JP2024049267A - New seabed improvement agent 3 promotes the binding of marine plastic waste with radioactive contaminants and heavy metals in seawater - Google Patents

Abstract

Problem: Conventional waste oil treatment agents spread onto land and sea surfaces, causing environmental pollution, and oil absorption mats do not contribute to reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Chemical treatment leaves oil and marine litter and plastic litter untouched, which has problems with the natural environment and soil improvement effects, and increases the microbial decomposition effect and reduces the impact on environmental pollution. [Solution] The raw materials are a mixture of volcanic ash, coal ash, incineration ash, and zeolite containing silica components, organic magnetic materials and electrode raw materials, activated carbon, charcoal, gypsum, lime, slag, clay, iron powder, aluminum powder, rice husk, sand, wood chips, salt or caustic soda, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium silicate, and soap powder, which are sprayed with inorganic mucin, starch, seaweed, jellyfish, dried natto powder, vegetable oil, animal oil, and water solutions to form granular solids, and the granular solids are also sprayed, preventing the solid raw materials from scattering and accurately penetrating and absorbing contaminated water and oil, and the bubbles generated by the reaction between the raw materials in the solids and the contaminated water and pollutants envelop the contaminated water and oil, forming a solid. [Selected drawing] Figure 2

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE PRESENT ART

This invention prevents the spread of oil on the surface of oceans, rivers, harbors, and lakes in the event of a contaminated water or oil spill, and adsorbs and solidifies contaminants and oil, including contaminated water, as well as marine debris such as wood chips, seaweed, fishing nets, plastics, and microchips, sinking them to the bottom of the sea and converting them into carbon dioxide and chlorine, while supplementing iron, phosphorus, and nitrogen, which are essential for natural decomposition, and enhancing the ionic bond effect through electrical conduction between microorganisms and the anode and cathode. It also reduces the impact on environmental pollution and is highly useful from the perspective of protecting the natural environment.

The type of product that solidifies the oil with an absorbent mat and then throws it away as garbage has problems with the effort required for collection and incineration, and does not contribute to reducing carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, it causes problems with the oil adhering to birds, fish, shellfish, and beach sand, and the type that solidifies the oil has problems with the natural environment and water quality, with the spread of raw materials, the loss of oil, and marine litter, and settling, when sprayed in the air or used on land or sea surfaces.

Patent No. 604329 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-231897 requires a process of mixing and kneading each material and aggregate with water, removing them into a formwork, curing them, removing them from the formwork and forming them into a molded product, and then submerging the molded product block in water.

Problem to be solved by the invention

Conventional agents for treating contaminated water and waste oil, which are the cause of marine pollution, are sprayed in the air or dropped or spread on land and sea surfaces, causing environmental pollution. In addition, agents that absorb contaminated water and oil and turn them into solids and then discard them as marine litter require the effort of collection and incineration, and do not contribute to reducing carbon dioxide. Agents that solidify the contaminated water and oil are used in large quantities, causing problems with the natural environment in the water and the effect of improving the soil.

Furthermore, the cost of the solvent treatment is high, making it difficult to carry out, and resulting in high costs.

Means for solving the problem

The raw materials for the contaminated water and oil treatment agent are a mixture of volcanic ash, coal ash, incineration ash, or zeolite containing silica components, organic magnetic and electrode raw materials, activated carbon, charcoal, gypsum, lime, slag, clay, iron powder, aluminum powder, rice husk, sand, wood chips, salt or caustic soda, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium silicate, cement, and carbide, which are then sprayed with inorganic protein mucin, starch, seaweed, jellyfish, and natto (dried powder and aqueous solution) to form granules, which are then spread for the purpose of contaminated water and oil treatment. The main component, soluble silicic acid, penetrates and absorbs the contaminated water and oil, and the foam containing air bubbles captures the contaminants and turns them into a solid material. The granular solid material is then filled into storage facilities and tunnels, and the foam is used to seal cracks and water-logged areas to form an integrated structure. Also, a dam made of bags of granular solids is constructed, and cracks in the collapsed levee are repaired and the leaking gaps are solidified with a foam structure. In addition, by scattering solids into contaminated water for the purpose of treating contaminated water, oil, and marine garbage, the granular solids dissolve, and the water in the contaminated water or oil reacts with the solids to produce bubbles and foam that envelop the contaminants, oil, and marine plastic garbage in the contaminated water, preventing them from leaking out and spreading. The solids are then sunk to the bottom of the sea as solids, and the anode, which is electrically connected to the electrode in the solids, dissolves Fe ions and S ions, and the cathode part dissolves 1/2.002+H2O+2e-→2OH- in seawater→OH-. Among the plastic garbage, PET bottles, PET resin, is mainly composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen,
Approximately one-third of the material is oxygen derived from the air, making this resin less dependent on petroleum than other plastics.
2) Compared to other plastics, plastic waste contains a lot of oxygen, which is heavier than carbon, so it is denser than water and sinks, breaking down into carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. The plastic waste is converted into carbon dioxide and chlorine, and combines with phosphorus, nitrogen, ammonia, cesium, carbon dioxide, etc. in the seawater, depositing calcium carbonate on the cathode electrode surface, promoting the attachment and growth of seaweed, microorganisms, young shellfish, and young coral, while the carbon dioxide is fixed as calcium carbonate deposits on the seabed. Also, the electrolysis of water increases the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water.

