CN111545555A - Closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for kitchen waste - Google Patents
Closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN111545555A CN111545555A CN202010606462.3A CN202010606462A CN111545555A CN 111545555 A CN111545555 A CN 111545555A CN 202010606462 A CN202010606462 A CN 202010606462A CN 111545555 A CN111545555 A CN 111545555A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
Abstract
The closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for the kitchen waste comprises the steps of solid-liquid separation, bone paste preparation, room-temperature fermentation, black soldier fly cultivation, biological fertilizer preparation, dry insect and fresh insect feed preparation, organic vegetable and fruit cultivation, high-protein aquatic product and poultry agricultural and sideline product cultivation, dining table reproduction and closed-cycle treatment process circulation. The method is used for treating the kitchen waste in hotels and dining halls, and is based on the ecological food chain closed cycle concept, so that the environmental pollution is reduced, organic ecological food is provided, the kitchen waste is completely and fully digested and reused, waste is changed into valuable, and derivative benefits are generated; green and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment processes in operation and transportation, and particularly relates to a closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for kitchen waste.
Background
At present, restaurant units such as hotels, restaurants, dining halls and the like usually pour various residual meals into specified recycling tanks directly, and then transport the meals to specified recycling units for reprocessing, wherein the recycling units generally treat kitchen waste in a way that: the residue is directly used for feeding livestock, and the grease after oil-water separation is used for industrial extraction to extract industrial oil. The recycling type treatment mode is not high in sufficient utilization rate of the kitchen waste and is not beneficial to environment-friendly treatment in the later period. In the method for biodegrading the kitchen waste by the hermetia illucens disclosed in patent number zl201910567158.x in the prior art, although the kitchen waste is biodegraded and recycled by the hermetia illucens, the reutilization rate of biological products obtained after the kitchen waste is subjected to later-stage biodegradation is not high, and meanwhile, the kitchen waste used for cultivating the hermetia illucens by the process is uncertain in component content and the food-chasing effect of the hermetia illucens is uncertain, so that the final cultivation effect is influenced. Therefore, the following technical scheme for improving the process is provided for how to establish an ecological chain closed circulation mode of the kitchen waste and realize an ecological chain closed circulation treatment processing mode for fully changing the kitchen waste into valuables.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the closed-cycle full ecological chain treatment process for the kitchen waste thoroughly solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the biological utilization rate of the kitchen waste post-treatment process is low, and the breeding effect of black soldier flies is uncertain.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for the kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step a), solid-liquid separation: solid-liquid separation is carried out on the kitchen waste by using kitchen waste treatment equipment to obtain solid and liquid substances;
step b), preparing bone paste: crushing large bones in the solid kitchen waste obtained in the step a) by using an osteoclast machine, and then grinding the crushed bones by using a bone paste grinder to obtain bone paste;
step c), room temperature fermentation: adding lactic acid bacteria into the bone paste obtained in the step b), and fermenting to obtain a fermentation product;
step d), breeding the hermetia illucens: taking the fermentation product obtained in the step c) as a food of hermetia illucens larvae, and feeding the hermetia illucens larvae to obtain hermetia illucens adults;
step e), preparing a biological fertilizer: collecting, fermenting and decomposing the excrement generated by the adult hermetia illucens obtained in the step d) to prepare a biological fertilizer;
step f), preparing dry insect and fresh insect feed: puffing and drying the adult hermetia illucens obtained in the step d) by using special puffing and drying equipment to prepare dry insects so as to obtain high-protein dry insect feed; or directly using the hermetia illucens imagoes obtained in the step d) as fresh worm feed;
step g), cultivating organic vegetables and fruits: applying the biological fertilizer obtained in the step e) to organic vegetables and fruits to obtain organic vegetables and fruits;
step h), cultivating high-protein aquatic products and poultry agricultural and sideline products: using the high-protein dry worm or fresh worm feed obtained in the step f) to feed aquatic products and poultry, so as to obtain selenium-rich high-protein aquatic and poultry agricultural and sideline products;
step i), table reproduction: making the organic vegetables and fruits and aquatic products with high protein and poultry agricultural and sideline products obtained in the steps g) and h) into food, putting the food on a dining table, and generating kitchen waste again;
step j), closed-loop processing: and (3) repeating the steps from the step a) to the step i) to process the kitchen waste generated in the step i), and circularly establishing a closed-loop ecological chain treatment process operation mode for biodegradation of the kitchen waste.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for further make full use of kitchen garbage, realize kitchen garbage's abundant changing waste into valuables's reuse: carrying out oil-water separation treatment on the liquid obtained in the step a) through oil-water separation equipment to obtain grease and wastewater; the obtained grease is subjected to industrial refining to obtain industrial oil, and the obtained wastewater is discharged into a sewer and conveyed to a reclaimed water treatment station through the sewer to be recovered for reclaimed water treatment
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for improving the taxis of heisui river horsefly cultivation in-process: the water content of the solid obtained in the step a) is less than or equal to 70 percent; crushing the solid with the water content of less than or equal to 70% into granules with the size of less than or equal to 5 mm by using an osteoclast machine, and then grinding by using the bone mud grinder in the step b) to obtain bone mud; and b) grinding the bone paste by using a bone paste grinder to obtain bone paste particles with the size of at least 50 meshes.
