JP2022501044A - ヒトアンジェルマン症候群において父方ube3a遺伝子発現を復活させるための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
ヒトアンジェルマン症候群において父方ube3a遺伝子発現を復活させるための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2018年9月21日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/734435号に対する優先権を主張し、その全内容は引用により完全に本書の一部とする。
UBE3Aは、E3ユビキチンリガーゼをコードする遺伝子である。UBE3Aのゲノム座標は、マイナス鎖においてhg19 chr15:25,582,381-25,684,175である。UBE3Aには3つの正常なアイソフォームがある:アイソフォーム1(受託番号X98032);アイソフォーム2(受託番号X98031);アイソフォーム3(受託番号X98033)。ニューロンにおいて、UBE3A遺伝子は、専ら母方アレルから発現される。父方UBE3Aアレルは、配列番号1でコードされるUBE3Aアンチセンス転写物(UBE3A−ATS)と呼ばれる長鎖ノンコーディングRNAによってエピジェネティックなサイレンシングを受ける。UBE3A−ATSのゲノム座標は、プラス鎖においてhg19 chr15:25,223,730-25,664,609である。以下のゲノム座標が特に関心が持たれる:プラス鎖におけるhg19 chr15:25,522,751-25,591,391。
本発明の一側面にしたがって、ポリヌクレオチドは、UBE3A−ATS配列である配列番号1の発現低下をもたらすショートヘアピンRNA(shRNA)、リボザイム、またはマイクロRNAをコードする第1のヌクレオチド配列を含む。例えば、shRNA、リボザイム、またはマイクロRNAの一部が、配列番号1によりコードされるRNA配列またはそれに含まれる配列に相補的でありうる。
「ベクター」は、その中に別のDNAセグメントが、該セグメントの複製がもたらされるように挿入されうる、プラスミド、ファージまたはコスミドといったレプリコンである。一般に、ベクターは、適切な調節要素を伴うとき、複製が可能である。適当なベクターバックボーンは、例えば、プラスミド、ウイルスゲノムを含むプラスミド、ウイルス、または人工染色体といった、当分野でルーチンに使用されるものを包含する。用語「ベクター」は、クローニングおよび発現ベクター、ならびにウイルスベクターおよび組み込みベクターを包含する。
UBE3A−ATS RNAを標的とするshRNA、リボザイム、およびマイクロRNAのコーディングヌクレオチド配列を送達するために、ウイルス粒子が用いられる。ウイルス粒子は典型的には、核酸に加えて、さまざまなウイルス成分および、ときには、宿主細胞成分を含みうる。核酸配列は、shRNA、リボザイム、および/またはマイクロRNA核酸配列を必要とする患者またはヒトの標的細胞に送達することのできるウイルス粒子にパッケージングされうる。
shRNA、リボザイム、および/またはマイクロRNAの所望のコーディング配列を含むウイルス粒子は、任意の適当な投与手段により必要とする患者またはヒトに投与するために製剤化することができる。そのような製剤化は、薬学的および/または生理学的に許容しうる賦形剤または担体、特に脳への投与、例えば頭蓋下または脊髄注入による脳への投与に適当なものの使用を伴う。さらに、併用処置において1つ以上のshRNA、リボザイム、および/またはマイクロRNA、またはその任意の組み合わせを投与しうる。併用処置において、異なるshRNA、リボザイム、および/またはマイクロRNAを、同時に、別々に、前後して、任意の順序で、投与しうる。
一般的方法
ヒト胚性幹細胞(hESC)の培養および神経分化
hESCを、照射マウス胚性線維芽細胞上で培養し、hESC培地(knockout血清代替物、L−グルタミン+β−メルカプトエタノール、非必須アミノ酸、および塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子を含むDMEM/F12)を毎日供給した。hESCを5%CO2の加湿インキュベーター内で37℃で培養した。細胞を5〜7日毎に手作業で継代した。
shRNAおよびリボザイムを、2つの相補的ポリヌクレオチドを所望の配列と共にアニーリングすることによって作製した。具体的には、shRNAを作製するためのポリヌクレオチドは、標的化される特定の21ヌクレオチドの配列およびその逆相補配列が、CTCGAGのループ配列によって隔てられたもの、ならびにプラスミドベクターへのクローニングのために付加されたCCGGの5’フランク配列およびTTTTTGの3’フランク配列からなった。リボザイムを作製するためのポリヌクレオチドは、特定の41のヌクレオチドの配列と、プラスミドクローニングのために付加された同じ5’および3’フランキング配列からなった。アニーリングされたポリヌクレオチドを、pLK0.1 puroベクター(Stewart et al RNA 2003 Apr;9(4):493-501)中にライゲーションした。shRNAおよびリボザイム配列は、U6プロモーターの制御下にある。得られたプラスミドを、shRNA配列の正しい挿入を確認するためにSangerシーケンシングに付した。