自然環境保護の観点からも動植物への影響を少なくし、利用価値の高いものである。本発明は空中散布又は海洋及び陸上散布、河川及び護岸の形成材として、水質浄化及び藻場及び植生コンクリートブロック機能と、自然災害時及び緊急時の汚染水及び油処理、海洋ゴミとプラスチック及びマイクロチップゴミを吸着し海底に固定分解する機能並びに、核保管施設内及びトンネル内の亀裂、漏水修復及び隙間を塞ぎ、出入口の密閉すると伴に、一体構造物になる目的としている。In addition, it completely eliminates the impact on the environment, reduces the time and effort required to collect contaminated water and oil, and enhances the effect of microbial decomposition by supplementing the iron, phosphorus, and nitrogen that are essential for natural decomposition. The chemical formula (molecular formula, composition formula, and structural formula) of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is as follows.

From the viewpoint of protecting the natural environment, it has a low impact on plants and animals, and is highly valuable. The present invention is intended to be used for aerial or ocean and land spraying, as a material for forming rivers and banks, to purify water and create concrete blocks for seaweed beds and vegetation, to treat contaminated water and oil in natural disasters and emergencies, to adsorb marine debris, plastic, and microchip debris and fix and decompose them on the seabed, and to repair cracks and leaks in nuclear storage facilities and tunnels, to seal entrances and exits, and to form integrated structures.

As another example, in the event of an oil spill, bags of granular solid material are set up, and the bags are made of paper bags or a combination of carbon fiber, chemical fiber, and aluminum foil. Connecting metal fittings with convex top and bottom are placed on the outer surface and outer back surface of the bags. The bags are then placed on top of the connecting metal fittings, and concave connecting metal fittings or stakes are inserted on top of the connected bags to construct a protective wall or earth wall.

As another example, filling gaps in contaminated material storage facilities and storage tunnels with granular solids can be used as a buffer material that generates foam to harden and seal gaps, as a leak and corrosion prevention material, as a crack repair material, and as a bulkhead for entrances and exits. Granular solids are packed into paper bags or permeable cloth bags made of a combination of carbon fiber, chemical fiber, and aluminum foil, and when ready-mixed concrete is laid and pumped, bags filled with granular fertilizer are inserted into the permeable cloth bags, and metal fittings are inserted from above the laid or stacked bags to fix them to the soil and harden them. Also, by connecting and constructing multiple bags, gaps are filled with foam to form an integrated structure, and ionic bonds with the sesquioxane components of contaminated water are achieved through electrical conduction between the electrode material and magnetic pole material.

As another example, if powdered solids are filled into permeable paper bags, carbon fiber bags, synthetic fiber sheet bags, or containers in the gaps between the storage facilities and storage containers at a nuclear final disposal site, and the mixture is adjusted according to the intended use, a dual structure will be created that has the functions of water purification of heavy metals and heavy metal adsorption, as well as an integrated structure.

By simply pouring or scattering the granular solids, which are made by mixing the various materials, into bags or dissolving containers, on the ocean or underwater marine debris during contaminated water or oil spills, the solids will dissolve easily, generating foam that reacts with the oil, contaminated water, and contaminants, forming an integral molded product and fixing it in place. It also functions as a buffer material for the bulkheads and damaged repairs of entrances and exits in nuclear facilities and storage containers and gaps within storage facilities in the event of a nuclear power plant explosion, and can be used as a contaminated water and oil treatment material, and can be used to repair cracks and leaks inside and outside facilities and tunnels, providing disaster prevention functions, making it easy to implement.

