JP2024003378A - detection device - Google Patents

detection device Download PDF

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JP2024003378A
JP2024003378A JP2022102480A JP2022102480A JP2024003378A JP 2024003378 A JP2024003378 A JP 2024003378A JP 2022102480 A JP2022102480 A JP 2022102480A JP 2022102480 A JP2022102480 A JP 2022102480A JP 2024003378 A JP2024003378 A JP 2024003378A
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Prior art keywords
flux density
magnetic flux
magnetic
sensor
detection device
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洋嗣 勢野
Hirotsugu Seno
健太郎 大森
Kentaro Omori
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Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp
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Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp
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Priority to JP2022102480A priority Critical patent/JP2024003378A/en
Priority to DE102023115680.2A priority patent/DE102023115680A1/en
Publication of JP2024003378A publication Critical patent/JP2024003378A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G01B7/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in magnetic properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F16C19/522—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to load on the bearing, e.g. bearings with load sensors or means to protect the bearing against overload
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/007—Encoders, e.g. parts with a plurality of alternating magnetic poles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/24457—Failure detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • G01D5/2451—Incremental encoders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a detection device capable of detecting deformation of a rotating body while having a simple configuration.
SOLUTION: A detection device 100 includes: a magnetic body 1 that is attached to a rotating body (10) that rotates around an axis, and consists of an annular body in which north poles and south poles are alternately arranged in a circumferential direction; a sensor 2 that detects magnetic flux density of the magnetic body; and a processing unit 4 that detects deformation of the rotating body based on a detection result by the sensor. The sensor detects first magnetic flux density (By) emitted from a magnetized surface of the magnetic body in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface, and the processing unit detects deformation of the rotating body based on a change in the first magnetic flux density.
SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
COPYRIGHT: (C)2024,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、軸回転する回転体に装着される磁性体と、磁束密度を検出するセンサとによって、回転体の変形を検出する検出装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a detection device that detects deformation of a rotating body using a magnetic body attached to a rotating body that rotates on an axis and a sensor that detects magnetic flux density.

従来、自動車等の車輪の軸受装置における回転側部材には、アンチロックブレーキシステム（ＡＢＳ）等を制御するため、磁気エンコーダを構成する磁性体が装着されており、回転速度や回転角度を検出することがなされている。 Conventionally, in order to control an anti-lock braking system (ABS), etc., a magnetic body constituting a magnetic encoder is attached to the rotating side member of a bearing device for a wheel of an automobile, etc., and it detects the rotation speed and rotation angle. Things are being done.

下記特許文献１には、磁性体の被検出面の特性変化に対応して出力信号を変化させるセンサを備え、外輪やハブとの間に加わる荷重を変位センサ等の荷重測定専用の部品を使用せずに測定できるものが開示されている。下記特許文献２には、磁性体の外周面のうち、円周方向の位相が互いに１８０度異なる部位に第１センサ、第２センサを配し、位相差に基づいてラジアル荷重を測定するものが開示されている。 Patent Document 1 below discloses a sensor that is equipped with a sensor that changes the output signal in response to changes in the characteristics of the detected surface of a magnetic body, and uses parts dedicated to load measurement such as a displacement sensor to measure the load applied between the outer ring and the hub. It discloses things that can be measured without Patent Document 2 below discloses a device in which a first sensor and a second sensor are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of a magnetic body at a portion where the phases in the circumferential direction are different from each other by 180 degrees, and the radial load is measured based on the phase difference. Disclosed.

特開２００６－３１７４２０号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-317420 特開２００７－２２５１０６号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-225106

ところで軸受装置にかかる荷重は、回転体の自重による荷重、他部品から負荷される荷重、回転体の回転によって発生する荷重等があり、過剰な荷重が負荷されると回転体に変形が発生し、気づかず使用を継続していると、回転軸の破損に繋がる。そこで簡易な構成でありながら、早期に回転体の変形を検出できるものが求められている。 By the way, the loads that are applied to bearing devices include the load due to the weight of the rotating body, the load applied from other parts, the load generated by the rotation of the rotating body, etc. If an excessive load is applied, deformation will occur in the rotating body. If you continue to use it without noticing, it will lead to damage to the rotating shaft. Therefore, there is a need for a device that can detect deformation of a rotating body at an early stage while having a simple configuration.

