜1300℃で焼成することを特徴とする。The method for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate according to the present invention is characterized in that concrete sludge, casting waste sand and soil generated from a water purification plant are mixed at an appropriate mixing ratio (1.0: 1.0 to 2.5: 0.1 to
1.0) (at this time, silicon carbide was added as a foaming agent in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2% by dry matter weight ratio). After forming into a plate shape, drying and granulating into an irregular crushed stone shape using a crusher, the dried product is foamed at around 1000 ° C.
It is characterized in that it is fired at from 1 to 1300 ° C.
【0026】上記製造方法における発泡は、原料の鋳造
廃砂等に含まれる炭素の未燃焼による還元雰囲気の形成
が、コンクリートスラッジ及び浄水場発生土が含有する
アルカリ金属及びアルカリ土類金属の反応性を高め、炭
化珪素との反応により炭素ガスを発生させることにより
得られるものである。ここで、発泡温度を1000℃近
傍とした根拠は、900℃以下の温度ではアルカリ金属
及びアルカリ土類金属の反応性を高めることが出来ず、
1100℃以上の温度では炭素の燃焼が終了してしま
い、還元雰囲気を形成することが出来ないことにある。
また、形成された気泡は、独立しており、骨材中に均一
に分散していることは、顕微鏡観察により確認できた。In the foaming in the above-mentioned production method, the formation of a reducing atmosphere due to the unburned carbon contained in the raw material casting waste sand or the like is caused by the reactivity of the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal contained in the concrete sludge and the soil generated from the water purification plant. And generating carbon gas by reaction with silicon carbide. Here, the reason for setting the foaming temperature at around 1000 ° C. is that at a temperature of 900 ° C. or less, the reactivity of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals cannot be increased,
At a temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher, the combustion of carbon ends, and a reducing atmosphere cannot be formed.
Further, it was confirmed by microscopic observation that the formed bubbles were independent and were uniformly dispersed in the aggregate.
【0027】上記製造方法で焼成温度を1000〜13
00℃とした根拠は、1000℃以下では焼結が進行せ
ず、吸水率が40%付近まで増加し、破壊荷重が30k
gf以下に低下し、軽量骨材として不適格となることで
ある。また、1300℃以上とした場合は、試料の溶融
と融着が始まり、表面がガラス化するため骨材として不
適格となる。In the above-mentioned production method, the sintering temperature is set at 1000 to 13
The reason for setting the temperature to 00 ° C is that sintering does not proceed below 1000 ° C, the water absorption increases to around 40%, and the breaking load is 30 k.
gf or less, and becomes unsuitable as a lightweight aggregate. If the temperature is 1300 ° C. or higher, melting and fusing of the sample start, and the surface becomes vitrified, which makes the sample unsuitable as an aggregate.
【0028】[0028]
【作用】本発明における人工軽量骨材の製造において、
それぞれの廃棄物を単独で原料としたとき、コンクリー
トスラッジの場合は、成型加工が容易であるが、焼成し
ても骨材としての強度が全く得られない。鋳造廃砂の場
合は、成型加工が極めて困難なこと、及び1300℃以
上の焼成温度を必要とするため実用的でない。また、浄
水場発生土の場合も、成型は容易であるが、乾燥ひび割
れが発生することと1300℃以上の焼成温度を必要と
し、実用的でない。しかし、三種類の廃棄物を混合した
ものは、十分な可塑性を持ち、成型も容易で、粉塵の発
生が小さく、搬送や積み置きが可能な強度を有してい
る。また、焼成温度が1000℃〜1300℃と汎用的
な範囲であり、焼成時の化学反応性(灰長石の析出)に
優れ、焼結性が安定し、含有炭素分と水酸化合物の燃焼
痕により軽量化が可能であり、且つ、発泡及び焼結性が
安定し、高強度で軽量な人工軽量骨材となる。In the production of the artificial lightweight aggregate according to the present invention,
When each waste is used alone as a raw material, concrete sludge can be easily molded, but does not have any strength as an aggregate even when fired. Cast waste sand is not practical because it is extremely difficult to mold and requires a firing temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher. Also, in the case of soil from a water purification plant, molding is easy, but it requires drying crazing and requires a firing temperature of 1300 ° C. or more, which is not practical. However, a mixture of three types of wastes has sufficient plasticity, is easy to mold, generates little dust, and has strength enough to be transported and stacked. In addition, the firing temperature is a general-purpose range of 1000 ° C. to 1300 ° C., excellent in chemical reactivity (precipitation of anorthite) during firing, stable in sinterability, and a burning trace of carbon content and hydroxyl compound. Thus, an artificial lightweight aggregate having high strength and light weight can be obtained, and foaming and sintering properties are stable.
【0029】脱水したコンクリートスラッジは約20%
を水和水を有し、微砂を含むことから、普通ポルトラン
ドセメントに比して二酸化珪素が多い。主要成分である
カルシウムは高温でシリカと反応し、高強度な骨材とな
ることに寄与する。また、脱水したスラッジは、湿潤状
態であれば排出後4日間は自硬性を持ち、成型性に優れ
ている。Dewatered concrete sludge is about 20%
Has water of hydration and contains fine sand, so that it contains more silicon dioxide than ordinary Portland cement. Calcium, which is a main component, reacts with silica at a high temperature and contributes to a high-strength aggregate. In addition, the dewatered sludge has a self-hardening property for 4 days after being discharged in a wet state, and is excellent in moldability.
