JP2022165696A - Laminated glass for automobile window, and automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a technology that reduces the impact on person in the event of a collision between car and person, while allowing the occupant of the car to see the outside of the car.SOLUTION: A laminated glass for automobile window comprises a first glass plate, an interlayer film, and a second glass plate in this order from the outside to the inside of the vehicle. A plurality of calcined layers formed by calcining glass powder are provided at intervals in the see-through region for allowing the occupant of the automobile to see the outside of the automobile, which is on the surface of the first glass plate or the second glass plate on the vehicle inner side. The calcined layer has a circle equivalent diameter of 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm and a layer thickness of 0.002 mm to 0.3 mm.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to laminated glass for automotive windows and automobiles.

There is a demand for technology that reduces the impact on people when a car collides with a person such as a pedestrian. For example, in Patent Document 1, when an impact is applied to the cowl louver and the windshield, the rear end of the cowl louver and the front end of the windshield, which are connected by a molding, are separated from each other, thereby causing a shock to a person. is disclosed.

A curved glass plate with a light-shielding film for a vehicle described in Patent Document 2 includes a glass plate and a light-shielding film formed on at least a part of a film-forming portion that is a peripheral portion on one surface of the glass plate. The light-shielding film is formed of a band-shaped film arranged outside the peripheral portion and a dot-shaped pattern film made up of a plurality of dots arranged inside the band-shaped film.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2017-213928 WO2007-052600

BACKGROUND ART Laminated glass for automobile windows such as windshields is required to break appropriately in order to reduce the impact on a person when an automobile collides with a person such as a pedestrian. For example, laminated glass for automobile windows is required to have a Head Injury Criterion (HIC) of a desired value or less. On the other hand, the laminated glass for automobile windows is also required to allow the occupants of the automobile to visually recognize the outside of the automobile.

One aspect of the present disclosure provides a technology that reduces the impact on people in the event of a collision between a car and a person, while allowing the occupants of the car to see the outside of the car.

A laminated glass for an automobile window according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a first glass plate, an intermediate film, and a second glass plate in this order from the vehicle outer side to the vehicle inner side. A fired layer formed by firing glass powder is spaced apart from the see-through region of the first glass plate or the second glass plate on the inner side of the vehicle so that an occupant of the vehicle can visually recognize the exterior of the vehicle. Multiple are provided. The fired layer has an equivalent circle diameter of 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm and a layer thickness of 0.002 mm to 0.3 mm.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to allow the occupant of the vehicle to visually recognize the exterior of the vehicle while reducing the impact on the person when the vehicle collides with the person.

FIG. 1 is a front view of an automobile provided with laminated glass according to one embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing part of the laminated glass according to one embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a fired layer formed on the first glass plate. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a fired layer formed on the second glass plate. FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of an arrangement pattern of the fired layer provided on the first glass plate and the fired layer provided on the second glass plate, viewed from the inside of the vehicle.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding configurations, and explanations thereof may be omitted. In the specification, "-" indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values described before and after it are included as lower and upper limits.

As shown in FIG. 1, an automobile 100 includes a laminated automobile window glass 1 and a vehicle body 2 including an opening to which the laminated automobile window glass 1 is attached. The laminated glass 1 for automobile windows is hereinafter also simply referred to as the laminated glass 1 . The laminated glass 1 is, for example, a windshield, but may be a window glass other than the windshield, such as a side glass, a rear glass, or a roof glass.

As shown in FIG. 2, the laminated glass 1 includes a first glass plate 10, an intermediate film 30, and a second glass plate 20 in this order from the vehicle exterior to the vehicle interior. The intermediate film 30 bonds the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 together. The first glass plate 10 has a first surface 11 that is an exterior surface of the vehicle and a second surface 12 that is an interior surface of the vehicle. The second glass plate 20 has a third surface 21 that is an exterior surface of the vehicle and a fourth surface 22 that is an interior surface of the vehicle.

The first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 may be made of the same material or different materials. The material of the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 is preferably inorganic glass. Examples of inorganic glass include soda lime silicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, borate glass, lithium aluminosilicate glass, and borosilicate glass. A method for forming the inorganic glass into a plate is not particularly limited, and for example, a float method.

