JP2023527541A - 電気泳動ディスプレイデバイス - Google Patents
電気泳動ディスプレイデバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023527541A JP2023527541A JP2022573243A JP2022573243A JP2023527541A JP 2023527541 A JP2023527541 A JP 2023527541A JP 2022573243 A JP2022573243 A JP 2022573243A JP 2022573243 A JP2022573243 A JP 2022573243A JP 2023527541 A JP2023527541 A JP 2023527541A
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Images
Classifications
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- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
- G09G3/344—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G2310/068—Application of pulses of alternating polarity prior to the drive pulse in electrophoretic displays
Abstract
Description
CR=Rb/Rw
コントラスト比(CR)は、不透明度のインジケータであり、当然ながら、電気泳動媒体中に存在する顔料の層の厚さならびに使用される顔料のタイプに伴って変動する。一般に、CR=0.98において、完全不透明度を得る。塗料の隠蔽力は、黒色基板にわたって得られる反射率が白色基板にわたって得られるものの98%である程度まで、黒色と白色基板との間のコントラストを排除するためのその能力であると理解される。この電気泳動媒体において使用される光透過性顔料の層は、約0.5以下、好ましくは、0.3以下のコントラスト比を有するべきである。下記に説明される実験において使用される青色顔料は、約0.2のコントラスト比を有する。反射性顔料は、約0.6以上、好ましくは、約0.7以上のコントラスト比を有するべきである。
(i)ある極性を有する第1の駆動電圧を印加し、第1の期間にわたって、ビュー表面に向かって、部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子と、部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子と同一の極性の電荷を帯びている光反射性を有する粒子とを駆動することと、
(ii)ステップ(i)の後、第1の期間より長い第2の期間にわたって、駆動電圧を印加しないことと、
(iii)ステップ(i)および(ii)を繰り返し、それによって、2つのタイプの粒子の混合物の色(好ましくは、黒色)がビュー表面に表示されることを引き起こすことと
を含む。
(i)ある極性を有する第2の駆動電圧を印加し、第3の期間にわたって、ビュー表面に向かって、部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子を駆動することと、
(ii)第3の期間より長い第4の期間にわたって、第2の駆動電圧と反対の極性および第2の駆動電圧未満の大きさを有する第3の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(iii)ステップ(i)および(ii)を繰り返すことと、
(iv)ステップ(i)および(ii)の繰り返し後、第5の期間にわたって、第3の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(v)第6の期間にわたって、駆動電圧を印加しないことと、
(vi)ステップ(iv)および(iv)を繰り返すことと、
(vii)ステップ(iv)および(v)の繰り返し後、第7の期間にわたって、第2の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(viii)第7の期間より長い第8の期間にわたって、第3の駆動電圧と同一の極性を有するが第3の駆動電圧より小さい大きさを有する第4の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(ix)ステップ(vii)および(viii)を繰り返すが、ステップ(viii)の繰り返しがステップ(vii)の繰り返しに続くことなく終結し、それによって、ビュー表面において光透過性タイプの粒子の色を表示することと
を含む。
(i)ある極性を有する第5の駆動電圧を印加し、第9の期間にわたって、ビュー表面に向かって、一方の極性の2つのタイプの粒子を駆動することと、
(ii)第9の期間より長い第10の期間にわたって、第5の駆動電圧と反対の極性および第5の駆動電圧未満の大きさを有する第6の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(iii)ステップ(i)および(ii)を繰り返すことと、