【0030】生コンクリートに使用されるセメントの種
類は多いが、普通ポルトランドセメントの使用が大部分
である。アルミナセメントを除いた他のセメントの化学
組成はほゞ同じで、カルシアとしての含有量は50〜6
6%の間を変動するに過ぎない。従って、普通ポルトラ
ンドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポル
トランドセメント、白色ポルトランドセメント、高炉セ
メント、シリカセメント及びフライアッシュセメント等
を利用したコンクリートスラッジは、骨材の原料に適し
ている。生コンクリート工場で最も普遍的な、普通ポル
トランドセメントを使用した場合のコンクリートスラッ
ジ及びセメントの化学組成を表1に示す。ただし、アル
ミナセメントは、一般的に多量に使用されていないこと
から、本発明から除き、表中の値にも含まれていない。Although there are many types of cement used for ready-mixed concrete, most use is usually made of Portland cement. The chemical composition of the other cements except alumina cement is almost the same, and the content as calcia is 50-6.
It only fluctuates between 6%. Therefore, concrete sludge using ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderately heated Portland cement, white Portland cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement, fly ash cement and the like is suitable as a raw material for aggregate. Table 1 shows the chemical composition of concrete sludge and cement when ordinary Portland cement is used, which is the most common in ready-mixed concrete factories. However, since alumina cement is not generally used in a large amount, it is not included in the values in the table except for the present invention.
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0031】鋳物工場で使用される生型砂は、珪砂をベ
ースにベントナイト、石炭粉及び澱粉等を合成したもの
で、混練→造型→注湯→解枠→砂処理の工程を循環使用
する。集塵ダスト、砂処理ダスト、解枠ダスト、ショッ
トダスト、ショット砂及び劣化防止のための間引きした
砂が廃砂として各工程から排出される。この廃砂の鉱物
組成を化学組成から推定すると、石英28〜70%、粘
土19〜41%、長石5〜20%、炭素0〜23%であ
ることが公知となっている。石英は、骨材の高強度を発
現する成分となっている。21〜41%含まれている粘
土は、モンモリロナイトで、骨材を成型する際の可塑材
料として、さらには、焼成する際の焼結助剤として機能
する。含有される炭素は、自己燃焼の作用がある。鋳造
廃砂には炭素含有鋳造廃砂(集塵ダスト、砂処理ダス
ト、解枠ダスト及び生産ラインに流れている生型砂の劣
化防止のため間引きした砂)と炭素非含有鋳造廃砂(シ
ョットダスト及びショット砂)に分類され、各々の化学
組成を表2に示す。ここで、全強熱減量の30〜60%
は炭素で、残りの重量は水酸化物及び結晶水によるもの
である。The green sand used in the foundry is a composite of bentonite, coal powder, starch and the like based on silica sand, and the process of kneading → molding → pouring → framing → sand treatment is circulated. Dust collected dust, sand treated dust, unframed dust, shot dust, shot sand, and thinned sand for prevention of deterioration are discharged from each process as waste sand. It is known that the mineral composition of this waste sand is 28-70% quartz, 19-41% clay, 5-20% feldspar, and 0-23% carbon when estimated from the chemical composition. Quartz is a component that expresses the high strength of the aggregate. The clay contained in 21 to 41% is montmorillonite, which functions as a plastic material when molding the aggregate and also as a sintering aid when firing. The contained carbon has the effect of self-combustion. Casting waste sand includes carbon-containing casting waste sand (dust collection dust, sand processing dust, framing dust and sand thinned out to prevent deterioration of green sand flowing to the production line) and carbon-free casting waste sand (shot dust) And shot sand), and their chemical compositions are shown in Table 2. Here, 30-60% of the total ignition loss
Is carbon and the remaining weight is due to hydroxide and water of crystallization.
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0032】浄水場から発生する泥分は、源水に含まれ
る直径1μm以下の微細な粒子であることから、焼結の
温度引下げに寄与する。その化学組成は、一般的な粘土
と比較して、強熱減量及びアルミナ成分が多いが、その
他については天然の粘土と大差は無く、上記の鋳造廃砂
とほゞ同じ化学組成であることから、骨材製造の上で鋳
造廃砂と同様の効果も期待できる。浄水場発生土及び一
般的な粘土の化学組成を表3に示す。ここで、強熱減量
は、有機化合物、水酸化物及び結晶水によるものであ
る。The mud generated from the water purification plant is a fine particle having a diameter of 1 μm or less contained in the source water, and thus contributes to lowering the sintering temperature. Its chemical composition is higher in ignition loss and alumina component than general clay, but there is not much difference from natural clay in other respects, and it has almost the same chemical composition as the above-mentioned foundry sand. In addition, the same effect as the casting waste sand can be expected in the aggregate production. Table 3 shows the chemical composition of the soil generated from the water treatment plant and the general clay. Here, the ignition loss is due to organic compounds, hydroxides and water of crystallization.
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0033】炭化珪素の化学組成を表4に示す。Table 4 shows the chemical composition of silicon carbide.
【表4】 [Table 4]
【0034】本発明の骨材と、従来の骨材とを原料、製
法、粒内気泡及び製品について比較を行なった。その結
果を表5に示す。A comparison was made between the aggregate of the present invention and the conventional aggregate with respect to the raw material, production method, intragranular bubbles and product. Table 5 shows the results.
【表5】 [Table 5]
【0035】[0035]
【実施例】以下に、本発明の実施例を説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
【0036】実施例1 コンクリートスラッジと鋳造廃砂とを乾物重量換算で
1.0:1.8の比率で混合し、さらに、浄水場発生土
の量を5段階に変化させて添加した。引き続き、土練機
により直径28mmの円筒形に押出し成型し、長さ12
0mm〜150mmに切断して乾燥した。乾燥した成型
体の直径は乾燥収縮により平均25mmとなったが、こ
れを長さ50mmに切断し、物性試験を行なうための供
試体とした(これを供試体1とする)。この供試体1に
発泡剤として炭化珪素を乾物重量比で0.1〜0.2%
添加したものを供試体2とする。これらの供試体を電気
炉で最高温度を変化させ、1時間保持して焼成した。Example 1 Concrete sludge and cast waste sand were mixed at a ratio of 1.0: 1.8 in terms of dry matter weight, and the amount of soil generated at a water purification plant was changed in five stages and added. Subsequently, the extruder was extruded into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 28 mm by a clay kneading machine, and the length was
It was cut to 0 mm to 150 mm and dried. The dried molded body had an average diameter of 25 mm due to drying shrinkage, but was cut into a length of 50 mm to obtain a specimen for performing a physical property test (this specimen is referred to as specimen 1). Silicon carbide was added to this sample 1 as a foaming agent in a dry matter weight ratio of 0.1 to 0.2%.
