JP2022531929A - バイオフィルム関連肺状態を処置するための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
バイオフィルム関連肺状態を処置するための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2019年5月10日に出願された、米国仮特許出願第62/846,084号に対する優先権を主張し、これは参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み入れられる。
感染症の処置における主なツールである抗生物質は、典型的に、単細胞として機能する、浮遊性(プランクトン性)状態で研究された微生物殺傷効率に基づく。抗生物質効能の定量化は、例えば、伝統的な最小発育阻止濃度(MIC)アッセイにおいて行われる。しかし、多くのヒト(および他の動物)感染症を含む、ある微生物増殖は、現在、バイオフィルム状態で共に働く微生物からしばしば構成される微生物コロニー全体によって、引き起こされるかまたは悪化することが理解されている。バイオフィルムは、コロニーを取り囲み、例えば抗生物質および免疫系による、環境的損傷からコロニーを守る、接着性細胞外成分を含む。
本発明は、バイオフィルム形成を処置、破壊および/または予防するための組成物および方法を提供する。これは、対象の呼吸器系内のバイオフィルム形成を処置、破壊および/または予防すること、ならびに対象中におけるバイオフィルム関連感染症に関連する症状、併存症、および疾患を処置するおよび/またはそれらの発症を予防することを含む。具体的には、本発明は、肺内のバイオフィルム関連感染症を処置および/または予防するための組成物および方法を提供する。有利なことに、本発明は、病原性細菌の抗生物質耐性株と戦うための現在のアプローチを強化する。
本明細書において使用される場合、用語「対象」は、バイオフィルム形成病原体に感染した、またはそれに感染する危険性がある、哺乳動物のような動物を指す。動物は、例えば、ブタ、ウマ、ヤギ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、イヌ、霊長動物、例えばサル、チンパンジーおよびオランウータン、モルモット、ハムスター、ウシ、ヒツジ、トリ、例えばニワトリ、爬虫類、魚、ならびに任意の他の脊椎動物または無脊椎動物であり得る。本発明の文脈における好ましい対象は、任意の性別のヒトである。対象は、乳児、幼児、思春期、ティーンエイジャー、成人、中高年および高齢者を含む、任意の年齢または発達段階の対象であり得る。
ある態様において、本発明は、例えば微生物によって産生される、1つまたは複数の生物学的両親媒性分子(BAM)と、好ましくは1つまたは複数の殺生物性物質とを含む、組成物を利用する。有利なことに、いくつかの態様において、抗バイオフィルム組成物は、肺炎連鎖球菌(S. pneumoniae)、緑膿菌、およびA.フミガーツスによって形成されるものを含む、薬剤耐性を有するかまたは薬剤耐性に関連するバイオフィルムを排除するために有用である。さらに、微生物は主題発明の処置に対して容易に耐性を獲得しない。
主題発明の組成物は、直接適用によって、罹患組織、例えば、肺へ送達され、効能を著しく高めることができる。ある態様において、消毒組成物は、例えば、経口的に、注射によって(例えば、静脈内(IV)、筋肉内(IM)、腹腔内、髄腔内または皮下)、経皮、直腸、泌尿生殖器(例えば、膣)、眼、耳、鼻、吸入、および皮膚経路を含む、任意の投与経路によって対象へ投与するために製剤化され得る。
本発明は、対象の呼吸器内のバイオフィルム関連感染症を予防および/または処置するための方法を提供する。具体的には、本発明は、対象の肺内のバイオフィルム関連感染症を処置および/または予防するための方法を提供する。いくつかの態様において、感染症は、大腸菌(E. coli)、スタフィロコッカス属、ステノトロホモナス属(Stenotrophomonas)、ヘモフィルス属、クレブシエラ種(Klebsiella spp)、シュードモナス属、バークホルデリア属、アスペルギルス属、スケドスポリウム属、クラミジア属(Chlamydia)、カンジダ属、エクソフィアラ属、ペニシリウム属またはアクロフィアロフォラ属によって引き起こされ得る。
