JP2024039881A - sound insulation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sound insulation structure with high sound insulation performance and lighting property.

SOLUTION: A sound insulation structure includes: a body part 1 having an opening 10; and a sound insulation panel 2 which is attached to block the opening 10, has a rugged structure 20 and has lighting property.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

COPYRIGHT: (C)2024,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a sound insulation structure.

In order to improve the indoor environment in buildings, there is an increasing demand for performance in blocking noise in partitions that separate compartments. Sound transmission loss is an index of sound insulation performance for blocking noise in partitions that separate compartments in buildings. The sound transmission loss represents the amount of reduction in the energy of transmitted sound relative to the incident sound to the sound insulation structure disposed in the partition, and the larger the value, the higher the sound insulation performance.
When the material used for the sound insulation panel of the sound insulation structure is a homogeneous veneer material, the sound transmission loss is basically determined by the mass, and exhibits a characteristic that the value particularly decreases near the primary resonance frequency of the sound insulation panel. In addition, if the material used for the sound insulation panel is a homogeneous veneer material, the frequency range lower than the primary resonance frequency is called the stiffness law region, and the frequency range higher than the primary resonance frequency is called the resonance region. Frequency regions higher than the resonance region are called mass law regions, and each frequency region exhibits its own characteristics. In the rigidity law region, the rigidity of the material used for the sound insulation panel and the rigidity conditions of the boundary of the sound insulation panel affect the sound transmission loss, and improving the rigidity tends to increase the sound transmission loss. In the resonance region, resonance of the vibration mode of the sound insulation panel due to the energy of transmitted sound affects the sound transmission loss, and peaks and dips occur in the sound transmission loss due to the vibration mode of the sound insulation panel. In the mass law region, the greater the mass of the material used for the sound insulation panel, the greater the sound transmission loss, and due to the coincidence effect caused by the bending vibration of the sound insulation panel, the sound transmission loss becomes smaller around a specific frequency. There is a characteristic that

For example, if an aluminum plate, which is a homogeneous veneer material, is used as a sound insulating panel for a sound insulating structure placed in a partition between sections of a building, the aluminum plate will increase the mass (area density) and make it more audible. The sound insulation performance of the area can be improved. However, when a material with a large mass (area density) such as an aluminum plate is used as a sound insulating panel, the sound insulating performance in the audible range can be improved, but on the other hand, there is a drawback that lighting cannot be ensured. In other words, conventional sound insulation structures are thick and have a large mass (area density), so while they have high sound insulation performance, they have the problem of not being able to ensure lighting. Therefore, in order to ensure lighting performance, a sound insulation structure has been proposed in which the entire surface is a light-transmitting sound insulation panel (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2015-86576

However, when the sound insulation structure is made of a sound insulation panel whose entire surface is translucent, there are problems in that it is costly and the sound insulation performance is low. Another problem is that the rigidity of the sound insulation panel of the sound insulation structure becomes low and it is easily broken.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a sound insulating structure that has high sound insulating performance and has good lighting performance.

As a result of extensive research to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present invention have found that the sound insulation panel of the sound insulation structure has high sound insulation performance by adopting a material with a specific shape and lighting ability. In addition, it has been found that a sound insulating structure can be provided that has lighting properties. Based on this knowledge, the present inventors conducted further research and completed the present invention.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the gist of the present invention is as follows.
[1] A sound insulating structure comprising: a main body having an opening; and a sound insulating panel that is attached to close the opening, has a concavo-convex structure, and has lighting properties.
[2] The sound insulation structure according to [1], wherein the area occupied by the opening in the main body is 5% or more and 80% or less.
[3] The sound insulation structure according to [1] or [2], wherein the sound insulation panel is attached to the opening with bolts and nuts, and is attached to the opening with a tightening torque of 1 Nm or more.
[4] The sound insulation panel is attached to the opening through an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer has a tensile adhesive strength of 1 N/mm ² between the sound insulation panel and the opening according to JIS K 6849:1994. The sound insulation structure according to any one of [1] to [3] above.
[5] The sound insulation structure according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the main body is made of at least one of a steel plate, a concrete plate, a ceramic plate, a gypsum plate, and an FRP plate.
[6] The sound insulation structure according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the sound insulation panel is composed of at least one of a resin plate and a glass plate.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a sound insulating structure that has high sound insulating performance and lighting properties.