The sample to be added is referred to as Specimen 2. These specimens were fired by changing the maximum temperature in an electric furnace and holding for 1 hour.
【0037】焼成した供試体の吸水率測定結果を図1
(供試体1)及び図5(供試体2)に示す。これらの図
より、同一温度でも、浄水場発生土を添加することによ
り、吸水率が小さくなることが確認できる。即ち、浄水
場発生土の添加量が増加するに従い、吸水率が低下して
いる。このことは、浄水場発生土が適正焼成温度の低減
に寄与しているものと考えられ、焼成温度による吸水率
の変化の傾きは、浄水場発生土の添加量に反比例して緩
やかとなり、焼成温度領域が拡大されたことを示す。FIG. 1 shows the results of measuring the water absorption of the fired specimen.
(Specimen 1) and FIG. 5 (Specimen 2). From these figures, it can be confirmed that even at the same temperature, the water absorption rate is reduced by adding the water purification plant generated soil. That is, as the amount of soil added from the water purification plant increases, the water absorption rate decreases. This suggests that the soil generated by the water purification plant contributes to the reduction of the appropriate firing temperature, and the slope of the change in water absorption depending on the firing temperature becomes gentle in inverse proportion to the amount of soil added to the water purification plant. Indicates that the temperature range has been expanded.
【0038】焼成した供試体の圧縮強度の測定結果を図
2(供試体1)及び図6(供試体2)に示す。図から
は、添加量を増加することにより、圧縮強度の最高値を
示す温度(最適焼成温度)が低下していることが確認で
きる。即ち、浄水場発生土の添加量の増加に従い、低い
温度で最大強度を示しており、このことから、浄水場発
生土の添加による適正焼成温度の引下げ効果が確認でき
る。また、圧縮強度にピークが顕れており、添加量によ
る最適焼成温度の存在が明確である。さらに添加量が1
5%を超えると、僅かではあるが強度低下が認められ
る。したがって、コンクリートスラッジ、鋳造廃砂及び
浄水場発生土の混合比率は1.0:1.8:0.4が好
ましいと判断できる。この時、供試体2では、発泡剤と
して炭化珪素を乾物重量比で0.1〜0.2%を添加す
る。The measurement results of the compressive strength of the fired specimen are shown in FIG. 2 (test specimen 1) and FIG. 6 (test specimen 2). From the figure, it can be confirmed that as the amount of addition increases, the temperature at which the maximum value of the compressive strength (the optimum firing temperature) is lowered. In other words, the maximum strength is shown at a low temperature as the amount of soil added from the water purification plant increases, which confirms the effect of reducing the appropriate firing temperature by the addition of the soil generated from the water purification plant. Further, a peak is observed in the compressive strength, and it is clear that there is an optimum firing temperature depending on the amount of the additive. Furthermore, the addition amount is 1
If it exceeds 5%, a slight decrease in strength is observed. Therefore, it can be determined that the mixing ratio of the concrete sludge, the casting waste sand, and the soil generated from the water purification plant is preferably 1.0: 1.8: 0.4. At this time, in the specimen 2, 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of dry matter of silicon carbide is added as a foaming agent.
【0039】実施例2 コンクリートスラッジ、鋳造廃砂、浄水場発生土を乾物
重量換算で1.0:1.8:0.4の比率で混合機によ
り混合した(供試体3)。また、発泡剤として炭化珪素
を乾物重量比で0.1〜0.2%添加した(供試体
4)。前記実施例1と同様の方法で各供試体3及び4を
作成し、電気炉で最高温度及び保持時間を変化させて焼
成した。Example 2 Concrete sludge, casting waste sand and soil generated from a water purification plant were mixed by a mixer at a ratio of 1.0: 1.8: 0.4 in terms of dry matter weight (sample 3). Further, 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of dry matter of silicon carbide was added as a foaming agent (sample 4). Specimens 3 and 4 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fired in an electric furnace while changing the maximum temperature and the holding time.
【0040】焼成した供試体の圧縮強度の測定結果を図
3(供試体3)及び図7(供試体4)に示す。図より、
圧縮強度を高くするには、焼成温度を高くするよりも、
焼成時間を確保することが必要であると確認出来る。即
ち、焼成時間、焼成温度の増加に伴い、圧縮強度が増加
していることが判る。しかし、焼成時間が60分の場
合、1135℃より高い温度では圧縮強度の増加が鈍く
なってしまう。従って、焼成温度1135℃、焼成時間
60分が最適と判断した。The measurement results of the compressive strength of the fired specimen are shown in FIG. 3 (test specimen 3) and FIG. 7 (test specimen 4). From the figure,
To increase the compressive strength, rather than increase the firing temperature,
It can be confirmed that it is necessary to secure the firing time. That is, it can be seen that the compressive strength increases as the firing time and the firing temperature increase. However, when the firing time is 60 minutes, the increase in compressive strength becomes slow at a temperature higher than 1135 ° C. Therefore, it was determined that the firing temperature of 1135 ° C. and the firing time of 60 minutes were optimal.
