JP2022158191A - Horizontal shaft windmill, horizontal shaft rotor and rotor blade - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a horizontal shaft windmill in which interference of air flows hardly occurs even if there are many blades, and which improves rotation efficiency even under a low wind speed, a horizontal shaft rotor and a rotor blade.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a horizontal shaft windmill in which a plurality of lift type blades are disposed on a peripheral surface of a hub, each lift type blade is in a state where a blade end is turned upward, and a blade centerline S passing an axial center of a hub 5A passes a center in a thickness of a proximal 6A of the lift type blade turned in an axial direction of the hub 5A in a front view. A rotation front face 6G of a font edge 6B of a lift type blade 6 is in parallel with the blade centerline S and is largely bent in a rotation back direction from an intermediate of a length to a blade end, and a blade distal end face 6D of the blade end looks laterally long in a horizontal direction in the front view. A rear edge 6c of the blade distal end face 6D is outside of a rotation track V of a thickness center 6E of the front edge of the blade distal end face 6D, and a rotation rear face 6F from the proximal 6A to the blade distal end face 6D is formed visible from the front.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a horizontal-axis wind turbine, a horizontal-axis rotor, and rotor blades, which are less susceptible to interference of airflows passing during rotation, have excellent rotation performance, and have high rotational torque even at low wind speeds.

A horizontal axis rotor of a horizontal axis wind turbine is described, for example, in Patent Document 1.

JP 2018-40304

In the horizontal shaft rotor described in Patent Document 1, the front shape of the blade has a maximum chord length portion in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction, and a laterally inclined portion that is greatly bent in the post-rotation direction from the maximum chord length portion to the blade tip. The laterally inclined portion is inclined forward from the maximum chord length portion to the tip of the blade in a side view. As a result, the airflow that hits the front of the blade gathers at the maximum chord length and passes in the backward rotation direction of the rotor, increasing the rotation efficiency. If there are many blades in this air flow passage direction, interference occurs, so it is difficult to increase the efficiency in a low wind speed region.
The present invention is to provide a horizontal-axis wind turbine, a horizontal-axis rotor, and rotor blades, which have high rotational efficiency and high rotational torque even at low wind speeds, with little interference of airflows passing between the blades even if the number of blades is increased. purpose.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical measures.

(1) In a configuration in which the wind turbine housing 4 is horizontally supported by the rotating support 3 rotatably disposed on the column 2, the front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D of the rotating support 3 are erected. The front end portion 4A of the wind turbine housing 4 is horizontally supported by the rod 3C, and the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing is horizontally supported by the rear rod 3D. Between the rear end portion 4B, the horizontal rotor 5 is arranged so that the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A and the center of the width overlap with the axis line U of the support column 2, and the front end portion 4A of the wind turbine housing 4 and the above-mentioned Generators 4C and 4D are arranged at the rear end portion 4B so that their rotary shafts 4E and 4F are on the same axis, and the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is arranged between the front and rear rotary shafts 4E and 4F. The front and rear ends of rotary shafts 5B and 5C fixed to the center of the hub 5A are connected to make the horizontal shaft rotor 5 coaxially rotatable. A plurality of lift-type blades 6 are fixed radially at regular intervals on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A, and when viewed from the front with the wing tips of the lift-type blades 6 facing upward, the bases of the lift-type blades 6 6A, the center of the thickness of the leading edge 6B is along the blade center line S passing through the axis of the hub 5A, the front surface 6G of rotation of the leading edge 6B is formed parallel to the axis S, and the blade From the middle of the length to the tip of the blade, the front surface of rotation 6G is greatly bent in the rearward direction of rotation, and the front edge 6B is thick and the blade tip surface 6D, which is thin and sharp toward the trailing edge 6C, is made to look like a front horizontally long, The trailing edge 6C from the base portion 6A to the tip of the blade gradually inclines in the rearward direction of rotation and bends sharply as it approaches the tip surface 6D of the blade, causing the leading edge 6E of the tip surface 6D to rotate. The trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed so as to be outside the locus V, and the rotation rear surface 6F from the base portion 6A to the blade tip surface 6D is visible from the front, and the blade tip surface A horizontal shaft wind turbine formed so that the rotational locus of the trailing edge 6c at 6D is positioned to overlap the axial center line U of the support 2 .

(2) The rotational trajectory V of the leading edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is longer than the rotational trajectory X of the front end surface 5E of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 in plan view. The locus of rotation of the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 overlaps with the locus of rotation R of the hub 5A of the rotor 5 in the front-rear direction. The horizontal axis wind turbine according to (1) above, in which the lift blades 6 are formed.

(3) A plurality of lifting blades 6 are arranged at regular intervals in the radial direction on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A from which the front and rear ends of the rotation shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 protrude forward and backward. The base end surface of the base 6A of each lifting blade 6 in plan view has a shape in which the front edge is thick and gradually becomes thinner toward the rear end. , and in a front view with the wing tip of the lift blade 6 facing upward, the thickness center of the front edge 6B of the base 6A of the lift blade 6 passes through the axis of the hub 5A In a state along the blade center line S, the front edge 6G of rotation facing the rotation direction of the leading edge 6B is formed parallel to the blade center line S, and the blade tip is formed from the middle of the length of the lift type blade 6 to the tip. The blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is formed substantially horizontally toward the front by being bent greatly in the rearward direction of rotation, and the blade tip surface 6D is thick at the leading edge 6B and has a trailing edge 6c. The trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is made to be outside the rotational locus V of the leading edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D, and the lift type blade 6 has a base portion 6A to the above-mentioned A horizontal shaft rotor in which the entire rear rotation surface 6F, which is rearward in the rotation direction, is visible from the front to the blade tip surface 6D.

(4) The horizontal shaft rotor 5 is supported between the front end and the rear end of the wind turbine housing 4 that is long in the front-rear direction, with the front and rear rotation shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A facing forward and backward. Front and rear rotating shafts 4C and 4D of the front and rear generators 4C and 4D, in which front and rear rotating shafts 5B and 5C protruding forward and backward from the center of the hub are mounted inside the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing. The horizontal shaft rotor according to (3) above, which is concentrically connected to the ends of 5B and 5C via connecting tools 5D and 5D.

(5) The lift blade 6 in the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is fixed to the hub 5A, and in a front view with the blade tip facing vertically upward, the center of the thickness of the base 6A of the lift blade 6 is The blade centerline S passing through is set to pass through the axis of the hub 5A, the front edge 6B of the lift type blade 6 is directed to the front, and the rotation front surface 6G at the time of rotation is parallel to the blade centerline S and set to the front of rotation. As a result, the trailing edge 6C rises obliquely toward the tip of the blade, and from the middle of the blade length to the tip of the blade, it is greatly bent in the backward rotation direction, and the tip surface 6D of the blade appears horizontally and horizontally in front. The trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed so as to be outside the rotational locus V of the leading edge 6E of the leading edge 6B of the blade tip surface 6D, and from the base portion 6A to the blade tip surface 6D. The rotation rear surface 6F is formed so that the whole can be seen from the front, and the plane view of the lifting blade 6 is such that the rotation front surface 6G has a semi-circular shape with a wide rear portion and a trailing edge 6c that is pointed. A rotor blade in which a rotational trajectory T of the leading edge 6B on the blade tip surface 6D protrudes frontward from a rotational trajectory X of the front end surface 5E of the hub 5A.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the following effects are exhibited.