FIG. 1(a) is a cross-sectional view of the sound insulation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(b) is a plan view of the sound insulation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. be. FIG. 2(a) is a plan view of the sound insulation panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2(b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2(a). FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (part 1) showing various forms of the uneven structure of the sound insulation panel according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (part 2) showing various forms of the uneven structure of the sound insulation panel according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a sectional view of the sound insulation structure concerning the 2nd embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a graph showing the results of subtracting the mass law calculated from the areal density for each frequency of the sound insulation panels according to Examples 1 to 6. 3 is a graph showing the results of subtracting the mass law calculated from the areal density for each frequency of the sound insulation panels according to Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[First embodiment]
The sound insulation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a member that partitions between sections (a first section A and a second section B), as shown in FIG. 1(a). The sound insulation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be used as a member for partitioning rooms in buildings such as residences, and can also be used as a member for partitioning spaces such as highway soundproof walls. .
As shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b), the sound insulation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 1 having an opening 10, and a main body 1 that is attached to close the opening 1. A sound insulating panel 2 having a concavo-convex structure 20 and having lighting properties is provided.

The opening 10 provided in the main body 1 may have, for example, a rectangular, circular, elliptical shape, or a shape similar to these. The opening 10 provided in the main body 1 is preferably provided near the top and near the center of the sound insulation structure from the viewpoint of efficient daylighting.

The area occupied by the opening 10 in the main body 1 is preferably 5% or more and 80% or less, more preferably 10% or more and 75% or less, and even more preferably 15% or more and 70% or less. When the area occupied by the opening 10 in the main body part 1 is equal to or larger than the above lower limit value, the light-letting performance of the sound insulation structure can be ensured. Moreover, the rigidity of the sound insulation structure can be maintained because the area occupied by the opening 10 in the main body 1 is equal to or less than the upper limit value.

The bending rigidity of the main body portion 1 is preferably 5 Nm ² or more, more preferably 150 Nm ² or more, and even more preferably 700 Nm ² or more. The rigidity of the sound insulation structure can be maintained because the bending rigidity of the main body portion 1 is greater than or equal to the above lower limit.
Note that the bending rigidity of the main body portion 1 can be calculated using equation (1) shown below.
Bending rigidity [Nm ² ] = (Tensile modulus x cube of thickness of main body)/12...(1)

The tensile modulus of the main body portion 1 is preferably 0.2 GPa or more, more preferably 2 GPa or more, and even more preferably 20 GPa or more. Although the upper limit of the tensile modulus of the uneven structure 20 is not particularly limited, 1,000 GPa is a substantial upper limit. When the tensile modulus of the main body portion 1 is equal to or greater than the above lower limit, elastic expansion and contraction deformation is suppressed, and the rigidity of the sound insulation structure can be maintained.
Note that the tensile modulus of the main body portion 1 can be measured by a method according to JIS K 7161-1:2014.

The thickness of the main body portion 1 is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 3 mm or more, and even more preferably 5 mm or more. When the thickness of the main body portion 1 is equal to or greater than the above lower limit, the rigidity of the sound insulation structure can be maintained and sound insulation properties can be achieved.

The material of the main body part 1 is not particularly limited as long as it can maintain the rigidity of the sound insulation structure and has sound insulation properties.
Examples of the material for the main body portion 1 include steel plates, concrete plates, ceramic plates, gypsum plates, and FRP plates.

The sound insulation panel 2 allows visible light to pass between the sections (the first section A and the second section B) by allowing light to pass through, and allows visible light to pass through the first section A and the second section B. The first section A and the second section B can each be brightened.
The lighting performance of the sound insulation panel 2 is evaluated by visible light transmittance. Visible light transmittance refers to the rate at which electromagnetic waves that can be detected as light by the human eye are transmitted.