(iv)ステップ(i)および(ii)の繰り返し後、第4の駆動電圧と同一の極性を有する第6の駆動電圧を印加することであって、第6の駆動電圧の印加の大きさおよび/または時間は、ビュー表面において第2のタイプの粒子の色を表示するようにディスプレイを駆動するために十分ではなく、それによって、ビュー表面において、2つの非白色の光反射性を有する粒子の混合物の色を表示することと
を含む。
本実施例は、図3A~3Fにおいて実証される。高正光透過性粒子は、青色(B)であり、高負粒子は、黄色(Y)であり、低正粒子は、赤色(R)であり、低負粒子は、白色(W)である。図3Aに示される遷移は、完全に混合された状態から開始し、これは、「(M)」で示され、下記に説明されるように、シェイクパルスを印加することによって生み出される。高正電位差(例えば、+15V)および無電位差(0V)の交互パルスが十分な長さの期間にわたってピクセル電極22aに印加されると、青色(B)および赤色(R)粒子は、共通電極(21)またはビュー側に向かって駆動され、黄色および白色粒子は、ピクセル電極22a側に向かって駆動される。赤色(R)および白色(W)粒子は、より弱い電荷を保有しているため、高荷電青色および黄色粒子より遅く移動する。結果として、青色粒子は、(図3Aに図示されるように)赤色粒子が青色粒子のすぐ下にある状態で共通電極に直接隣接して置かれる。上記にすでに検討された理由から、これは、ピクセルが黒色に見えることを引き起こし、これは、図3Aにおいて「(K)」で示され、白色および黄色粒子は、反射赤色粒子によって覆い隠され、表示される色に影響を及ぼさない。
(a)電気泳動粒子、流体、および流体添加物(米国特許第7,002,728号および第7,679,814号参照)。
(b)カプセル、結合剤、およびカプセル化プロセス(米国特許第6,922,276号および第7,411,719号参照)。
(c)マイクロセル構造、壁材料、およびマイクロセルを形成する方法(米国特許第7,072,095号および第9,279,906号参照)。
(d)マイクロセルを充填およびシールする方法(例えば、米国特許第7,144,942号および第7,715,088号参照)。
(e)電気光学材料を含むフィルムおよびサブアセンブリ(例えば、米国特許第6,825,829号、第6,982,178号、第7,112,114号、第7,158,282号、第7,236,292号、第7,443,571号、第7,513,813号、第7,561,324号、第7,636,191号、第7,649,666号、第7,728,811号、第7,729,039号、第7,791,782号、第7,826,129号、第7,839,564号、第7,843,621号、第7,843,624号、第8,034,209号、第8,068,272号、第8,077,381号、第8,177,942号、第8,390,301号、第8,482,835号、第8,786,929号、第8,830,553号、第8,854,721号、第9,075,280号、第9,238,340号、第9,470,950号、第9,554,495号、第9,563,099号、第9,733,540号、第9,778,536号、第9,835,925号、第10,444,591号、および第10,466,564号、ならびに、米国特許出願公開第2007/0237962号、第2009/0168067号、および第2011/0164301号参照)。
(f)ディスプレイにおいて使用されるバックプレーン、接着剤層、および他の補助層、ならびに方法(例えば、米国特許第7,116,318号および第7,535,624号参照)。
(g)色形成および色調節(例えば、米国特許第6,017,584号、第6,545,797号、第6,664,944号、第6,788,452号、第6,864,875号、第6,914,714号、第6,972,893号、第7,038,656号、第7,038,670号、第7,046,228号、第7,052,571号、第7,075,502号、第7,167,155号、第7,385,751号、第7,492,505号、第7,667,684号、第7,684,108号、第7,791,789号、第7,800,813号、第7,821,702号、第7,839,564号、第7,910,175号、第7,952,790号、第7,956,841号、第7,982,941号、第8,040,594号、第8,054,526号、第8,098,418号、第8,159,636号、第8,213,076号、第8,363,299号、第8,422,116号、第8,441,714号、第8,441,716号、第8,466,852号、第8,503,063号、第8,576,470号、第8,576,475号、第8,593,721号、第8,605,354号、第8,649,084号、第8,670,174号、第8,704,756、第8,717,664号、第8,786,935号、第8,797,634号、第8,810,899号、第8,830,559号、第8,873,129号、第8,902,153号、第8,902,491号、第8,917,439号、第8,964,282号、第9,013,783号、第9,116,412号、第9,146,439号、第9,164,207号、第9,170,467号、第9,170,468号、第9,182,646号、第9,195,111号