本発明は、上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、簡易な構成でありながら、回転体の変形を検出可能な検出装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a detection device capable of detecting deformation of a rotating body while having a simple configuration.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る検出装置は、軸回転する回転体に装着され周方向にＮ極とＳ極とが交互に複数着磁された環状体からなる磁性体と、前記磁性体の磁束密度を検出するセンサと、前記センサによる検出結果に基づき前記回転体の変形を検出する処理部とを備えた検出装置であって、前記センサは、前記磁性体の着磁面から前記着磁面の周方向に対して垂直方向に発する第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）を検出し、前記処理部は、前記第１磁束密度の変化に基づき、前記回転体の変形を検出することを特徴とする。
上記構成において、前記センサは、前記着磁面から周方向に発する第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）または、前記着磁面から前記着磁面に対して垂直方向に発する第３磁束密度（Ｂｚ）を検出し、前記処理部は、前記第２磁束密度または前記第３磁束密度に基づき、前記回転体の回転速度及び回転角度を検出するようにしてもよい。
また上記構成において、前記センサは、前記着磁面に対向し複数個が間隔を空けて設けられてもよい。
さらに上記構成において、回転体は、車両の軸受装置の回転側部材であってもよい。 In order to achieve the above object, a detection device according to the present invention includes a magnetic body made of an annular body attached to a rotating body that rotates on an axis and having a plurality of N poles and S poles alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction; A detection device comprising: a sensor that detects magnetic flux density of a magnetic body; and a processing unit that detects deformation of the rotating body based on a detection result by the sensor, wherein the sensor detects a deformation of the rotating body from a magnetized surface of the magnetic body. A first magnetic flux density (By) emitted in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface is detected, and the processing unit detects a deformation of the rotating body based on a change in the first magnetic flux density. Features.
In the above configuration, the sensor has a second magnetic flux density (Bx) emitted from the magnetized surface in a circumferential direction or a third magnetic flux density (Bz) emitted from the magnetized surface in a direction perpendicular to the magnetized surface. The processing unit may detect the rotation speed and rotation angle of the rotating body based on the second magnetic flux density or the third magnetic flux density.
Further, in the above configuration, a plurality of the sensors may be provided facing the magnetized surface and spaced apart from each other.
Further, in the above configuration, the rotating body may be a rotating member of a bearing device of a vehicle.

本発明に係る検出装置は、上述の構成としたことで、簡易な構成でありながら、回転体の変形を検出することができる。 By having the above-described configuration, the detection device according to the present invention can detect deformation of a rotating body despite having a simple configuration.

本発明の一実施形態に係る検出装置を構成する磁性体を説明するための図であり、回転体への装着状態を模式的に示した概略的斜視図であり、アキシャルタイプの磁性体の例を示している。FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a magnetic body constituting a detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic perspective view schematically showing a state of attachment to a rotating body, and is an example of an axial type magnetic body. It shows. 同検出装置の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the detection device. （ａ）は、図１に示す磁性体の測定径＜１＞～＜３＞（図３（ｂ）参照）における第１磁束密度の波形をグラフ化して示したものであり、（ｂ）は同磁性体の測定径＜１＞～＜３＞を説明するための図である。(a) is a graph showing the waveform of the first magnetic flux density at the measured diameters <1> to <3> (see FIG. 3(b)) of the magnetic material shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining measurement diameters <1> to <3> of the magnetic material. （ａ）及び（ｂ）は同磁性体が発する第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）の特性を説明するためのグラフである。(a) and (b) are graphs for explaining the characteristics of the first magnetic flux density (By) emitted by the same magnetic material. 同実施形態の変形例として、ラジアルタイプの磁性体の例を示している。As a modification of the embodiment, an example of a radial type magnetic body is shown. （ａ）～（ｄ）は、同検出装置を構成する磁性体とセンサの配置例を説明するために模式的に示した概略的平面図である。(a) to (d) are schematic plan views schematically shown to explain examples of arrangement of magnetic bodies and sensors constituting the detection device.

