JP2022106563A - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022106563A JP2022106563A JP2021001656A JP2021001656A JP2022106563A JP 2022106563 A JP2022106563 A JP 2022106563A JP 2021001656 A JP2021001656 A JP 2021001656A JP 2021001656 A JP2021001656 A JP 2021001656A JP 2022106563 A JP2022106563 A JP 2022106563A
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- bottom layer
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1に係る半導体装置100の断面図である。図2は、実施の形態1に係る半導体装置100の別の断面図である。図3は、図1、2をY1-Y1直線で切断することで得られる断面図である。なお、図1は図3をZ1-Z1直線で切断することで得られる断面図であり、図2は図3をZ2-Z2直線で切断することで得られる断面図である。半導体装置100は、例えば絶縁ゲート型バイポーラトランジスタ(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor:IGBT)である。
図17は、実施の形態2に係る半導体装置200aの断面図である。半導体装置200aは、ドリフト層9のうち第1ボトム層31の下に設けられたp型の第2ボトム層32を備える。また、第1ボトム層31の下方に2つ以上のボトム層が設けられても良い。基板の厚さ方向に並ぶボトム層の数を増やすことで、電界を緩和する効果を向上できる。図17に示される例では、第1ボトム層31と第2ボトム層32は接している。
図38は、実施の形態3に係る半導体装置300aの断面図である。半導体装置300aは、第1ボトム層31とアクティブトレンチゲート40との間に設けられた中間層51を備える。中間層51は、n型でありドリフト層9よりも高濃度である。中間層51は第1ボトム層31の空乏層がトレンチ7側へ伸展することを妨げる。これにより、実施の形態1で述べたゲート-コレクタ容量Cgcの落ち込みを抑制できる。従って、コレクタ電圧テールを低減することができる。図38の構成では、一例として中間層51は第1ボトム層31と接している。
図44は、実施の形態4に係る半導体装置400の断面図である。半導体装置400は、ゲート電極15と電気的に接続されるアクティブトレンチゲート40を複数備える。複数のアクティブトレンチゲート40は、第1ボトム層31、第2ボトム層32が設けられたアクティブトレンチゲート40と、ボトム層が設けられていないアクティブトレンチゲート40を含む。トレンチ7底部にボトム層が無い構造と、トレンチ7底部にボトム層がある構造は、例えば交互に配置される。下方にボトム層が形成されていないトレンチ7では、ゲート-コレクタ容量Cgcへのボトム層の影響を抑制できる。従って、コレクタ電圧テールを低減することができる。
図46は、実施の形態5に係る半導体装置500の断面図である。アクティブトレンチゲート540の外周部はゲート酸化膜508から形成される。ゲート酸化膜508のうち、アクティブトレンチゲート540の底部を形成する部分は、ゲート酸化膜508の他の部分よりも厚い。本実施の形態では、ボトム層により電界が緩和され、ダイナミックアバランシェを抑制できる。さらに、厚底のゲート酸化膜508によりホットキャリアの注入を低減することができる。このため、ダイナミックアバランシェによるゲート特性の劣化をさらに抑制することができる。
図47は、実施の形態6に係る半導体装置600の断面図である。半導体装置600は、ドリフト層9の裏面側に設けられたp型の裏面側ボトム層34、35を備える。半導体装置600は、基板の裏面からバッファ層10に延びる裏面側ダミートレンチゲート641を備える。裏面側ボトム層34、35は裏面側ダミートレンチゲート641の上に設けられる。
図49は、実施の形態7に係る半導体装置700の断面図である。半導体装置700において、基板にはIGBT領域とダイオード領域を有するRC-IGBT(Reverse Conducting IGBT)が形成される。図49において、基板の裏面側にコレクタ層11が設けられた領域がIGBT領域であり、カソード層11bが設けられた領域がダイオード領域である。また、ダイオード領域では、ソース層4が設けられていない。ダイオード領域には、第1ボトム層31、第2ボトム層32が設けられない。また、ダイオード領域にはアクティブトレンチゲート40が設けられない。図49に示される例では、ダイオード領域にダミートレンチゲート41が設けられている。
Claims (49)
- 上面と、前記上面と反対側の裏面を有する基板と、
前記基板に設けられた第1導電型のドリフト層と、
前記基板のうち前記ドリフト層の上に設けられ、前記第1導電型と異なる第2導電型のベース層と、
前記ベース層の上面側に設けられた前記第1導電型のソース層と、
前記基板の前記上面に設けられ、前記ソース層と電気的に接続される第1電極と、
前記基板の前記裏面に設けられた第2電極と、
ゲート電極と、
前記基板の前記上面から前記ソース層と前記ベース層を貫通し前記ドリフト層まで延び、前記ゲート電極または前記第1電極と電気的に接続されるトレンチゲートと、
前記ドリフト層のうち前記トレンチゲートの下に設けられた前記第2導電型の第1ボトム層と、
を備え、
前記第1ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分と、前記トレンチゲートとの第1距離は、1μmよりも大きいことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記第1ボトム層は、前記トレンチゲートと離れていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1距離は3μm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度が1017/cm3以下のとき、前記第1距離L1と前記第1ボトム層の厚さY1は、L1≧1.95×Y1+3.62の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度が5.0×1016/cm3以下のとき、前記第1距離L1と前記第1ボトム層の厚さY1は、L1≧1.90×Y1+2.97の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1から4の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度が1016/cm3以下のとき、前記第1距離L1と前記第1ボトム層の厚さY1は、L1≧1.60×Y1+2.60の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1から5の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度が5.0×1015/cm3以下のとき、前記第1距離L1と前記第1ボトム層の厚さY1は、L1≧1.30×Y1+2.34の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度が1015/cm3以下のとき、前記第1距離L1と前記第1ボトム層の厚さY1は、L1≧2.38×Y1+0.05の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1から7の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度が1017/cm3以上のとき、前記第1距離L1と前記第1ボトム層の厚さY1は、L1>1.95×Y1+3.62の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ドリフト層のうち前記第1ボトム層の下に設けられた前記第2導電型の第2ボトム層を備えることを特徴とする請求項1から9の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ドリフト層のうち前記第2ボトム層の下に設けられた前記第2導電型の第3ボトム層を備えることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層と前記第2ボトム層は離れていることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層と前記第2ボトム層の間隔は、前記第1ボトム層の厚さよりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項12に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1距離は、前記第2ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分と前記第1ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分との第2距離よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分と前記第1ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分との第2距離は、前記第1距離よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