The first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 may be untempered glass (raw glass). Untempered glass is glass obtained by molding molten glass into a plate shape and then slowly cooling it, and is glass that has not undergone tempering treatment such as air-cooling tempering treatment or chemical tempering treatment. Untempered glass is less likely to cause mesh-like or spider-web-like cracks or the like when broken upon impact, and can ensure the visibility of the occupant.

The first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 may have the same thickness or different thicknesses. The thickness of the first glass plate 10 is, for example, 1.1 mm or more and 3.5 mm or less. Moreover, the thickness of the second glass plate 20 is 0.5 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. Furthermore, the thickness of the entire laminated glass 1 is 2.3 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less.

The material of the intermediate film 30 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a thermoplastic resin. Materials for the intermediate film 30 include plasticized polyvinyl acetal-based resin, plasticized polyvinyl chloride-based resin, saturated polyester-based resin, plasticized saturated polyester-based resin, polyurethane-based resin, plasticized polyurethane-based resin, and ethylene-vinyl acetate. Thermoplastic resins conventionally used for various purposes, such as polymer-based resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer-based resins, cycloolefin polymer resins, and ionomer resins, can be mentioned. A resin composition containing a hydrogenated modified block copolymer described in Japanese Patent No. 6065221 can also be preferably used. Among these, plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin is excellent in the balance of performance such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. is preferably used. You may use said thermoplastic resin individually or in combination of 2 or more types. “Plasticization” in the above-mentioned plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin means plasticization by addition of a plasticizer. The same applies to other plasticizing resins.

The material of the intermediate film 30 may be a plasticizer-free resin such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. Examples of the polyvinyl acetal-based resin include a polyvinyl formal resin obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and formaldehyde, a narrowly defined polyvinyl acetal-based resin obtained by reacting PVA and acetaldehyde, and PVA and n-butyraldehyde. Polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) obtained by reacting, in particular, transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation PVB is a suitable material because of its excellent balance of properties. In addition, you may use said resin individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

The intermediate film 30 may have either a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The intermediate film 30 may have functions other than adhesion. For example, the intermediate film 30 may have one or more selected from a sound insulation layer, a colored transparent layer, an ultraviolet cut layer, an infrared cut layer, and the like.

The thickness of the intermediate film 30 is 0.5 mm or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness. Moreover, the thickness of the intermediate film 30 is 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of lightness and handleability. The thickness of the intermediate film 30 may be constant or may vary depending on the position. For example, when an image of a head-up display is projected onto the laminated glass 1, the thickness of the intermediate film 30 increases from the bottom to the top in order to suppress the occurrence of double images. The intermediate film 30 is formed in a wedge shape with a wedge angle of, for example, 1.0 mrad or less.

The method for manufacturing the laminated glass 1 includes, for example, the following steps (A) to (C). (A) The first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 are laminated with the intermediate film 30 interposed therebetween to produce a laminate. (B) The laminated body is placed inside a rubber bag, and the rubber bag is heated while the inside of the rubber bag is decompressed to bond the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 together with the intermediate film 30 . The air pressure inside the rubber bag is, for example, -100 kPa to -65 kPa based on the atmospheric pressure. The heating temperature of the rubber bag is, for example, 70.degree. C. to 110.degree. (C) The laminated body taken out from the rubber bag is pressed under pressure of 0.6 MPa to 1.3 MPa while heating at 100°C to 150°C. An autoclave, for example, is used for crimping. Note that the method for manufacturing the laminated glass 1 may be a general method, and does not need to include the above step (C).

As shown in FIG. 2, the laminated glass 1 is, for example, wholly or partially curved so as to protrude outwardly of the vehicle. The laminated glass 1 is a double-curved glass curved in the front-rear direction and the vertical direction of the vehicle, but may be a single-curved glass curved only in the front-rear direction or the vertical direction. The radius of curvature of the laminated glass 1 is, for example, 200 mm to 300000 mm.

The first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 are bent before the step (A). Bending is performed while the glass is softened by heating. The heating temperature of the glass during bending is, for example, 550.degree. C. to 700.degree. The first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 may be bent separately, or may be overlapped and bent at the same time. Bending may include gravity forming, press forming, or the like, or may include both.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the laminated glass 1 is required to break appropriately in order to reduce the impact on the person 200 such as a pedestrian when the automobile 100 collides with the person 200 . For example, the laminated glass 1 is required to have a Head Injury Criterion (HIC) of a desired value or less (for example, 1000 or less, preferably 650 or less). On the other hand, the laminated glass 1 is also required to allow the passenger of the automobile 100 to see the outside of the automobile 100 .