In the invention described in (1) above, the horizontal rotor 5 protrudes its rotary shafts 5B and 5C forward and backward, and the front and rear rotary shafts 5B and 5C are arranged between the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4. Since both sides are supported in the middle, the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is less likely to vibrate and can be stably rotated.
Since the horizontal shaft rotor 5 has a plurality of lifting blades 6 arranged on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A, it has a large wind receiving area, high rotational efficiency even at low wind speeds, and high rotational torque.
When a plurality of lift blades 6 are arranged, interference of air currents generated between the lift blades 6 occurs as the horizontal shaft rotor 5 rotates, resulting in reduced rotational efficiency or noise. Since the shape of the lift blade 6 is formed into an unprecedented special shape, it is eliminated.
That is, the lift type blade 6 has a front face facing upwind and a base portion 6A facing upward in the front-to-back direction. formed vertically. A front edge 6B of the lifting blade 6 facing in the rotational direction is formed parallel to the center line S of the blade, and is bent in the backward direction from the middle of the length toward the tip of the blade. , the wing tip surface 6D is formed so as to look oblong in the front. In the portion near the tip of the lift blade 6 that rotates at high speed in the centrifugal portion during rotation, wind resistance is less likely to be applied, and the passing airflow becomes high speed due to the Coanda effect, and as a result, it passes with negative pressure. , even if the arrangement interval of the lift blades 6 before and after the rotation on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A is narrow, interference of passing air currents is unlikely to occur.
The lift-type blade 6 is formed so that a rotation rear surface 6F, which rotates in the rearward direction during rotation from the base portion 6A to the blade tip surface 6D, can be seen from the front. That is, the airflow that hits the front of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 hits the rear rotation surface 6F of the lift blade 6, slides on the oblique surface, passes obliquely in the rear rotation direction, and pushes the lift blade 6 in the rotation direction. to rotate the horizontal shaft rotor 5 . In this case, the airflow moving in the centrifugal direction from the base portion 6A of the lift blade 6 obliquely passes in the rearward direction in the direction of the rotation axis 5B at the trailing edge 6c portion of the blade tip surface 6D projecting in the frontward direction. As a result, the lift type blade 6 is strongly pushed in the direction of the front edge 6B at the centrifugal portion of the lift type blade 6 to rotate.

In the invention described in (2) above, the rotational trajectory V of the leading edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is the same as that of the front end surface 5E of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5. The trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed so as to be located forward in front of the rotational locus X in plan view, and the rotational locus R of the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is the rotational locus of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 at the front-rear center of the hub 5A. Since the lift blade 6 is formed so as to overlap R, the wing tip surface 6D, which is visible in front when viewed from the front, protrudes forward from the locus of rotation R at the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A, and at the same time, is flat. As can be seen, the tip surface 6D of the blade is inclined rearward from the leading edge 6E to the trailing edge 6c, and follows the airflow hitting the rotating rear surface 6F at the tip of the lift blade 6. Rotational efficiency is enhanced by passing along the airflow passing at high speed along the rotation front face 6G of the lift type blade 6. - 特許庁

In the invention described in (3) above, lift type blades 6 are provided on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A from which front and rear ends of the rotation shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 protrude forward and backward. A plurality of blades 6 are fixed in the radial direction at regular intervals, and the base end surface of the base 6A of each lift type blade 6 in plan view has a shape in which the leading edge is thick and gradually becomes thinner toward the trailing edge. Since it is set along the longitudinal axis W of the hub 5A, the base portion 6A is longitudinally long, allowing the airflow from the front to pass through with little resistance, thereby increasing the rotation efficiency.
In a front view with the tip of the lift blade 6 facing upward, the thickness center of the leading edge 6B of the base portion 6A of the lift blade 6 is aligned with the blade center line S passing through the axis of the hub 5A. In this state, the rotation front surface 6G facing the rotation direction of the leading edge 6B is formed parallel to the blade center line S, and the lift type blade 6 is bent greatly in the rotation rearward direction from the middle of the length of the lift type blade 6 to the wing tip. Since the wing tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is formed to face the front and is substantially horizontally oblong, when viewed from the front, the front surface 6G of rotation of the lift blade 6 is vertical, and the trailing edge 6C extends from the base 6A. Since it is inclined toward the tip of the blade in the post-rotation direction, and the post-rotation surface 6F spreads toward the tip of the blade, the wind receiving area is wide at the centrifugal portion, so the rotational torque increases.
The leading edge 6B portion of the blade tip surface 6D is thick and pointed toward the trailing edge 6c. Since it is designed to be on the outside, the airflow that hits the rear surface 6F escapes to the outside at the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D and is pushed toward the front edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D by reaction. Since the entire rear rotation surface 6F, which is the rear in the rotation direction from the base 6A of the lift blade 6 to the wing tip surface 6D, is visible from the front, most of the airflow that hits the lift blade 6 from the front is rotating. Since it hits the rear surface 6F, passes obliquely behind, and rotates the lift blade 6 as a reaction, the rotation efficiency is high.

The horizontal rotor 6 in the invention described in (4) above is arranged between the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4 that is long in the front-rear direction, with the rotating shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A facing front-rear. Since the hub 5A is supported on both sides, it is less likely to vibrate and the rotational stability is enhanced. Front and rear generators of the same type in which front and rear rotation shafts 5B and 5C protruding forward and backward from the hub 5A are internally mounted in the front and rear ends 4A and 4B of the wind turbine housing 4, respectively. Since the ends of the rotating shafts 4E and 4F of 4C and 4D are concentrically connected via connecting tools 5D and 5D, shaking is less likely to occur and they are applied to the front and rear rotating shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A. The load of the generators 4C and 4D is even, and the smooth rotation increases the power generation efficiency associated with the rotation efficiency.

