JP2022504217A - 改変されたMHCクラスII DRα1ドメインを含む組換えポリペプチドおよび使用方法 - Google Patents
改変されたMHCクラスII DRα1ドメインを含む組換えポリペプチドおよび使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2019年10月5日出願の米国仮出願第62/741,941号の利益を主張する。この仮出願は、その全体が参照により本明細書中に援用される。
本開示は、組換え治療タンパク質、特に、改変された部分的なMHC分子、および炎症性疾患の処置におけるそれらの使用に関する。
本発明は、National Institutes of Healthが授与した助成金番号R42AI122574ならびにDepartment of Veterans Affairsが授与した助成金番号5 I01 BX000226-10および1IK6BX004209の下で、政府支援を受けて行われた。米国政府は、本発明における一定の権利を有する。
多発性硬化症(MS)は、最も蔓延している、中枢神経系の白質と灰白質の両方の慢性炎症性疾患であり、世界の200万人超および米国の少なくとも40万人が罹患している(GBD 2015 Neurological Disorders Collaborator Group,Lancet Neurol.16:877-897,2017)。MSにおける炎症過程は、自己免疫主導の脱髄によって媒介され、この脱髄は神経変性損傷を伴うことが多い。現在、MSの治療法はない。したがって、MS患者は、疾患徴候のいくつかを回復させるために疾患修飾治療に頼らなければならない(Wingerchukら、Mayo Clin.Proc.89:225-240,2014)。再発寛解型のMSについては、約15種の疾患修飾薬剤が利用可能である(Reichら、N.Engl.J.Med.378:169-180,2018)。しかしながら、引き続き、MSに対する改善された治療が必要とされている。
改変された主要組織適合(MHC)クラスII DRα1ポリペプチドが、本明細書中に開示される。これらの改変されたDRα1ポリペプチドは、CD74に対する変更された親和性、およびCD74への結合についてマクロファージ遊走阻止因子(MIF)と競合する能力を、分子構造に対して明らかな影響なく示す。
本明細書中または添付の配列表に列挙されるいずれの核酸配列およびアミノ酸配列も、37C.F.R.§1.822に定義されているように、ヌクレオチド塩基およびアミノ酸に対する標準的な一文字省略形を用いて示される。少なくともいくつかの場合では、各核酸配列の一方の鎖しか示されないが、相補鎖は、示された鎖の任意の参照によって含められると理解される。
MSの動物モデルである実験的自己免疫性脳脊髄炎(EAE)とMS被験体の両方において、複数の一連のエビデンスが、その自己免疫疾患のプロセスにおける自己反応性のミエリン特異的CD4+T細胞の役割を裏付けている(Steinman,Cell 85:299-302,1996;Zamvilら、Annu.Rev.Immunol.8:579-621,1990;Chitnis,Int.Rev.Neurobiol.79:43-72,2007)。MSの初期の炎症段階を慢性的な進行性段階に押し進めると考えられている重要なサイトカインは、最初に報告されたサイトカインであるマクロファージ遊走阻止因子(MIF)およびその祖先型機能ホモログであるD-ドーパクロムトートメラーゼ(D-DT)である(Chitnis,Int.Rev.Neurobiol.79:43-72,2007)。MIFおよびD-DTのレベルは、MSでは上昇し、MSの臨床上の悪化のマーカーとして、およびEAEでは疾患進行の必要条件として、意味づけられている(Benedekら、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 114:E8421-E8429,2017;Niinoら、J.Neurol.Sci.179(S1-2):127-131,2000;Powellら、J.Immunol.175:5611-5614,2005;Meza-Romeroら、J.Immunol.192:4164-4173,2014)。
別段述べられない限り、専門用語は、従来の使用法に従って使用される。分子生物学における一般的な用語の定義は、Benjamin Lewin,Genes V,Oxford University Pressから出版,1994(ISBN 0-19-854287-9);Kendrewら(編),The Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology,Blackwell Science Ltd.から出版,1994(ISBN 0-632-02182-9);およびRobert A.Meyers(編),Molecular Biology and Biotechnology:a Comprehensive Desk Reference,VCH Publishers,Inc.から出版,1995(ISBN 1-56081-569-8)に見られ得る。
MHCクラスII DRα1ドメインまたはそのフラグメントを含むがMHCクラスIIα2、β1またはβ2ドメインを含まず、かつ配列番号1のアミノ酸14に対応するアミノ酸位置に存在するロイシン(L)からグルタミン(Q)への置換を含む、単離された組換えポリペプチドが本明細書中に開示される。哺乳動物のMHCクラスII DRα鎖タンパク質のアミノ酸配列、ならびにこれらのタンパク質をコードする核酸は、当該分野で周知であり、GenBankをはじめとした数多くの提供元から入手可能である。例示的な配列は、参照により本明細書中に援用されるDasら(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 80:3543-3547,1983)に提供されている(ヒトHLA DRα)。例示的なヒトDRαポリペプチドは、GenBankアクセッション番号NP_061984(2018年10月5日にGenBankに存在したものとして参照により本明細書中に援用される)である。さらなるMHCクラスII DRαポリペプチドは、例えば、IMGT/HLAデータベース(ebi.ac.uk/imgt/hla/のワールドワイドウェブにおいて利用可能)などの公的データベースから、当業者によって特定され得る。