When the automobile 100 and the person 200 collide, the laminated glass 1 is pushed from the outside of the vehicle toward the inside of the vehicle. As a result, a tensile stress is generated in the second surface 12 of the first glass plate 10, which is the vehicle-interior surface, and the second glass plate 20 cracks starting from the defects in the second surface 12. As shown in FIG. In addition, a tensile stress is generated on the fourth surface 22 of the second glass plate 20 on the vehicle interior side, and the second glass plate 20 cracks starting from the defect of the fourth surface 22 . In both the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20, cracks extend from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle.

One aspect of the present disclosure is to adjust the strength of the first glass plate 10 to an appropriate value by forming a fired layer 50 in the see-through region of the second surface 12 of the first glass plate 10, as shown in FIG. do. Another aspect of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 4, is to form a fired layer 50 in the see-through region of the fourth surface 22 of the second glass plate 20 so that the strength of the second glass plate 20 is appropriately increased. value. The see-through area is an area in which an occupant of the vehicle 100 can visually recognize the exterior of the vehicle 100 . A see-through area is surrounded by a light-shielding area. A light-shielding region is a region covered with the light-shielding layer 40 .

A case where the light blocking layer 40 and the fired layer 50 are formed on the fourth surface 22 of the second glass plate 20 will be described below. The case where the light shielding layer 40 and the fired layer 50 are formed on the second surface 12 of the first glass plate 10 is the same, so the explanation is omitted. In addition, the light shielding layer 40 may be formed on at least one of the second surface 12 and the fourth surface 22 . The fired layer 50 is also the same. For example, only the firing layer 50 may be provided on the second surface 12 and only the light shielding layer 40 may be provided on the fourth surface 22 .

The light shielding layer 40 is formed by firing a dark pigment and glass powder. Specifically, the light shielding layer 40 is formed by applying a paste containing a dark pigment and glass powder and baking the paste. The color of the dark pigment is, for example, black, gray, or dark brown. The method of applying the paste is not particularly limited, but is screen printing, for example.

The light shielding layer 40 is formed in a belt shape along the periphery of the fourth surface 22 of the second glass plate 20, and is formed, for example, within a range of 10 mm or more and 300 mm or less from the periphery of the fourth surface 22 (see FIG. 5). The light shielding layer 40 shields ultraviolet rays and suppresses deterioration of the adhesive that bonds the laminated glass 1 and the vehicle body 2 together. The adhesive is urethane, for example.

The light shielding layer 40 is fired when the second glass plate 20 is bent in order to shorten the manufacturing process of the laminated glass 1, but may be fired before the second glass plate 20 is bent. In any case, the glass powder contained in the light shielding layer 40 is combined with the second glass plate 20, and the light shielding layer 40 and the second glass plate 20 are integrated.

The fired layer 50 is formed by firing glass powder. Specifically, the fired layer 50 is formed by applying a paste containing glass powder and firing the paste. The method of applying the paste is not particularly limited, but is screen printing, for example. When the glass powders are heated, they bond together and form a porous structure. Therefore, the surface roughness of the fired layer 50 is greater than the surface roughness of the second glass plate 20 .

As used herein, surface roughness is the arithmetic mean roughness described in Japanese Industrial Standards JIS B0601:1994, and is measured using, for example, a contact surface roughness measuring device (NX001) manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd. The surface roughness of the fired layer 50 is, for example, 100 nm to 5000 nm, preferably 500 nm to 800 nm. On the other hand, the surface roughness of the second glass plate 20 is, for example, 15 nm or less, preferably 10 nm or less.

The fired layer 50 is fired when the second glass plate 20 is bent to shorten the manufacturing process of the laminated glass 1, but may be fired before the second glass plate 20 is bent. In any case, the glass powder contained in the fired layer 50 bonds with the second glass plate 20, and the fired layer 50 and the second glass plate 20 are integrated.