、第9,199,441号、第9,268,191号、第9,285,649号、第9,293,511号、第9,341,916号、第9,360,733号、第9,361,836号、第9,383,623号、第9,423,666号、第9,436,056号、第9,459,510号、第9,513,527号、第9,541,814号、第9,552,780、第9,640,119号、第9,646,547号、第9,671,668号、第9,697,778号、第9,726,959号、第9,740,076号、第9,759,981号、第9,761,181号、第9,778,538号、第9,779,670号、第9,779,671号、第9,812,073号、第9,829,764号、第9,921,451号、第9,922,603号、第9,989,829号、第10,032,419号、第10,036,929号、第10,036,931号、第10,332,435号、第10,339,876号、第10,353,266号、第10,366,647号、第10,372,010号、第10,380,931号、第10,380,955号、第10,431,168号、第10,444,592号、第10,467,984号、第10,475,399号、第10,509,293号、および第10,514,583号、ならびに、米国特許出願公開第2008/0043318号、第2008/0048970号、第2009/0225398号、第2010/0156780号、第2011/0043543号、第2012/0326957号、第2013/0242378号、第2013/0278995号、第2014/0055840号、第2014/0078576号、第2015/0103394号、第2015/0118390号、第2015/0124345号、第2015/0268531号、第2015/0301246号、第2016/0026062号、第2016/0048054号、および第2016/0116818号参照)。
(h)ディスプレイを駆動する方法(例えば、米国特許第7,012,600号および第7,453,445号参照)。
(i)ディスプレイの用途(例えば、米国特許第7,312,784号および第8,009,348号参照)。
Claims (17)
- 流体と、前記流体中に分散している第1、第2、第3、および第4のタイプの粒子とを備える電気泳動媒体であって、前記第1、第2、第3、および第4のタイプの粒子は、互いと異なる第1、第2、第3、および第4の色をそれぞれ有し、前記第1および第3のタイプの粒子は、一方の極性の電荷を有し、前記第2および第4のタイプの粒子は、反対の極性の電荷を有し、前記第1のタイプの粒子は、前記第3のタイプの粒子より大きなゼータ電位または電気泳動移動度を有し、前記第2のタイプの粒子は、前記第4のタイプの粒子より大きなゼータ電位または電気泳動移動度を有し、前記タイプの粒子のうちの1つは、白色であり、前記タイプの非白色粒子のうちの1つは、部分的に光透過性を有し、前記残りの2つのタイプの非白色粒子は、光反射性を有する、電気泳動媒体。
- 前記白色タイプの粒子は、前記第3または第4のタイプの粒子である、請求項1に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子は、前記白色粒子と反対の極性の高荷電タイプの粒子である、請求項2に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子と同一の電荷を帯びている前記光反射性を有するタイプの粒子は、前記2つのタイプの粒子の混合物が実質的に全ての可視放射線を吸収するような光学特性を有する、請求項3に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記第1のタイプの粒子は、光透過性を有し、前記第2のタイプの粒子は、黄色であり、前記第4のタイプの粒子は、白色であり、前記第1および第3のタイプの粒子は、赤色および青色である(いずれの順序でもよい)、請求項1に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記光透過性顔料の層は、約0.5以下のコントラスト比を有する、請求項1に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記光透過性顔料の層は、約0.3以下のコントラスト比を有する、請求項1に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記第1、第2、第3、および第4の色の全てと異なる第5の色を有する第5のタイプの荷電粒子をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記第5のタイプの粒子は、光反射性を有し、前記部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子と同一の極性を有する電荷を帯びている、請求項8に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記第5のタイプの粒子は、前記同一の極性の電荷を帯びている他の2つのタイプの粒子より大きなゼータ電位または電気泳動移動度を有する、請求項9に記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 請求項1に記載の電気泳動媒体の層を備える電気泳動ディスプレイデバイスであって、フロントおよびリア電極が、電気泳動媒体の層の対向側上に配置され、電圧制御手段が、前記フロントおよびリア電極の電位を制御するように配列されている、電気泳動ディスプレイデバイス。
