JP2023045236A - housing - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a housing that enables higher-quality space rendering.SOLUTION: A housing (1) includes a gradient roof (2). The gradient roof (2) includes a ridge beam (3) extending in a ridge direction (A1), a pole plate (4) located below the ridge beam (3) and extending in the ridge direction (A1), and a plurality of purlines (6) provided between the ridge beam (3) and the pole plate (4) and extending in the ridge direction (A1). Roof light windows (81, 91) are provided between the pole plate (4) and the lowermost purline (51).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to houses, and more particularly to houses with pitched roofs.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, it is known that a top light (skylight) is provided on a part of a sloping roof for taking sunlight into an indoor space.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-120054 (Patent Document 1) discloses that by providing an openable and closable skylight on a sloping roof, a loft, which tends to be a cramped space, receives natural light from above, giving the indoor space a sense of openness. It reveals what can be done in an overflowing space.

JP 2003-120054 A

Since the skylight of Patent Document 1 can only be provided in the middle position of the sloped roof, there is a limit to the range of space presentation in the indoor space. If it were possible to provide skylights at various positions on a sloped roof, the quality of the spatial presentation of the indoor space would be improved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a house capable of producing a higher-quality spatial presentation.

A house according to one aspect of the present invention is a house having a sloped roof, wherein the sloped roof includes a ridge beam extending in the girder direction, an eaves beam positioned below the ridge beam and extending in the girder direction, and between the ridge beam and the eaves girder. and a plurality of purlins extending in the girder direction, and a skylight is provided between the eaves girders and the lowest purlin.

Preferably, a plurality of rafters that span over the ridge, eaves, and purlins and form eaves below the eaves are provided, and among the rafters, the rafters that support the skylights are compared to the other rafters. It is a structure with increased strength.

Preferably, the rafters supporting the skylight are a collection of rafters.

Preferably, the rafters that support the skylights include reinforcing plates to increase the strength of the rafters.

Preferably, the skylight is a series of windows arranged in a string direction.

Preferably, at least one or more auxiliary rafters divided by the skylight are provided between the rafters that support the skylight.

According to the housing of the present invention, it is possible to produce a space with higher quality.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows typically the frame|framework of a house provided with the pitched roof which concerns on this Embodiment 1, (A) is a partial perspective view, (B) is a top view which expands and shows the continuous window periphery. It is sectional drawing seen from the II line of FIG.1(B). FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an enlarged part of FIG. 2; It is sectional drawing seen from the IV line of FIG.1(B). It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of indoor space. FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the framework of a house with a sloped roof according to Embodiment 2, (A) being a partial perspective view, and (B) being an enlarged plan view showing the vicinity of the continuous windows.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same or corresponding parts in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

<Regarding Embodiment 1>
(Overview)
A house 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1(A) and 1(B). FIG. 1(A) is a partial perspective view schematically showing the framework of a house with a sloped roof according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 1(A) shows only a part of the framework of the sloped roof. FIG. 1(B) is an enlarged plan view showing the vicinity of the continuous window in FIG. 1(A).

A house 1 is a building for people to live in. The house 1 generally has a wooden structure and is composed of a plurality of pieces of wood. House 1 is typically a detached house, but may be a collective housing (for example, row house) comprising a plurality of independent dwelling units. The house 1 may be a multi-story building or a one-story building.

Although illustration is omitted in FIG. 1(A), the house 1 includes a base provided for a foundation cast in the ground, and a base that protrudes upward from the base and is provided along the outer wall (outer wall) of the house 1. and beams that extend horizontally and span over the pillars to transmit the load of the sloped roof 2 to the pillars.

A house 1 has a pitched roof 2. - 特許庁In FIG. 1(A), a hipped roof is shown as the sloped roof 2, but if a roof that slopes downward from above is provided, such as a gabled roof, a shed roof, etc. good.

(About pitched roof)
The sloped roof 2 in this embodiment will be described in detail. The sloped roof 2 includes a ridge beam 3 extending in the girder direction, an eaves girder 4 positioned below the ridge beam 3 and extending in the girder direction, and a plurality of purlins provided between the ridge girder 3 and the eaves girder 4 and extending in the girder direction. 5, and a plurality of rafters 6 that span over the ridge beam 3, the eaves girder 4, and the purlin 5 and form the eaves edge 60 below the eaves girder 4. - 特許庁In FIG. 1B, the column direction is indicated by an arrow A1. The slope of the sloped roof 2 is preferably 6.0 cm or less.