以下に本発明の実施の形態について、図面に基づいて説明する。なお、一部の図では、他図に付している詳細な符号の一部を省略している。
本実施形態に係る検出装置１００は、軸回転する回転体１０に装着され周方向にＮ極とＳ極とが交互に複数着磁された環状体からなる磁性体１と、磁性体１の磁束密度を検出するセンサ２と、センサ２による検出結果に基づき回転体１０の変形を検出する処理部４とを備えている。センサ２は、磁性体１の着磁面１ａから着磁面１ａの周方向に対して垂直方向に発する第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）を検知し、処理部４は、第１磁束密度の変化に基づき、回転体１０の変形を検出する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. Note that in some of the figures, some detailed symbols attached to other figures are omitted.
The detection device 100 according to the present embodiment includes a magnetic body 1 made of an annular body mounted on a rotating body 10 that rotates on an axis and having a plurality of N poles and S poles alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction, and a magnetic flux of the magnetic body 1. It includes a sensor 2 that detects density, and a processing section 4 that detects deformation of the rotating body 10 based on the detection result by the sensor 2. The sensor 2 detects a first magnetic flux density (By) emitted from the magnetized surface 1a of the magnetic body 1 in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface 1a, and the processing section 4 detects a change in the first magnetic flux density. Based on this, deformation of the rotating body 10 is detected.

＜第１実施形態＞
まずは図１～図４を参照しながら、第１実施形態に係る検出装置１００について説明する。図１及び図２に示すように検出装置１００は、軸回転する回転体に装着される磁性体１と、磁束密度を検出するセンサ２と、センサ２による検出結果に基づき前記回転体の変形を検出する処理部４を有する演算装置３０とを備える。以下では、検出装置１００が適用される例として、車両の軸受装置に適用された例を説明する。軸受装置は、車輪（不図示）を軸回りに回転（軸回転）可能に支持するように設けられ、外側の固定側部材となる外輪（不図示）と、内側の回転側部材となる内輪１０とを備える。よって、本実施形態におおいて、内輪１０が回転体であり、内輪１０に負荷される荷重等により、内輪１０の変形を早期に検出するために検出装置１００が設けられている。 <First embodiment>
First, a detection device 100 according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the detection device 100 includes a magnetic body 1 attached to a rotary body that rotates on an axis, a sensor 2 that detects magnetic flux density, and a deformation of the rotary body based on the detection result by the sensor 2. and an arithmetic device 30 having a processing section 4 for detection. Below, as an example to which the detection device 100 is applied, an example in which the detection device 100 is applied to a bearing device of a vehicle will be described. The bearing device is provided to support a wheel (not shown) so as to be able to rotate around an axis (shaft rotation), and includes an outer ring (not shown) that is an outer stationary member and an inner ring 10 that is an inner rotating member. Equipped with. Therefore, in this embodiment, the inner ring 10 is a rotating body, and the detection device 100 is provided to detect deformation of the inner ring 10 at an early stage due to a load applied to the inner ring 10 or the like.

磁性体１は、Ｎ極及びＳ極が周方向に交互に複数着磁され中央に貫通孔を備えた環状体で、円板の径方向または面方向に磁化されている。磁性体１の構成は特に限定されないが、フェライト、ネオジム等の磁性粉がゴム材により結合されたゴム磁石、焼結磁石、プラスチック磁石等が用いられる。磁性体１は、芯金部材１１を介して内輪１０に取り付けられる。芯金部材１１は、ＳＰＣＣ等の鋼板をプレス加工して片側の断面が略Ｌ字形状に形成される。芯金部材１１は、内輪１０の端部に嵌合される円筒部１２と、円筒部１２における軸方向Ａの一方端部から径方向の外側に延出する円板部１３とを有している。円板部１３の軸方向Ａの外側面１３ａには、磁性体１が加硫接着、もしくは後接着されている。磁性体１の形状や芯金部材１１への固着態様は図例に限定されないが、本実施形態では、円板部１３の外側面１３ａと、円板部４１の径方向Ｒの外側端部１３ｂを覆うように配されている。これによれば、芯金部材１１に磁性体１を強固に固着でき、長期の使用に耐えることができる。Ｎ極及びＳ極の極幅は特に限定されず、図例のように等間隔としてもよいし、極と極の境界が斜め湾曲したスパイラル状としてもよい。 The magnetic body 1 is an annular body having a plurality of N poles and S poles alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction and having a through hole in the center, and is magnetized in the radial direction or surface direction of the disk. The structure of the magnetic body 1 is not particularly limited, but a rubber magnet, a sintered magnet, a plastic magnet, etc., in which magnetic powder such as ferrite or neodymium is bonded with a rubber material, is used. The magnetic body 1 is attached to the inner ring 10 via the core metal member 11. The core member 11 is formed by pressing a steel plate such as SPCC to have a substantially L-shaped cross section on one side. The core metal member 11 has a cylindrical portion 12 that is fitted into an end of the inner ring 10, and a disk portion 13 that extends radially outward from one end of the cylindrical portion 12 in the axial direction A. There is. The magnetic body 1 is vulcanized or post-bonded to the outer surface 13a of the disk portion 13 in the axial direction A. Although the shape of the magnetic body 1 and the manner in which it is fixed to the core metal member 11 are not limited to the illustrated example, in this embodiment, the outer surface 13a of the disk portion 13 and the outer end portion 13b of the disk portion 41 in the radial direction R It is arranged to cover the According to this, the magnetic body 1 can be firmly fixed to the core metal member 11, and it can withstand long-term use. The widths of the north and south poles are not particularly limited, and may be equally spaced as shown in the figure, or may be spiral-shaped with obliquely curved boundaries between the poles.

