JP2023012137A - Canvas and manufacturing method thereof, and cloth product - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a strong canvas having air permeability in addition to fire retardancy and waterproofness, and a manufacturing method thereof.SOLUTION: A canvas 1 is a fabric formed of a yarn 2 in which adjacent acrylic fibers having a sum of warp and weft cover factors of 2000 to 3500 are partly thermocompression bonded, and a coat 3 of fluorine-based compound is formed on a surface of the fabric. Padding and curing using a liquid containing fluorine-based compound are applied to a fabric 11 formed of an acrylic fiber yarn 12, and subsequently the fabric is heated at 160 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius while being pressed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a canvas, a manufacturing method thereof, and a fabric product such as a bag or shoes made from the canvas.

Canvas was originally made as a thick and durable cloth for the sails of sailing ships, but today it is also widely used as a material for cloth products such as bags and shoes. These familiar daily necessities make use of the original characteristics of canvas, which are strong, breathable, and impermeable to water. Moreover, when it is used for the sail of a sailing ship or a bag for disaster prevention, it is required to be flame-retardant because it is a problem that it easily burns. As a method for manufacturing a canvas having flame retardancy and water repellency, a mixed resin of a hot-melt polyurethane resin and a phosphinic acid derivative is applied to one side of a canvas base fabric made of a flame-retardant polyester fiber copolymerized with a phosphorus compound in a dry process. A method of coating and applying an organic fluorinated polymer-based water repellent to the opposite side to form a film is performed (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-2001-131876

In the method for producing a canvas of Patent Document 1, one side of a canvas base fabric made of flame-retardant polyester fiber is dry-coated with a mixed resin of a hot-melt polyurethane resin and a phosphinic acid derivative, and the other side is coated with an organic fluorinated polymer-based A film is formed by applying a water-repellent agent. This method yields a flame-retardant and waterproof canvas, but the resin coating makes it impervious to breathability. In other words, the resin-coated canvas as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has no problem when used as a sail for a sailing ship, but is not suitable as a material for cloth products such as shoes and bags that require air permeability. Therefore, for applications such as shoes and bags, there is a demand for durable canvas that is flame retardant, waterproof, and breathable.

In order to solve the above problems, the canvas of the present invention is a fabric made of acrylic fiber yarn, a fluorine compound is formed on the surface of the fabric, and some of the adjacent acrylic fibers are mutually It is heat pressed.

The canvas of the present invention has a cover factor of 2000 to 3500 for a woven fabric made of acrylic fiber yarns.

The canvas of the present invention has an oxygen index of 30 or more as defined in JIS L 1091 and is flame retardant.

The canvas of the present invention has a water resistance of 100 mm or more according to the low water pressure method defined in JIS L 1092 and a water repellency of grade 5 or more, and is waterproof.

The canvas of the present invention has an air permeability of 9 cubic centimeters or more per square centimeter per second, passing through a test piece defined in JIS L 1096.

A cloth product is produced using the canvas of the present invention as a material.

In the method for producing a canvas of the present invention, a fabric of acrylic fibers having a cover factor of 2000 to 3500 is pad-cured with a liquid containing a fluorine-based compound, and then heated at 160 to 200 degrees Celsius while applying pressure. .

The method of heating the acrylic fiber fabric at 160°C to 200°C while applying pressure is a method of pressing a heated metal plate or roller against the fabric through the heat-resistant fiber fabric.

The canvas of the present invention is a woven fabric with a cover factor of 2000 to 3500, and has a structure in which adjacent fibers are partially thermocompressed to each other, so that it has a toughness suitable for a bag material and a property that does not easily lose its shape. As the fiber material, acrylic fiber is used to provide flame retardancy, and since no resin coating is applied, the fabric can maintain its breathability. Furthermore, waterproofness can be provided by forming a film of a fluorine-based compound on the surface of the fabric. As described above, a strong canvas having both flame retardancy and waterproofness as well as breathability can be obtained, and cloth products such as bags and shoes can be produced using this canvas as a material.

1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the sailcloth of claim 1; FIG. Fig. 2 is a photomicrograph of the surface of the canvas of claim 1; 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a woven fabric of acrylic fibers; FIG.

An embodiment of the canvas 1 of the present invention will be described below. A canvas 1 of one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. consists of

As the fabric of the canvas 1, a simple and strong plain weave fabric is used. Thickness and weight are represented by numbers, and the thickness and weight are standardized from the largest No. 1 to the smallest No. 11. In general, canvas from No. 6 to No. 11 is preferably used as a material for bags or shoes. . The fineness of the single yarns that make up the warp and weft yarns is a cotton count of No. 10, and for No. 1 and No. 2 canvases, a maximum of 8 of these single yarns are twisted, but for No. 6 to No. 11, a maximum of 4. can be twisted together.