The ridgepole 3 is provided at the highest position of the pitched roof 2, and the ridgepole 3 supports the top of the pitched roof 2. - 特許庁

The eaves girder 4 is provided parallel to the ridgepole 3 and provided at the lowest position of the sloped roof 2. - 特許庁The eaves girder 4 is supported by the plurality of pillars described above. Thus, the eaves girders 4 are provided along the outer wall (periphery) of the house 1 .

A plurality of purlins 5 are provided in parallel between the ridge beams 3 and the eaves girders 4. - 特許庁In the example shown in FIG. 1A, three purlins 5 are provided: a first purlin 51 at the bottom, a third purlin 53 at the top, and a second purlin 52 provided therebetween. It is not limited to this. At least one or more purlins 5 may be provided. In addition, the lowermost first purlin 51 is the purlin closest to the eaves girder 4 .

The rafters 6 are supported at their upper edges on the ridgepole 3 (FIG. 1(A)), at their lower edges on the gable foundation 54 (FIG. 1(B)), and at their lower ends on the eaves girders 4. (Fig. 1(A), (B)). As a result, the rafters 6 form an eaves edge 60 below the eaves girder 4 . That is, below the rafters 6, eaves projecting outward from the wall of the house 1 are formed. The length L1 of the eaves (length protruding downward from the eaves girders 4) is 1000 cm or less, preferably 990 cm or less in terms of strength. It is preferable that the gable base 54 extends along the girder direction and is not divided at the position facing the continuous windows 8 . As particularly shown in FIG. 4, an eaves gutter 55 (indicated by broken lines) for receiving rainwater and flowing it outward may be provided along the girder direction on the outdoor side of the gable base 54 .

A plurality of rafters 6 are provided orthogonally to the ridge beam 3, the eaves girder 4, and the purlin 5, and in the example shown in FIG. do not have. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4 , a sheathing board 21 is arranged above the rafters 6 , and a plurality of roofing materials 22 are spread over the sheathing board 21 . A plurality of rafters 6 will be described later.

(About consecutive windows)
A continuous window 8 is provided between the eaves girder 4 and the bottom purlin 51. - 特許庁The continuous window 8 is formed by connecting skylights in the girder direction, and includes a first skylight 81 and a second skylight 91 . Although two skylights are connected in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and two or more skylights may be provided. The first and second skylights 81 and 91 are windows for efficiently taking sunlight into the indoor space. The first and second skylights 81 and 91 may be closed windows (FIX windows) or openable and closable windows. The first and second skylights 81 and 91 preferably have the same shape, but may have different widths in the girder direction or in directions perpendicular to the girder direction. In other words, at least a part of the skylights 81 and 91 should overlap in the column direction.

Referring particularly to FIG. 1B, the first skylight 81 includes a covering portion 82 and an upper frame 83, a lower frame 84, a left frame 85, and a right frame 86 surrounding the covering portion 82. As shown in FIG. Similarly, the second skylight 91 located on the left side of the first skylight 81 in the row direction includes a covering portion 92 and an upper frame 93, a lower frame 94, a left frame 95, and a right frame 96 surrounding the covering portion 92. . The covering portions 82 and 92 have high translucency that allows at least part of the sunlight to pass therethrough. The covering portions 82 and 92 are planar members typically made of transparent glass.

(About rafters)
With additional reference to Figures 2-4, the plurality of rafters 6 will be described in greater detail. 2 is a cross-sectional view seen from line II in FIG. 1(B), FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is line IV in FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view seen from .

As described above, a plurality of rafters 6 are provided. For ease of understanding, as shown in FIG. and the second rafter 62 will be described as the first auxiliary rafter 71 , and the auxiliary rafter provided between the second rafter 62 and the third rafter 63 as the second auxiliary rafter 72 . It is preferable that the rafters 61 to 64 and the auxiliary rafters 71 and 72 are equally spaced in the column direction.

Both ends of the continuous window 8 are supported by two spaced rafters among the plurality of rafters. Specifically, the continuous window 8 is fixed at both ends by a first rafter 61 and a third rafter 63 . Furthermore, the space between the first skylight 81 and the second skylight 91 that constitute the continuous window 8 is fixed by a second rafter 62 .