The lift type blade 6 in the horizontal shaft rotor 5 in the invention described in (5) has a blade center passing through the center of the thickness of the base 6A of the lift type blade 6 in a front view with the blade tip facing vertically upward. The line S passes through the axis of the hub 5A, the front edge 6B of the lift blade 6 faces the front, and the rotation front surface 6G during rotation is parallel to the blade center line S and is set forward in rotation, The trailing edge 6C rises obliquely toward the rear rotation direction of the blade tip, and is greatly bent in the rear rotation direction from the middle of the blade length to the blade tip, and the blade tip surface 6D appears horizontally and horizontally in front. , the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed to be outside the rotational locus V of the leading edge 6E of the leading edge 6B of the blade tip surface 6D. A front edge 6B of 6D protrudes forward in the front direction so as to envelop and capture the airflow received in the front direction, and the airflow passes outward from the rear edge end 6c facing the outside of the rear surface in the rear rotation direction.
Since the rear rotation surface 6F extending from the base 6A to the blade tip surface 6D is formed so that the whole can be seen from the front, the airflow that hits from the front is received by this rotation rear surface 6F, and flows from the base 6A to the blade tip. As it moves, it strikes the wing tip surface 6D protruding forward in a horizontal direction, passes obliquely rearward from the trailing edge 6C, and rotates the lift blade 6 as a reaction.
In a plan view of the lift blade 6, the front surface 6G of rotation is a semi-circular shape that spreads toward the rear of the rotation, and is sharpened toward the trailing edge 6c following the front surface 6G. , protrudes in the front direction beyond the locus of rotation X of the front end face 5E of the hub 5A. Increases rotation efficiency by allowing airflow to pass in the direction.

1 is a front view of Example 1 of a horizontal axis wind turbine of the present invention; FIG. The left side in the side view of FIG. 1 is the front. The left side in the plan view of FIG. 1 is the front. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the wind turbine housing in FIG. 3; FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of the lifting blade in FIG. 1; FIG. 6 is a plan view of the lifting blade in FIG. 5;

One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, a horizontal axis wind turbine 1 rotatably supports a rotation support 3 on the top of a column 2 . The rotary support 3 is formed in a substantially U shape by a base portion 3B which is long in the front-rear direction in a side view on the shaft portion 3A, and a front rod 3C and a rear rod 3D which rise upward at the front and rear ends. The front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D are formed in a substantially fish-like cross-sectional shape in which the front portion is thicker and the rear end is thinner. As a result, the airflow that strikes the front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D from the front passes through with little resistance.

A hollow front end portion 4A and a rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4 are fixedly supported on the upper portion of the rotary support 3 with a predetermined gap therebetween. The wind turbine housing 4 has a front end 4A fixedly supported on the front rod 3C of the rotary support 3 and a rear end 4B fixedly supported on the rear rod 3D of the rotary support 3. Inside the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion 4B, as shown in FIG. 4, generators 4C and 4D of the same type are installed concentrically with the tips of rotating shafts 4E and 4F opposed to each other. It is

The central portion of the wind turbine housing 4 is a hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5, and the rotational locus R of the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A is set on the central axis line U of the support column 2 as shown in FIG. there is Inside the hub 5A, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. are concentrically connected to opposite ends of rotating shafts 4E and 4F facing forward and backward through connectors 5D and 5D.

In FIG. 4, the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is positioned between the rearwardly protruding rotating shaft 4E of the front generator 4C and the forwardly protruding rotating shaft 4F of the rear generator 4D. Respective tip portions of the forward rotating shaft 5B and the rearward rotating shaft 5C are concentrically rotatably connected via connectors 5D, 5D.

The front and rear generators 4C and 4D are of the same type, and only the direction in which the rotating shafts 4E and 4F protrude is changed. Therefore, the front and rear generators 4C and 4D are rotated in the same direction by the rotation of the horizontal shaft rotor 5, and generate power equally.

Electricity generated by the front and rear generators 4C and 4D is supplied to a storage battery (not shown) provided in the lower column 2 by a cord (not shown) passing inside the front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D of the rotary support 3. to be stored in the storage battery or distributed elsewhere.

In the horizontal shaft rotor 5, the respective rotating shafts 5B and 5C protruding to the opposite sides in the front and rear of the hub 5A are not supported by bearings, so that frictional resistance by the bearings is not applied, and the front and rear generators 4C, 4C and 5C are directly connected to each other. Since it is concentrically directly connected to the rotation shafts 4E and 4F of 4D, it is difficult to cause blurring, and the efficiency of generating power by directly transmitting the wind power to the generators 4C and 4D increases.

In addition, even if the same amount of power is generated, a large generator is difficult to start at low wind speeds, resulting in a time loss. Because the wind speed is not constant and stops, the amount of power generated within a certain period of time in the repetition is greater for the small generator due to the faster start-up, and the power generation efficiency is lower. increase.

A rudder 7 is erected vertically on the upper surface of the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4, and the lower surface of the rear end portion 4B is in contact with the rear rod 3D of the rotation support 3. , the lower rudder 8 is arranged vertically long in the front-to-rear direction.
As a result, the rotary support 3 instantly rotates even when the direction of the wind changes, and the front of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is always turned upwind to receive the wind force in front of the lift blades 6, thereby generating electricity with high efficiency. can be made

The horizontal shaft rotor 5 has eight lifting blades 6 arranged at regular intervals on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A in a front view. However, the number of lift blades 6 is not limited to this number, and unlike conventional blades, the lift blades 6 have a special shape, so even if a large number of lift blades are arranged, they pass between the lift blades before and after rotation. Interference with air currents is less likely to occur, and as a result, rotation with high rotational torque can be achieved even at low wind speeds.

That is, as shown in a plan view in FIG. 6, the trailing edge 6c of the tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is on the locus of rotation R of the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A. Since the front edge 6B projects obliquely forward from the front end surface 5E of the hub 5A, the airflow passing along the rotation rear surface 6F is directed not in the rotation rearward direction of the lift blades 6, but in the horizontal axis direction. Since the rotor 6 passes along the peripheral surface of the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4 in the rearward direction, the air currents passing between the lift blades 6 are less likely to interfere with each other.

As shown in FIG. 4, the front surface of the lift blade 6 is parallel to the blade centerline S passing through the center of the hub 4, and the leading edge 6B faces the front and is parallel to the blade tip. The trailing edge 6C is bent in the rearward direction, and the trailing edge 6C is gradually inclined in the rotationally rearward direction from the base 6A toward the blade tip. It is shaped like a bird's beak and is thin and oblong facing the front.

In FIG. 5, the trailing edge 6c of the wing tip surface 6D is outside the rotational locus V of the leading edge 6E at the center of the thickness of the leading edge 6B of the wing tip surface 6D. 6, the airflow passing from the base 6A toward the blade tip surface 6D along the rotating rear surface 6F passes outward at the trailing edge 6c. That is, it passes in the rearward direction of the rear end portion 4B along parallel to the peripheral surface of the wind turbine housing 4 in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the locus of rotation T of the leading edge 6B of the tip surface 6D of the blade is located in front of the locus of rotation X of the tip surface 5E of the hub 5A. The rotational trajectory R of the trailing edge 6c of 6D overlaps the rotational trajectory R of the front and rear center of the hub 5A.

This indicates that the blade tip surface 6D protrudes in the front direction from the center of the base portion 6A in plan view, and the airflow hitting the rotation rear surface 6F near the blade tip surface 6D is enclosed by the frame. It passes from the trailing edge 6C of the rotating rear surface 6F to the rear direction to increase the rotation efficiency.