磁性体１の磁束密度を検出するセンサ２は、磁気式センサを用いた例を説明する。センサ２は、磁性体１の着磁面１ａと対峙するように近接して配置され、センサ２は、不図示の固定部材に固定されている。センサ２が磁性体１から検出する磁束密度は、内輪１０の回転に伴って変化し、センサ２は、演算装置３０と電気的に接続されている。センサ２は、回転体である内輪１０の変形を検出するため、図１に示すように磁性体１の着磁面１ａから着磁面１ａの周方向に対して垂直方向に発する第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）を検出する。またセンサ２は、内輪１０の回転速度及び回転角度（回転位置）を検出するため、着磁面１ａから周方向に発する第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）と、着磁面１ａから着磁面１ａに対して垂直方向に発する第３磁束密度（Ｂz）とを検知する。センサ２に用いられる検知素子としては、ホール素子、ＭＲ素子（磁気抵抗効果素子）等が用いられ、従来の着磁面１ａから周方向に発する第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）と、着磁面１ａから着磁面１ａに対して垂直方向に発する第３磁束密度（Ｂz）に加え、着磁面１ａから着磁面１ａの周方向に対して垂直方向に発する第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）も検知できる高感度のものが好適である。例えば、ホール素子の場合は、着磁面１ａのＸ軸成分の強さＢｘを検知するためのホール素子または、Ｚ軸成分の強さＢｚ を検知するためのホール素子とに加え、荷重、変位量を検出するため、着磁面１ａのＹ軸成分の強さＢｙを検知するためのホール素子を要する。 An example in which a magnetic sensor is used as the sensor 2 that detects the magnetic flux density of the magnetic body 1 will be described. The sensor 2 is arranged close to and facing the magnetized surface 1a of the magnetic body 1, and the sensor 2 is fixed to a fixing member (not shown). The magnetic flux density detected by the sensor 2 from the magnetic body 1 changes as the inner ring 10 rotates, and the sensor 2 is electrically connected to the arithmetic device 30 . In order to detect the deformation of the inner ring 10, which is a rotating body, the sensor 2 detects a first magnetic flux density emitted from the magnetized surface 1a of the magnetic body 1 in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface 1a, as shown in FIG. (By) is detected. Furthermore, in order to detect the rotational speed and rotational angle (rotational position) of the inner ring 10, the sensor 2 detects a second magnetic flux density (Bx) emitted in the circumferential direction from the magnetized surface 1a, and a second magnetic flux density (Bx) emitted from the magnetized surface 1a to the A third magnetic flux density (Bz) emitted in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field is detected. As the detection element used in the sensor 2, a Hall element, an MR element (magnetoresistive element), etc. are used, and the second magnetic flux density (Bx) emitted in the circumferential direction from the conventional magnetized surface 1a and the magnetized surface 1a In addition to the third magnetic flux density (Bz) emitted from the magnetized surface 1a in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface 1a, the first magnetic flux density (By) emitted from the magnetized surface 1a in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface 1a is also detected. A highly sensitive one is preferred. For example, in the case of a Hall element, in addition to the Hall element for detecting the strength Bx of the X-axis component of the magnetized surface 1a or the strength Bz of the Z-axis component, load and displacement In order to detect the amount, a Hall element is required to detect the strength By of the Y-axis component of the magnetized surface 1a.