A cover factor (CF) is used as an index of the density of plain weave fabrics. The range of CF based on the canvas standard is 2425 to 3569, but since acrylic fiber yarn is bulkier than cotton yarn and looks thicker at the same count, troubles are likely to occur during weaving if the yarn is woven at the same density. Therefore, for the canvas 1 of the present invention having a thickness and weight suitable for materials such as bags and shoes, it is desirable to set the CF to 2000 to 3500, which is lower than the standard for canvas. It is more preferable to set it to 2100 to 2400 in terms of ease of stable weaving.
The cover factor (CF) of the woven fabric can be obtained from the following formula.
CF=X√D1+Y√D2
X: Number of warp yarns per inch of fabric Y: Number of weft yarns per inch of fabric D1: Fineness of fabric constituting warp (dtex)
D2: fineness of fabric constituting weft (dtex)

The acrylic fiber constituting the acrylic fiber thread 12 is a fiber containing acrylonitrile in an amount of 35% to 85% and containing vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride as another component through copolymerization. By including vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, the acrylic fiber exhibits flame retardancy. Examples of acrylic fibers used in the present invention include commercially available products such as "Protex" manufactured by Kaneka Corporation, but are not limited to these. "PROTEX" has a product group with an oxygen index of 26 to 32 as flame retardant performance, and "PROTEX-C", which is a high flame retardant type with an oxygen index of 32, is particularly preferably used.

A film 3 of a fluorine-based compound is formed on the fiber surface in order to improve waterproofness by forming a water-repellent layer. Examples of the water repellent contained in the water repellent layer include silicone water repellents and fluorine water repellents. Among these, fluorine-based water repellents are preferable from the viewpoint of superior water repellency, and fluorine-based water repellents having a fluoroalkyl acrylate group having 6 or less carbon atoms are more preferable from the viewpoint of environmental consideration. Examples of commercially available fluorine-based water repellent agents include Asahi Guard E series (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), NK Guard S series (manufactured by Nicca Chemical Co., Ltd.), Unidyne Multi series (manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.), and the like. mentioned. Furthermore, in order to improve the durability of the water-repellent layer, it is preferable to contain a cross-linking agent. As the cross-linking agent, a triazine compound cross-linking agent or a blocked isocyanate cross-linking agent can be used.

The portion 4 having a shape crushed by thermocompression can be formed by heating the canvas 1 while applying pressure. Acrylic fibers made of acrylonitrile start softening at around 190°C, while acrylic fibers containing vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride have a lower softening point due to copolymerization, and softening starts around 150°C. With acrylic fibers, the crushed portion 4 can be formed by thermocompression bonding at a relatively low temperature, but processing in a relatively high temperature range is required to form the portion 4 in a short period of time from several seconds to one minute. Therefore, the heating conditions are preferably 160°C to 200°C for forming the portion 4 having a shape crushed by thermocompression, and more preferably 180°C to 190°C. The pressure conditions are not particularly limited, but the treatment can be performed at a pressure of 1 kilopascal to 100 kilopascals, and more preferably a pressure of 20 kilopascals to 50 kilopascals.

The method of heating the acrylic fiber fabric 11 at 160° C. to 200° C. while applying pressure is not particularly limited. A method of pressing against the fabric 11 is preferably implemented. Here, heat-resistant fibers are fibers that can withstand continuous use at temperatures exceeding 200 degrees Celsius, and specific examples include aromatic polyamide fibers (aramid fibers) and polybenzimidazole fibers. Fabrics made from these heat-resistant fibers desirably contain a large amount of air and have excellent breathability.

When heated through a heat-resistant fiber fabric that contains a lot of air and has excellent breathability, the heat transfer from the metal flat plate or roller to the acrylic fiber fabric 11 is conducted through the heat-resistant fiber, It is also caused by convection through the air. On the other hand, when a heated metal flat plate or roller is pressed without the heat-resistant fiber woven fabric, heat transfer to the acrylic fiber woven fabric 11 occurs almost exclusively by conduction. Since the heat transfer in the former is slower than that in the latter, a relatively long processing time is required to obtain toughness and resistance to deformation by thermocompression bonding. However, due to air convection, heat transfer occurs not only on the surface of the woven fabric 11 but also on the inside, so that some of the adjacent acrylic fibers that make up the yarn inside are also thermo-compressed to each other, resulting in strength and shape. It has the property of not crumbling easily. On the other hand, in the latter, which uses conduction, heat transfer is rapid, but thermocompression bonding proceeds only from the surface, so the surface is fused before it becomes durable and does not easily lose its shape, and physical properties are greatly damaged.

Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Preparation of woven fabric 11)
An acrylic fiber yarn 12 was prepared by twisting three strands of “Protex-C” manufactured by Kaneka Corporation with a cotton count of 10. Using the acrylic fiber yarns 12 as warps and wefts, a plain weave fabric 11 shown in FIG. 3 was woven using a dobby loom at a density of 31 warps and 22 wefts per inch of fabric. The CF of this woven fabric 11 was 2,231.