第2ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第2ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも小さく、前記第2ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第3ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第3ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも小さく、前記第3ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第2ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第2ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも大きく、前記第2ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第3ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第3ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも大きく、前記第3ボトム層の不純物濃度は前記第2ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分と前記第1ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分との第2距離は、前記第2ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分と前記第3ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分との第3距離よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2ボトム層と前記第3ボトム層は接触していることを特徴とする請求項21に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分と前記第1ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分との第2距離は、前記第2ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分と前記第3ボトム層のうち厚さ方向で不純物濃度がピークとなる部分との第3距離よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層と前記第2ボトム層は接触していることを特徴とする請求項23に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の厚さは、前記第2ボトム層の厚さよりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の厚さは前記第2ボトム層の厚さよりも小さく、前記第2ボトム層の厚さは前記第3ボトム層の厚さよりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の幅は、前記第2ボトム層の幅よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項26に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の厚さは前記第3ボトム層の厚さよりも小さく、前記第3ボトム層の厚さは前記第2ボトム層の厚さよりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の厚さは前記第2ボトム層の厚さよりも大きく、前記第2ボトム層の厚さは前記第3ボトム層の厚さよりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の幅は、前記第2ボトム層の幅よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項29に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層の厚さは前記第3ボトム層の厚さよりも大きく、前記第3ボトム層の厚さは前記第2ボトム層の厚さよりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層と、前記トレンチゲートと隣接する他のトレンチゲートの下の第1ボトム層は繋がっていることを特徴とする請求項1から31の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記トレンチゲートと前記他のトレンチゲートが並ぶ方向と平面視で交差する方向で、前記第1ボトム層は途切れていることを特徴とする請求項32に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層と前記トレンチゲートとの間または前記第1ボトム層の側方に設けられ、前記第1導電型であり前記ドリフト層よりも高濃度の中間層を備えることを特徴とする請求項1から33の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記中間層の不純物濃度は、前記第1ボトム層の不純物濃度よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項34に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記中間層は、前記第1ボトム層と前記トレンチゲートとの間に設けられ、前記第1ボトム層と離れていることを特徴とする請求項34または35に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記中間層は、前記第1ボトム層と前記トレンチゲートとの間に設けられ、前記トレンチゲートと離れていることを特徴とする請求項34から36の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記中間層と、前記トレンチゲートと隣接する他のトレンチゲートの下の中間層は繋がっていることを特徴とする請求項34から37の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1ボトム層は、前記中間層に囲まれていることを特徴とする請求項34または35に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート電極と電気的に接続される前記トレンチゲートを複数備え、
前記複数のトレンチゲートは、前記第1ボトム層が設けられたトレンチゲートと、前記第1ボトム層が設けられていないトレンチゲートを含むことを特徴とする請求項1から39の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記トレンチゲートは、前記ゲート電極と電気的に接続されたアクティブトレンチゲートと、前記第1電極と電気的に接続されたダミートレンチゲートと、を含み、
前記第1ボトム層は、前記ダミートレンチゲートの下に設けられ、前記アクティブトレンチゲートの下には設けられないことを特徴とする請求項1から39の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記トレンチゲートの外周部は酸化膜から形成され、
前記酸化膜のうち前記トレンチゲートの底部を形成する部分は、前記酸化膜の他の部分よりも厚いことを特徴とする請求項1から41の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ドリフト層の裏面側に設けられた前記第2導電型の裏面側ボトム層を備えることを特徴とする請求項1から42の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記基板の前記裏面から前記ドリフト層に延びる裏面側トレンチゲートを備え、
前記裏面側ボトム層は前記裏面側トレンチゲートの上に設けられることを特徴とする請求項43に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記基板にはIGBTが形成されることを特徴とする請求項1から44の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記基板にはIGBT領域とダイオード領域を有するRC-IGBTが形成され、
前記ダイオード領域には、前記第1ボトム層が設けられないことを特徴とする請求項1から44の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記基板にはMOSFETが形成されることを特徴とする請求項1から44の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記基板はワイドバンドギャップ半導体によって形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から47の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体は、炭化珪素、窒化ガリウム系材料またはダイヤモンドであることを特徴とする請求項48に記載の半導体装置。
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