JP2022500218A - 組織工学における使用のための生体脈管 - Google Patents
組織工学における使用のための生体脈管 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、参照することによってその全体として本明細書に組み込まれる、2018年9月14日に出願された、米国仮出願第62/731,564号の利益を主張する。
(参照による組み込み)
(心血管障害)
(血管疾患の治療)
血管グラフト
(寸法)
(生体印刷)
(生体印刷パラメータ)
(コンピュータシステム)
(実施例)
一次チャネルの断面図を示す概略図が、図1に示されている。チャネルの管腔が、ポリマー材料から構成される、チャネル壁によって形成される。チャネル壁は、チャネル壁内に空隙を生成するための、内壁と、外壁とを備える。図1に見られ得るように、空隙は、生細胞を培養するために使用され得る、マトリゲル(登録商標)で充填される。一次チャネルは、分岐点を含有し、血管構築物を形成する。分岐した一次チャネルを伴う血管構築物の断面図を示す概略図が、図2に示される。
図3は、一次チャネル内から発出する複数の分枝部を伴う、分岐した一次チャネルを含有する、血管構築物の断面図の概略図を示す。一次チャネルの壁は、PCLから構成される。各分枝部の端部にあるものは、幹細胞のスフェロイドである。分枝壁は、図4に示されるように(MGは、マトリゲル(登録商標)である)、マトリゲル(登録商標)の中心コアを囲繞する、PCLおよび細胞注入マトリゲル(登録商標)の混合物から構成される。代替として、分枝壁は、図5に示されるように、マトリゲル(登録商標)の中心コアを囲繞する、PCLから構成される。
一次チャネルが、ハニカム微小構造を含有する、壁によって形成される。ハニカム微小構造の概略図が、図6に示される。微小構造は、中心PCL管の周囲の六角形の物質内に接続される、6つの中空の円筒形PCL管によって形成される。微小構造の管のうちのいくつかは、図7に示されるように、管の中空空間内に、マイクロチャネルと、三角形の下部構造とを含有する。細胞注入マトリゲル(登録商標)が、三角形の下部構造の中に、かつ管の中空空間内に印刷される。
図8は、一次チャネルの壁を形成する、円筒形管の断面図の概略図を示す。管は、(小さい丸によって描写される)マイクロチャネルを含有する。管は、約3.3cmの外径、約2.5cmの内径、約0.4cmの厚さ、約1.3cmの内壁から中心までの距離、約1.7cmの外壁から中心までの距離、および約4cmの高さを有する。
血管グラフトが、押出ベースの生体印刷プロセスを介して印刷される。STLファイルが、Gコードを組み込む、コンピュータ支援設計(CAD)プログラムを用いて生成される。STLファイルは、血管グラフトのための設計を含有し、Repetier−Hostグラフィカルユーザインターフェースを用いて生成される。複数のシリンジベースの押出機が、空気圧縮を使用し、10mLシリンジから100ミクロンの分解能においてプランジャを移動させる。先端におけるものは、針である。各押出機が、ソフトウェアを介して別個に制御され、堆積サイズ、堆積の速度、および押出温度等の特徴が、個々に制御される。
PCL−マトリゲル(登録商標)混合物が、単一の一次チャネルを備える中空の円筒形脈管を伴う、血管グラフトを印刷するために使用される。チャネル壁は、間隙内に内皮細胞が埋設されたマトリゲル(登録商標)を含有する。血管グラフトが、1週間にわたって培養される。グラフト培養に続いて、血管グラフトは、冠状動脈内にアテローム硬化性プラーク蓄積を患う、患者の中に埋込される。患者が、麻酔の影響下に置かれる。切開が、患者の胸部内で行われ、胸骨が、切断され、心臓へのアクセスを提供する。患者は、次いで、外科手術の持続時間にわたって、人工心肺上に繋がれる。アテローム硬化性プラーク蓄積の上流における血管が、切断され、血管グラフトの一端に取り付けられる。アテローム硬化性プラーク蓄積の下流に位置する、血管の第2の部分が、切断され、血管グラフトの他端に接続され、血流がアテローム硬化性プラークによって引き起こされる閉塞部をバイパスすることを可能にする。血管グラフトの埋込は、患者の心筋への血流を改良し、心臓発作のリスクを減少させる。
(実施形態)
Claims (27)
- 円筒形中空体を含む血管グラフトであって、前記円筒形中空体は、第1の開口部と、第2の開口部とを備え、前記円筒形中空体は、
a)一次チャネルであって、前記一次チャネルは、内壁と、外壁と、前記内壁と前記外壁との間の第1の空隙とを備え、前記内壁および前記外壁は、ポリマーから構成される、一次チャネルと、
b)前記第1の空隙内に配置される生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料と
を備え、
前記第1の空隙は、複数のマイクロチャネルを含有する微小構造を含有する、血管グラフト。 - 前記一次チャネルは、前記第2の開口部において、2つの二次チャネルに分岐する、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記ポリマーは、生体分解性である、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記ポリマーは、生体適合性である、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記ポリマーは、ポリエステルである、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記ポリマーは、ポリカプロラクトンである、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料の細胞は、幹細胞である、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記