JP2024002813A - Method for producing high-selenium-content milk - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for producing high-selenium-content milk that improves a flavor of raw milk and meets high-quality milk standards, thereby significantly enhancing quality of raw milk.SOLUTION: A method for producing high-selenium-content milk includes adding larval powder of black soldier fly to concentrated cow feed. The larval powder of the black soldier fly added into the concentrated cow feed contains selenium in an amount of 0.18 ppm. To the concentrated cow feed, 10% of the black soldier fly larval powder (containing 0.18 ppm of selenium) is added, and 10 kg/day of the concentrated feed is administered. The produced raw milk contains 101.2 ppb of a selenium element. The selenium content in the raw milk can be increased up to 5.11 times.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing high-selenium milk, and in particular, it involves adding black soldier fly larvae produced using a circular economy to concentrated dairy cow feed to increase lactation. By increasing the content of selenium element (Se) in milk, the production volume and quality of lactated raw milk will increase, which will increase the profits of dairy farmers (dairy farmers), as well as supply the necessary nutrients to those who drink it. The present invention relates to a method for producing high-selenium milk, which is significant because it can kill two birds with one stone by increasing the value of the industrial economy and reducing environmental pollution by means of a circular economy.

Medical reports have reported that selenium (Se) has the following effects (1) to (4).
(1) It can promote DNA and RNA synthesis.
(2) Glutathione peroxidase oxidizes cell fats and oils in the body to obtain detoxification and antioxidant effects, thereby increasing the immunity of the human body.
(3) The spread of filter-borne pathogens can be suppressed.
(4) It has been demonstrated that it has cancer prevention and treatment effects. According to the experimental results of Dr. Clark of the University of Arizona in the United States, 69% of prostate cancers, 64% of colon cancers, and 39% of lung cancers can be reduced, and the mortality rate due to cancer can be halved. recommends that adults consume 50 to 200 μg of selenium daily as a safe and sufficient amount.

As pointed out by Aspira (1991) and Hemkem et al (1998), if dairy cows are not fed 0.7 ppm inorganic selenium or 0.1 ppm organic selenium, the selenium concentration in milk will not reach the physiological requirement of 20 μg/liter. However, with conventional technology, the amount of selenium added to dairy cow feed is rather low (inorganic selenium is approximately 0.1 ppm), and the required amount could not be achieved, resulting in an average of 250 ml of milk per person. Calculated assuming that it is ingested, the selenium content obtained from milk alone is only 5.0 μg, which can increase the selenium content in milk, increase the value of milk, and improve the health of the drinker.

More than 5,000 tons of excrement and 2,000 tons of leftover food are generated every day from livestock raised in Japan, but the government has banned their use for pig farming to prevent the spread of African swine fever. ing. For this reason, only fermented and composted material is used, but the manufacturing process takes a long time and causes problems in that it pollutes the environment and air. In addition, the residue (bean residue) from tofu factories can be used directly to raise dairy cows, but there was a problem that it contaminated the dairy cow breeding area during transportation, so the above-mentioned chicken manure, leftover food, etc. At present, the most appropriate circular economy is to cultivate black soldier flies using bean residue and turn it into an animal protein feed source (in place of fishmeal and soybean meal) to form a "circular economy." It has become an industry trend.

Black soldier fly larvae are a new forage insect with strong survivability. After hatching during the egg stage (3 to 4 days), it becomes a larva on the 4th to 8th day (survival period approximately 18 days), pupa → emergence → adult (survival period 7 days) and spawns. Since the larvae can take the food of the maggots (livestock feces, food scraps, and legumes), the larvae contain 42.6% crude protein (including natural antipeptone), 27.51% crude fat, and 5% thermal energy. It reaches .604 kcal, and the content of elemental selenium also reaches 0.18 ppm (details will be explained below).

American black soldier fly larva nutritional analysis value
Moisture 4.90%
Crude protein 42.60%
Crude fat 27.51%
Crude ash 11.46%
Thermal energy 5604kcal/kg

American black soldier fly larva amino acid composition (1)
Aspartic acid ASP 3.73%
Threonine THR 1.68%
Serine SER 1.74%
Glutamic acid GLU 4.17%
Proline PRO 2.18%
Glycine GLY 2.19%
Alanine ALA 3.00%
Cystine CYS 0.25%

American black soldier fly larva amino acid composition (2)
Valin VAL 2.29%
Methionine MET 0.59%
Isoleucine ILE 1.35%
Leucine LEU 2.92%
Tyrosine TYR 2.47%
Phenylalanine PHE 1.83%
Lysine LYS 2.47%
Histidine HIS 0.96%
Arginine ARG 1.79%

American black soldier fly larva fatty acid composition (1)
Caprylic Acid Undetected Pelargonic Acid 0.37%
Lauric Acid 9.63%
Tridecanoic Acid Undetected Myristic Acid 2.02%
Myristoleic Acid 0.02%
Pentadecanoic Acid 0.07%
Palmitic Acid 4.15%

American black soldier fly larva fatty acid composition (2)
Palmitoleic Acid 0.56%
Margaric Acid 0.09%
Stearoc Acid 1.11%
Oleic Acid 3.52%
Reaction formula C18: 1t 0.14%
Reaction formula C18: 2t 0.02%
Linoleic Acid 3.45%
α-Linoleic Acid 0.32%

American black soldier fly larva mineral analysis value
Sodium 0.20%
Potassium 1.28%
Calcium 2.63%
Phosphorus 0.91%
Magnesium 0.41%
Copper 14.75ppm
Zinc 138.58ppm
Iron 644.38ppm
Manganese 275.17ppm
Selenium 0.18ppm