In the technical scheme, the bone paste and the lactic acid bacteria in the step c) are mixed according to the proportion of 100:1 and stirred, and are fermented for 6 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product.
In the technical scheme, in the step d) and the breeding process of the hermetia illucens, the consumption rate of the fermentation product is 8 Kg/day for every 1Kg of hermetia illucens larvae; and under the condition that the black soldier fly larvae are continuously fed all day long, the black soldier fly larvae grow into adult black soldier fly larvae 7 days later.
In the technical scheme, in order to facilitate storage and transportation and retain the nutritional ingredients of the black water dry insect feed: and f) drying the high-protein dry insect feed prepared by using special puffing and drying equipment, wherein the water content of the high-protein dry insect feed is 5%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the scheme, solid-liquid separation is firstly carried out to obtain solid garbage and liquid garbage, and the solid garbage and the liquid garbage are respectively processed and reused; by adopting the production process, various products can be obtained by the processing chain of the whole production process; namely industrial oil, hermetia illucens feed, hermetia illucens adults, hermetia illucens manure, hermetia illucens dry worm feed, organic vegetables, poultry and fish rich in protein; and the kitchen waste can be completely consumed by the whole process processing chain without leaving. Therefore, the full-process production can more fully and completely realize the full reuse of the resources of changing the kitchen waste into valuable by adopting the deep processing production of the process, and compared with the non-closed cycle and non-full ecological chain production and processing in the prior art, the process is more environment-friendly and realizes the full utilization of waste resources;
2. the scheme adopts a new process production chain, and realizes the consumption of the kitchen waste based on the basic principle of breeding and feeding the hermetia illucens organisms; respectively using the mature black soldier fly excrement and adult to prepare a biological fertilizer and a biological feed, so as to realize the reutilization of the black soldier fly adult; and using biofertilizer obtained based on adult black water for planting organic vegetables; dry insect and fresh insect feed obtained based on the black water adult are respectively used for feeding poultry, aquatic fishes and the like; then the obtained agricultural and sideline products such as vegetables, eggs, fishes and the like are returned to the dining table again; the kitchen waste generated by the dining table enters the next closed cycle again; thereby establishing and realizing an ecological chain closed circulation mode for changing the kitchen waste into valuable, completely eliminating the pollution of the kitchen waste to the environment and realizing the full utilization of resources;
3. the application place of the scheme mainly takes the kitchen waste of restaurant units such as hotels, restaurants, dining halls and the like as the main base material; the solid kitchen waste has rich bone, calcium and protein contents; grinding the solid garbage with high element content, adding lactobacillus, and fermenting to feed hermetia illucens; the black soldier fly is fed after grinding, so that the black soldier fly is more exquisite and has excellent palatability and feeding tendency; the lactobacillus is fermented and fed, the adult rate is high, the size of the adult is large, the digestion is facilitated, and the rotten peculiar smell can be eliminated; additionally, the biological properties of lactic acid bacteria: the adult black soldier fly feed has the characteristics of no putrefactive protein, no indole compound and organic amine generation and no reduction of nitrate into nitrite in intestinal tracts of adults (see the first author of the research on lactobacillus fermentation products, college of food and bioengineering of university of south China, the 2003, stage S1), so that the black soldier fly adult is fed after the lactobacillus biological fermentation, and the black soldier fly adult with higher adult rate, more health, safety and excellent nutrition can be obtained; meanwhile, adult feed products rich in protein and calcium elements are obtained; further obtain agricultural and sideline products with better quality such as animal protein; the maximum benefit is generated;
4. the vegetable and fruit planted by the hermetia illucens feces is a real organic vegetable and fruit; the high-quality protein content of aquatic products and poultry fed by the hermetia illucens is higher than that of common meat; the taste is more delicious; the food is taken as meat, vegetable and fruit food and is arranged on a dining table, so that the kitchen waste is completely digested and utilized, no harmful output exists in the middle, and the food is green and environment-friendly.