The total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel 2 is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more. When the total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel 2 is greater than or equal to the above lower limit value, the light-permeability of the sound insulation panel 2 can be ensured.
Note that the total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel 2 can be measured in accordance with JIS K 7375:2008.

The uneven shape of the uneven structure 20 of the sound insulation panel 2 refers to a shape that protrudes toward one surface 2A side of the sound insulation panel 2 or the opposite surface 2B side and is hollow inside. For example, as shown in FIGS. As shown in b), it refers to a hemispherical shape consisting of a curved surface. The concavo-convex structure 20 may have a concave-convex shape as a whole, and does not need to be a completely curved surface, and may be composed of a polyhedron, or may have local concave portions or flat portions.
The uneven shape of the uneven structure 20 may be, for example, a hemispherical uneven structure 20a consisting of a curved surface portion with a high curvature, as shown in FIG. 3(a), or as shown in FIG. 3(b), A plurality of the same uneven structures 20b may be provided, or different uneven structures 20c, 20d, and 20e may be provided as shown in FIG. 3(c). Further, as the uneven shape of the uneven structure 20, for example, as shown in FIG. 4(a), a pyramid-shaped uneven structure 20f consisting of a flat part may be used, or as shown in FIG. The uneven structure 20g may have a polyhedral shape, or the uneven structure 20h may have a mixture of curved surfaces and flat surfaces, as shown in FIG. 4(c).

The thickness T of the sound insulation panel 2 is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 20 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. Having the thickness T of the sound insulating panel 2 within the above range contributes to weight reduction while maintaining mechanical rigidity, and allows efficient conversion of transmitted sound energy into energy that induces vibrations.

The tensile modulus of the sound insulation panel 2 is preferably 0.1 GPa or more, more preferably 1 GPa or more, and even more preferably 10 GPa or more. Although the upper limit of the tensile modulus of the sound insulation panel 2 is not particularly limited, 1,000 GPa is a practical upper limit. When the tensile modulus of the sound insulation panel 2 is equal to or higher than the above lower limit value, the elastic expansion and contraction deformation of the sound insulation panel 2 is suppressed, and the energy of transmitted sound can be efficiently converted into energy that induces vibration.
Note that the tensile modulus of the sound insulation panel 2 can be measured by a method according to JIS K 7161-1:2014.

The primary resonance frequency of the sound insulation panel 2 is preferably 100 Hz or more, more preferably 300 Hz or more, and even more preferably 500 Hz or more.
Note that the primary resonance frequency of out-of-plane vibration of the sound insulation panel 1 can be measured by a method according to JIS C 60068-2-81:2007.

The height H of the uneven structure 20 is preferably 0.01 m or more and 1.00 m or less, more preferably 0.03 m or more and 0.50 m or less, and 0.05 m or more and 0.30 m or less. More preferred. When the height H of the uneven structure 20 is within the above range, the rigidity of the uneven structure 20 can be maintained.
Note that the height H of the uneven structure 20 refers to the height from the lowest part to the highest part of the uneven structure 20, and specifically, the height H of the uneven structure 20 from the lowest point (for example, the bottom of a recess) to the uneven part. This refers to the height of the highest point of the structure 20 (for example, the top of a convex portion). When there are a plurality of uneven structures 20, the height H having the largest value is adopted.

The density of the sound insulation panel 2 is preferably 200 kg/m ³ or more and 12,000 kg/m ³ or less, more preferably 400 kg/m ³ or more and 8,000 kg/m ³ or less, and 600 kg/m ³ or more and 4 ,000 kg/m ³ or less is more preferable. By having the density of the sound insulating panel 2 within the above range, it can contribute to weight reduction while having mechanical rigidity.
Note that the density of the sound insulation panel 2 can be measured by a method according to JIS Z 8807:2012.

The material of the sound insulation panel 2 is not particularly limited as long as it has good lighting and mechanical rigidity and does not allow air to pass through in order to improve sound insulation performance.
The material of the sound insulation panel 2 is, for example, an organic resin plate containing at least one of polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin (ABS resin), polypropylene resin, vinyl chloride resin, and epoxy resin. Examples include materials. Moreover, as the sound insulation panel 2, inorganic materials, such as a glass plate, are mentioned, for example.