- 請求項1に記載の電気泳動媒体の層を含むフロントプレーン積層、反転フロントプレーン積層、または二重離型フィルム。
- 請求項11に記載の電気泳動ディスプレイデバイスを駆動する方法であって、前記方法は、
(i)ある極性を有する第1の駆動電圧を印加し、第1の期間にわたって、ビュー表面に向かって、部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子と、前記部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子と同一の極性の電荷を帯びている光反射性を有する粒子とを駆動することと、
(ii)ステップ(i)の後、前記第1の期間より長い第2の期間にわたって、駆動電圧を印加しないことと、
(iii)ステップ(i)および(ii)を繰り返し、それによって、前記2つのタイプの粒子の混合物の色が前記ビュー表面に表示されることを引き起こすことと
を含む、方法。 - 請求項11に記載の前記電気泳動ディスプレイデバイスを駆動する方法であって、前記方法は、
(i)ある極性を有する第2の駆動電圧を印加し、第3の期間にわたって、ビュー表面に向かって、部分的に光透過性を有するタイプの粒子を駆動することと、
(ii)前記第3の期間より長い第4の期間にわたって、前記第2の駆動電圧と反対の極性および前記第2の駆動電圧未満の大きさを有する第3の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(iii)ステップ(i)および(ii)を繰り返すことと、
(iv)ステップ(i)および(ii)の前記繰り返し後、第5の期間にわたって、前記第3の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(v)第6の期間にわたって、駆動電圧を印加しないことと、
(vi)ステップ(iv)および(iv)を繰り返すことと、
(vii)ステップ(iv)および(v)の前記繰り返し後、第7の期間にわたって、前記第2の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(viii)前記第7の期間より長い第8の期間にわたって、前記第3の駆動電圧と同一の極性を有するが前記第3の駆動電圧より小さい大きさを有する第4の駆動電圧を印加することと、
ステップ(vii)および(viii)を繰り返すが、ステップ(viii)の繰り返しがステップ(vii)の繰り返しに続くことなく終結し、それによって、前記ビュー表面において前記光透過性タイプの粒子の色を表示する、ことと
を含む、方法。 - ゼロ電圧の期間が、各ステップ(i)と後続ステップ(ii)との間および/または各ステップ(vii)と後続ステップ(viii)との間に挿入される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 請求項11に記載の前記電気泳動ディスプレイデバイスを駆動する方法であって、前記方法は、
(i)ある極性を有する第5の駆動電圧を印加し、第9の期間にわたって、ビュー表面に向かって、一方の極性の2つのタイプの粒子を駆動することと、
(ii)前記第9の期間より長い第10の期間にわたって、前記第5の駆動電圧と反対の極性および前記第5の駆動電圧未満の大きさを有する第6の駆動電圧を印加することと、
(iii)ステップ(i)および(ii)を繰り返すことと、
(iv)ステップ(i)および(ii)の前記繰り返し後、前記第4の駆動電圧と同一の極性を有する第6の駆動電圧を印加することであって、前記第6の駆動電圧の印加の大きさおよび/または時間は、前記ビュー表面において前記第2のタイプの粒子の色を表示するように前記ディスプレイを駆動するために十分ではなく、それによって、前記ビュー表面において、2つの非白色の光反射性を有する粒子の混合物の色を表示する、ことと
を含む、方法。 - ゼロ電圧の期間が、各ステップ(i)と後続ステップ(ii)との間に挿入される、請求項16に記載の方法。
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TW202212947A (zh) | 2022-04-01 |
WO2021247991A1 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
US20210382369A1 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
KR20220158823A (ko) | 2022-12-01 |
CN115668049A (zh) | 2023-01-31 |
US11868020B2 (en) | 2024-01-09 |
US20240019752A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
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