The first to third rafters 61 to 63 that support the continuous window 8 have a structure with increased strength compared to the other rafters (fourth rafter 64 in FIG. 1B). Specifically, the first to third rafters 61 to 63 are aggregates of a plurality of rafters. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the first rafter 61 has a shape in which three rod-like rafters 61a, 61b, and 61c are superimposed in the row direction and closely attached. Similarly, the second rafter 62 has three rod-shaped rafters 62a, 62b, and 62c stacked in the girder direction and closely attached to each other. The third rafter 63 has three rod-shaped rafters 63a, 63b, and 63c. It is a shape that is superimposed in the direction and closely attached. It is preferable that the rod-shaped rafters 61a to 61c, 62a to 62c, and 63a to 63c have the same shape as the fourth rafter 64.

The three rod-shaped rafters 61a, 61b, and 61c forming the first rafter 61 may be adhered to each other at the side surfaces positioned in the row direction with an adhesive, or may be fixed with, for example, screws. The same applies to the rod-shaped rafters 62a, 62b, 62c forming the second rafter 62 and the rod-shaped rafters 63a, 63b, 63c forming the third rafter 63. Although the first to third rafters 61 to 63 are shown in a simplified manner in FIG. there is

As shown in FIGS. 1(A) and 1(B), between the first and second rafters 61 and 62 that support the first skylight 81, there is one first auxiliary rafter 71 divided by the first skylight 81. is provided. Similarly, one second auxiliary rafter 72 divided by the second skylight 91 is provided between the second and third rafters 62 and 63 that support the second skylight 91 . In the present embodiment, one auxiliary rafter 71, 72 is provided between the rafters 61, 62 or the rafters 62, 63 that support the skylights 81, 91, but the auxiliary rafters 71, 72 are not necessarily provided. It may not be provided, or two or more may be provided.

In particular, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 4, the first auxiliary rafter 71 is vertically divided into two with the first skylight 81 interposed therebetween. The lower end of the upper first auxiliary rafter 71 contacts the upper frame 83 of the first skylight 81, and the upper end of the lower first auxiliary rafter 71 contacts the lower frame 84 of the first skylight 81. there is Similarly, as shown in FIG. 1B, the second auxiliary rafter 72 is vertically divided into two with the second skylight 91 interposed therebetween. The lower end of the upper second auxiliary rafter 72 is in contact with the upper frame 93 of the second skylight 91, and the upper end of the lower second auxiliary rafter 72 is in contact with the lower frame 94 of the second skylight 91. there is

Next, fixing of the right side of the first skylight 81 in the girder direction will be described. As shown in FIG. 1B, the right frame 86 of the first skylight 81 located on the right side in the row direction is supported by the rod-shaped rafter 61c of the first rafter 61. As shown in FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the bar rafter 61c is fixed to the right brace 41, and the right frame 86 is fixed to the right brace 41 via the first drainer 31 with screws or the like. In addition, it is preferable that the bar rafter 61c is fixed not only to the right side crosspiece 41 but also to the right side fence support 43 via screws or the like.

Fixing of the left side of the second skylight 91 in the girder direction will be described. As shown in FIG. 1B, the left frame 95 of the second skylight 91 located on the left side in the girder direction is supported by the rod-shaped rafter 63a of the third rafter 63. As shown in FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the bar rafter 63a is fixed to the left brace 42, and the left frame 95 is fixed to the left brace 42 via the second drainer 32 with screws or the like. The bar rafter 63a is preferably fixed not only to the left crosspiece 42 but also to the left side edge support 44 via screws or the like.

Finally, fixing between the first skylight 81 and the second skylight 91 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1B, the left frame 85 of the first skylight 81 located on the right side in the girder direction is supported by the rod-shaped rafter 62a of the second rafter 62, and the second skylight 91 located on the left side in the girder direction is supported by the rod-shaped rafter 62a. The right frame 96 is supported by the rod-shaped rafters 62c of the second rafters 62. As shown in FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a U-shaped third drainer 33 is provided between the left frame 85 of the first skylight 81 and the right frame 96 of the second skylight 91. The left frame 85 of the first skylight 81 is fixed to the rod-shaped rafter 62a, and the right frame 96 of the second skylight 91 is fixed to the rod-shaped rafter 62c via the third drain 33.

