JP2022088822A - Pressure receiving plate, and pressure receiving structure using the pressure receiving plate - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pressure receiving plate capable of flexibly coping with variations in widths of openings of objects to be closed at a construction site, especially when the widths of the openings are widened more than a predetermined width.SOLUTION: A pressure receiving plate 1 closing an opening 12 comprises: a first plate portion 2 and a second plate portion 3 disposed in parallel to each other in the opening 12; and an engagement portion 4 holding the first and second plate portion 2, 3 and engaging with an edge portion of the opening 12. The pressure receiving plate 1 slidably holds the first plate portion 2 and/or the second plate portion 3 along a parallel direction, so as to flexibly cope with a width of the opening so that a pressure receiving structure can be properly constructed in a concrete installation site and an earth retaining site.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a pressure receiving plate that closes an opening of a concrete formwork or an earth retaining wall to receive concrete filling pressure or earth pressure, and a pressure receiving structure such as a residual formwork structure or an earth retaining structure using the pressure receiving plate. be.

As a conventional pressure receiving plate, the one shown as the joint plate 15 in FIGS. 6 and 7 of Patent Document 1 below is known. The joint plate 15 closes an opening existing between the lower flange portions of the adjacent H-shaped steel, and is disposed by being hooked to the upper surface of the target flange by an upper hook 15a as an engaging portion. ..

Japanese Patent No. 4679739

In the above-mentioned conventional pressure receiving plate, if the width of the pressure receiving plate is equal to the width of the opening, that is, the width between the flanges of the adjacent H-shaped steels, the pressure receiving structure can be appropriately constructed.

However, although steel materials such as H-shaped steel are manufactured precisely, there are cases where the dimensions such as the width of the flange vary or the flange is deformed. In that case, the opening The width of the portion also varies, which is a problem especially when the width of the opening is wider than the width of the pressure receiving plate.

When the width of the opening is wider than the width of the pressure receiving plate in this way, in the conventional pressure receiving plate, between one side of the pressure receiving plate and one flange, and between the other side of the pressure receiving plate and the other flange. Since there are gaps between the two, there is a problem that it is necessary to fill each gap with a filling material or a sealing material.

The present invention provides a pressure receiving plate that can flexibly cope with a work site when the width of the opening to be closed varies, and particularly when the width of the opening is wider than planned. In addition, a pressure receiving structure using the pressure receiving plate is provided.

In short, the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention is a pressure receiving plate that closes the opening, and includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in parallel in the opening, and the first and first plates are provided. It is provided with an engaging portion that engages with the edge portion of the opening while holding the two plate portions, and the first plate portion and / or the second plate portion is slidably held along the parallel direction. With a configuration that flexibly corresponds to the width of the opening, it is possible to appropriately construct a pressure receiving structure at a concrete placing site or an earth retaining site.

Further, the first plate portion is provided with a first overlap portion on a side portion adjacent to the second plate portion, and the second plate portion is provided with a second overlap portion on a side portion adjacent to the first plate portion. By providing a wrap portion and allowing the slide in a state where the first overlap portion and the second overlap portion overlap each other, the width of the opening can be accommodated while placing concrete or earth retaining. It is possible to prevent the formation of gaps where earth and sand leak from the target ground.

Preferably, one of the first and second overlap portions has a joint shape that cuts off on the pressure receiving surface side, and the other has a joint shape that cuts off on the non-pressure receiving surface side, so that the first plate portion and / Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the formation of a gap through which the cast concrete or earth and sand leak while allowing the slide of the second plate portion.

Alternatively, by forming one of the first and second overlap portions into a convex shape and the other into a concave shape, the cast concrete or the cast concrete can be allowed to slide the first plate portion and / or the second plate portion. It is possible to suppress the formation of gaps through which earth and sand leak.

Further, by providing a plurality of the engaging portions along the longitudinal direction of the first and second plate portions, the first plate portion and the first plate portion can be reliably and stably constructed while having a structure as simple as possible. It is possible to hold the two-plate portion.

Further, the pressure receiving structure according to the present invention is a pressure receiving structure in which the opening of the concrete formwork or the earth retaining wall is closed with the above-mentioned pressure receiving plate, and the opposite edge of the opening is on the concrete filling space side or the earth retaining object. Due to the structure in which the engaging portion is engaged with the ground side, the first plate portion and the second plate portion can be held so as to be able to appropriately receive pressure.

A filling material is filled between the first plate portion and the second plate portion, between the edge portion of the first plate portion and the opening, or between the second plate portion and the edge portion of the opening. By sealing, it is possible to effectively prevent the leakage of earth and sand in the cast concrete and the ground to be retained.