リポフェクタミン3000を用いて293FT細胞を第二世代パッケージングシステムでトランスフェクトすることによってレンチウイルス粒子を作製した。Lenti-X Concentrator Kit(Clontech)を用いてウイルスを濃縮し、qPCR Lentivirus Titration Kit(abm)を用いてウイルス力価を計算した。10週となったニューロンを、ラミニンコーティングしたプラスチック皿に1.3細胞/cm2の密度でプレーティングし、細胞当たり10個のウイルス粒子を導入した。レンチウイルス導入の7日後にニューロンをRNAのために採取した。
High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit(Thermo Fisher Scientific)を製造者の指示に従って使用してcDNAを合成した。Step One Plus(Thermo Fisher Scientific)において、意図される各標的用のTaqman Gene Expression AssaysおよびMastermix(Thermo Fisher Scientific)を用いて定量RT−PCRを行った。反応は、GAPDH Endogenous Control Taqman Assayを正規化用のハウスキーピング遺伝子として用いて、テクニカルな二連で行った。遺伝子発現をΔΔCt法によって定量した。
551 shRNA 2およびスクランブルshRNA対照が、業者によってpAV−U6−GFPベクター中にクローニングされウイルス粒子にパッケージングされた。ニューロンに551 shRNA 2 AAV9粒子を、細胞当たり少なくとも1×105ウイルスゲノムで導入した。48時間後に、導入されたニューロンを可視化するよう、ニューロンを画像化した。
インビトロでリボザイムの切断能力を試験するために、制御した条件下にリボザイムおよび標的RNA配列をインビトロで転写し試験した。具体的には、T7配列を含むプライマーを使用して、意図する標的のゲノム配列を増幅した。PCR産物を、T7ポリメラーゼを用いるインビトロ転写アッセイに使用する前に、精製し濃縮した。DNAを、T7ポリメラーゼを用いるインビトロ転写反応に使用した。RNAを、MEGAclearキット(Ambion)を用いてカラム精製した。リボザイムRNAを、2つの相補的なリボザイムポリヌクレオチドのアニーリングによって作製した。次いでそれをT4ポリメラーゼを用いて末端平滑化し、精製し濃縮した。リボザイムをワーキングストックとしてddH2O中に適当な濃度(5pmol/μL)に希釈した。リボザイムおよび標的RNAを、インビトロ切断アッセイにおいて37℃で30分間合し、2%アガロースゲル上で臭化エチジウムで可視化した。
UBE3A−ATS遺伝子中の同様の配列を標的とするshRNAを開発した。shRNAはRNA干渉経路によってRNAをノックダウンする。4つのshRNAを、レンチウイルスベクター中にクローニングすることによってデザインし、これはレンチウイルス粒子中にパッケージングされ、成熟AS iPSC由来ニューロンへの導入に用いられた。551shRNA2(配列番号2)はUBE3A−ATSの40%のノックダウンおよび父性UBE3Aの2.2倍の活性化を達成した(図4)。これらの試験は、同じshRNAをアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)ベクター中にクローニングし、AAV9粒子にパッケージングすることによって繰り返されている(図5および6)。
Claims (35)
- ショートヘアピンRNA(shRNA)、リボザイムまたはマイクロRNAをコードする第1のヌクレオチド配列を含むポリヌクレオチドであって、shRNA、リボザイムまたはマイクロRNAが父方UBE3Aのサイレンシングを抑制することができる、ポリヌクレオチド。
- 第1のヌクレオチド配列がshRNAをコードする、請求項1に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- shRNAが、配列番号5または配列番号9〜508のいずれかによりコードされるRNAに対して少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%または100%相補的な第2のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項2に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 第1のヌクレオチド配列が配列番号2である、請求項2または3に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 第1のヌクレオチド配列がリボザイムをコードする、請求項1に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- リボザイムが、配列番号6または7のいずれかによりコードされるRNAに対して少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%または100%相補的な第2のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 第1のヌクレオチド配列が配列番号3または配列番号4である、請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 第1のヌクレオチド配列がマイクロRNAをコードする、請求項1に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- マイクロRNAが、配列番号5または配列番号9〜508のいずれかによりコードされるRNAに対して少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%または100%相補的な第2のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項8に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 