The second rafter 62 positioned between the first skylight 81 and the second skylight 91 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The second rafter 62 includes a reinforcing plate 65 to increase the strength of the rafter. In the present embodiment, reinforcing plate 65 is a plate-like member made of steel plate, synthetic resin, or the like, and four reinforcing plates 65 are provided. The reinforcing plate 65 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the second rafter 62 and has the same dimension as the longitudinal dimension of the second rafter 62 . Specifically, a first reinforcing plate 65a is provided on the right side of the first rod-shaped rafter 62a in the girder direction, and a second reinforcing plate 65b is provided between the first rod-shaped rafter 62a and the second rod-shaped rafter 62b, A third reinforcing plate 65c is provided between the second rod-shaped rafter 62b and the third rod-shaped rafter 62c, and a fourth reinforcing plate 65d is provided on the left side of the third rod-shaped rafter 62c in the row direction. These reinforcing plates 65a to 65d are preferably fixed to the rod-shaped rafters 62a to 62c by passing screws or the like in the girder direction. Thus, the strength of the second rafter 62 in the longitudinal direction can be improved by providing the reinforcing plates 65 on both sides of the second rafter 62 and between the bar rafters 62a, 62b, and 62c.

Referring to the figure, the first rod-shaped rafter 62a is fixed to the first base crosspiece 45 via screws or the like. Similarly, the third rod-shaped rafter 62c is fixed to the second base rail 46 via screws or the like. Furthermore, it is preferable that the second rafter 62, the first base crosspiece 45, and the second base crosspiece 46 are surrounded on three sides by gypsum boards 47, 48, and 49. As shown in FIG.

(About indoor space)
Referring to FIG. 5, the indoor space in the case where the continuous window 8 is provided between the eaves girders 4 and the bottom purlin 51 will be described. FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram showing an example of an indoor space. In FIG. 5, the portions other than the portion where the light is coming in from the continuous windows 8 are indicated by light ink.

If a continuous window 8 is provided between the eaves girders 4 and the bottom main building 51, that is, at a position close to the outer wall of the house 1, the indoor space becomes visually brighter as shown in FIG. It becomes possible. In particular, if the continuous window 8 is provided at a position close to the outer wall of the house 1 and at an internal corner, it is possible to beautifully illuminate the two walls of the indoor space with the sunlight coming through the continuous window 8. - 特許庁When the house 1 has multiple floors, the stairs are often provided near the outer wall, so that the vicinity of the stairs can be made brighter and more dramatic.

Moreover, when arranging a skylight, it is preferable that the wall surface into which the sunlight from a skylight shines is a flat surface without unevenness. As a result, the sunlight hits the wall surface, making it possible to produce a beautiful indoor space with the sunlight. Furthermore, it is preferable not to place other windows near the surface of the continuous window 8 through which the sunlight shines. As a result, the gradation of shadows created by the light from the continuous window 8 is not disturbed by unnecessary light, so that a more beautiful indoor space can be produced.

(About action)
In conventional pitched roofs, the rafters that form the eaves at the lower end are placed on the eaves girders, so the rafters are required to have a certain level of strength. However, when the skylight is placed on the eaves girders, there is a problem that the strength is insufficient, so it was not possible to place the skylights on the eaves girders. In this embodiment, the skylights 81 and 91 can be arranged on the eaves girders 4 by increasing the strength of the rafters 61 , 62 and 63 that support the continuous window 8 compared to other rafters.

By making the second rafter 62 located between the two skylights 81 and 91 stronger than the first and third rafters 61 and 63 located on the side of the continuous window 8, the two skylights 81 and 91 can be connected in the column direction to form a continuous window 8. Furthermore, since the continuous window 8 can be arranged at any position above the eaves girders 4, the width of space design can be expanded.

<Regarding Embodiment 2>
A configuration example of a house 1A according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Only differences from the house 1 shown in Embodiment 1 will be described in detail below.

A continuous window 8A is provided between the second roof 52 and the third roof 53 in the sloped roof 2A of the house 1A. The continuous window 8A has three first skylights 81A, a second skylight 91A, and a third skylight 101A arranged continuously in the row direction. The three first skylights 81A, second skylights 91A, and third skylights 101A preferably have the same shape.