The rear surface 6F of the lift blade 6 with respect to the rotation direction of the base 6A (appearing on the front in FIGS. 1 and 5) is the axis of the wind turbine housing 4, as shown in FIG. It is fixed to the hub 4 parallel to W, and the cross section indicated by reference numeral 31 at the position of the axial center line W in FIG. The rear edge 6C of the rear edge 6C of the lifting blade 6 with respect to the axis W of 4 is inclined in the range of 38 degrees to 40 degrees in the rear rotation direction.

The cross section indicated by reference numeral 32 in FIG. 3 shows the 32-32 line cross section in FIG. The trailing edge 6C is slanted inward.

That is, in the lift blade 6, the rear surface 6F of the base 6A is parallel to the axis W of the wind turbine housing 4, but the trailing edge 6C rotates more than the leading edge 6B toward the tip of the blade. Inclining in the rearward direction, the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is inclined in the frontward direction to the rotational locus R of the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A.

As a result, the airflow impinging on the lift blades 6 from the front flows rearward along the axis W of the wind turbine housing 4 at the base 6A, and the trailing edge 6C moves toward the wind turbine housing as it goes toward the tip of the blade. 4 and approach the axis U of the support 2 .

As can be clearly seen in the cross section of the lift blade 6 in FIG. 3, the rotation front face 6G facing the rotation front of the lift blade 6 swells greatly from the front edge 6B to the center of the chord. Since the airflow along the rotating front surface 6G passes at high speed toward the rear side of the axis W of the wind turbine housing 4 due to the Coanda effect, the air pressure generated on the rotating front surface 6G is lower than the pressure generated on the rotating rear surface 6F. Due to this air pressure difference, it is pulled toward the front of the rotation and rotates at high speed.

In addition, since the airflow along the rotation front surface 6G of the lift type blade 6 passes at high speed, even if the number of the lift type blades 6 is large, the airflow generated by the front and rear rotation of the lift type blade 6 during rotation is unlikely to interfere with each other. Rotational efficiency is high even when the wind speed is low, and the rotational torque of the rotor 5 is strong.

As shown in plan in FIG. 6, the lift blades 6 are tipped upward, the base 6A is centered on the hub 5A, but the trailing edge 6c of the tip rotates from the center of said base 6A. The large rearward separation is very different from the conventional longitudinal blades that form a forward bevel.

Therefore, unlike the forward inclined portion of a conventional vertically elongated blade having a forward inclined portion, the blade tip surface 6D at the blade tip is horizontally elongated in a front view, and the leading edge of the blade tip surface 6D is formed in a plan view. 6B is behind the base portion 6A and protrudes frontward from the front surface 5A of the hub 5A, and in a plan view, the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is on the rotation locus R of the center of the base portion 6A, and is rotated. Since the trailing edge 6C of the trailing surface 6F is inclined in the rearward direction, the middle of the length of the trailing edge 6C protrudes in the rearward direction more than the rear surface of the base portion 6A, and extends toward the tip of the blade tip surface 6D. The trailing edge 6c protrudes in the front direction.

In this way, the lift blade 6 is inclined in the rearward direction from the leading edge 6B to the trailing edge 6C until the middle of its length, and bends from the middle of the length of the lift blade 6 to form a wing. To the end, it gradually extends toward the rear of the front rotation, and the tip surface 6D of the wing projects the front edge 6B forward from the front surface 5E of the hub 5A, more than half the length of the lift blade 6, The part extending to the tip of the wing envelops the airflow hitting the front and allows the airflow to pass collectively in the direction behind the tip of the wing behind the rotation, so it is possible to increase the rotation efficiency and power generation efficiency even at low wind speeds.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The horizontal axis wind turbine, horizontal axis rotor, and rotor blades according to the present invention have high rotational efficiency and high rotational torque even at low wind speeds, and are therefore used in wind turbine generators. Horizontal shaft rotors and rotor blades can also be used for hydroelectric power plants.

1. Horizontal axis wind turbine2. struts3. Rotating support 3A. Axle 3B. Base 3C. Front rod 3D. rear rod4. Wind turbine housing 4A. front end 4B. rear end 4C. Forward generator 4D. rear generator 4E. Rear rotation shaft 4F. forward rotating shaft 5 . Lateral shaft rotor 5A. Hub 5B. Forward rotating shaft 5C. Backward rotating shaft 5D. Connector 5E. Front end face6. Lifting blades 6A. Base 6B. leading edge 6C. trailing edge 6D. Blade tip surface 6E. Rotating front end 6F. After rotation surface 6G. 7. Rotating front face. Rudder
8. Lower rudder R. Hub center rotation trajectory (blade tip trailing edge rotation trajectory)
S. blade centerline T.D. Leading edge center rotation trajectory of blade tip face U. strut axis V. Rotational trajectory of leading edge of blade tip surface W. Wind turbine housing axis X. Rotation locus of front end face of hub Y. Rear end face rotation locus of hub

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a horizontal-axis wind turbine, a horizontal-axis rotor, and rotor blades, which are less susceptible to interference of airflows passing during rotation, have excellent rotation performance, and have high rotational torque even at low wind speeds.

A horizontal axis rotor of a horizontal axis wind turbine is described, for example, in Patent Document 1.

JP 2018-40304

In the horizontal shaft rotor described in Patent Document 1, the front shape of the blade has a maximum chord length portion in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction, and a laterally inclined portion that is greatly bent in the post-rotation direction from the maximum chord length portion to the blade tip. The laterally inclined portion is inclined forward from the maximum chord length portion to the tip of the blade in a side view. As a result, the airflow that hits the front of the blade gathers at the maximum chord length and passes in the backward rotation direction of the rotor, increasing the rotation efficiency. If there are many blades in this air flow passage direction, interference occurs, so it is difficult to increase the efficiency in a low wind speed region.
The present invention is to provide a horizontal-axis wind turbine, a horizontal-axis rotor, and rotor blades, which have high rotational efficiency and high rotational torque even at low wind speeds, with little interference of airflows passing between the blades even if the number of blades is increased. purpose.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical measures.

(1) In a configuration in which the wind turbine housing 4 is horizontally supported by the rotating support 3 rotatably disposed on the column 2, the front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D of the rotating support 3 are erected. The front end portion 4A of the wind turbine housing 4 is horizontally supported by the rod 3C, and the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing is horizontally supported by the rear rod 3D. Between the rear end portions 4B, the horizontal rotor 5 is disposed so that the center of the front and rear and the width of the hub 5A overlaps the support shaft center line U of the support 2, and the front end portion of the wind turbine housing 4 Generators 4C and 4D are arranged at 4A and the rear end portion 4B, respectively, so that their respective rotation shafts 4E and 4F are on the same axis, and the horizontal rotation shafts 4E and 4F are arranged between the front and rear rotation shafts 4E and 4F. The front and rear ends of rotary shafts 5B and 5C fixed to the center of the hub 5A of the shaft rotor 5 are connected to make the horizontal shaft rotor 5 coaxially rotatable. A plurality of lift type blades 6 are fixed to the peripheral surface of the hub 5A at regular intervals in a radial direction, and in a front view with the wing tips of the lift type blades 6 facing upward, the lift type blades 6, the center of the thickness of the front edge 6B is along the blade center line S passing through the axis of the hub 5A, and the rotation front surface 6G of the front edge 6B is formed parallel to the blade center line S. and the rotating front surface 6G is greatly bent in the rotation rearward direction from the middle of the blade length to the blade tip, and the leading edge 6B is thick and the blade tip surface 6D, which is thin and sharp toward the trailing edge 6C, is elongated in the front side. The trailing edge 6C from the base portion 6A to the tip of the blade gradually inclines in the backward direction of rotation and bends sharply as it approaches the tip surface 6D of the blade. The trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed so as to be outside the rotation locus V of 6E, and the rotation rear surface 6F from the base 6A to the blade tip surface 6D is visible from the front, A horizontal axis wind turbine formed so that the locus of rotation of the trailing edge 6c on the blade tip surface 6D overlaps the support axis U of the support 2.