第1のヌクレオチド配列が配列番号8である、請求項8または9に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- shRNA、リボザイムまたはマイクロRNAが父方UBE3Aの発現を増加させる、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 父方UBE3Aが配列番号509のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 父方UBE3Aのサイレンシングが、配列番号1によりコードされるRNA転写物によるものである、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載されるポリヌクレオチド、およびプロモーターを含む、発現ベクター。
- プロモーターがU6プロモーターである、請求項14に記載の発現ベクター。
- ポリヌクレオチドがDNAポリヌクレオチドである、請求項14または15に記載の発現ベクター。
- 発現ベクターがアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)ベクターまたはレンチウイルスベクターである、請求項14〜16のいずれかに記載の発現ベクター。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載されるポリヌクレオチドを含む、ウイルス粒子。
- 粒子がAAV粒子またはレンチウイルス粒子である、請求項18に記載のウイルス粒子。
- 粒子が特異的な向神経性を有するAAV粒子である、請求項19に記載のウイルス粒子。
- 粒子がAAV9またはAAV10粒子である、請求項19に記載のウイルス粒子。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載されるポリヌクレオチドまたは請求項18〜21のいずれかに記載されるウイルス粒子、および薬学的に許容しうる担体を含む、医薬組成物。
- 請求項18〜21のいずれかに記載されるウイルス粒子または請求項22に記載される医薬組成物を処置有効量で必要とする患者に投与することを含む、アンジェルマン症候群を処置する方法。
- 請求項18〜21のいずれかに記載されるウイルス粒子または請求項22に記載される医薬組成物を処置有効量で必要とする患者に投与することを含む、父方UBE3A遺伝子発現を活性化または発現増加させる方法。
- 請求項18〜21のいずれかに記載されるウイルス粒子または請求項22に記載される医薬組成物を、配列番号1によりコードされるRNAアンチセンス転写物を切断するのに有効な量で、必要とする患者に投与することを含む、配列番号1によりコードされるRNAアンチセンス転写物による父方UBE3A遺伝子のサイレンシングを抑制する方法。
- ウイルス粒子または医薬組成物が患者の脳に投与される、請求項23〜25のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ウイルス粒子または医薬組成物が患者のニューロンに投与される、請求項23〜25のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 患者がヒトである、請求項23〜27のいずれかに記載の方法。
- shRNA、リボザイムまたはマイクロRNAが、配列番号1によりコードされるRNAアンチセンス転写物による父方UBE3A遺伝子のサイレンシングを抑制する、請求項23〜28のいずれかに記載の方法。
- shRNA、リボザイムまたはマイクロRNAが、配列番号1の配列を含むポリヌクレオチドの転写を終結させる、請求項23〜29のいずれかに記載の方法。
- shRNA、リボザイムまたはマイクロRNAが、配列番号1によりコードされるRNAアンチセンス転写物のレベルを低下させる、請求項23〜30のいずれかに記載の方法。
- shRNA、リボザイムまたはマイクロRNAが、配列番号1によりコードされるRNAアンチセンス転写物を切断する、請求項23〜31のいずれかに記載の方法。
- アンジェルマン症候群の処置における使用するため、父方UBE3Aの活性化における使用のため、または配列番号1によりコードされるRNAアンチセンス転写物による父方UBE3A遺伝子のサイレンシングの抑制における使用のための、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載のポリヌクレオチド、請求項18〜21のいずれかに記載のウイルス粒子または請求項22に記載の医薬組成物。
- アンジェルマン症候群の処置用、父方UBE3Aの活性化用、または配列番号1によりコードされるRNAアンチセンス転写物による父方UBE3A遺伝子のサイレンシングの抑制用の医薬の製造における、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載されるポリヌクレオチド、請求項18〜21のいずれかに記載されるウイルス粒子または請求項22に記載される医薬組成物の使用。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載されるポリヌクレオチドによりコードされる、shRNA、リボザイムまたはマイクロRNA。
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