The first to third rafters 61 to 63 that support the continuous window 8 have a structure with increased strength compared to the other rafters (fifth rafter 66A in FIG. 6B). Specifically, the first rafter 61A located on the right side of the continuous window 8A in the column direction, and the fourth rafter 64A located on the left side of the continuous window 8A in the column direction are the second rafters located between the continuous windows 8A. It is a structure with increased strength compared to the rafter 62A and the third rafter 63A. The first rafter 61A of the present embodiment is the same as the first rafter 61 of the first embodiment described above, and the fourth rafter 64A of the present embodiment is the third rafter of the first embodiment described above. 63. The second rafter 62A and the third rafter 63A of the present embodiment are the same as the second rafter 62 of the first embodiment described above.

Two auxiliary rafters are provided between adjacent rafters. Specifically, two auxiliary rafters 71A and 72A are provided between the first rafter 61A and the second rafter 62A, and two auxiliary rafters are provided between the second rafter 62A and the third rafter 63A. 73A, 74A are provided, and two auxiliary rafters 75A, 76A are provided between the third rafter 63A and the fourth rafter 64A. These auxiliary rafters 71A to 76A are the same as the auxiliary rafters 71 and 72 of the first embodiment described above.

In the present embodiment, since the rafters 61A to 64A, which are stronger than the other rafters 66A that do not support the continuous window 8A, can support the continuous window 8A, the continuous window 8A is arranged at an arbitrary location on the pitched roof 2. be able to. As a result, the continuous windows 8A can be arranged according to the layout of the house 1A, so that the width of the layout of the house 1A can be widened.

In the first and second embodiments described above, continuous windows 8 and 8A are provided between the eaves girders 4 and the bottom purlin 51, but only one skylight may be provided. , may be provided at intervals (by positioning a plurality of rafters).

In the first and second embodiments described above, in order to increase the strength of the rafters 6 and 6A, a plurality of rafters are aggregated or a reinforcing plate is provided, but the configuration is not limited to this. For example, in order to increase the strength of the rafters 6, instead of wood, it may be made of a high-strength material, or the wood may be coated with a resin. Furthermore, although the second rafters 62, 62A and the third rafter 63A are made into an aggregate of a plurality of rafters and a reinforcing plate is provided, either one of them may be increased in strength.

Each of the above-described embodiments disclosed this time is an example in all respects, and does not serve as a basis for restrictive interpretation. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is defined based on the description of the claims rather than being interpreted only by each of the above-described embodiments. In addition, all changes within the meaning and range equivalent to the description of the claims are included.

1, 1A house, 2, 2A sloped roof, 3 ridgepole, 4 eaves girder, 5 purlin, 6 rafters, 8, 8A continuous window, 51 1st main building, 52 2nd purlin, 53 3rd purlin, 61, 61A 1st main building Rafters 62, 62A Second rafter 63, 63A Third rafter 64, 64A Fourth rafter 65 Reinforcing plate 65a First reinforcing plate 65b Second reinforcing plate 65c Third reinforcing plate 65d Fourth reinforcing plate , 66A fifth rafter, 71, 72, 71A, 72A, 73A, 74A, 75A, 76A auxiliary rafter, 81, 81A first skylight, 91, 91A second skylight, 101A third skylight.

Claims (6)

In a house with a pitched roof,
The sloped roof is
A ridgepole extending in the girder direction,
eaves girders positioned below the ridgepole and extending in a girder direction;
a plurality of purlins provided between the ridgepole and the eaves girder and extending in a girder direction,
A house, wherein a skylight is provided between the eaves girders and the bottom purlin. a plurality of rafters spanning over the ridgepole, the eaves girders, and the purlin and forming eaves below the eaves girders;
2. The house according to claim 1, wherein a rafter supporting said skylight among said rafters has a structure with increased strength compared to other rafters. 3. The residence of claim 2, wherein the rafters supporting the skylight are a collection of rafters. 4. The house according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the rafters supporting said skylights include reinforcing plates for increasing the strength of said rafters. 5. The house according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein said skylight is a series of windows arranged in a column direction. The house according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein at least one or more auxiliary rafters divided by the skylight are provided between the rafters that support the skylight.

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