図２は、本実施形態に係る検出装置１００の一例を示すブロック図である。
検出装置１００は、上述したとおり、内輪１０に取り付けられた磁性体１と、磁性体１から発生する磁束密度を検出可能なセンサ２と、演算装置３０とを備える。演算装置３０は、ＣＰＵで構成され各種制御を実行する制御部３と、センサ２が検出する各種磁束密度（Ｂｘ～Ｂｚ）に基づき各種演算処理を行う処理部４と、処理部４での演算処理を実行するために必要な各種プログラムやデータが記憶される記憶部５と、センサ２からの信号を受信する受信部６と、演算装置３０を操作する操作部７と、測定・算出結果を表示する表示部８と、内輪１０の変形等、異常を検出した際に警告音やランプを点灯・点滅させる等を報知する報知部９等を備える。記憶部５は、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭ等のメモリやＨＤＤで構成され、各種演算結果を適宜、記憶される。処理部４は、荷重・変形量算出部４０と、速度・角度算出部４１とを備える。荷重・変形量算出部４０は、測定径が変わることによる第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）の変化率を使用して算出する。具体的には、図４（ａ）及び図４（ｂ）に示した第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）と測定径（図３（ｂ）参照）との後記する特性に基づき、センサ２によって検出された第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）の値の変化率を算出し、そこから変形量を算出する。そしてその変形量から荷重を算出する。速度・角度算出部４１は、第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）及び第３磁束密度（Ｂｚ）の２つの磁気パターンをデジタル信号に変換し、演算処理を行って絶対位置検出から回転位置（回転角度）情報を算出する。また速度・角度算出部４１は、第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）及び第３磁束密度（Ｂｚ）の２相のパルス信号から距離を算出し、内輪１０の回転速度の算出も実行する。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the detection device 100 according to this embodiment.
As described above, the detection device 100 includes the magnetic body 1 attached to the inner ring 10, the sensor 2 capable of detecting the magnetic flux density generated from the magnetic body 1, and the arithmetic device 30. The arithmetic unit 30 includes a control unit 3 that is configured with a CPU and executes various controls, a processing unit 4 that performs various arithmetic processes based on various magnetic flux densities (Bx to Bz) detected by the sensor 2, and a A storage unit 5 stores various programs and data necessary to execute processing, a reception unit 6 receives signals from the sensor 2, an operation unit 7 operates the arithmetic device 30, and a storage unit 5 stores measurement and calculation results. It includes a display section 8 for displaying a display, and a notification section 9 for notifying a warning sound, lighting/flashing a lamp, etc. when an abnormality such as deformation of the inner ring 10 is detected. The storage unit 5 is composed of a memory such as a ROM or a RAM, or an HDD, and stores various calculation results as appropriate. The processing section 4 includes a load/deformation calculation section 40 and a speed/angle calculation section 41. The load/deformation calculation unit 40 performs calculation using the rate of change in the first magnetic flux density (By) due to a change in the measurement diameter. Specifically, it is detected by the sensor 2 based on the characteristics described later of the first magnetic flux density (By) shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) and the measurement diameter (see FIG. 3(b)). The rate of change in the value of the first magnetic flux density (By) is calculated, and the amount of deformation is calculated from there. Then, the load is calculated from the amount of deformation. The speed/angle calculation unit 41 converts the two magnetic patterns of the second magnetic flux density (Bx) and the third magnetic flux density (Bz) into digital signals, performs arithmetic processing, and calculates the rotational position (rotation angle) from absolute position detection. Calculate information. The speed/angle calculation unit 41 also calculates the distance from the two-phase pulse signals of the second magnetic flux density (Bx) and the third magnetic flux density (Bz), and also calculates the rotational speed of the inner ring 10.

次に図３及び図４を参照しながら、回転体である内輪１０の変形検出に用いられる着磁面１ａから着磁面１ａの周方向に対して垂直方向に発する第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）の特性についての分析結果について説明する。ここでは、フェライトのゴム磁石を用いて測定を行った。 Next, with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the first magnetic flux density (By) emitted from the magnetized surface 1a in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface 1a used for detecting deformation of the inner ring 10, which is a rotating body. We will explain the analysis results regarding the characteristics of. Here, measurements were performed using a ferrite rubber magnet.