主題発明の組成物および方法は、好気的におよび/または嫌気的に増殖するバイオフィルムに適している。バイオフィルムの制御は、生物学的または非生物学的表面へのバイオフィルムまたは病原性微生物の沈着、接着、および/または固定を防止、阻害、および/または妨害すること;エキソポリサッカライド(EPS)マトリックスのような細胞外因子の分泌および/または放出を防止、阻害、および/または妨害すること;ならびに/または、クオラムセンシング機構を防止、阻害、および/または妨害することを含む、様々な機構によって達成することができる。これらの病原体としては、好気性および嫌気性のグラム陽性およびグラム陰性細菌が挙げられる。
有利なことに、本発明は、バイオフィルム感染症によって引き起こされる疾患、障害、および状態の同時改善、バイオフィルム感染症の発症の減少、ならびに抗生物質耐性細菌株の出現の減少をもたらすことができる。
Claims (14)
- 必要がある対象の肺内のバイオフィルム関連感染症を破壊および処置するための方法であって、1つまたは複数の生物学的両親媒性分子(BAM)と、任意で1つまたは複数の殺生物性物質とを含む組成物を、対象へ投与する工程を含む、方法。
- 1つまたは複数の殺生物性物質が、ペニシリン類、テトラサイクリン類、セファロスポリン類、キノロン類、リンコマイシン類、マクロライド類、スルホンアミド類、グリコペプチド類、アミノグリコシド類、およびカルバペネム類より選択される抗生物質である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数の殺生物性物質が、セファレキシン、セファドロキシル、クリンダマイシン、クラリスロマイシン、アジスロマイシン、セフジニル、セフポドキシム、アモキシシリン、アンピシリン、およびペニシリンより選択される抗生物質である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数の殺生物性物質が、抗菌効果を有する精油、ボタニカルおよび/または植物抽出物である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数のBAMが微生物生物界面活性剤および/またはサポニンである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 微生物生物界面活性剤が、
ラムノ脂質(RLP)、ソホロ脂質(SLP)、セロビオース脂質、トレハロース脂質(TL)、およびマンノシルエリスリトール脂質(MEL)より選択される、糖脂質、
サーファクチン、イツリン、アスロファクチン(athrofactin)、フェンギシン、およびリケニシンより選択される、リポペプチド、
カルジオリピン、ならびに/または
脂肪酸エステル化合物
である、請求項5記載の方法。 - 前記対象がヒトである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、嚢胞性線維症(CF);喘息;慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD);肺高血圧症;肺がん;肺線維症;気管支拡張症;急性呼吸促迫症候群;気腫;塵肺症;結核;非結核性抗酸菌(NTM)肺感染症;SARS;MERS;Covid-19;または肺炎と診断されている、請求項1記載の方法。
- バイオフィルムが微生物の抗生物質耐性株によって引き起こされる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 微生物が、肺炎連鎖球菌(S. pneumoniae)、緑膿菌(P. aeruginosa)、またはA.フミガーツス(A. fumigatus)である、請求項10記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数の生物学的両親媒性分子(BAM)および1つまたは複数の殺生物性物質を含む、薬学的組成物。
- 1つまたは複数の殺生物性物質が、ペニシリン類、テトラサイクリン類、セファロスポリン類、キノロン類、リンコマイシン類、マクロライド類、スルホンアミド類、グリコペプチド類、アミノグリコシド類、およびカルバペネム類より選択される抗生物質である、請求項11記載の薬学的組成物。
- 1つまたは複数のBAMが生物界面活性剤および/またはサポニンである、請求項11記載の薬学的組成物。
- 生物界面活性剤が、
ラムノ脂質(RLP)、ソホロ脂質(SLP)、セロビオース脂質、トレハロース脂質(TL)、およびマンノシルエリスリトール脂質(MEL)より選択される、糖脂質、
サーファクチン、イツリン、アルスロファクチン、フェンギシン、およびリケニシンより選択される、リポペプチド、
カルジオリピン、ならびに/または
脂肪酸エステル化合物
である、請求項11記載の薬学的組成物。
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