Since the surface roughness of the fired layer 50 is greater than the surface roughness of the second glass plate 20 , the formation of the fired layer 50 on the fourth surface 22 of the second glass plate 20 causes large defects on the fourth surface 22 . It is formed. If the defect is large, stress tends to concentrate and cracks tend to occur. Therefore, the second glass plate 20 is easily broken.

The fired layer 50 has, for example, an equivalent circle diameter D of 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm and a layer thickness T of 0.002 mm to 0.3 mm. According to the Japanese Automotive Standards Organization (JASO), the presence of a black spot with a diameter of 0.5 mm or less in the perspective area is allowed.

Since the see-through area is an area in which the occupants of the automobile 100 can see the outside of the automobile 100, it is generally considered desirable that there are no black spots or the like. On the other hand, the technique of the present disclosure provides the see-through region with a defect of a size that is almost unrecognizable by the occupant of the automobile 100, and makes the laminated glass 1 easy to break while ensuring the see-through property.

When viewed from the direction orthogonal to the first surface 11 of the first glass plate 10, the shape of the fired layer 50 is, for example, circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, or the like. In any case, if the equivalent circle diameter D of the fired layer 50 is 0.5 mm or less, the visibility is good. The equivalent circle diameter D is preferably 0.3 mm or less.

On the other hand, if the equivalent circle diameter D of the fired layer 50 is 0.02 mm or more, the size of the fired layer 50 is large, and the second glass plate 20 is likely to crack. The equivalent circle diameter D is preferably 0.1 mm or more.

When the layer thickness T of the fired layer 50 is 0.3 mm or less, visible light is easily transmitted, and visibility is good. The layer thickness T is preferably 0.1 mm or less.

On the other hand, if the layer thickness T of the fired layer 50 is 0.002 mm or more, the size of the fired layer 50 is large and the second glass plate 20 is likely to crack. The layer thickness T is preferably 0.05 mm or more.

The layer thickness T of the fired layer 50 may be smaller than the layer thickness of the light shielding layer 40, as shown in FIG. The visible light transmittance of the fired layer 50 can be made higher than the visible light transmittance of the light shielding layer 40 . It is particularly advantageous when the firing layer 50 and the light shielding layer 40 are made of the same paste.

The fired layer 50 may be formed by firing glass powder and a dark pigment, or may be formed using the same paste as the light shielding layer 40 . In this case, there are few types of paste, and paste management is easy. Moreover, in this case, the paste can be applied simultaneously to the area where the fired layer 50 is formed and the area where the light shielding layer 40 is formed, and the number of times of applying the paste can be reduced.

The fired layer 50 may be formed by firing glass powder and metal powder. Metal powder is, for example, silver powder. The metal powder is not limited to silver powder, and may be, for example, copper powder. In this case, the fired layer 50 has electrical conductivity.

The fired layer 50 may be formed using the same paste as the conductive layer (not shown). A conductive layer is formed on the light shielding layer 40 and constitutes an antenna, a heater, or the like. The conductive layer is fired simultaneously with the light shielding layer 40 .

When the fired layer 50 is formed using the same paste as the conductive layer, there are fewer types of paste, and paste management is easy. Moreover, in this case, the paste can be applied simultaneously to the region where the fired layer 50 is to be formed and the region where the conductive layer is to be formed, and the number of times of paste application can be reduced.

The firing layer 50 may not contain dark pigments and metal powders, and may be formed using a paste different from that of the light shielding layer 40 and the conductive layer. If the baked layer 50 does not contain a dark pigment and metal powder, it becomes more transparent than when it contains a dark pigment or metal powder, so that visibility can be improved.

A plurality of fired layers 50 are provided at intervals in the see-through region. For example, the fired layer 50 is provided in a first region surrounded by a first virtual line L1 100 mm away from the boundary line L3 between the light shielding region and the see-through region, and may be dispersed throughout the first region. good. Further, the fired layer 50 is provided in a second region surrounded by a second imaginary line L2 that is 25 mm away from the boundary line L3 between the light shielding region and the see-through region, and may be dispersed throughout the second region. good.

A circular or semicircular dot-like pattern with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm made of the same material as the light shielding layer 40 is formed near the boundary line L3 between the light shielding area and the transparent area in the transparent area. may The dot-shaped pattern is formed inside the light-shielding region covered with the strip-shaped light-shielding layer 40, and is formed in the see-through region.