図３（ａ）のグラフは、図３（ｂ）に示す磁性体１の測定径＜１＞～＜３＞の位置における第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）を検知した結果を示すものであり、ここでは横軸を回転角度（°）、縦軸を磁束密度（ｍＴ）としている。図３（ｂ）に示すとおり、測定径＜１＞が３つの測定径の中では一番径が小さく、測定径＜３＞が３つの測定径の中では一番径が大きい位置である。図３（ａ）によれば、いずれの測定径＜１＞～＜３＞においても、磁束密度の振幅は大小あるが、ｓｉｎ波が確認され、１回転につき、ｓｉｎ信号が１周期ずつ生成されていることが確認できた。 The graph in FIG. 3(a) shows the results of detecting the first magnetic flux density (By) at the positions of the measurement diameter <1> to <3> of the magnetic body 1 shown in FIG. 3(b). Here, the horizontal axis is the rotation angle (°), and the vertical axis is the magnetic flux density (mT). As shown in FIG. 3(b), the measurement diameter <1> is the smallest of the three measurement diameters, and the measurement diameter <3> is the largest of the three measurement diameters. According to FIG. 3(a), although the amplitude of the magnetic flux density is large and small for all measurement diameters <1> to <3>, a sine wave is confirmed, and a sine signal is generated one cycle per rotation. It was confirmed that

図４（ａ）のグラフは、図３（ａ）のｓｉｎ波を示す同じ磁性体１に対し、同じ測定径＜１＞～＜３＞における第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）を検知した結果を示す。ここでは横軸を測定径（ｍｍ）、縦軸を磁束密度（ｍＴ）とし、第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）だけでなく、測定径＜１＞～＜３＞の位置で第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）及び第３磁束密度（Ｂｚ）についても測定を行った。この測定結果から第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）及び第３磁束密度（Ｂｚ）は、いずれの位置でもほぼ同じ測定値を示す一方、第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）は、測定径＜１＞において急激に低下する大きな変化率を示すことがわかった。 The graph in FIG. 4(a) shows the results of detecting the first magnetic flux density (By) at the same measurement diameters <1> to <3> for the same magnetic body 1 exhibiting the sine wave in FIG. 3(a). . Here, the horizontal axis is the measurement diameter (mm), and the vertical axis is the magnetic flux density (mT).In addition to the first magnetic flux density (By), the second magnetic flux density (Bx ) and the third magnetic flux density (Bz) were also measured. From this measurement result, the second magnetic flux density (Bx) and the third magnetic flux density (Bz) show almost the same measurement value at any position, while the first magnetic flux density (By) suddenly changes at the measurement diameter <1>. It was found that a large rate of change was observed.

図４（ｂ）は、それぞれの磁束密度の変化率をより明らかに示したグラフである。ここでは、横軸は測定径（ｍｍ）、縦軸は図４（ａ）の測定結果を比にしたものである。縦軸は、一番変化率が大きかった測定径＜１＞を基準（「１」）とし、その基準からどの程度変化しているかを示している。比にすると第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）及び第３磁束密度（Ｂｚ）にほとんど変化がないことが明らかである。一方、第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）は、径方向の変化に対して、磁束密度の変化率が非常に大きいといえる。
以上より、第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）、すなわち着磁面１ａのＹ軸成分の強さＢｙをセンサ２で検知することで、回転体の径方向の変化が加わると、第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）に大きな変化が生じるので、この特性から荷重、変形量を検出することができる。 FIG. 4(b) is a graph that more clearly shows the rate of change in each magnetic flux density. Here, the horizontal axis is the measured diameter (mm), and the vertical axis is the ratio of the measurement results in FIG. 4(a). The vertical axis indicates the degree of change from the standard ("1"), which is the measured diameter <1> with the largest rate of change. In terms of ratio, it is clear that there is almost no change in the second magnetic flux density (Bx) and the third magnetic flux density (Bz). On the other hand, it can be said that the first magnetic flux density (By) has a very large rate of change in magnetic flux density with respect to a change in the radial direction.
From the above, by detecting the first magnetic flux density (By), that is, the strength By of the Y-axis component of the magnetized surface 1a with the sensor 2, when a change in the radial direction of the rotating body is applied, the first magnetic flux density (By) ), the load and amount of deformation can be detected from this characteristic.