【0041】実施例3 実施例1の場合と同じく、コンクリートスラッジ、鋳造
廃砂を乾物重量換算で1.0:1.8の比率で混合し、
さらに、浄水場発生土の量を5段階に変化させて添加
し、実施例1と同様の供試体を作成した(供試体1)。
この時、発泡剤として炭化珪素を乾物重量比で0.1〜
0.2%添加した(供試体2)。これらの供試体を電気
炉で最高温度1135℃、保持時間60分で焼成した。Example 3 As in the case of Example 1, concrete sludge and casting waste sand were mixed at a ratio of 1.0: 1.8 in terms of dry matter weight.
Further, the amount of soil generated from the water purification plant was changed in five stages and added, thereby preparing a specimen similar to that of Example 1 (Specimen 1).
At this time, silicon carbide was used as a foaming agent in a dry matter weight ratio of 0.1 to 0.1%.
0.2% was added (specimen 2). These specimens were fired in an electric furnace at a maximum temperature of 1135 ° C. for a holding time of 60 minutes.
【0042】焼成した供試体の比重測定の結果を図4
(供試体1)及び図8(供試体2)に示す。図では、添
加量15%で最大となるが、目標とする2.0以下に納
まっている。従って、添加量を変化させることで、任意
の比重の骨材が得られる。即ち、浄水場発生土の添加量
が増加するに従い、比重が増加している。しかし、添加
量15%で最大値を示し、それ以降は低下している。従
って、吸水率と圧縮強度を考慮しながら、添加量を調節
することで、任意の比重の骨材が得られることが判る。FIG. 4 shows the results of measurement of the specific gravity of the fired specimen.
(Specimen 1) and FIG. 8 (Specimen 2). In the figure, the maximum value is obtained when the addition amount is 15%, but the value falls below the target value of 2.0. Therefore, an aggregate having an arbitrary specific gravity can be obtained by changing the amount of addition. That is, the specific gravity increases as the amount of soil added from the water purification plant increases. However, the maximum value was obtained at an addition amount of 15%, and thereafter decreased. Therefore, it is understood that an aggregate having an arbitrary specific gravity can be obtained by adjusting the amount of addition in consideration of the water absorption and the compressive strength.
【0043】実施例4 実施例2の場合と同じく、コンクリートスラッジ、鋳造
廃砂、浄水場発生土の乾物重量比率を1.0:1.8:
0.4として土練機を用いて混練させた後、厚み20m
mの板状に成型し乾燥させた(供試体5)。供試体6で
は発泡剤として炭化珪素を乾物重量比で0.1〜0.2
%添加した。これらの乾燥物を破砕機で砕石状に造粒
し、それをローラーハースキルン(長さ45m、巾1.
2m)を用いて、焼成温度1135℃で焼成した。Example 4 As in Example 2, the dry matter weight ratio of the concrete sludge, the casting waste sand and the soil generated from the water purification plant was 1.0: 1.8:
After kneading using a kneading machine as 0.4, the thickness is 20 m
m and dried (sample 5). In test sample 6, silicon carbide was used as a foaming agent in a dry matter weight ratio of 0.1 to 0.2.
% Was added. These dried products are granulated into crushed stones using a crusher, which is then rolled into a roller hearth kiln (length 45 m, width 1.
2m) at a firing temperature of 1135 ° C.
【0044】上記手法による試作によって得られた骨材
を、JIS A 5002(構造用軽量コンクリート骨
材)に基づいて品質試験及び物性評価を行なった。その
結果をそれぞれ表6、表7に示す。試作した人工軽量骨
材の物性は、JIS規格値を全て満足しており、実用化
出来ることを確認した。なお、表6及び表7中の「本発
明実施例品」は、供試体5及び供試体6を示す。The quality test and the physical property evaluation of the aggregate obtained by the trial production according to the above method were performed based on JIS A 5002 (lightweight concrete aggregate for structure). The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively. The physical properties of the prototype artificial lightweight aggregate satisfied all the JIS standard values, and it was confirmed that it could be put to practical use. In addition, “Example of the present invention” in Tables 6 and 7 indicates the specimen 5 and the specimen 6.
【表6】 [Table 6]
【表7】 [Table 7]
【0045】この試作した人工軽量骨材(供試体5及び
供試体6)を用いて、JIS A5002、及び、同5
308に基づいて、軽量コンクリートとしての試し練り
試験(プレーンコンクリート及び軽量コンクリート1
種)を行ない、規格値への適合の可否を確認した。使用
した材料の基本物性を表8に、示方配合を表9に示す。
また、本発明における人工軽量骨材の寸法は5〜15m
mで、その粒度分布を表10に示す。JIS A5002 and JIS A5002 were manufactured using the artificial lightweight aggregates (samples 5 and 6).
Based on 308, a trial mix test as lightweight concrete (plain concrete and lightweight concrete 1)
Seeds) were conducted to confirm the conformity to the standard values. Table 8 shows the basic physical properties of the materials used, and Table 9 shows the indicated composition.
The size of the artificial lightweight aggregate in the present invention is 5 to 15 m.
In Table m, the particle size distribution is shown in Table 10.
【表8】 [Table 8]
【表9】 [Table 9]
【表10】 [Table 10]
【0046】JIS A 5002に基づいて行なっ
た、コンクリートとしての試し練り(プレーンコンクリ
ート)の試験結果による区分、及びコンクリート物性値
を表11に示す。骨材の品質試験結果(表4)と同様、
JIS A 5002(構造用人工軽量骨材)及びJI
S A 5308の全ての規格を満足しており、十分実
用化が可能であることが確認出来た。Table 11 shows the classification based on the test results of the test mixing (plain concrete) of concrete performed based on JIS A 5002 and the physical properties of concrete. As with the quality test results of the aggregate (Table 4),
JIS A 5002 (artificial lightweight aggregate for structure) and JI
All the standards of SA 5308 were satisfied, and it was confirmed that practical application is possible.