The fired layer 50 is arranged at lattice points of a square lattice, for example. The lattice is not limited to a square lattice, and may be an equilateral triangular lattice, a regular hexagonal lattice, or the like. Also, the lattice may be a lattice obtained by distorting a regular polygon vertically or horizontally, such as a rectangular lattice.

The pitch P of the fired layers 50 is, for example, 10 mm to 200 mm. Pitch P is the distance from each point to the nearest point. If the pitch P is 200 mm or less, the number of starting points of cracks is large, and cracks are likely to occur near the collision point of the person 200 . The pitch P is preferably 100 mm or less.

On the other hand, if the pitch P of the fired layer 50 is 10 mm or more, the fluoroscopic image is less likely to be distorted and the fluoroscopic property is good. Pitch P is preferably 50 mm or more.

As shown in FIG. 5, when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the first surface 11 of the first glass plate 10, the fired layer 50-1 provided on the first glass plate 10 is within 100 mm (preferably within 50 mm). It is preferable that the fired layer 50-2 provided on the second glass plate 20 exists within the range. When the automobile 100 and the person 200 collide, the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 break at points close to each other, so the impact is absorbed in a short time.

When viewed from the direction perpendicular to the first surface 11 of the first glass plate 10, the fired layer 50-1 provided on the first glass plate 10 and the fired layer 50-2 provided on the second glass plate 20 are Although they are staggered, the arrangement is not limited to the staggered arrangement.

When viewed from the direction orthogonal to the first surface 11 of the first glass plate 10, the fired layer 50-1 provided on the first glass plate 10 and the fired layer 50-2 provided on the second glass plate 20 are separated. Overlapping is preferred. The fired layer 50-1 provided on the first glass plate 10 and the fired layer 50-2 provided on the second glass plate 20 do not have to overlap completely, and may overlap at least partially.

Although the laminated glass for automobile windows and the automobile according to the present disclosure have been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and the like. Various changes, modifications, substitutions, additions, deletions, and combinations are possible within the scope of the claims. These also naturally belong to the technical scope of the present disclosure.

1 Laminated glass for automobile windows 10 First glass plate 20 Second glass plate 30 Intermediate film 40 Light shielding layer 50 Fired layer

Claims (11)

A laminated glass for an automobile window, comprising a first glass plate, an intermediate film, and a second glass plate in this order from the outside to the inside of the vehicle,
A fired layer formed by firing glass powder is spaced apart from the see-through region of the first glass plate or the second glass plate on the inner side of the vehicle so that an occupant of the vehicle can visually recognize the exterior of the vehicle. provided in multiple
The laminated glass for automobile windows, wherein the fired layer has an equivalent circle diameter of 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm and a layer thickness of 0.002 mm to 0.3 mm. 2. The laminated glass for automobile windows according to claim 1, wherein the fired layer has a pitch of 10 mm to 200 mm on the inner surface of the first glass plate or the second glass plate. 3. A light-shielding layer formed by baking glass powder and a dark pigment is provided in a light-shielding region surrounding the see-through region of the vehicle-interior side of the first glass plate or the second glass plate. Laminated glass for automobile windows according to . 4. The laminated glass for automobile windows according to claim 3, wherein said fired layer is provided in a first region surrounded by a first imaginary line 100 mm away from a boundary line between said light shielding region and said see-through region. 5. The laminated glass for automobile windows according to claim 3, wherein the baked layer has a layer thickness smaller than the layer thickness of the light shielding layer. The laminated glass for automobile windows according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fired layer is formed by firing the glass powder and the dark pigment. The laminated glass for automobile windows according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fired layer is formed by firing the glass powder and the metal powder. The laminated glass for automobile windows according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fired layer does not contain a dark pigment and metal powder. The fired layer is provided on the vehicle-interior surface of the first glass plate, and the fired layer is provided on the vehicle-interior surface of the second glass plate. laminated glass for automotive windows. The fired layer provided on the second glass plate is within 100 mm from the fired layer provided on the first glass plate when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle-exterior surface of the first glass plate. 10. A laminated automotive window glass according to claim 9, present. The laminated glass for automobile windows according to any one of claims 1 to 10;
a vehicle body including an opening to which the laminated glass for automobile windows is attached;
, a car.

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