JP2023505400A - ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタム(Lactobacillus fermentum) LF-SCHY34とその応用 - Google Patents
ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタム(Lactobacillus fermentum) LF-SCHY34とその応用 Download PDFInfo
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- LXJXRIRHZLFYRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Chemical compound O=CC(O)COP(O)(O)=O LXJXRIRHZLFYRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thioglycolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CS GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
1.1人工胃液中のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムLF-SCHY34の生存率の測定
この人工胃液が0.2%のNaCl、0.35%ペプシンからなった。1mol/LHClでpHを3.0に調整した後、0.22μmの滅菌フィルターでろ過して滅菌した。5mlのMRS液体培地に入れて2回活性化したLP-KFY04を3000rpmで10分間遠心分離して菌体を回収した。滅菌生理食塩水で2回洗浄し、5mLの生理食塩水に入れた。この菌液と滅菌した人工胃液を1:1(v/v)で混合し、よく振って37℃の恒温器で培養し、それぞれ0hと3hに生菌の数を測定し、式(1)に従って人工胃液中のLF-SCHY34の生存率を算出した。
2%(v/v)接種物で2回活性化したLP-KFY04を0.0%および0.3%のブタ胆汁酸塩を含むMRS-THIO培地に接種し(MRS培地には0.2%チオグリコレートナトリウムを添加し、121℃で15分間滅菌)、37℃の恒温振とう機で24時間、ブランク培地(未接種MRS-THIO培地)を対照し、ブランク培地と接種した培地を96ウェルプレートに加える。各穴は200mlで、波長が600nmのとことで吸光度を測定され、成長効率は式(2)に従って計算された。
ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムSCHY34の懸濁液を1500xgで10分間遠心分離して菌体を収集し、生理食塩水で2回洗浄した後、遠心分離して菌体を収集した。バクテリアをpH6.3の50mg/L硝酸鉛溶液に加え、バクテリアの最終濃度は1g/Lで、37℃で24時間培養し、8000xgで20分間遠心分離して上澄みを収集し、火炎原子吸着法を使用して元の溶液の鉛イオン濃度C0、吸着後の鉛イオン濃度C1を測定し、式(3)に従って鉛イオン吸着率を計算した。
ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムSCHY34の懸濁液を1500xgで10分間遠心分離して菌体を収集し、生理食塩水で2回洗浄した後、遠心分離して菌体を収集した。波長580nmでの吸光度が1.000になるように生理食塩水で細胞濃度を調整した。細菌懸濁液の調整された吸光度2mlを取り、2mlのキシレンと混合し、120分間ボルテックスし、室温で30分間置き、1mlの上部水相を吸収し、生理食塩水をブランクコントロールとして、580nmでの吸光度値A0とサンプル吸光度値A1を測定した。式(4)に従って乳酸菌の表面疎水性を計算した。
1.5.1ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムLF-SCHY34の体外ヒドロキシルラジカルの消去能力の測定
ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムLF-SCHY34を109cfu/mLの懸濁液にして使用するサンプルとして用意した。試験管に1mLの0.05mol/LpH7.4リン酸緩衝液と0.5mLの6mmol/Lo-diazafilを加えて十分に混合した後、0.5mLの6mmol/LFeSO4溶液を加えて直ちに混合した。試験管は、サンプル管、ブランク管、コントロール管に分けて使用した。サンプルチューブに細菌懸濁液のサンプル溶液を0.5mL、コントロールチューブに0.1%H2O2溶液を0.5mL加えてよく混合し、0.5mLの0.1%H2O2溶液を入れて、最後に4mLに補充し、37℃で1時間保持し、536nmでの吸光度をAiおよびAとして測定した。ブランク管にはサンプル溶液とH2O2溶液を添加せず、リン酸緩衝液を直接使用して、後続の実験のために容量を4mLに補充し、最終的に測定された吸光度はA0とした。式(5)に従ってヒドロキシルラジカル消去率を計算した。