【表11】 [Table 11]
【0047】試作した人工軽量骨材についてJIS A
5308によるアルカリシリカ反応性試験を化学法に
より実施した。その結果を表12に示す。骨材によるひ
び割れ原因となるアルカリシリカ反応に対しては、十分
に無害だと言える。JIS A regarding artificial lightweight aggregates made as prototypes
The alkali silica reactivity test according to 5308 was performed by a chemical method. Table 12 shows the results. It can be said that it is sufficiently harmless to the alkali-silica reaction that causes cracks due to the aggregate.
【表12】 [Table 12]
【0048】実施例5 鋳造廃砂の代替材料としての焼成及び品質の確認を行な
った。まず、コンクリートスラッジと浄水場発生土を乾
物重量換算で1.0:0.4の比率で混合し、珪石鉱業
所のスラッジ、砕石場のスラッジ、及びフライアッシュ
の3種類を、個々に乾物重量換算でコンクリートスラッ
ジの1.8倍の量を添加し、混合機により混合した。さ
らに、実施例1と同様の方法で供試体を作成し、電気炉
で最高温度1135℃、保持時間60分で焼成した。Example 5 Baking as a substitute for the casting waste sand and the quality thereof were confirmed. First, concrete sludge and soil from a water treatment plant were mixed at a ratio of 1.0: 0.4 in terms of dry matter weight, and three types of sludge from a silica quarry, sludge from a quarry, and fly ash were individually dried on a dry matter basis. 1.8 times the amount of concrete sludge in terms of conversion was added and mixed with a mixer. Further, a specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fired in an electric furnace at a maximum temperature of 1135 ° C. for a holding time of 60 minutes.
【0049】前記の供試体の比重、吸水率、圧縮強度の
測定結果を表13に示す。浄水場発生土と比較して大き
な変化は見られない。従って、代替原料を使用したもの
も、人工軽量骨材として使用できることを確認した。Table 13 shows the measurement results of the specific gravity, the water absorption and the compressive strength of the specimen. There is no significant change compared to the soil generated from the water treatment plant. Therefore, it was confirmed that the one using the alternative raw material can be used as an artificial lightweight aggregate.
【表13】 [Table 13]
【0050】実施例6 浄水場発生土の代替材料の同一品質を得るための焼成温
度を求める試験を行なった。コンクリートスラッジ及び
鋳造廃砂を乾物重量換算で1.0:1.8の比率で混合
し、陸砂利選別場のスラッジ、湖沼及びダム等の堆積汚
泥、珪藻土の3種類を個々に乾物重量比でコンクリート
スラッジの0.4倍の量を添加し、混合機により混合し
た。前記実施例1と同様の方法で供試体を作成し、電気
炉で焼成温度1135℃、保持時間60分で焼成した。Example 6 A test was conducted to determine the firing temperature for obtaining the same quality of the substitute material for the water purification plant generated soil. Concrete sludge and foundry waste sand are mixed at a ratio of 1.0: 1.8 in terms of dry matter weight, and three types of sludge, sedimentary sludge from lakes and dams, and diatomaceous earth at land gravel sorting plant are individually analyzed by dry matter weight ratio. 0.4 times the amount of the concrete sludge was added and mixed by a mixer. Specimens were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and fired in an electric furnace at a firing temperature of 1135 ° C. for a holding time of 60 minutes.
【0051】焼成した供試体の比重、吸水率及び圧縮強
度を測定した結果を表14に示す。浄水場発生土を用い
た骨材の物性と代替材料を用いた骨材の物性とを比較し
ても大きな差が認められない。従って、代替原料を使用
したものも、人工軽量骨材用原料として使用できること
を確認した。Table 14 shows the measurement results of the specific gravity, the water absorption and the compressive strength of the fired specimen. No significant difference is observed when comparing the physical properties of the aggregate using the water purification plant generated soil with the aggregate using the alternative material. Therefore, it was confirmed that a material using an alternative material could be used as a material for artificial lightweight aggregate.
【表14】 [Table 14]
【0052】実施例7 コンクリートスラッジ及び浄水場発生土を乾物重量換算
で1.0:0.4の比率で混合し、含有炭素量が0%,
2%,4%,6%,8%となるように調合した鋳造廃砂
を乾物重量換算でコンクリートスラッジの1.8倍の量
を添加混合した。この時、発泡剤として炭化珪素を乾物
重量比で0.1〜0.2%を添加した。前記実施例1と
同様な方法で供試体を作成し、電気炉で最高温度113
5℃、保持時間60分で焼成した。ただし、昇温中の1
000℃における保持時間は30分とした。Example 7 Concrete sludge and soil from a water treatment plant were mixed at a ratio of 1.0: 0.4 in terms of dry matter weight, and the carbon content was 0%.
Cast waste sand prepared to be 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% was added and mixed in an amount 1.8 times the amount of concrete sludge in terms of dry matter weight. At this time, 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of dry matter of silicon carbide was added as a foaming agent. Specimens were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and were subjected to a maximum temperature of 113 in an electric furnace.
Baking was performed at 5 ° C. for a holding time of 60 minutes. However, 1
The holding time at 000 ° C. was 30 minutes.