いくつかの実施形態において、本明細書中に開示される組換えポリペプチドは、DRα1ドメインに直接またはペプチドリンカーもしくは化学リンカーを介して共有結合により連結された抗原ペプチドを含む。APCの表面上でのMHC複合体における抗原の提示は、一般に、抗原ペプチド全体が関わらない(例えば、米国特許第5,468,481号を参照のこと)。むしろ、MHC IIの場合はβ1ドメインとα1ドメインとの間の溝またはMHC Iの場合はα1ドメインとα2ドメインとの間の溝に位置するペプチドが、通常、ポリペプチド抗原全体の小さい直鎖状フラグメントとなる。Janeway & Travers(Immunobiology:The Immune System in Health and Disease,1997)に論じられているように、MHCクラスI分子のペプチド溝に位置するペプチドは、結合ポケットのサイズによって限定され、通常、8~15アミノ酸長(例えば、8、9、10、11、12、13、14または15アミノ酸)、より通常は8~10アミノ酸長である(が、考えられる例外についてはCollinsら、Nature 371:626-629,1994を参照のこと)。対照的に、MHCクラスII分子のペプチド溝に位置するペプチドは、このように限定されず、それより大きいことが多く、通常、少なくとも3~50アミノ酸長(例えば、8~30、10~25または15~23アミノ酸長)である。いくつかの例において、MHCクラスII分子のペプチド溝に位置するペプチドは、約15~23アミノ酸長である。ペプチドフラグメントは、合成ペプチド合成機を使用することなどの標準的なアプローチによって調製され得るか、または組換えポリペプチドの一部として発現され得る。
炎症性障害および/または自己免疫障害を含むがこれらに限定されない被験体における障害を処置または阻害する方法が本明細書中に開示される。開示される方法は、配列番号1のアミノ酸位置14に対応する位置にグルタミン残基を有するMHCクラスII DRα1ドメインポリペプチドを含む組換えポリペプチド(配列番号1によって例証される)、または抗原ペプチドに共有結合により連結された、配列番号1のアミノ酸位置14に対応する位置にグルタミン残基を有するMHCクラスII DRα1ドメインポリペプチドを含む組換えポリペプチド(配列番号2および3によって例証される)、またはその組換えポリペプチドをコードする核酸を被験体に投与する工程を含む。1つの非限定的な例において、その被験体は、多発性硬化症を有し、MOG-35-55ペプチドに連結された、配列番号1のアミノ酸位置14に対応する位置にグルタミン残基を有するMHCクラスII DRα1ドメインポリペプチド(例えば、配列番号2または配列番号3)を投与される。
材料および方法
Fab、抗体および他の試薬。G4は、ヒトIgGライブラリーに由来するDRα1ドメインに反応性のヒトFabであり、Dr.Yoram Reiter,Technion Israelからの厚意により供与された。抗ヒトMOG抗体は、Santa Cruz Biotechnologyから購入した。CHAPS、T20およびウシ血清アルブミンは、Sigma-Aldrichから購入した。抗CD74抗体は、Everest Biotechから購入した。UltraPure(商標)TRISは、Invitrogenから購入した。ベクターpET21d(+)は、Novagenから購入した。BL21(DE3)は、New England Biolabsから購入した。IPTGは、Inalcoから購入した。
改変されたDRα1ポリペプチドの作製および解析
DRα1-hMOG-35-55、DRα1-mMOG-35-55、DRhQおよびDRmQタンパク質の生成量は似ていたことから、L50Q置換は、転写および発現率に影響しないことが示唆された。タンパク質の収率は、一貫して約90~100mg/リットルLBブロスだった。Fab G4を用いて、精製タンパク質を検出した。以前の研究では、Fab G4が、種々の状況におけるDRα1ドメイン(独立型のドメインとして、より大きな構築物の一部として(本明細書中に記載されるものと同様)または2ドメイン組換えタンパク質の一部として(RTL1000と同様)を含む)を検出したことが示された。
Claims (19)
- 配列番号1のアミノ酸位置14に対応する位置にグルタミン残基を含むDRα1ドメインを含む、組換えポリペプチド。
- 前記DRα1ドメインが、ヒトDRα1ドメインである、請求項2に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 配列番号1に対して少なくとも90%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1または請求項2に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項3に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 配列番号1のアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項4に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 抗原ペプチドをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- リンカーをさらに含む、請求項6に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 前記リンカーが、ペプチドリンカーまたは化学架橋剤を含む、請求項7に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 前記リンカーが、第1のグリシン-セリンスペーサー、トロンビン切断部位および第2のグリシン-セリンスペーサーを含む、請求項7に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 前記抗原ペプチドが、MOG-35-55である、請求項6~9のいずれか1項に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 前記MOG-35-55が、ヒトMOG-35-55またはマウスMOG-35-55である、請求項10に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 前記組換えポリペプチドが、配列番号2もしくは配列番号3を含むか、または配列番号2もしくは配列番号3からなる、請求項10に記載の組換えポリペプチド。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の組換えポリペプチドをコードする、核酸分子。
- 請求項13に記載の核酸を含む、発現構築物。
- 請求項14に記載の発現構築物を含む、細胞株。
- 有効量の請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の組換えポリペプチドまたは請求項13に記載の核酸分子;および
薬学的に許容され得るキャリア
を含む、医薬組成物。 - 前記組成物が、少なくとも5mg/kgの前記組換えポリペプチドを含む、請求項16に記載の医薬組成物。
- 炎症性障害を処置する方法であって、有効量の請求項16または請求項17に記載の医薬組成物を、前記炎症性障害を有する被験体に投与する工程を含む、方法。
- 前記炎症性障害が、多発性硬化症または実験的自己免疫性脳症(EAE)である、請求項18に記載の方法。
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