1mLの2mmol/LDPPHエタノール溶液を1mLのラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムLF-SCHY34懸濁液(109cfu/mL)に追加した。1mLのラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムSCHY34懸濁液(109cfu/mL)を1mLの無水エタノールに追加した。1mLの2mmol/LDPPHエタノール溶液に1mLの無水エタノールを加えて室温で30分間静置し、517nmの波長で測定した吸光度をAi、Aj、A0とし、DPPHフリーラジカル消去率を式(6)で計算した。
0.1mLのラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムLF-SCHY34懸濁液(109cfu/mL)を4.5mLのpH8.0のTris-HCl緩衝液に加え、25℃の水浴で20分間予熱した後、0.4mLの25mmol/Lo-トリフェノールを加え、25℃の水浴で5分間反応させ、直ちに8mol/LのHClを2滴滴下して反応を終了させ、325nmの波長で吸光度をAとして測定し、ブランク群はA0として試料を0.1mLH2Oに置き換えて、スーパーオキサイドアニオン消去率を式(7)で算出した。
0.5mLのラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムLF-SCHY34細菌懸濁液(109cfu/mL)を取り、0.5mLの0.2mol/L、pH7.2のリン酸緩衝液と0.5mLの1%フェリシアン化カリウムを加え、50°の水浴で培養し、急冷した。次に、0.5mLの10%トリクロロ酢酸を加え、1500xgで10分間遠心分離し、1mLの上清を取り、1mLの蒸留水と1mLの0.1%塩化第二鉄を加えてよく混合した。10分間後、700nmの波長で吸光度を測定した。システイングループの異なる用量を標準として設定し、サンプルグループの吸光度を標準グループの測定単位(μmol/L)に変換して比較した。
人工胃液中のLF-SCHY34の生存率は88.71%±0.23%、人工胆汁酸塩での増殖効率は85.32%±0.41%、表面疎水性率は43.78%±0.75%、鉛イオン吸着率は69.58%±0.56%、ヒドロキシルラジカル、スーパーオキシドアニオンおよびDPPHの除去率はそれぞれ44.15%±0.41%、66.11%±0.97%および79.49%±0.87%であり、還元力は111.66±1.18μmol/Lである。データの各グループは、LF-SCHY34がinvitroで強力な抗酸化能力を持ち、フリーラジカルを効果的に除去できることを示していた。
鉛イオンの吸着前後のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムLF-SCHY34菌体の走査型電子顕微鏡法、走査型エネルギースペクトル分析および透過型電子顕微鏡法分析
2.1走査型電子顕微鏡と走査型エネルギースペクトル分析
鉛イオン溶液を含まない菌体と50mg/Lの鉛イオンを吸着した菌体を取り、8000xgで20分間遠心分離し、滅菌超純水で3回洗い、上記と同じ条件で遠心分離し、次にジアルデヒドに注ぎ、1.5hで固定し、リン酸緩衝液で3回洗浄し、6000xgで10分間遠心分離し、次に異なる濃度(50%、70%、90%、100%)のエタノールで1回脱水し、次に6000xgで10分間遠心分離し、その後エタノールとtert-ブタノールの混合物(v/v=1/1)と純粋なtert-ブタノールで1回洗浄し、6000xgで10分間遠心分離し、菌体を-20℃で30分間凍結し、凍結乾燥機で4時間乾燥し、最後にサンプルの表面に厚さ100~150Aの金属膜をイオンスパッタリングコーターでプレーティングし、観察室に置いて観察し、エネルギー分散分光計で素子組成を分析した。