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FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1. It is to be understood that the following description of the embodiments is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The techniques described herein are also described in flow charts. For ease of discussion, certain operations are described in these flowcharts as different constituent steps performed in a particular order. These implementations are exemplary and not limiting. Certain operations may be grouped together and performed in a single operation, and certain operations may be performed in an order different than employed in the examples described in this disclosure.
The closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for the kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step a), solid-liquid separation: solid-liquid separation is carried out on the kitchen waste by using kitchen waste treatment equipment to obtain solid and liquid substances; carrying out oil-water separation treatment on the liquid obtained in the step a) through oil-water separation equipment to obtain grease and wastewater; the obtained grease is subjected to industrial extraction to obtain industrial oil, and the obtained wastewater is discharged into a sewer and is conveyed to a reclaimed water treatment station through the sewer to be recovered for reclaimed water treatment; the sewage quality of urban drainage is improved, and pipeline blockage of an urban drainage system is reduced.
It should be noted that the industrial oil is particularly useful for formulation for making degradable lubricating greases, and is prohibited for use in the food field. Wherein, the kitchen waste treatment equipment and the oil-water separation equipment are all matched products of the company.
Step b), preparing bone paste: crushing large bone contained in the solid kitchen waste obtained in the step a) into particles with the size of less than or equal to 5 mm by using an osteoclast machine, and then grinding by using a bone mud grinder in the step b) to obtain bone mud; the bone mud grinder is used for grinding and processing solid kitchen waste, and can play roles in balancing and allocating decayed food nutrition in the later period and facilitating mixed fermentation preparation.
In the above embodiment, in order to improve the feeding tendency of the black soldier fly in the breeding process: the water content of the solid obtained in the step a) is less than or equal to 70 percent; crushing large bone contained in the solid with the water content of less than or equal to 70% into particles with the size of less than or equal to 5 mm by using an osteoclast machine, grinding by using the bone paste grinding machine in the step b), and adding water to mix to obtain bone paste; and b) grinding the bone paste by using a bone paste grinder to obtain bone paste particles with the size of at least 50 meshes.
It should be noted that: the application place of the invention mainly takes the kitchen waste of restaurant, dining hall and other catering units as the main base material. The solid kitchen waste has abundant bone, calcium and protein contents; grinding the solid garbage with high element content, adding lactobacillus, and fermenting to feed hermetia illucens; the black soldier fly is fed after grinding, and is more exquisite, and has excellent palatability and feeding tendency.
Step c), room temperature fermentation: adding lactic acid bacteria into the bone paste obtained in the step b), and fermenting to obtain a fermentation product; in the above embodiment, the bone paste of step c) and lactic acid bacteria are mixed at a ratio of 100:1, and fermented at 25 ℃ for 6 days to obtain the fermentation product.
Step d), breeding the hermetia illucens: taking the fermentation product obtained in the step c) as a food of hermetia illucens larvae, and feeding the hermetia illucens larvae to obtain hermetia illucens adults; in the embodiment, in the steps d) and the breeding process of the hermetia illucens, the consumption rate of the fermentation product is 8Kg per day for every 1Kg of hermetia illucens larvae; and the hermetia illucens larvae grow into adult hermetia illucens 7 days later.