【0053】焼成した供試体の比重、吸水率、圧縮強度
の測定結果を図9及び図10に示す。炭素量の増加に従
い比重が減少する。しかし、炭素量が8%になると急激
に強度及び吸水率が低下し、一部に未燃炭素の存在と骨
材同士の融着の発生が見受けられた。また、炭素量2%
の場合、比重が大きく発泡もほとんど見られない。従っ
て、鋳造廃砂に含まれる炭素量は、2〜6%に調合する
ことが望ましいことを確認した。FIGS. 9 and 10 show the measurement results of the specific gravity, the water absorption and the compressive strength of the fired specimen. The specific gravity decreases as the carbon content increases. However, when the carbon content was 8%, the strength and water absorption decreased rapidly, and the presence of unburned carbon and the occurrence of fusion between the aggregates were observed in part. In addition, carbon content 2%
In the case of (1), the specific gravity is large and foaming is hardly observed. Therefore, it was confirmed that the amount of carbon contained in the casting waste sand is desirably adjusted to 2 to 6%.
【0054】実施例8 コンクリートスラッジ、炭素量4%の鋳造廃砂及び浄水
場発生土を乾物重量換算で1:1.8:0.4の比率で
混合し、炭化珪素を乾物重量比で0%,0.1%,0.
2%,0.3%を添加し、混合機により混合した。実施
例1と同様な方法で供試体を作成し、電気炉で最高温度
1135℃、保持時間60分で焼成した。ただし、昇温
中の1000℃における保持時間は30分とした。Example 8 Concrete sludge, cast waste sand having a carbon content of 4%, and soil generated from a water treatment plant were mixed at a ratio of 1: 1.8: 0.4 in terms of dry matter weight, and silicon carbide was mixed at a dry matter weight ratio of 0. %, 0.1%, 0.
2% and 0.3% were added and mixed by a mixer. Specimens were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fired in an electric furnace at a maximum temperature of 1135 ° C. for a holding time of 60 minutes. However, the holding time at 1000 ° C. during the temperature rise was 30 minutes.
【0055】焼成した供試体の比重、吸水率、圧縮強度
の測定結果を図11及び図12に示す。炭化珪素の増加
に従い、発泡量の増加により比重が小さくなるが、添加
量0.3%で骨材強度が急激に低下した。従って、炭化
珪素の添加量は、0.1〜0.2%が好ましいことを確
認した。FIGS. 11 and 12 show the measurement results of the specific gravity, the water absorption and the compressive strength of the fired specimen. As the amount of silicon carbide increases, the specific gravity decreases due to the increase in the amount of foaming. However, when the amount added is 0.3%, the aggregate strength sharply decreases. Therefore, it was confirmed that the addition amount of silicon carbide is preferably 0.1 to 0.2%.
【0056】[0056]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、コンクリートスラ
ッジ及び鋳物廃砂に浄水場発生土を添加することによ
り、無添加のものと比較して焼成温度は低下し、焼成温
度域が拡大した。また、無添加のものよりも品質は優れ
ていた。製造工程では、造粒時にペレタイザーを使用し
ないため粉塵発生量は少なく集塵機を必要とせず、造粒
物は乾燥強度を有することから、貯蔵、運搬に優れてい
る等の特徴を有していた。As described above, by adding the soil generated from the water treatment plant to concrete sludge and casting waste sand, the firing temperature was reduced and the firing temperature range was expanded as compared with the case where no soil was added. Further, the quality was superior to that of the additive-free one. In the manufacturing process, the amount of dust generated was small because a pelletizer was not used at the time of granulation, and a dust collector was not required. The granulated material had excellent drying strength and was excellent in storage and transport, and had such features.
【0057】本発明の人工軽量骨材は、構造用軽量コン
クリート骨材としての品質規格を充分に満足し、実用化
できるものであることが判った。さらに、質量が不要な
ものであれば土木用骨材としても充分規格を満足できる
ものと思われ、橋梁本体、暗梁等の土木用コンクリート
製品への応用が考えられる。さらに、軽量・多孔質を生
かしてカーテンウォールのような建築用コンクリート2
次製品・農業用表土改良材・装飾材料・道路の下層路盤
材等への応用が考えられる。It has been found that the artificial lightweight aggregate of the present invention sufficiently satisfies the quality standard as a structural lightweight concrete aggregate and can be put to practical use. Furthermore, if the mass is unnecessary, it is considered that the standard can be sufficiently satisfied as an aggregate for civil engineering, and application to concrete products for civil engineering such as a bridge main body and a dark beam can be considered. In addition, concrete and architectural materials such as curtain walls 2
It can be applied to the following products, agricultural topsoil improving materials, decorative materials, road subgrade materials, etc.
【図1】供試体1における浄水場発生土の添加量が異な
る焼成ペレットの吸水率と焼成温度の関係を示すグラ
フ。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the water absorption rate and the sintering temperature of sintering pellets in which the amount of soil added from a water purification plant in a specimen 1 is different.
【図2】供試体1における発生土の添加量が異なる焼成
ペレットの圧縮強度と焼成温度の関係を示すグラフ。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the compressive strength and the sintering temperature of the sintering pellets in which the amount of the generated soil added to the specimen 1 is different.
【図3】供試体3における異なる時間で焼成したペレッ
トの圧縮強度と焼成温度の関係を示すグラフ。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the compressive strength of pellets fired at different times in sample 3 and the firing temperature.
【図4】供試体1における焼成温度1135℃、焼成時
間60分としたときの発生土の添加量と比重の関係を示
すグラフ。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of soil added and the specific gravity when the firing temperature is 1135 ° C. and the firing time is 60 minutes in the specimen 1.
【図5】供試体2における浄水場発生土の添加量が異な
る焼成ペレットの吸水率と焼成温度の関係を示すグラ
フ。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the water absorption and the sintering temperature of sintered pellets in which the amount of soil added from a water purification plant in the specimen 2 is different.
【図6】供試体2における発生土の添加量が異なる焼成
ペレットの圧縮強度と焼成温度の関係を示すグラフ。FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the compressive strength and the sintering temperature of the sintering pellets in which the amount of the generated soil added to the specimen 2 is different.