本実施形態に係る検出装置１００によれば、第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）の特性を活かし、センサ２によって第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）を検知することで、内輪１０の変形（傾き）を検出できる。よって、検出装置１００による検出結果から、内輪１０に過剰な（ラジアル）荷重が加わったことが推測できる。また第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）を検知結果に基づく荷重・変形量算出部４０の演算結果に閾値を設定し、閾値を超えると荷重・変形量の異常とみなして、検出装置１００の報知部９で警告音等を報知させる態様とすれば、回転軸の破損等を未然に防止できる。また上記構成によれば、ひとつの磁性体１を用いて、内輪１０の変形に加え、内輪１０の回転速度及び回転角度を検出できる。 According to the detection device 100 according to the present embodiment, the deformation (tilt) of the inner ring 10 can be detected by utilizing the characteristics of the first magnetic flux density (By) and detecting the first magnetic flux density (By) with the sensor 2. . Therefore, from the detection result by the detection device 100, it can be inferred that an excessive (radial) load has been applied to the inner ring 10. In addition, a threshold value is set in the calculation result of the load/deformation amount calculation unit 40 based on the detection result of the first magnetic flux density (By), and when the threshold value is exceeded, it is regarded as an abnormality in the load/deformation amount, and the notification unit 9 of the detection device 100 If the system is configured to issue a warning sound or the like, damage to the rotating shaft can be prevented. Further, according to the above configuration, using one magnetic body 1, in addition to the deformation of the inner ring 10, the rotation speed and rotation angle of the inner ring 10 can be detected.

図５は、ラジアルタイプの磁性体１Ａの例を示す図である。上記実施形態と共通の箇所には共通の符号を付し、共通する事項の説明は省略する。上記実施形態では、アキシャルタイプの磁性体１について説明したが、これに限定されず、図５に示すような内輪１０の一側面１０ｂに設けられる磁性体１Ａとして適用可能である。この場合も、アキシャルタイプのものと同様に着磁面１ａから周方向に発する第２磁束密度（Ｂｘ）と、着磁面１ａから着磁面１ａに対して垂直方向に発する第３磁束密度（Ｂz）だけでなく、着磁面１ａから着磁面１ａの周方向に対して垂直方向に発する第１磁束密度（Ｂｙ）を検知し、処理部４は、第１磁束密度の変化に基づき、回転体である内輪１０の軸方向の変形を検出する。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a radial type magnetic body 1A. The same parts as in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the explanation of the common items will be omitted. In the above embodiment, the axial type magnetic body 1 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be applied as a magnetic body 1A provided on one side 10b of the inner ring 10 as shown in FIG. In this case, as in the case of the axial type, the second magnetic flux density (Bx) is emitted from the magnetized surface 1a in the circumferential direction, and the third magnetic flux density (Bx) is emitted from the magnetized surface 1a in the perpendicular direction to the magnetized surface 1a. Bz) as well as the first magnetic flux density (By) emitted from the magnetized surface 1a in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface 1a, and the processing section 4 detects, based on the change in the first magnetic flux density, Deformation in the axial direction of the inner ring 10, which is a rotating body, is detected.

次に図６（ａ）～図６（ｄ）を参照しながら、検出装置１００を構成する磁性体１とセンサ２の配置例について説明する。磁性体１とセンサ２とは、図１に示すようにセンサ２が磁性体１の着磁面１ａに対して対向して配備され、図６（ａ）に示すように、環状のひとつの磁性体１に対しひとつのセンサ２で上記検出を行うようにしてもよいし、図６（ｂ）に示すように例えば図６（ａ）に設けられたセンサ２の位置を基準に９０°異なる位置にセンサ２を設けてもよい。また図６（ｃ）に示すように図６（ｂ）の例に加えて、さらに１８０°異なる位置にセンサ２を設けてもよい。また図６（ｄ）に示すように磁性体１の周方向における同じ位置に磁性体１の縁部に幅方向に対向して２つのセンサ２，２を設置してもよい。センサ２の設置は、図例に限定されず、等間隔に複数設置してもよい。このように着磁面１ａに対向してセンサ２が複数個間隔を空けて設けられているようにすれば、複数の箇所で回転体（内輪１０等）の変形の検出を行うことができるので、検出精度の向上を図ることができる。 Next, an example of the arrangement of the magnetic body 1 and the sensor 2 that constitute the detection device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6(a) to 6(d). As shown in FIG. 1, the magnetic body 1 and the sensor 2 are arranged so that the sensor 2 faces the magnetized surface 1a of the magnetic body 1, and as shown in FIG. The above detection may be performed with one sensor 2 for the body 1, or the detection may be performed at a position 90° different from the position of the sensor 2 provided in FIG. 6(a), as shown in FIG. 6(b). The sensor 2 may be provided in the. Further, as shown in FIG. 6(c), in addition to the example of FIG. 6(b), the sensor 2 may be provided at a position further 180° different. Further, as shown in FIG. 6(d), two sensors 2, 2 may be installed at the same position in the circumferential direction of the magnetic body 1 and facing each other in the width direction at the edge of the magnetic body 1. The installation of the sensors 2 is not limited to the illustrated example, and a plurality of sensors 2 may be installed at equal intervals. By arranging a plurality of sensors 2 at intervals facing the magnetized surface 1a in this manner, deformation of the rotating body (inner ring 10, etc.) can be detected at multiple locations. , it is possible to improve detection accuracy.