The sound insulating panel 2 can be configured to be attached to the opening 10 with bolts 30 and nuts 31, as shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b). In order to improve the fixing strength of the sound insulation panel 2, it is preferable that a jig 32 such as a washer be interposed between the bolt 30 and the nut 31 and the sound insulation panel 2.
The sound insulating panel 2 is preferably attached to the opening 10 with a tightening torque of 1 Nm or more, more preferably 5 Nm or more, and even more preferably 10 Nm or more. By attaching the sound insulation panel 2 to the opening 10 with a tightening torque equal to or higher than the lower limit value, the primary resonance frequency of the sound insulation panel 2 can be made higher than that of the main body 1, and the sound insulation performance can be improved. .

[Second embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the sound insulating panel 2 is attached to the opening 10 with an adhesive layer 33, as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, differences between the second embodiment and the first embodiment will be explained. Further, parts whose description is omitted are the same as those in the first embodiment. Furthermore, in the following description, members having the same configuration as in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals.

The adhesive layer 33 that attaches the sound insulation panel 2 to the opening 10 is not particularly limited as long as it has adhesive properties that allow the sound insulation panel 2 to be adhered to the adhesive layer 33. Examples of the adhesive constituting the adhesive layer include hot melt adhesives, thermosetting adhesives, ultraviolet curable adhesives, and moisture-curing adhesives.

The tensile adhesive strength between the sound insulation panel 2 and the opening 10 by the adhesive layer 33 in accordance with JIS K 6849:1994 is preferably 1 N/mm ² or more, more preferably 5 N/mm ² or more, More preferably, it is 10 N/mm ² or more. By attaching the sound insulation panel 2 to the opening 10 with a tensile adhesive strength equal to or higher than the lower limit value, the primary resonance frequency of the sound insulation panel 2 can be made higher than that of the main body 1, and the sound insulation performance can be improved. I can do it.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these examples at all, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, in the sound insulation structure of the first embodiment, the sound insulation panel 2 was shown to be attached to the opening 10 with bolts 30 and nuts 31, but it is also possible to use the adhesive layer 33 shown in the second embodiment together. The fixing strength may be strengthened.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail based on Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

(Measurement of sound transmission loss)
The sound transmission loss of the sound insulation structures according to the examples and comparative examples was calculated in accordance with JIS A 1441-1:2007. Specifically, a cutout area (0.8m x 0.8m) was formed in the partition that partitions the reverberation chamber (first section A) and the anechoic chamber (second section B), and A sound insulation structure (steel plate, thickness 6 mm, bending rigidity 3708 Nm ² , tensile modulus 206 GPa) was installed at the location. An opening (0.4m x 0.4m) is provided in the center of the sound insulation structure, and the sound insulation panels (0.42m x 0.42m) according to the examples and comparative examples are installed in the opening with bolts, nuts and It was attached to the opening using a jig with a tightening torque of 5 Nm. Note that the sound insulation panels with a concave-convex structure were arranged so that the convex portions were on the side of the reverberation room. A noise of 100 dB was generated from a speaker in a reverberation chamber, and the average sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity at a point 10 cm away from the sound insulation structure according to the example and the comparative example in the anechoic chamber were measured. The sound transmission loss was calculated for each /3 octave band. The graphs in FIGS. 6 and 7 show the results of subtracting the mass law calculated from the areal density for each frequency from the calculated sound transmission loss for each 1/3 octave band.

(Measurement of total light transmittance)
The total light transmittance of the sound insulation panels used in the sound insulation structures according to Examples and Comparative Examples was measured in accordance with JIS K 7375:2008.

[Example 1]
Dome glass (trade name "Transparent Glass", manufactured by JEOL Ltd., length 0.42 m x width 0.0 .42m x height 0.05m x thickness 2mm). Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Example 1.

[Example 2]
Dome polypropylene (polypropylene resin, trade name "Polypropylene resin", manufactured by KDA Co., Ltd., length 0.42 m x width 0.0 .42 m x height 0.05 m x thickness 2 mm, tensile strength 0.041 GPa, elongation at break 100%) was adopted. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Example 2.