鉛イオン溶液のない菌体と50mg/Lの鉛イオンを吸着した菌体を取り、8000xgで20分遠心分離し、2.5%グルタルアルデヒド溶液で4℃で固定し一夜を過ごし、固定液をぶちまけて、0.1M、pH7.0のリン酸緩衝液でサンプルを3回(15分間/回)洗い、1%オスミウム酸溶液で1~2時間固定し、オスミウム酸廃液を丁寧に取り除き、0.1M、pH7.0のリン酸緩衝液でサンプルを3回(15分間/回)洗った。濃度の異なるエタノール溶液(30%、50%、70%、80%、90%、95%)でサンプルに15分間/回で脱水した後、100%エタノールで20分間処理した。埋込剤とアセトンの混合液(v/v=1/1)で1時間処理し、埋込剤とアセトンの混合液(v/v=3/1)で3時間処理し、純粋な包埋剤で一夜処理し、浸透処理した試料を包埋し、70℃で一夜加熱して包埋試料を得た。試料は切片にして、クエン酸鉛溶液と50%エタノール飽和酢酸ウラニル溶液でそれぞれ5~10分間染色し、乾燥させて透過型電子顕微鏡での観察に備えた。
図1は、鉛イオン吸着前後のLF-SCHY34乳酸菌の走査型電子顕微鏡像と透過型電子顕微鏡像である。図1-aは、吸着前の正常群のLF-SCHY34菌体の走査型電子顕微鏡像であり、観察により、乳酸菌細胞は形態的に無傷であり、輪郭がはっきりしていて、清潔で充実しており、表面が滑らかで、エッジの境界がはっきりしており、表面に粒子状物質や付着物がないことがわかる。図1-cは、鉛吸着後のLF-SCHY34菌体の走査型電子顕微鏡像であり、菌体の走査型電子顕微鏡像を見ると、乳酸菌の菌株細胞の変形は深刻で、細胞は扁平に凹み、粗い外観になり、細胞の縁の輪郭はぼやけ、さらにはピースに付着して不規則に凝集するような現象が見られ、同時に細胞の便の表面が微粒子で覆われていることもわかった。
ラットにおける酢酸鉛誘導性酸化ストレスに対するラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムLF-SCHY34の緩和効果
6週齢のSPF雄性SDラット48匹を、1週間の馴化給餌後、正常群を12匹、鉛誘導群を12匹、EDTA(Sigma-Aldrich,StLouis,MO,USA)群を12匹、LF-SCHY34群を12匹の計4群にランダムに分けた。正常群のラットには,実験期間中,AIG-93G飼料を与え、酢酸鉛を含まない水を自由に飲ませた。他の3群のラットは、AIG-93Gの餌を与えながら、1週目から12週目まで、飲料水の代わりに200mg/Lの濃度の酢酸鉛溶液を自由に飲ませた。EDTA群のラットには8週目から12週目まで、1日あたり50mg/kgの濃度のEDTAを注射し、LF-SCHY34群のラットには、1週目から12週目まで毎日1×109CFU/kg(b.w)のLF-SCHY34を経口投与した。
それぞれ0.0,0.4,0.8,1.2,1.6,2.0mLの鉛標準液を正確に計量し50mLのメスフラスコに入れた後、12.5%のリン酸二水素アンモニウムと2.5%の硝酸マグネシウムの混合物をそれぞれ2mL加え、2%の硝酸で溶液を定容した。グラファイトファーネスアトマイザーに、上記の異なる濃度の標準液をそれぞれ20μL取り、吸光度を測定し、標準曲線を作成した。
SDラットの各群の肝臓および腎臓の同一部位の組織を10%ホルマリン(v/v)で24時間固定し、脱水、除去、ワックス掛け、埋め込み、セクショニング、染色の各ステップを経て、光顕微鏡(BX43;オリンパス、東京、日本)で組織形態を観察し、写真撮影を行った。
100 mgのさまざまな臓器や組織の重さを量り、生理食塩水でホモジナイズした後、血液を遠心分離し、実験のために上澄み液を採取した。キットの操作方法(中国の南京江城生物工学研究所)に従って、臓器生化学的指標カタラーゼ(CAT)、活性酸素種(ROS)、総スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ(T-SOD)、マロンジアルデヒド(MDA)およびグルタチオン(GSH)レベルを測定した。
ラット血清および組織ホモジネート上清を採取し、キットの操作方法(Shanghai Yaji Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Shanghai)に従って、血清中のIL-6,IL-10,IL-1β,TNF-α,IFN-γのレベルを測定した。
ラット血清を採取し、キットの操作方法(Shanghai Yaji Biotechnology Co. Ltd.、Shanghai、China)に従って、血清中のδ-アミノレブリン酸デヒドラターゼ(δ-ALAD)、アラニンアミノトランスフェラーゼ(ALT)、アスパラギン酸アミノトランスフェラーゼ(AST),血清クレアチニン(CRE)および血清尿素窒素(BUN)レベルを測定した。