According to the feed, the black soldier fly larvae are fed after being fermented by lactic acid bacteria, so that the adult rate is high, the digestion is facilitated, and the rotten peculiar smell can be eliminated; additionally, the biological properties of lactic acid bacteria: "has the characteristics of no putrefactive protein, no indole compound and organic amine generation in intestinal tract of adult, and no reduction of nitrate into nitrite" (refer to the first author of lactobacillus fermentation product research, college of food and bioengineering, university of south China, Guangzhou food industry science and technology, 2003, S1). Therefore, the black soldier fly imagoes with higher imago rate, more health, safety and excellent nutrition can be obtained by feeding the black soldier fly imagoes after the lactobacillus biological fermentation; meanwhile, adult feed products rich in protein and calcium elements are obtained; further, agricultural and sideline products such as animal protein with better quality as described in the process later can be obtained; the maximum benefit is generated.
Step e), preparing a biological fertilizer: collecting, fermenting and decomposing the excrement generated by the adult hermetia illucens obtained in the step d) to prepare a biological fertilizer; in the above embodiment, the method for collecting, fermenting and decomposing the feces of the adult hermetia illucens comprises the following steps: collecting the excrement by using a special excrement collecting tool in an auxiliary manner; putting the collected excrement into a special decomposition container, adding a decomposed microorganism composite fermentation material, and performing decomposed fermentation for 1-2 months to prepare the biological fertilizer.
Step f), preparing dry insect and fresh insect feed: puffing and drying the adult hermetia illucens obtained in the step d) by using special puffing and drying equipment to prepare dry insects so as to obtain high-protein dry insect feed; or directly using the hermetia illucens imagoes obtained in the step d) as fresh worm feed; in the above embodiment, the water content of the high-protein dry insect feed prepared by puffing and drying the feed in the step f) by using special puffing and drying equipment is 5%.
Step g), cultivating organic vegetables and fruits: applying the biological fertilizer obtained in the step e) to organic vegetables and fruits to obtain organic vegetables and fruits;
step h), cultivating high-protein aquatic products and poultry agricultural and sideline products: using the high-protein dry worm or fresh worm feed obtained in the step f) to feed aquatic products and poultry, so as to obtain selenium-rich high-protein aquatic and poultry agricultural and sideline products;
step i), table reproduction: making the organic vegetables and fruits and aquatic products with high protein and poultry agricultural and sideline products obtained in the steps g) and h) into food, putting the food on a dining table, and generating kitchen waste again;
step j), closed-loop processing: and (3) repeating the steps from the step a) to the step i) to process the kitchen waste generated in the step i), and circularly establishing a closed-loop ecological chain treatment process operation mode for biodegradation of the kitchen waste.
From the above description it can be found that: the solid-liquid separation is firstly adopted to obtain the solid garbage and the liquid garbage, and the solid garbage and the liquid garbage are respectively processed and reused. By adopting the production process, various products can be obtained by the processing chain of the whole production process; namely industrial oil, black soldier fly feed, adult black soldier fly, manure of black soldier fly manure, dry black soldier fly feed, organic vegetables, poultry and fish rich in protein. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the product types obtained by processing and producing the non-full-ecological non-closed-cycle industrial chain are more in quantity and more scientific, and the method has the closed-loop recyclable characteristic of a food chain. Therefore, the deep processing production by adopting the process can more fully and completely realize the full reutilization of the resources of changing the kitchen waste into valuable in the full process production, and compared with the non-full ecological non-closed cycle production and processing in the prior art, the process is more environment-friendly and realizes the full utilization of waste resources.