(2) The rotational trajectory V of the leading edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is longer than the rotational trajectory X of the front end surface 5E of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 in plan view. The locus of rotation of the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 overlaps with the locus of rotation R of the hub 5A of the rotor 5 in the front-rear direction. The horizontal axis wind turbine according to (1) above, in which the lift blades 6 are formed.

(3) A plurality of lifting blades 6 are arranged radially at regular intervals on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A from which the front and rear ends of the rotary shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 protrude forward and backward. The base end surface of the base 6A of each lifting blade 6 in plan view has a shape in which the front edge is thick and gradually becomes thinner toward the rear end, and the front and rear of the base 6A are aligned with the front and rear axis of the hub 5A. In a front view with the wing tip of the lift blade 6 facing upward, the thickness center of the front edge 6B of the base portion 6A of the lift blade 6 is set so as to pass through the axis of the hub 5A. A rotating front surface 6G facing the rotating direction of the leading edge 6B is formed parallel to the blade centerline S along the centerline S, and from the middle of the length of the lift type blade 6 to the tip of the blade. The blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is formed substantially horizontally toward the front by greatly bending in the rearward direction of rotation, and the blade tip surface 6D is thick at the leading edge 6B portion and extends to the trailing edge end 6c. so that the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is outside the rotational trajectory V of the leading edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D, and the base 6A of the lift blade 6 A horizontal shaft rotor in which the entire rotation rear face 6F, which is the rear in the direction of rotation, is visible from the front to the tip face 6D.

(4) The horizontal shaft rotor 5 is supported between the front end and the rear end of the wind turbine housing 4 that is long in the front-rear direction, with the front and rear rotation shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A facing forward and backward. Front and rear rotating shafts 4C and 4D of the front and rear generators 4C and 4D, in which front and rear rotating shafts 5B and 5C protruding forward and backward from the center of the hub are mounted inside the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing. The horizontal shaft rotor according to (3) above, which is concentrically connected to the ends of 5B and 5C via connecting tools 5D and 5D.

(5) The lift blade 6 in the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is fixed to the hub 5A, and in a front view with the blade tip facing vertically upward, the center of the thickness of the base 6A of the lift blade 6 is The blade centerline S passing through is set to pass through the axis of the hub 5A, the front edge 6B of the lift type blade 6 is directed to the front, and the rotation front surface 6G at the time of rotation is parallel to the blade centerline S and set to the front of rotation. As a result, the trailing edge 6C rises obliquely toward the tip of the blade, and from the middle of the blade length to the tip of the blade, it is greatly bent in the backward rotation direction, and the tip surface 6D of the blade appears horizontally and horizontally in front. The trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed so as to be outside the rotational locus V of the leading edge 6E of the leading edge 6B of the blade tip surface 6D, and from the base portion 6A to the blade tip surface 6D. The rotation rear surface 6F is formed so that the whole can be seen from the front, and the plane view of the lifting blade 6 is such that the rotation front surface 6G has a semi-circular shape with a wide rear portion and a trailing edge 6c that is pointed. A rotor blade in which a rotational trajectory T of the leading edge 6B on the blade tip surface 6D protrudes frontward from a rotational trajectory X of the front end surface 5E of the hub 5A.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the following effects are exhibited.

In the invention described in (1) above, the horizontal rotor 5 protrudes its rotary shafts 5B and 5C forward and backward, and the front and rear rotary shafts 5B and 5C are arranged between the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4. Since both sides are supported in the middle, the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is less likely to vibrate and can be stably rotated.
Since the horizontal shaft rotor 5 has a plurality of lifting blades 6 arranged on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A, it has a large wind receiving area, high rotational efficiency even at low wind speeds, and high rotational torque.
When a plurality of lift blades 6 are arranged, interference of air currents generated between the lift blades 6 occurs as the horizontal shaft rotor 5 rotates, resulting in reduced rotational efficiency or noise. Since the shape of the lift blade 6 is formed into an unprecedented special shape, it is eliminated.
That is, the lift type blade 6 has a front face facing upwind and a base portion 6A facing upward in the front-to-back direction. formed vertically. A front edge 6B of the lifting blade 6 facing in the rotational direction is formed parallel to the center line S of the blade, and is bent in the backward direction from the middle of the length toward the tip of the blade. , the wing tip surface 6D is formed so as to look oblong in the front. In the portion near the tip of the lift blade 6 that rotates at high speed in the centrifugal portion during rotation, wind resistance is less likely to be applied, and the passing airflow becomes high speed due to the Coanda effect, and as a result, it passes with negative pressure. , even if the arrangement interval of the lift blades 6 before and after the rotation on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A is narrow, interference of passing air currents is unlikely to occur.
The lift-type blade 6 is formed so that a rotation rear surface 6F, which rotates in the rearward direction during rotation from the base portion 6A to the blade tip surface 6D, can be seen from the front. That is, the airflow that hits the front of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 hits the rear rotation surface 6F of the lift blade 6, slides on the oblique surface, passes obliquely in the rear rotation direction, and pushes the lift blade 6 in the rotation direction. to rotate the horizontal shaft rotor 5 . In this case, the airflow moving in the centrifugal direction from the base portion 6A of the lift blade 6 obliquely passes in the rearward direction in the direction of the rotation axis 5B at the trailing edge 6c portion of the blade tip surface 6D projecting in the frontward direction. As a result, the lift type blade 6 is strongly pushed in the direction of the front edge 6B at the centrifugal portion of the lift type blade 6 to rotate.