上述したとおり、実施形態に係る検出装置１００の構成・態様は上記実施形態に限定されない。例えば磁性体１の形状は、図例のような薄状の環状体に限定されず、円筒体でもよい。また回転体の変形検出を行う対象は軸受装置の内輪１０に限定されず、例えば、シートの巻き取り設備等、軸回転する機械装置の回転部材等に適用できる。 As described above, the configuration and aspects of the detection device 100 according to the embodiment are not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the shape of the magnetic body 1 is not limited to the thin annular body as shown in the figure, but may be a cylindrical body. Furthermore, the object for detecting deformation of a rotating body is not limited to the inner ring 10 of a bearing device, but can be applied to, for example, a rotating member of a mechanical device that rotates around an axis, such as sheet winding equipment.

１００ 検出装置
１０ 内輪（回転体）
１，１Ａ 磁性体
１ａ 着磁面
２ センサ
Ｂｙ 第１磁束密度
Ｂｘ 第２磁束密度
ｂｚ 第３磁束密度 100 Detection device 10 Inner ring (rotating body)
1,1A Magnetic body 1a Magnetized surface 2 Sensor By 1st magnetic flux density Bx 2nd magnetic flux density bz 3rd magnetic flux density

Claims (4)

軸回転する回転体に装着され周方向にＮ極とＳ極とが交互に複数着磁された環状体からなる磁性体と、前記磁性体の磁束密度を検出するセンサと、前記センサによる検出結果に基づき前記回転体の変形を検出する処理部とを備えた検出装置であって、
前記センサは、前記磁性体の着磁面から前記着磁面の周方向に対して垂直方向に発する第１磁束密度を検出し、
前記処理部は、前記第１磁束密度の変化に基づき、前記回転体の変形を検出することを特徴とする検出装置。 A magnetic body consisting of an annular body attached to a rotating body that rotates on an axis and having a plurality of N poles and S poles alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction, a sensor that detects the magnetic flux density of the magnetic body, and a detection result by the sensor. A detection device comprising: a processing unit that detects deformation of the rotating body based on the
The sensor detects a first magnetic flux density emitted from the magnetized surface of the magnetic body in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the magnetized surface,
The detection device is characterized in that the processing section detects deformation of the rotating body based on a change in the first magnetic flux density. 請求項１において、
前記センサは、前記着磁面から周方向に発する第２磁束密度または、前記着磁面から前記着磁面に対して垂直方向に発する第３磁束密度を検出し、
前記処理部は、前記第２磁束密度または前記第３磁束密度に基づき、前記回転体の回転速度及び回転角度を検出することを特徴とする検出装置。 In claim 1,
The sensor detects a second magnetic flux density emitted from the magnetized surface in a circumferential direction or a third magnetic flux density emitted from the magnetized surface in a direction perpendicular to the magnetized surface,
The detection device is characterized in that the processing unit detects the rotation speed and rotation angle of the rotating body based on the second magnetic flux density or the third magnetic flux density. 請求項１または請求項２において、
前記センサは、前記着磁面に対向し複数個が間隔を空けて設けられていることを特徴とする検出装置。 In claim 1 or claim 2,
The detection device is characterized in that a plurality of the sensors are provided facing the magnetized surface and spaced apart from each other. 請求項１または請求項２において、
前記回転体は、車両の軸受装置の回転側部材であることを特徴とする検出装置。 In claim 1 or claim 2,
A detection device characterized in that the rotating body is a rotating member of a bearing device of a vehicle.
JP2022102480A 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 detection device Pending JP2024003378A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2022102480A JP2024003378A (en) 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 detection device
DE102023115680.2A DE102023115680A1 (en) 2022-06-27 2023-06-15 DETECTION DEVICE

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP2022102480A JP2024003378A (en) 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 detection device

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JP2024003378A true JP2024003378A (en) 2024-01-15

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