肝臓組織からTRIzol(Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA)を用いてRNAを抽出し、RNAの濃度を1 μg/μLに調整した。cDNA逆転写キット(Thermo Fisher Scientific)を用いてRNAをcDNAとして合成した。続いて、合成したcDNAと10 μLの SYBR Green PCR Master Mix(Thermo Fisher Scientific)、2 μLのプライマー(表6)、および蒸留水を混合させ、qPCR装置に入れた。qPCRプログラム:95℃ 60秒; 95℃ 15秒,55℃ 30秒,72℃ 35秒、40サイクル; 95℃ 30秒; 55℃ 35秒。3-ホスホグリセルアルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ(GAPDH)を内部参照遺伝子として用い、2-ΔΔCt式を用いて相対的なmRNA転写レベルを算出した。
肝組織100mgを1mLのRIPA(Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, USA)と10μLのPMSF(Thermofisher)でホモジナイズし、12,000×gで5分間、4℃で遠心分離した。BCA プロテインアッセイキット (Thermofisher)を用いてタンパク質を定量した。タンパク質サンプルをサンプルバッファー(Thermofisher)と4:1で混合し、95℃で5分間加熱した後、サンプルをSDS-PAGEゲルのゲルウェルにスポットし、100Vで泳がせた。SDS-PAGEゲル上のバンドをPVFD膜に転写し、PVDF膜を5%脱脂乳で1時間封入した後、一次抗体(Thermofisher)と4℃で一夜培養し、洗浄後、抗体(Thermofisher)を加えて1時間培養した。Western ECL基板(Thermofisher)を用いて化学発光させた後、iBright(Thermofisher)で画像を取得した(図7)。
106CFUの生菌が腸や胃に到達してプロバイオティクス効果を高めることができることを示す文書がある。人間の胃液のpHは通常約3.0で、小腸の胆汁酸塩含有量は0.03~0.30%である。酸や胆汁酸塩に対する耐性が低い乳酸菌はこの環境では生き残ることはできない。この環境に適応できる乳酸菌は消化管で生き残ることができる。LF-SCHY34が胃酸中の生存能力は88.71%で、胆汁酸塩中の増殖効率は85.32%であり、109CFUのLF-SCHY34を摂取することで腸のプロバイオティクス効果をスムーズに達成できることを示す。
Claims (8)
- LF-SCHY34と命名され、中国一般微生物菌株収集管理センターに保存され、保存番号がCGMCC 第18795号である、ことを特徴とするラクトバチルス・ファーメンタム。
- 重金属中毒を治療または予防のための製品の調製における請求項1に記載のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの応用。
- 重金属中毒を治療または予防するための製品が、重金属を吸着するために使用される、ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの応用。
- 当該ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムが重金属中毒による病症を治療または予防するための製品の調製における請求項1に記載のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの応用。
- 前記重金属中毒による病症が肝臓損傷、腎臓損傷、脳組織損傷である、ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの応用。
- 前記重金属が重金属鉛であり、前記ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの有効量が1回あたり109CFUである、ことを特徴とする請求項2ー5のいずれか1項に記載のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの応用。
- 当該ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムが酸化的損傷を治療または予防のための製品の調製である請求項1に記載のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの応用。
- 当該ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの有効量が1回あたり109CFUである、ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載のラクトバチルス・ファーメンタムの応用。
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