In the invention described in (2) above, the rotational trajectory V of the leading edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is the same as that of the front end surface 5E of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5. The trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed so as to be located forward in front of the rotational locus X in plan view, and the rotational locus R of the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is the rotational locus of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 at the front-rear center of the hub 5A. Since the lift blade 6 is formed so as to overlap R, the wing tip surface 6D, which is visible in front when viewed from the front, protrudes forward from the locus of rotation R at the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A, and at the same time, is flat. As can be seen, the tip surface 6D of the blade is inclined rearward from the leading edge 6E to the trailing edge 6c, and follows the airflow hitting the rotating rear surface 6F at the tip of the lift blade 6. Rotational efficiency is enhanced by passing along the airflow passing at high speed along the rotation front face 6G of the lift type blade 6. - 特許庁

In the invention described in the above (3), a plurality of lift blades 6 are provided on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A from which the front and rear ends of the rotation shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 protrude forward and backward. The bases 6A of the lifting blades 6 are fixed in the radial direction at regular intervals, and the bases 6A of the lift blades 6 have a shape in which the leading edge is thick and gradually becomes thinner toward the trailing edge. Since it is set along the longitudinal axis W of 5A, the base portion 6A is longitudinally long, allowing the airflow from the front to pass through with little resistance, thereby increasing the rotation efficiency.
In a front view with the tip of the lift blade 6 facing upward, the thickness center of the leading edge 6B of the base portion 6A of the lift blade 6 is aligned with the blade center line S passing through the axis of the hub 5A. In this state, the rotation front surface 6G facing the rotation direction of the leading edge 6B is formed parallel to the blade center line S, and the lift type blade 6 is bent greatly in the rotation rearward direction from the middle of the length of the lift type blade 6 to the wing tip. Since the wing tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is formed to face the front and is substantially horizontally oblong, when viewed from the front, the front surface 6G of rotation of the lift blade 6 is vertical, and the trailing edge 6C extends from the base 6A. Since it is inclined toward the tip of the blade in the post-rotation direction, and the post-rotation surface 6F spreads toward the tip of the blade, the wind receiving area is wide at the centrifugal portion, so the rotational torque increases.
The leading edge 6B portion of the blade tip surface 6D is thick and pointed toward the trailing edge 6c. Since it is designed to be on the outside, the airflow that hits the rear surface 6F escapes to the outside at the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D and is pushed toward the front edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D by reaction. Since the entire rear rotation surface 6F, which is the rear in the rotation direction from the base 6A of the lift blade 6 to the wing tip surface 6D, is visible from the front, most of the airflow that hits the lift blade 6 from the front is rotating. Since it hits the rear surface 6F, passes obliquely behind, and rotates the lift blade 6 as a reaction, the rotation efficiency is high.

The horizontal rotor 6 in the invention described in (4) above is arranged between the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4 that is long in the front-rear direction, with the rotating shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A facing front-rear. Since the hub 5A is supported on both sides, it is less likely to vibrate and the rotational stability is improved. Front and rear generators of the same type in which front and rear rotation shafts 5B and 5C protruding forward and backward from the hub 5A are internally mounted in the front and rear ends 4A and 4B of the wind turbine housing 4, respectively. Since the ends of the rotating shafts 4E and 4F of 4C and 4D are concentrically connected via connecting tools 5D and 5D, shaking is less likely to occur and they are applied to the front and rear rotating shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A. The load of the generators 4C and 4D is even, and the smooth rotation increases the power generation efficiency associated with the rotation efficiency.

The lift type blade 6 in the horizontal shaft rotor 5 in the invention described in (5) has a blade center passing through the center of the thickness of the base 6A of the lift type blade 6 in a front view with the blade tip facing vertically upward. The line S passes through the axis of the hub 5A, the front edge 6B of the lift blade 6 faces the front, and the rotation front surface 6G during rotation is parallel to the blade center line S and is set forward in rotation, The trailing edge 6C rises obliquely toward the rear rotation direction of the blade tip, and is greatly bent in the rear rotation direction from the middle of the blade length to the blade tip, and the blade tip surface 6D appears horizontally and horizontally in front. , the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed to be outside the rotational locus V of the leading edge 6E of the leading edge 6B of the blade tip surface 6D. A front edge 6B of 6D protrudes forward in the front direction so as to envelop and capture the airflow received in the front direction, and the airflow passes outward from the rear edge end 6c facing the outside of the rear surface in the rear rotation direction.
Since the rear rotation surface 6F extending from the base 6A to the blade tip surface 6D is formed so that the whole can be seen from the front, the airflow that hits from the front is received by this rotation rear surface 6F, and flows from the base 6A to the blade tip. As it moves, it strikes the wing tip surface 6D protruding forward in a horizontal direction, passes obliquely rearward from the trailing edge 6C, and rotates the lift blade 6 as a reaction.
In a plan view of the lift blade 6, the front surface 6G of rotation is a semi-circular shape that spreads toward the rear of the rotation, and is sharpened toward the trailing edge 6c following the front surface 6G. , protrudes in the front direction beyond the locus of rotation X of the front end face 5E of the hub 5A. Increases rotation efficiency by allowing airflow to pass in the direction.

1 is a front view of Example 1 of a horizontal axis wind turbine of the present invention; FIG. The left side in the side view of FIG. 1 is the front. The left side in the plan view of FIG. 1 is the front. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the wind turbine housing in FIG. 3; FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of the lifting blade in FIG. 1; FIG. 6 is a plan view of the lifting blade in FIG. 5;

One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, a horizontal axis wind turbine 1 rotatably supports a rotation support 3 on the top of a column 2 . The rotary support 3 is formed in a substantially U shape by a base portion 3B which is long in the front-rear direction in a side view on the shaft portion 3A, and a front rod 3C and a rear rod 3D which rise upward at the front and rear ends. The front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D are formed in a substantially fish-like cross-sectional shape in which the front portion is thicker and the rear end is thinner. As a result, the airflow that strikes the front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D from the front passes through with little resistance.

A hollow front end portion 4A and a rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4 are fixedly supported on the upper portion of the rotary support 3 with a predetermined gap therebetween. The wind turbine housing 4 has a front end 4A fixedly supported on the front rod 3C of the rotary support 3 and a rear end 4B fixedly supported on the rear rod 3D of the rotary support 3. Inside the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion 4B, as shown in FIG. 4, generators 4C and 4D of the same type are installed concentrically with the tips of rotating shafts 4E and 4F opposed to each other. It is

The central portion of the wind turbine housing 4 is a hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5, and the rotational locus R of the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A is set on the central axis line U of the support column 2 as shown in FIG. there is Inside the hub 5A, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. are concentrically connected to opposite ends of rotating shafts 4E and 4F facing forward and backward through connectors 5D and 5D.

In FIG. 4, the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is positioned between the rearwardly protruding rotating shaft 4E of the front generator 4C and the forwardly protruding rotating shaft 4F of the rear generator 4D. Respective tip portions of the forward rotating shaft 5B and the rearward rotating shaft 5C are concentrically rotatably connected via connectors 5D, 5D.

The front and rear generators 4C and 4D are of the same type, and only the direction in which the rotating shafts 4E and 4F protrude is changed. Therefore, the front and rear generators 4C and 4D are rotated in the same direction by the rotation of the horizontal shaft rotor 5, and generate power equally.

Electricity generated by the front and rear generators 4C and 4D is supplied to a storage battery (not shown) provided in the lower column 2 by a cord (not shown) passing inside the front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D of the rotary support 3. to be stored in the storage battery or distributed elsewhere.