The mixture is placed in a permeable bag and closed with a lid, and the electrode plate and magnetic pole plate, which have connecting metal fittings arranged on the upper and lower outer surfaces of the outer surface and the outer back surface of the bag, are pressed into the bag and fixed therein.
Example 1. When an electrode plate (1) is connected to an iron material and a galvanic anode (magnesium alloy cathode) and immersed in seawater, a current flows through the surface of the iron material, and the alkaline component OH- is generated on the surface of the iron material. Calcium ions Ca2+, bicarbonate ions HCO3-, and magnesium ions Mg2+ in the seawater form a precipitate as shown in the following formula and adhere to the surface of the electrode steel material. This deposit is recognized as electrode deposit.
Ca2++HCO3-+OH-→CaCO3↓+H2O
Mg2++2OH- → Mg(OH)2↓
(3) The electrode coating is similar to calcium carbonate, which is the main component of the skeletons of shellfish and reef-building corals, and has the characteristic that it is easy for young corals to attach to it.
(4) By utilizing this principle, a base on which calcium carbonate is precipitated on the surface of a metal base through which a magnetic current is passed to ensure electrical and magnetic conductivity is ensured is an electrode base, with the aim of promoting the attachment and growth of seaweed, microorganisms, young shellfish, and young corals.

The electrode plate and the magnetic pole plate have electrical conductivity and magnetic polarity as described above. In the center of the solid matter, electromagnetic conduction is ensured between the organic matter separated by the inorganic matter and the seawater, and the gas generated from the electrode (the anode in the above example) arranged in the insulator containment vessel is
Example 1. When an electrode plate (1) is connected to an iron material and a galvanic anode (magnesium alloy cathode) and immersed in seawater, a current flows through the surface of the iron material, and the alkaline component OH- is generated on the surface of the iron material. Calcium ions Ca2+, bicarbonate ions HCO3-, and magnesium ions Mg2+ in the seawater form a precipitate as shown in the following formula and adhere to the surface of the electrode steel material. This deposit is recognized as electrode deposit.
Ca2++HCO3-+OH-→CaCO3↓+H2O
Mg2++2OH- → Mg(OH)2↓
(3) The electrode coating is similar to calcium carbonate, which is the main component of the skeletons of shellfish and reef-building corals, and has the characteristic that it is easy for young corals to attach to it.
(4) By utilizing this principle, a base on which calcium carbonate is precipitated on the surface of a metal base through which a magnetic current is passed to ensure electrical and magnetic conductivity is ensured is an electrode base, with the aim of promoting the attachment and growth of seaweed, microorganisms, young shellfish, and young corals.
The mixture is placed in a permeable bag and closed with a lid, and the electrode plate and magnetic pole plate of the device, which has a reflector in the center and connecting metal fittings on the top and bottom of the outer surface and the outer back surface of the bag, are pressed into the bag and fixed as a manufacturing and utilization method, Example 1. When the electrode plate is connected to an iron material and a galvanic anode (magnesium alloy cathode) and immersed in seawater, a current flows through the iron material surface, and an alkaline component OH- is generated on the iron material surface. Calcium ions Ca2+, bicarbonate ions HCO3-, and magnesium ions Mg2+ in seawater form a precipitate shown in the following formula and adhere to the surface of the electrode steel material. This deposit is recognized as an electrode deposit.
Ca2++HCO3-+OH-→CaCO3↓+H2O
Mg2++2OH- → Mg(OH)2↓
(3) The electrode coating is similar to calcium carbonate, which is the main component of the skeletons of shellfish and reef-building corals, and has the characteristic that it is easy for young corals to attach to it.
4. By utilizing this principle, a metal base is electrically and magnetically conductive, and a magnetic current is passed through the surface of the metal base, on which calcium carbonate is deposited, forming an electrode base, with the aim of promoting the attachment and growth of seaweed, microorganisms, young shellfish, and young corals. The reaction at the electrode part when magnetic ion water is absorbed is shown by the formulas [Equation 1] and [Equation 2].