【図7】供試体4における異なる時間で焼成したペレッ
トの圧縮強度と焼成温度の関係を示すグラフ。FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the compressive strength of pellets fired at different times in sample 4 and the firing temperature.
【図8】供試体2における焼成温度1135℃、焼成時
間60分としたときの発生土の添加量と比重の関係を示
すグラフ。FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of soil added and the specific gravity at a firing temperature of 1135 ° C. and a firing time of 60 minutes in test piece 2.
【図9】実施例7により焼成した供試体について、含有
炭素量を変化させた時の比重の変化及び吸水率の変化を
示したグラフ。FIG. 9 is a graph showing a change in specific gravity and a change in water absorption when the carbon content of the specimen fired in Example 7 is changed.
【図10】実施例7により焼成した供試体について、含
有炭素量を変化させた時の圧縮強度の変化を示したグラ
フ。FIG. 10 is a graph showing the change in compressive strength when the carbon content of the specimen fired in Example 7 is changed.
【図11】実施例8により焼成した供試体について、炭
化珪素添加量を変化させた時の比重の変化及び吸水率の
変化を示したグラフ。FIG. 11 is a graph showing a change in specific gravity and a change in water absorption when the amount of silicon carbide added was changed for a specimen fired in Example 8.
【図12】実施例8により焼成した供試体について、炭
化珪素添加量を変化させた時の圧縮強度の変化を示した
グラフ。FIG. 12 is a graph showing a change in compressive strength of a specimen fired according to Example 8 when the amount of silicon carbide added was changed.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 FI C04B 38/02 C04B 38/02 K (72)発明者 塚林 和雄 石川県金沢市戸水町ロ1番地 石川県工業 試験場内 (72)発明者 中村 静夫 石川県金沢市戸水町ロ1番地 石川県工業 試験場内 (72)発明者 北村 義治 石川県石川郡野々市町若松町4番1号 金 沢生コンクリート株式会社野々市工場内 (72)発明者 坂本 正司 石川県石川郡野々市町若松町4番1号 金 沢生コンクリート株式会社野々市工場内 (72)発明者 宮前 隆男 石川県石川郡野々市町若松町4番1号 金 沢生コンクリート株式会社野々市工場内 (72)発明者 高島 敏彦 石川県石川郡野々市町若松町4番1号 金 沢生コンクリート株式会社野々市工場内──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code FI C04B 38/02 C04B 38/02 K (72) Inventor Kazuo Tsukabayashi No. 1 Tomicho-cho, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa Ishikawa Pref. 72) Inventor Shizuo Nakamura 1 Tomicho-cho, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa Pref.Ishikawa Prefectural Industrial Testing Center (72) Inventor Yoshiharu Kitamura 4-1 Wakamatsu-cho, Nonoichi-cho, Ishikawa-gun, Ishikawa Pref. ) Inventor Masaji Sakamoto 4-1 Wakamatsucho, Nonoichi-cho, Ishikawa-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture Inside the Nonoichi Plant of Kanazawa Fresh Concrete Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takao Miyama 4-1 Wakamatsucho, Nonoichi-cho, Ishikawa-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture Kanazawa Fresh Concrete Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshihiko Takashima 4-1 Wakamatsucho, Nonoichi-cho, Ishikawa-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture Kanazawa Fresh Concrete Co., Ltd. Inside the Ichiichi factory
Claims (13)
ジ、鋳造廃砂及び浄水場発生土を主原料としたことを特
徴とする人工軽量骨材。1. An artificial lightweight aggregate characterized by using concrete sludge, casting waste sand, and soil generated from a water purification plant as industrial wastes as main raw materials.
スラッジ、鋳造廃砂及び浄水場発生土の三種類とし、且
つ、発泡剤を添加し、分散、独立した気泡の内部発泡を
促進させて成ることを特徴とする人工軽量骨材。2. The main raw material is made of industrial sludge, concrete sludge, casting waste sand and soil generated from a water treatment plant, and a foaming agent is added to promote dispersion and independent internal foaming of bubbles. An artificial lightweight aggregate characterized in that:
水場発生土の混合比率が、乾物重量換算で1.0:1.
0〜2.5:0.1〜1.0であることを特徴とする請
求項1又は請求項2記載の人工軽量骨材。3. The mixing ratio of concrete sludge, casting waste sand and soil generated from a water purification plant is 1.0: 1.
The artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio is 0 to 2.5: 0.1 to 1.0.
クリートスラッジは、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強
ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、
白色ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、シリカセメ
ント及びフライアッシュセメント等を利用したコンクリ
ートスラッジであることを特徴とする請求項1,2又は
請求項3記載の人工軽量骨材。4. Concrete sludge used as a molding material and a self-hardening material includes ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderately heated Portland cement,
The artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the artificial lightweight aggregate is a concrete sludge using white Portland cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement, fly ash cement, or the like.
集塵ダスト、砂処理ダスト、解枠ダスト、生産ラインに
流れている生型砂の劣化防止のため間引きした砂、ショ
ットダスト及びショット砂から少なくとも一種類以上を
用いることを特徴とする請求項1,2,3又は請求項4
記載の人工軽量骨材。5. As a strength-adding material in the casting waste sand,
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of dust collection dust, sand processing dust, unsealing dust, thinned sand, shot dust and shot sand is used to prevent deterioration of the green sand flowing on the production line. 2, 3 or claim 4
The artificial lightweight aggregate described.
せる材料として、浄水工程の沈降池で発生した微粒の泥
分である浄水場発生土を用いることを特徴とする請求項
1,2,3,4又は請求項5記載の人工軽量骨材。6. A water purification plant generated soil, which is fine mud generated in a sedimentation pond in a water purification step, is used as a material for lowering a firing temperature and expanding a firing temperature range. The artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 3, 4, or 5.