In the horizontal shaft rotor 5, the respective rotating shafts 5B and 5C protruding to the opposite sides in the front and rear of the hub 5A are not supported by bearings, so that frictional resistance by the bearings is not applied, and the front and rear generators 4C, 4C and 5C are directly connected to each other. Since it is concentrically directly connected to the rotation shafts 4E and 4F of 4D, it is difficult to cause blurring, and the efficiency of generating power by directly transmitting the wind power to the generators 4C and 4D increases.

In addition, even if the same amount of power is generated, a large generator is difficult to start at low wind speeds, resulting in a time loss. Because the wind speed is not constant and stops, the amount of power generated within a certain period of time in the repetition is greater for the small generator due to the faster start-up, and the power generation efficiency is lower. increase.

A rudder 7 is erected vertically on the upper surface of the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4, and the lower surface of the rear end portion 4B is in contact with the rear rod 3D of the rotation support 3. , the lower rudder 8 is arranged vertically long in the front-to-rear direction.
As a result, the rotary support 3 instantly rotates even when the direction of the wind changes, and the front of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is always turned upwind to receive the wind force in front of the lift blades 6, thereby generating electricity with high efficiency. can be made

The horizontal shaft rotor 5 has eight lifting blades 6 arranged at regular intervals on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A in a front view. However, the number of lift blades 6 is not limited to this number, and unlike conventional blades, the lift blades 6 have a special shape, so even if a large number of lift blades are arranged, they pass between the lift blades before and after rotation. Interference with air currents is less likely to occur, and as a result, rotation with high rotational torque can be achieved even at low wind speeds.

That is, as shown in a plan view in FIG. 6, the trailing edge 6c of the tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is on the locus of rotation R of the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A. Since the front edge 6B projects obliquely forward from the front end surface 5E of the hub 5A, the airflow passing along the rotation rear surface 6F is directed not in the rotation rearward direction of the lift blades 6, but in the horizontal axis direction. Since the rotor 6 passes along the peripheral surface of the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing 4 in the rearward direction, the air currents passing between the lift blades 6 are less likely to interfere with each other.

As shown in FIG. 4, the front surface of the lift blade 6 is parallel to the blade centerline S passing through the center of the hub 4, and the leading edge 6B faces the front and is parallel to the blade tip. The trailing edge 6C is bent in the rearward direction, and the trailing edge 6C is gradually inclined in the rotationally rearward direction from the base 6A toward the blade tip. It is shaped like a bird's beak and is thin and oblong facing the front.

In FIG. 5, the trailing edge 6c of the wing tip surface 6D is outside the rotational locus V of the leading edge 6E at the center of the thickness of the leading edge 6B of the wing tip surface 6D. 6, the airflow passing from the base 6A toward the blade tip surface 6D along the rotating rear surface 6F passes outward at the trailing edge 6c. That is, it passes in the rearward direction of the rear end portion 4B along parallel to the peripheral surface of the wind turbine housing 4 in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the locus of rotation T of the leading edge 6B of the tip surface 6D of the blade is located in front of the locus of rotation X of the tip surface 5E of the hub 5A. The rotational trajectory R of the trailing edge 6c of 6D overlaps the rotational trajectory R of the front and rear center of the hub 5A.

This indicates that the blade tip surface 6D protrudes in the front direction from the center of the base portion 6A in plan view, and the airflow hitting the rotation rear surface 6F near the blade tip surface 6D is enclosed by the frame. It passes from the trailing edge 6C of the rotating rear surface 6F to the rear direction to increase the rotation efficiency.

The rear surface 6F of the lift blade 6 with respect to the rotation direction of the base 6A (appearing on the front in FIGS. 1 and 5) is the axis of the wind turbine housing 4, as shown in FIG. It is fixed to the hub 4 parallel to W, and the cross section indicated by reference numeral 31 at the position of the axial center line W in FIG. The rear edge 6C of the rear edge 6C of the lifting blade 6 with respect to the axis W of 4 is inclined in the range of 38 degrees to 40 degrees in the rear rotation direction.

The cross section indicated by reference numeral 32 in FIG. 3 shows the 32-32 line cross section in FIG. The trailing edge 6C is slanted inward.

That is, in the lift blade 6, the rear surface 6F of the base 6A is parallel to the axis W of the wind turbine housing 4, but the trailing edge 6C rotates more than the leading edge 6B toward the tip of the blade. Inclining in the rearward direction, the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is inclined in the frontward direction to the rotational locus R of the center of the front and rear of the hub 5A.

As a result, the airflow impinging on the lift blades 6 from the front flows rearward along the axis W of the wind turbine housing 4 at the base 6A, and the trailing edge 6C moves toward the wind turbine housing as it goes toward the tip of the blade. 4 and approach the axis U of the support 2 .

As can be clearly seen in the cross section of the lift blade 6 in FIG. 3, the rotation front face 6G facing the rotation front of the lift blade 6 swells greatly from the front edge 6B to the center of the chord. Since the airflow along the rotating front surface 6G passes at high speed toward the rear side of the axis W of the wind turbine housing 4 due to the Coanda effect, the air pressure generated on the rotating front surface 6G is lower than the pressure generated on the rotating rear surface 6F. Due to this air pressure difference, it is pulled toward the front of the rotation and rotates at high speed.

In addition, since the airflow along the rotation front surface 6G of the lift type blade 6 passes at high speed, even if the number of the lift type blades 6 is large, the airflow generated by the front and rear rotation of the lift type blade 6 during rotation is unlikely to interfere with each other. Rotational efficiency is high even when the wind speed is low, and the rotational torque of the rotor 5 is strong.

As shown in plan in FIG. 6, the lift blades 6 are tipped upward, the base 6A is centered on the hub 5A, but the trailing edge 6c of the tip rotates from the center of said base 6A. The large rearward separation is very different from the conventional longitudinal blades that form a forward bevel.

Therefore, unlike the forward inclined portion of a conventional vertically elongated blade having a forward inclined portion, the blade tip surface 6D at the blade tip is horizontally elongated in a front view, and the leading edge of the blade tip surface 6D is formed in a plan view. 6B is behind the base portion 6A and protrudes frontward from the front surface 5A of the hub 5A, and in a plan view, the trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is on the rotation locus R of the center of the base portion 6A, and is rotated. Since the trailing edge 6C of the trailing surface 6F is inclined in the rearward direction, the middle of the length of the trailing edge 6C protrudes in the rearward direction more than the rear surface of the base portion 6A, and extends toward the tip of the blade tip surface 6D. The trailing edge 6c protrudes in the front direction.

In this way, the lift blade 6 is inclined in the rearward direction from the leading edge 6B to the trailing edge 6C until the middle of its length, and bends from the middle of the length of the lift blade 6 to form a wing. To the end, it gradually extends toward the rear of the front rotation, and the tip surface 6D of the wing projects the front edge 6B forward from the front surface 5E of the hub 5A, more than half the length of the lift blade 6, The part extending to the tip of the wing envelops the airflow hitting the front and allows the airflow to pass collectively in the direction behind the tip of the wing behind the rotation, so it is possible to increase the rotation efficiency and power generation efficiency even at low wind speeds.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The horizontal axis wind turbine, horizontal axis rotor, and rotor blades according to the present invention have high rotational efficiency and high rotational torque even at low wind speeds, and are therefore used in wind turbine generators. Horizontal shaft rotors and rotor blades can also be used for hydroelectric power plants.