細胞外マトリクス材料は、基底膜マトリクスを含む、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記第1の空隙の微小構造内の前記複数のマイクロチャネルは、規則的パターンを形成するように配列される、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記パターンは、六角形である、請求項9に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記複数のマイクロチャネルは、細胞を含有する、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記一次チャネルは、約1cm〜約10cmの内腔径を有する、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記第1の空隙は、約1mm〜約2cmの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記複数のマイクロチャネルからの前記マイクロチャネルのうちの1つの直径が、約1μm〜約500μmである、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記円筒形中空体は、第1の端部と、第2の端部とを備え、前記第1の開口部は、前記第1の端部にあり、前記第2の開口部は、前記第2の端部にあり、前記第1の開口部および前記第2の開口部は、前記円筒形中空体を通した直線通路を形成する、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記一次チャネルはさらに、前記一次チャネルに接続される三次チャネルを含有し、前記三次チャネルは、遠位端と、近位端とを備え、前記近位端は、前記一次チャネルに接続される、請求項1に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記三次チャネルの遠位端は、細胞のスフェロイドを含む、請求項16に記載の血管グラフト。
- 前記三次チャネルは、円筒形中空体であり、前記円筒形中空体は、内壁と、外壁とを備え、第2の空隙を形成し、前記内壁および前記外壁は、ポリマーから構成される、請求項16に記載の血管グラフト。
- 生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料が、前記第2の空隙内に配置される、請求項18に記載の血管グラフト。
- 血管グラフトであって、前記血管グラフトは、円筒形中空体を備え、前記円筒形中空体は、第1の開口部と、第2の開口部とを備え、前記円筒形中空体は、
a)一次チャネルであって、前記一次チャネルは、内壁と、外壁と、前記内壁と前記外壁との間の空隙とを備え、前記内壁および前記外壁は、ポリマーから構成される、一次チャネルと、
b)前記空隙内に配置される生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料と
を備え、
前記空隙は、複数のマイクロチャネルを含有する微小構造を含有し、
前記血管グラフトは、前記生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料中の前記細胞の成長を助長する培地の中に浸漬される、血管グラフト。 - 脈管内の生物流体の流動を必要とする対象内の脈管内の生物流体の流動を増加させる方法であって、前記方法は、前記対象内に血管グラフトを埋込するステップを含み、前記血管グラフトは、円筒形中空体を備え、前記円筒形中空体は、
a)一次チャネルであって、前記一次チャネルは、内壁と、外壁と、前記内壁と前記外壁との間の空隙とを備え、前記内壁および前記外壁は、ポリマーから構成される、一次チャネルと、
b)前記空隙内に配置される生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料と
を備え、
前記空隙は、複数のマイクロチャネルを含有する微小構造を含有し、
前記対象の中への前記血管グラフトの埋込は、前記対象の脈管内の前記生物流体の流動を増加させる、方法。 - 前記対象は、心血管疾患を患う、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記生物流体は、血液である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記脈管は、動脈である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 血管グラフトを印刷する方法であって、前記方法は、
a)基質の上にポリマーを堆積し、内壁を形成するステップと、
b)前記内壁の上に生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料を堆積するステップと、
c)前記生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料の上に前記ポリマーを堆積し、外壁を形成するステップと、
を含み、
ステップa)、b)、およびc)の前記堆積するステップは、円筒形中空体を形成し、前記円筒形中空体は、第1の開口部と、第2の開口部とを備え、前記円筒形中空体は、一次チャネルを備え、前記一次チャネルは、前記内壁と、前記外壁とを備え、
前記血管グラフトは、前記空隙内に複数のマイクロチャネルを含有する微小構造を提供するように印刷される、方法。 - 前記方法はさらに、
d)前記生細胞注入細胞外マトリクス材料中の前記細胞の成長を助長する培地の中に前記基質を浸漬するステップ
を含む、請求項25に記載の方法。 - 前記一次チャネルは、一過性インクを備える、請求項25に記載の方法。
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