造廃砂の一部又は全ての代替として、珪石鉱業所のスラ
ッジ、砕石場のスラッジ、フライアッシュのうち1種類
以上を用いることを特徴とする請求項1,2,3,4,
5又は請求項6記載の人工軽量骨材。7. As a part or all of the non-carbon-containing casting waste sand used as a strength-adding material, at least one of a sludge from a quartzite mine, a sludge from a quarry and a fly ash is used. Claims 1, 2, 3, 4,
The artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 5 or 6.
せる材料の一部又は全ての代替として、陸砂利選別場の
スラッジ、湖沼及びダム等に推積した汚泥、珪藻土質廃
棄物のうち1種類以上を用いることを特徴とする請求項
1,2,3,4,5,6又は請求項7記載の人工軽量骨
材。8. As a substitute for part or all of the material for lowering the sintering temperature and expanding the sintering temperature range, one of sludge and diatomite waste accumulated in sludge, lakes, dams, etc. of a land gravel sorting plant. The artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, wherein at least one kind is used.
2〜6%相当量の微細な炭化珪素を添加して、焼成途中
の1000℃近傍の温度で発泡させることにより、独立
した微細な気泡を骨材内に分散させて成ることを特徴と
する請求項2,3,4,5,6,7又は請求項8記載の
人工軽量骨材。9. Addition of fine silicon carbide in an amount equivalent to 2 to 6% in terms of dry matter of the total carbon content of the raw material, and foaming at a temperature of about 1000 ° C. during firing, thereby obtaining independent fine powder. 9. The artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 2, wherein air bubbles are dispersed in the aggregate.
浄水場発生土を混合し、板状に成型し乾燥し、その乾燥
物を破砕機により砕石状に造粒し、1000℃〜130
0℃で焼成することにより、焼成物を得ることを特徴と
する人工軽量骨材の製造方法。10. Concrete sludge, casting waste sand and soil generated from a water purification plant are mixed, molded into a plate and dried, and the dried product is granulated into crushed stones by a crusher, and then cooled to 1000 ° C. to 130 ° C.
A method for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate, wherein a fired product is obtained by firing at 0 ° C.
浄水場発生土の混合比率を、乾物重量換算で1.0:
1.0〜2.5:0.1〜1.0にして、成型後、焼成
することを特徴とする請求項10記載の人工軽量骨材の
製造方法。11. The mixing ratio of concrete sludge, foundry sand and soil generated from a water treatment plant is calculated as 1.0:
11. The method for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 10, wherein the molded article is fired after being formed at a ratio of 1.0 to 2.5: 0.1 to 1.0.
浄水場発生土に発泡剤として炭化珪素を乾物重量比で
0.1〜0.2%添加混合した乾燥物を、焼成途中の1
000℃近傍の温度で発泡させ、さらに1000℃〜1
300℃で焼成することにより、焼成物を得ることを特
徴とする人工軽量骨材の製造方法。12. A dry product obtained by adding 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of silicon carbide as a foaming agent as a foaming agent to concrete sludge, casting waste sand, and soil generated from a water purification plant and mixing the dried product with the mixture.
Foamed at a temperature near 000 ° C, and
A method for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate, wherein a fired product is obtained by firing at 300 ° C.
浄水場発生土を混合し、板状に成型し乾燥すると共に、
この時、発泡剤として炭化珪素を乾物重量比で0.1〜
0.2%添加し、この後、乾燥物を破砕して造粒したも
のを焼成することにより、砕石形状の焼成物を得ること
を特徴とする請求項12記載の人工軽量骨材の製造方
法。13. Mixing concrete sludge, casting waste sand and soil generated from a water treatment plant, forming the mixture into a plate, drying the mixture,
At this time, silicon carbide was used as a foaming agent in a dry matter weight ratio of 0.1 to 0.1%.
The method for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 12, wherein 0.2% is added, and thereafter, the dried material is crushed and granulated to obtain a crushed stone-shaped fired material. .
Priority Applications (1)
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JP32101896A JP3188200B2 (en) | 1996-11-15 | 1996-11-15 | Manufacturing method of artificial lightweight aggregate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP32101896A JP3188200B2 (en) | 1996-11-15 | 1996-11-15 | Manufacturing method of artificial lightweight aggregate |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH10152356A true JPH10152356A (en) | 1998-06-09 |
JP3188200B2 JP3188200B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 |
Family
ID=18127882
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JP32101896A Expired - Fee Related JP3188200B2 (en) | 1996-11-15 | 1996-11-15 | Manufacturing method of artificial lightweight aggregate |
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KR20010007809A (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2001-02-05 | 김영호 | Concrete composition using the waste concrete and the method for the preparation of concrete structure using the save |
JP2002254099A (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-10 | Yoshiaki Sato | Recovering method of fine powder of concrete sludge, device therefor and fine powder of concrete sludge |
EP1641556A1 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2006-04-05 | James Hardie International Finance B.V. | Methods for producing low density products |
WO2008087199A1 (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-24 | Sika Technology Ag | Light weight aggregate |
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JP2014133667A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-24 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method for producing autoclaved lightweight concrete |
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Cited By (18)
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KR20010007809A (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2001-02-05 | 김영호 | Concrete composition using the waste concrete and the method for the preparation of concrete structure using the save |
JP2002254099A (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-10 | Yoshiaki Sato | Recovering method of fine powder of concrete sludge, device therefor and fine powder of concrete sludge |
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US7993570B2 (en) | 2002-10-07 | 2011-08-09 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Durable medium-density fibre cement composite |
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US7998571B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2011-08-16 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Composite cement article incorporating a powder coating and methods of making same |
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JP2014133667A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-24 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Method for producing autoclaved lightweight concrete |
US9016090B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2015-04-28 | Hamid Hojaji | Glass microspheres comprising sulfide, and methods of producing glass microspheres |
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