Next, when the hollow part of the aerated concrete body is filled with a mixture of an iron plate (electric potential in seawater -0.6 to -0.7 V vs. SCE) and a metal with a higher electric potential than iron, such as an aluminum plate (electric potential in seawater +0.2 to 0.3 V vs. SCE), activated carbon, etc., and immersed in seawater, a current flows from the aluminum plate with a higher electric potential to the iron with a lower electric potential, forming electrodes, and the iron plate becomes an anode, and dissolves as Fe ions as in formula [1], while the aluminum, zinc, and magnesium plates become cathodes and generate OH- as in formula [2]. When iron and a mixture of metals with a higher electric potential than iron are filled, the amount of dissolved Fe ions increases at an accelerated rate compared to when only iron is filled, so the proliferation of diatoms, plankton, and seaweed is further improved, and the insect gathering effect is indirectly further increased compared to when only iron is filled. Since the amount of Fe ions eluted from the iron plate, which acts as the anode, increases with the area of the cathode, the amount of Fe ions eluted can be adjusted by changing the area (i.e. weight) of the aluminum, zinc, or magnesium plate. By filling the hollow space in any part of the main body with iron and immersing it in seawater, parts with different potentials are mixed on the iron surface to form local electrodes, and iron and hydrogen ions are eluted, and the Fe and S ion molecules combine with phosphorus, nitrogen, ammonia, cesium, etc., which are absorbed by seaweed and promote the proliferation of seaweed.
(4) By filling the hollow space in the solid material that has trapped the bubbles with a mixture of iron components (electric potential in seawater -0.6 to -0.7 V) and metals with a higher electric potential than iron, such as aluminum, zinc, magnesium components (electric potential in seawater +0.2 to 0.3 V), activated carbon, etc., and immersing it in seawater, a current flows from the aluminum, zinc, and magnesium plates with a higher electric potential to the iron ion components with a lower electric potential, forming electrodes, the iron components become the anode, and as in (3) above, they become Fe ions and are dissolved, while the aluminum, zinc, and magnesium components become the cathode, generating OH-. When a mixture of iron powder and a magnetic metal with a higher electric potential than an iron plate is filled, the amount of dissolved Fe ions increases at an accelerated rate compared to when only iron powder is filled, so the proliferation of diatoms and plankton and the proliferation of seaweed are further improved, and the insect gathering effect is indirectly even greater than when only iron is filled. By utilizing these properties, a manufacturing and utilization method has been obtained in which solid mixtures and kneaded materials are packed in bags and then poured and laid down for the purpose of treating nuclear contaminated water and preventing diffusion in the event of an explosion at a nuclear power plant.

The raw material for the agent for treating polluted water and oil, as well as marine debris, is 35g of volcanic ash, coal ash, fly ash, or zeolite containing a seed silica component, and 50g of a mixture of magnetic raw materials, activated carbon, charcoal, gypsum, lime, slag, clay, iron powder, aluminum powder, rice husk, sand, wood chips, salt or caustic soda, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium silicate, and soap powder. In the kneading process, 100mL of a kneaded mixture of 15g of an aqueous solution of dried powder of inorganic substances such as mucin, starch, seaweed, jellyfish, and natto is sprayed at 5mL/min for about 20 minutes using a rotating pan rotating at 200 rpm, and granulated into granular solids of 1 to 10 mm in size. The solids, which have their surfaces coated, can be directly sprayed for the purpose of treating polluted water and oil, or filled into a permeable bag or a dissolving container with a lid and sprayed or dropped in the air.
In addition, the solid reacts with water to generate bubbles containing air bubbles, and the bubbles trap contaminated water, contaminants, and oil, and the solid solids solidify, increasing the electrical conductivity between the anode and cathode and the electrolytic ion effect, forming ionic bonds with the contaminants in the contaminated water.

The raw materials for the agent for treating polluted water and oil, as well as marine debris, are volcanic ash, coal ash, or fly ash containing organic silica components, or raw materials for electrodes, raw materials for magnetic materials, or activated carbon, and depending on the purpose and place of use, 10 to 12 types of mixtures of charcoal, gypsum, lime, slag, clay, iron powder, aluminum powder, rice husk, zeolite, sand, wood chips, salt, or caustic soda, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium silicate, and powdered soap are mixed and adjusted to produce a kneaded product, and a mixed aqueous solution of inorganic mucin, starch, dried powder of crushed seaweed, jellyfish, and natto, and vegetable oil is sprayed onto the mixture and solidified into granules of 10 to 20 mm in size.

Depending on the intended use location, 35g of organic raw material such as volcanic ash, coal ash, fly ash, or zeolite containing silica components is mixed with 50g of a mixture of magnetic raw material, activated carbon, charcoal, gypsum, lime, slag, clay, iron powder, aluminum powder, rice husk, sand, wood chips, salt or caustic soda, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium silicate, and soap powder, and the mixture is vibrated and rotated in a rotating pan. A solution containing 15g of an aqueous solution of inorganic mucin, starch, seaweed, jellyfish, and natto dried powder is sprayed onto the mixture, and a centrifugal force magnetic field pressure of approximately 10 million gauss is applied to the granular solid material, and the centrifugal pressure turns the solid material into a magnetic electrode body.

A method of use in which granular solids are placed in a permeable and soluble bag or container and then covered, and the solids or bags or containers containing solids are stacked and arranged in a nuclear power plant explosion accident, nuclear reactor facility, or connected tunnel facility, and the weight of the bag or container is used to push in the protruding parts inside and fix them in place, forming an integrated structure.