(Formation of film 3 of fluorine-based compound)
The fabric 11 was dispersed in water [Composition: Meisei Chemical Co., Ltd. Fluorine-based water repellent "LSE-009" 50 g / liter, DIC Corporation triazine cross-linking agent "Beckamin M-3" 5 g / liter 3 g/liter of organic amine-based catalyst "Catalyst ACX" manufactured by DIC Corporation], squeezed with a mangle so that the squeeze ratio is 50%, heat-treated at 170 degrees Celsius for 1 minute, and fluorine-based compounds was formed on the fiber surface.

(Thermocompression bonding process)
The fabric 11 on which the film 3 of the fluorine-based compound was formed was processed using a flat sublimation transfer press HSP-1310 manufactured by Hashima Co., Ltd. at a temperature of 190 degrees Celsius, a pressure of 35 kilopascals, and a time of 1 minute. Under the treatment conditions of , a heated metal flat plate was pressed through the fabric of DuPont's meta-aramid fiber "Nomex", and some of the adjacent acrylic fibers were thermocompressed to each other to form the canvas 1 of the present invention.

(Tensile property evaluation)
For the canvas 1, fabric 11 and canvas No. 8 made of cotton material, the tensile properties were evaluated by a conventional method using a tensile shear tester KES-FB1-A manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd. Table 1 shows the results. Summarize in Regarding LT, which represents the linearity of tensile properties, canvas 1 showed a value close to 1, which is almost the same as canvas No. 8, and the tensile rigidity was greatly increased compared to fabric 11. The higher the pulling work WT, the easier it is to stretch. Canvas 1 is less stretchable than fabric 11, and has properties similar to canvas No. 8. The closer the tensile resilience RT was to 100%, the better the resilience, and canvas 1 had the best resilience.

(Shear property evaluation)
For the canvas 1, fabric 11, and canvas No. 8 made of cotton material, the shear properties were evaluated by a conventional method using a tensile shear tester KES-FB1-A manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd. Table 2 shows the results. Summarize in The larger the shear rigidity G, the harder it is against the shearing force, and the canvas 1 was much stiffer than the fabric 11 . The larger the hysteresis 2HG at a shear angle of 0.5 degrees, the poorer the initial recoverability, and canvas 1 was the most excellent in recoverability.

Summing up the evaluation results of tensile properties and shear properties, it can be said that the produced canvas 1 was endowed with toughness suitable for materials for bags and shoes and a property of not losing its shape by thermocompression bonding. Further, from the microscopic photograph (FIG. 2) of the surface of the canvas 1, it can be seen that the acrylic fiber threads 12 are crushed and the adjacent fibers are thermally pressed together to flatten the surface.

(Evaluation of various performances)
Regarding the manufactured canvas 1, fabric 11 and cotton canvas No. 8, the oxygen index specified in JIS L 1091, the water resistance and water repellency by the low water pressure method specified in JIS L 1092, and JIS L 1096 We evaluated the amount of air passing through the test piece specified in. The results are summarized in Table 1. From the results of the oxygen index, it was confirmed that the flame retardancy of the canvas 1 did not deteriorate even when the film 3 of the fluorine-based compound was formed, and was slightly improved. As for the water resistance, cotton canvas No. 8 showed no water resistance at all, while canvas 1 and fabric 11 showed water resistance of 100 mm or more. The water repellency of the canvas 1 was greatly improved by the formation of the film 3 of the fluorine-based compound and the thermocompression bonding treatment, and it was confirmed that the canvas 1 was imparted with waterproofness. Regarding the air permeability of the canvas 1, it was confirmed that the fabric 11 and the canvas No. 8 had three times or more good air permeability. From the above results, the canvas 1 was a canvas having a good balance of flame retardancy, waterproofness and air permeability compared to the cotton material canvas No. 8 and the fabric 11 before forming the film 3 of the fluorine-based compound.

1 Canvas 2 Thread in which a part of adjacent acrylic fiber is thermocompression bonded 3 Coating of fluorine-based compound 4 Shaped portion crushed by thermocompression bonding 11 Woven fabric 12 Acrylic fiber thread

Claims (8)

A woven fabric made of yarns of acrylic fibers, wherein the surface of the woven fabric is coated with a fluorine-based compound, and adjacent acrylic fibers of the woven fabric are partially bonded to each other by thermocompression. Canvas to be. 2. The canvas of claim 1, wherein the fabric has a cover factor of 2000-3500. 2. The canvas according to claim 1, which has an oxygen index of 30 or more as defined in JIS L 1091 and is flame retardant. 2. The water resistance according to JIS L 1092 by the low water pressure method is 100 mm or more, and the water repellency is grade 5 or more, and is waterproof. canvas. 2. The canvas according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of air passing through a test piece defined in JIS L 1096 is 9 cubic centimeters or more per square centimeter per second, and the canvas is breathable. A cloth product made from the canvas according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A canvas characterized by pad-curing a fabric made of acrylic fiber threads having a cover factor of 2000 to 3500 with a liquid containing a fluorine compound, and then heating at 160 to 200 degrees Celsius while applying pressure. manufacturing method. 8. The method of manufacturing the canvas according to claim 7, wherein the method of heating the woven fabric is a method of pressing a heated metal plate or roller through the woven fabric made of heat-resistant fibers.

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