1. Horizontal axis wind turbine2. struts3. Rotating support 3A. Axle 3B. Base 3C. Front rod 3D. rear rod4. Wind turbine housing 4A. front end 4B. rear end 4C. Forward generator 4D. rear generator 4E. Rear rotation shaft 4F. forward rotating shaft 5 . Lateral shaft rotor 5A. Hub 5B. Forward rotating shaft 5C. Backward rotating shaft 5D. Connector 5E. Front end face6. Lifting blades 6A. Base 6B. leading edge 6C. trailing edge 6c. trailing edge 6D. Blade tip surface 6E. Leading edge 6F. Rotating back surface 6G. 7. Rotating front face. Rudder
8. Lower rudder R. Hub center rotation trajectory (blade tip trailing edge rotation trajectory)
S. blade centerline T.D. Leading edge center rotation trajectory of blade tip face U. strut axis V. Rotational trajectory of leading edge of blade tip surface W. Wind turbine housing axis X. Rotation locus of front end face of hub Y. Rear end face rotation locus of hub

Claims (5)

In a configuration in which the wind turbine housing 4 is horizontally supported by the rotary support 3 rotatably disposed on the column 2, the front rod 3C and the rear rod 3D of the rotary support 3 are erected. The front end portion 4A of the wind turbine housing 4 is horizontally supported, the rear rod 3D supports the rear end portion 4B of the wind turbine housing horizontally, and the front end portion 4A and the rear end portion of the wind turbine housing 4 are supported. 4B, a horizontal rotor 5 is disposed so that the center of the front and rear and the width of the hub 5A overlaps with the axis U of the support 2, and the front end 4A and the rear end of the wind turbine housing 4 are arranged. Generators 4C and 4D are arranged in 4B so that their rotary shafts 4E and 4F are on the same axis, and a hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is placed between the front and rear rotary shafts 4E and 4F. The horizontal shaft rotor 5 is made coaxially rotatable by connecting the front and rear ends of the rotary shafts 5B and 5C fixed to the center, and the horizontal shaft rotor 5 is arranged in the state that the rotary shafts 5B and 5C are oriented forward and backward. A plurality of lift-type blades 6 are fixed radially on the peripheral surface of the hub 5A at regular intervals, and in a front view with the wing tips of the lift-type blades 6 facing upward, the base 6A of the lift-type blade 6 is: The center of the thickness of the leading edge 6B is along the blade center line S passing through the axis of the hub 5A, and the rotating front surface 6G of the leading edge 6B is formed parallel to the axis S and is midway in blade length. The front surface 6G of rotation is greatly bent in the rear rotation direction from the tip to the tip of the blade, so that the front edge 6B is thick and the blade tip surface 6D, which is thin and sharp toward the trailing edge 6C, looks like a front side oblong, and the base 6A The trailing edge 6C from the tip of the blade gradually inclines in the backward direction of rotation and bends sharply as it approaches the tip surface 6D of the blade. is also formed so that the trailing edge 6C of the blade tip surface 6D is on the outside, and the rotation rear surface 6F from the base portion 6A to the blade tip surface 6D is visible from the front, and the blade tip surface 6D has the A horizontal axis wind turbine, wherein the locus of rotation of the trailing edge 6c is formed so as to overlap with the axial center line U of the strut 2. The rotational trajectory V of the leading edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D of the lift blade 6 is formed so as to be located forward of the rotational trajectory X of the front end surface of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5. The lift blades 6 are formed so that the locus R of rotation of the trailing edge 6C on the blade tip surface 6D of 6 overlaps the locus of rotation of the front-rear center of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5. A horizontal axis wind turbine according to claim 1. A plurality of lift type blades 6 are fixed at regular intervals in the radial direction to the peripheral surface of the hub 5A projecting forward and backward from the front and rear ends of the rotary shafts 5B and 5C of the hub 5A of the horizontal shaft rotor 5. , the base end surface of the base portion 6A of each lift type blade 6 has a shape in which the front portion is thick and gradually becomes thinner toward the rear end, and the front and rear portions of the base portion 6A are fixed to the hub peripheral surface along the longitudinal axis of the hub 5A, In a front view with the tip of the lift blade 6 facing upward, the thickness center of the front edge 6B of the base portion 6A of the lift blade 6 is aligned with the blade center line S passing through the axis of the hub 5A. In this state, a rotation front surface 6G facing the rotation direction of the leading edge 6B is formed parallel to the blade center line S, and is greatly bent in the rotation rearward direction from the middle of the length of the lift blade to the wing tip. The tip surface 6D of the lift type blade 6 is formed substantially horizontally toward the front, and the tip surface 6D is thick at the leading edge 6B and pointed toward the trailing edge 6C. The direction of rotation from the base 6A of the lift blade 6 to the wing tip surface 6D is set so that the trailing edge 6E of the blade tip surface 6D is outside the rotational trajectory of the leading edge 6E of the tip surface 6D. A horizontal shaft rotor characterized in that the rear rotation surface 6F, which is the rear of the rotor, is visible from the front. The horizontal rotor is supported between the front end and the rear end of a wind turbine housing that is long in the front-rear direction, with the rotation axis of the hub facing forward and backward. is concentrically connected to the front and rear ends of the rotating shafts of the front and rear generators installed in the front and rear ends of the wind turbine housing through connectors. 4. The horizontal shaft rotor according to claim 3, characterized by: A blade center line S passing through the center of the thickness of the base portion 6A of the lift blade 6 in a front view of the lifting blade in the horizontal shaft rotor fixed to the hub 5A with the blade tip facing vertically upward. passes through the axis of the hub 5A, the front edge 6B of the lift blade 6 is directed to the front, and the front surface 6G of rotation during rotation is set in parallel to the center line S of the blade, and the trailing edge 6C rises obliquely toward the blade tip, and from the middle of the blade length to the blade tip, it is greatly bent in the backward rotation direction, and the blade tip surface 6D appears horizontally and horizontally in front, and the blade tip surface 6D The trailing edge 6c of the blade tip surface 6D is formed so as to be outside the rotation locus V of the leading edge 6E of the leading edge 6B, and the rotation rear surface 6F from the base 6A to the blade tip surface 6D is The lift type blade 6 is formed so that it can be seen from the front as a whole, and when viewed from above, the rotating front surface 6G has a semicircular shape with a wide rear portion, and is sharpened toward the trailing edge 6c following it, and the wing tip surface 6D. A rotor blade characterized in that the locus of rotation T of the front edge 6B in the above projects further forward than the locus of rotation X of the front end face 5E of the hub 5A.

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