The method of using solid materials involves scattering the bags or containers filled with granular solid materials in the water at the site of contaminated water or oil spills, or in soft soil or marine debris, or dropping the bags filled with solid materials into the seabed and fixing them thereon.

This method involves scattering solids or packing solids into bags or permeable containers from the air or land, or pumping them into reactors and buildings to fill them, for the purpose of preventing the emission of radioactive gases in the event of a nuclear power plant explosion, the treatment of nuclear contaminated water or oil, or oil spills or reactor fires.

A manufacturing and utilization method in which a bag is filled with solid material, and contaminated water is allowed to penetrate into the solid material, trapping the contaminants within the air bubbles and foam to create an integral foam structure.

Uses include: at the entrances and exits of nuclear power plants, nuclear facilities, and tunnels; repairing water leaks and cracks in tunnels; and as a foam cushioning material to harden and fix gaps and to build integrated structures.

Depending on the purpose of use, the solid material can be mixed with sludge and an appropriate amount of alcoholic beverage (shochu, beer, sake, whiskey) wastewater and then used as a solid material to be spread or as a water-retaining layer for a bank protection shield.

Effect of the invention

The present invention is a material to be spread in the event of an emergency spill of contaminated water or oil, and a treatment agent for contaminated water and oil, which is sprayed with a mixture of ash containing silica as a solid material, soluble silicic acid as the main component, starch as an inorganic raw material, dried powder of crushed seaweed, jellyfish, and natto, and a mixed aqueous solution of vegetable oil onto a kneaded material to form a solid material, and penetrates, absorbs, and solidifies the contaminated water and oil. The surface is solidified with foam to prevent the solid material from spreading when sprayed, and at the same time, the solid material that penetrates from the surface to the inner layer of the contaminated water and oil reacts with water to generate foam, which traps the oil and marine debris on the sea surface within the foam, preventing the oil from leaking out and spreading, and adsorbs the contaminated water, oil, and marine debris, including plastic and microchip debris, and sinks and fixes it to the seabed to help with microbial decomposition.
In addition, the recovery and handling of the molded product made of solidified foam that reacts with the moisture in the contaminated water and oil becomes easy.The mixture of each material or the bagged solid material can be poured into the wet area of the contaminated water or oil surface to form an integrated structure, which can be used as a buffer material to repair and fill gaps in the event of a nuclear power plant explosion, nuclear storage facilities, and tunnels, while retaining its functions as a revetment block, natural regeneration block, earthwork structure, and oil fence, and can also be used to seal entrances and exits, and to form an integrated structure with bulkheads and facilities.

Diagram Sectional view Sectional view Diagram

1. Sunken ship 2. Oily water surface 3. Solid seabed improver sprayed from the air 4. Helicopter 5. Oil 6. Solid 7. Seabed 8. Rotating pan 9. Rotating pan body 10. Mixture 11. Mixture filling device 12. Reactor building 13. Pipe 14. Filling route 15. Reactor core

Claims (5)

A method of using a seabed improvement agent, characterized in that the raw material is a mixture of volcanic ash, coal ash, incineration ash, or zeolite containing a seed silica component, organic magnetic material and electrode raw material, activated carbon, charcoal, gypsum, lime, slag, clay, iron powder, aluminum powder, rice husk, sand, wood chips, salt or caustic soda, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium silicate, and soap powder, and a mixed aqueous solution of inorganic protein mucin, starch, seaweed, jellyfish, dried powder of natto, vegetable oil, animal oil, and water is sprayed onto the mixture to form a granular solid. A method for using a seabed improvement agent according to claim 1, which comprises spreading, solidifying and sinking granular solids for the purpose of treating polluted water, oil and marine debris, and forming ionic bonds between an anode and a cathode through electrical conduction. A method for utilizing a seabed improvement agent, comprising filling the granular solid material according to claim 1 in nuclear facilities, storage facilities, tunnels, and tunnels, thereby forming an integrated structure over bulkheads and cracks in reactor buildings and facilities. A method for using the granular solid material according to claim 1 as a seabed improvement agent for the purpose of treating polluted water, oil and marine debris, by scattering, solidifying and sinking the solid material, and forming ionic bonds by electrical conduction between an anode and a cathode. A method for utilizing a seabed improvement agent, characterized in that an anode electrically connected to an electrode passing through the solid material according to claims 1, 2, 3, and 4 dissolves Fe ions or S ions and binds with contaminated water and pollutants or heavy metals in seawater, or phosphorus, or nitrogen, or ammonia, or pollutants, or cesium, or carbon dioxide.