[Example 3]
A dome vinyl chloride (vinyl chloride resin, trade name "hard vinyl chloride resin", manufactured by KDA Co., Ltd., vertical 0.5 mm) is used as the sound insulation panel 1 (see FIG. 2(a)) having a single hemispherical uneven structure 20 consisting of a curved surface. 42 m x width 0.42 m x height 0.05 m x thickness 2 mm, tensile strength 0.052 GPa, elongation at break 40%) was adopted. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Example 3.

[Example 4]
Dome acrylic (acrylic resin, trade name "acrylic resin", manufactured by KDA Co., Ltd., length 0.42 m x width 0.0 .42 m x height 0.05 m x thickness 2 mm, tensile strength 0.073 GPa, and elongation at break 2%). Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Example 4.

[Example 5]
A dome polycarbonate (polycarbonate resin, trade name "polycarbonate resin", manufactured by KDA Co., Ltd., length 0.42 m x width 0.0 .42 m x height 0.05 m x thickness 2 mm, tensile strength 0.066 GPa, elongation at break 110%) was adopted. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Example 5.

[Example 6]
Dome epoxy (epoxy resin, trade name "Bisphenol A type epoxy resin", manufactured by KDA Co., Ltd., length 0.42 m) was used as the sound insulation panel 1 (see FIG. 2(a)) having a single hemispherical uneven structure 20 consisting of a curved surface part. × width 0.42 m × height 0.05 m × thickness 2 mm, tensile strength 0.040 GPa, elongation at break 16%) was adopted. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Example 6.

[Comparative example 1]
An aluminum flat plate (trade name "A5052", manufactured by Shima Kogyo Co., Ltd., length 0.42 m x width 0.42 m x thickness 2 mm) was used as the sound insulation panel. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Comparative Example 1.

[Comparative example 2]
An acrylic flat plate (acrylic resin, trade name "acrylic resin", manufactured by KDA, 0.42 m x width 0.42 m x thickness 2 mm, tensile strength 0.073 GPa, elongation at break 2%) was used as the sound insulation panel. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Comparative Example 2.

[Comparative example 3]
A polycarbonate flat plate (polycarbonate resin, trade name "Polycarbonate Resin", manufactured by KDA Corporation, length 0.42 m x width 0.42 m x thickness 2 mm, tensile strength 0.066 GPa, elongation at break 110%) was used as the sound insulation panel. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the areal density, tensile modulus, primary resonance frequency, and total light transmittance of the sound insulation panel according to Comparative Example 3.

From the graphs shown in Figures 6 and 7, it is possible to increase the energy consumption of transmitted sound by installing a sound insulation panel with an uneven structure on a sound insulation structure, and the energy consumption of transmitted sound can be increased in all frequency ranges, especially in the low frequency range (100 We were able to improve the drop in sound insulation performance at frequencies up to 400Hz). Furthermore, by installing a sound insulating panel that allows light in on the sound insulating structure, it was possible to ensure the light insulating structure.

1... Main body part 2... Sound insulation panel 10... Opening part 20... Uneven structure 30... Bolt 31... Nut 32... Jig 33... Adhesive layer

Claims (6)

a main body having an opening;
A sound insulation structure, comprising: a sound insulation panel that is attached to close the opening, has a concavo-convex structure, and has lighting properties. The sound insulation structure according to claim 1, wherein the area occupied by the opening in the main body is 5% or more and 80% or less. 3. The sound insulation structure according to claim 1, wherein the sound insulation panel is attached to the opening with bolts and nuts, and is attached to the opening with a tightening torque of 1 Nm or more. The sound insulation panel is attached to the opening through an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer has a tensile bond strength of 1 N/mm ² or more between the sound insulation panel and the opening according to JIS K 6849:1994. , The sound insulation structure according to claim 1 or 2. The sound insulation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main body is made of at least one of a steel plate, a concrete plate, a ceramic plate, a gypsum plate, and an FRP plate. The sound insulation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sound insulation panel is made of at least one of a resin plate and a glass plate.