In addition, the production chain is produced by adopting a brand-new closed cycle process, the consumption of the kitchen waste is realized on the basis of the basic principle of breeding and feeding the hermetia illucens, the environment is protected, and the quick biodegradation and resource regeneration of the kitchen waste are realized. Meanwhile, the mature hermetia illucens feces and adults are respectively used for preparing a biological fertilizer and a biological feed, so that the hermetia illucens adults are recycled. Then, biofertilizer obtained based on adult black water was used for planting organic vegetables; dry insect and fresh insect feed obtained based on the black water adult are respectively used for feeding poultry, aquatic fishes and the like; then the obtained agricultural and sideline products such as vegetables, eggs, fishes and the like are returned to the dining table again; the kitchen waste generated by the dining table enters the next closed cycle again; therefore, an ecological chain closed circulation mode for changing the kitchen waste into valuable is established and realized, a product chain in the whole process is established, and a product in each step is always used as a food supply chain model for the next product to establish the closed circulation mode, so that the aim of no harmful substance output is realized to the maximum extent, and the full utilization of resources is realized in the true sense; thereby reducing environmental pollution and changing waste into valuable. Provides high-quality meat and eggs and aquatic food materials and creates a new ecological food chain.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent changes made by the contents of the claims of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for the kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step a), solid-liquid separation: solid-liquid separation is carried out on the kitchen waste by using kitchen waste treatment equipment to obtain solid and liquid substances;
step b), preparing bone paste: crushing large bones in the solid kitchen waste obtained in the step a) by using an osteoclast machine, and grinding the crushed bones by using a bone paste grinder to obtain bone paste;
step c), room temperature fermentation: adding lactic acid bacteria into the bone paste obtained in the step b), and fermenting to obtain a fermentation product;
step d), breeding the hermetia illucens: taking the fermentation product obtained in the step c) as a food of hermetia illucens larvae, and feeding the hermetia illucens larvae to obtain hermetia illucens adults;
step e), preparing a biological fertilizer: collecting, fermenting and decomposing the excrement generated by the adult hermetia illucens obtained in the step d) to prepare a biological fertilizer;
step f), preparing dry insect and fresh insect feed: puffing and drying the adult hermetia illucens obtained in the step d) by using special puffing and drying equipment to prepare dry insects so as to obtain high-protein dry insect feed; or directly using the hermetia illucens imagoes obtained in the step d) as fresh worm feed;
step g), cultivating organic vegetables and fruits: applying the biological fertilizer obtained in the step e) to organic vegetables and fruits to obtain organic vegetables and fruits;
step h), cultivating high-protein aquatic products and poultry agricultural and sideline products: using the high-protein dry worm or fresh worm feed obtained in the step f) to feed aquatic products and poultry to obtain selenium-rich high-protein aquatic product and poultry agricultural and sideline products;
step i), table reproduction: making the organic vegetables and fruits and aquatic products with high protein and poultry agricultural and sideline products obtained in the steps g) and h) into food, putting the food on a dining table, and generating kitchen waste again;
step j), closed-loop processing: and (3) repeating the steps from the step a) to the step i) to process the kitchen waste generated in the step i), and circularly establishing a closed-loop ecological chain treatment process operation mode for biodegradation of the kitchen waste.
2. The closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: carrying out oil-water separation treatment on the liquid obtained in the step a) through oil-water separation equipment to obtain grease and wastewater; and the obtained grease is subjected to industrial refining to obtain industrial oil, and the obtained wastewater is discharged into a sewer and is conveyed to a reclaimed water treatment station through the sewer to be recovered for reclaimed water treatment.
3. The closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water content of the solid obtained in the step a) is less than or equal to 70 percent; crushing large bone contained in the solid with the water content of less than or equal to 70% into particles with the size of less than or equal to 5 mm by using an osteoclast machine, and then grinding by using the bone mud grinder in the step b) to obtain bone mud; and b) grinding the bone paste by using a bone paste grinder to obtain bone paste particles with the size of at least 50 meshes.
4. The closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: and c) stirring the bone paste and the lactic acid bacteria according to the proportion of 100:1, and fermenting for 6 days at 25 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product.
5. The closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step d) and the breeding process of the hermetia illucens, the consumption rate of the fermentation product per 1Kg of hermetia illucens larvae is 8 Kg/day; and the black soldier fly larvae grow into black soldier fly imagoes 7 days later under the condition of continuously feeding the black soldier fly larvae all day long.
6. The closed-cycle full-ecological-chain treatment process for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: and f) drying the high-protein dry insect feed prepared by using special drying equipment to obtain the high-protein dry insect feed with the water content of 5%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7349114B1 (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2023-09-22 | 禾香實業有限公司 | High selenium milk production method |
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| CN107345176A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-11-14 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of kitchen garbage high-value-use method |
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| JP2001049360A (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-02-20 | Unitika Ltd | Process for recovering lead in fly ash |
| US20170265496A1 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-09-21 | River Road Research, Inc. | Method for converting food waste and other biological waste into invertebrate feed |
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| JP7349114B1 (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2023-09-22 | 禾香實業有限公司 | High selenium milk production method |
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Application publication date: 20200818 |