Pesticide residue detection value comparison
Multiple pesticides: 310 types in total 309 types are chicken manure (carbaryl) which is lower than the test quantitative limit 0.30ppm
Leftovers (carbaryl) 0.15ppm
Tofu residue (carbaryl) 0.01ppm
Black soldier fly larva (Carbaryl) 0ppm

The present inventor filed an application for "Method for producing cow (sheep) milk containing selenium (Taiwan Patent Application No. 088114467)" (Patent Document 1) on August 24, 1999, R.O.C. In December 1992 (A.D. 2003), we obtained a patent right (patent certificate number: No. 192467), which increased the selenium content in raw milk by about four times (78.7 ppb), but it was already established in the 108th year of the Republic of China ( The patent term expired in 2019 (AD). Although the patent right has not yet been granted for "A new method for producing high selenium milk" (Taiwan Patent Application No. 109128009) (Patent Document 2), which was filed on August 18, 1999, the inventor of the present invention Once again, black soldier fly larvae powder produced through a circular economy was used as an ingredient in dairy cow feed, and the test results highlighted an important discovery.

Taiwan Patent Application No. 088114467 Taiwan Patent Application No. 109128009

In order to overcome the novelty and inventiveness of the above-mentioned patent documents, the present inventor has conducted intensive research and has completed the present invention of a method for producing high selenium milk. In the present invention, 10% black soldier fly larvae are included in the concentrated feed of the dairy cow feed, and the amount of the concentrated feed of this example given to the dairy cows is adjusted depending on the amount of raw milk produced by the dairy cows. For example, the standard is to feed 1 kg of concentrate feed per 2.5 kg of raw milk produced per day by one dairy cow. For example, if the daily milk production of a dairy cow is 25 kg, the standard is to feed 10 kg of concentrated feed (including 1 kg of black soldier fly larva powder) per day per dairy cow.

The concentrated feed composition of the dairy cow feed of the present invention includes corn, soybean meal, black soldier fly larvae, wheat bran, vegetable oil, molasses, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, salt and premix, and the calculated nutritional content is , crude protein 17.2%, calcium 1%, phosphorus 0.5%, selenium 0.18 ppm, digestible energy 78%, net energy 1.86 (Mcal/kg) (Table 1 ).

The roughage for dairy cow feed consists of a combination of 60% corn storage and 40% Bermuda hay, and is fed at 5% of their body weight. That is, feed 30 kg per animal per day.

In the present invention, 16 dairy cows were sampled, and healthy lactating cows with approximately the same raw milk production and no symptoms such as mastitis or hoof disease were divided into two areas and 8 cows were placed in each area. The animals are fed the concentrated feed of the present invention, the commercially available concentrated feed, and the same roughage. The raw milk production volume, selenium content and milk components contained in the milk are checked regularly every month, and statistics and analysis are conducted after 6 months have passed.

As shown in the present invention, the concentrate of dairy cow feed contains 10% black soldier fly larva powder, and the amount of selenium contained in the raw milk of lactation is 101.2 ^a ± 11.5 (ppb). This is five times higher than the control group's 19.8 ^b ±9.8 (ppb), and their daily milk production increases by 17.1%, which can increase profits for breeders (see Table 2). do).

As shown in the present invention, the concentrate of dairy cow feed contains 10% black soldier fly larva powder, which can increase the lactose content in milk by 4.9%, making it more palatable and reducing the crude fat content by 8%. .3%, the flavor of raw milk can be improved to suit the taste of the drinker (see Table 3).

As shown in the present invention, if the amount of selenium contained in the milk components of dairy cows reaches 101.2 ppb and the population ingests 250 ml of raw milk every day, the amount of selenium ingested from raw milk is 25.3 μg per day. This amount is at least half of the 50 μg recommended by the US FDA, so it is beneficial to the public's health.

(Embodiment)
Please refer to FIG. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for producing high selenium milk according to an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of this method is that the concentrated feed (see Table 1) for dairy cows during the lactation period contains 10% black soldier fly larvae powder, and the cows are fed a uniformly mixed feed. Without limiting the invention, the feed to be given is determined based on the milk production of the dairy cow, and the standard is that 1 kg of concentrate feed is fed to produce 2.5 kg of raw milk. For example, if the daily milk production is 25 kg, it is necessary to feed each cow 10 kg of concentrate (including 1 kg of black soldier fly larva meal) per day.

The results of the present invention are shown in (1) to (3) below.
(1) The selenium content in raw milk was ^101.2a ±11.5ppb, which was 5 times that of the control group ^19.8b ±9.8ppb, and the raw milk production increased by 17.1%. (See Table 2).
(2) Increasing the lactose content in raw milk by 4.9% can improve the mouthfeel of raw milk (see Table 3).
(3) The fat in raw milk increases by 8.3% and the protein increases by 3.1%, which enhances the flavor of raw milk, meets the standards of high-quality milk, and significantly improves the quality of raw milk (P <0.05) (see Table 3).

1 is a flow chart showing a method for producing high selenium milk according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (3)

A method for producing high-selenium milk, which comprises adding black soldier fly larva powder to a concentrated dairy cow feed. 2. The method for producing high-selenium milk according to claim 1, wherein the amount of selenium contained in the black soldier fly larva powder added to the concentrated feed of the dairy cow feed is 0.18 ppm. 10% black soldier fly larva powder (containing 0.18 ppm selenium) is added to the concentrate of the dairy cow feed, and 10 kg of concentrate is fed per day.
The method for producing high selenium milk according to claim 1, wherein the produced raw milk contains 101.2 ppb of elemental selenium, and the selenium content in the raw milk can be increased by up to 5.11 times.