According to the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention, the width of the opening to be closed varies, and particularly when the width of the opening is wider than planned, it can be flexibly handled at the work site, and the residual formwork can be used. It is a suitable member as a board, earth retaining board, or the like.

Further, according to the pressure receiving structure according to the present invention, an appropriate pressure receiving structure can be easily constructed without going through complicated steps.

It is sectional drawing which shows the installation example when the pressure receiving plate which concerns on this invention is used as a residual formwork. It is a top view which shows the installation example in the case where the pressure receiving plate which concerns on this invention is used as a residual formwork, with a partial cross section. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which concrete was placed in the formwork shown in FIG. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the installation example shown in FIG. 1, (A) shows an example in which a filling material is filled in a gap, and (B) shows an example in which a gap is closed with a sealing material. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view which shows the structure when only the 1st plate part is slidable. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st and 2nd overlap part, (A) shows the example which made the 1st and 2nd overlap part a joint shape, and (B) is the unevenness of the 1st and 2nd overlap part. An example of the shape is shown, and (C) shows another example of the first and second overlapping portions having an uneven shape. It is a perspective view which shows the case where the pressure receiving plate which concerns on this invention is used as the earth retaining plate. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of a holding plate and another example of a long hole or a large diameter hole, (A) is the perspective view which shows the pressure receiving plate from the holding plate side, (B) is the 1st and 2nd plate part. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view which shows the example which provided the large-diameter hole or the long hole in, and (C) is the enlarged sectional view which shows the example which provided the large-diameter hole or the long hole in the engaging part. (A) is a perspective view showing an example in which the first and second plate portions are installed in a butted state, and (B) is an enlarged sectional view thereof. Further, (C) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a state in which the first plate portion and the second plate portion are separated from each other when the opening is wider than the cases shown in (A) and (B).

Suitable examples of the pressure receiving plate and the pressure receiving structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.

<Basic structure of pressure receiving plate>
The pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention is a plate-shaped member that closes an opening in a formwork structure, an earth retaining structure, or the like, and as a basic structure, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the pressure receiving plate 1 is arranged in parallel in the opening 12. With the engaging portion 4 which is provided with the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 to be arranged, and which engages with the edge portion of the opening 12 while holding the first and second plate portions 2 and 3. It has a structure including.

Further, in the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention, in particular, as will be described later, the engaging portion 4 holds the first plate portion 2 and / or the second plate portion 3 so as to be slidable along the parallel direction. That is, the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 can be slid so as to be close to or separated from each other, and the width of the opening 12 can be flexibly accommodated.

<Structure of the first plate portion 2, the second plate portion 3 and the engaging portion 4 (including the holding means 5)>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first plate portion 2 is a plate-shaped member and has a pressure receiving surface 2a that receives concrete filling pressure and earth pressure, and a non-pressure receiving surface 2b that is parallel to the pressure receiving surface 2a. is doing. Similarly, the second plate portion 3 is also a plate-shaped member, and has a pressure receiving surface 3a and a non-pressure receiving surface 3b parallel to the pressure receiving surface 3a.

The materials of the first and second plate portions 2 and 3 are not particularly limited, but in order to secure the strength to receive appropriate pressure, they are made of steel, high-strength mortar, concrete, and plastic in addition to wood. Alternatively, it is desirable to use a plate-shaped member made of fiber reinforced plastic.

In this embodiment, the first and second plate portions 2 and 3 are described as vertically long plates in FIG. 2 and the like, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the first and second plate portions are not limited to this. It is also optional to use a rectangular plate or a horizontally long plate for 2 and 3 depending on the implementation.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the engaging portion 4 is an elongated member having a length longer than the width of the opening 12 to be closed, and is hung on the opposite edge portion of the opening 12 and each of the engaging portions 4. Each end of the engaging portion 4 is engaged with the edge portion. Further, the engaging portion 4 holds the first and second plate portions 2 and 3 in a slidable manner in the parallel direction thereof via the holding means 5. If the first and second plate portions 2 and 3 are long plates, a plurality of engaging portions 4 are provided along the longitudinal direction thereof to stably hold the first and second plate portions 2 and 3. do.

As the engaging portion 4, preferably, a channel material having an L-shaped cross section or a T-shaped cross section is used, and the substrate portion 4a is attached to the pressure receiving surfaces 2a and 3a of the first and second plate portions 2 and 3, and the opening 12 is formed. While engaging with the edge portion, the standing wall portion 4b erected from the substrate portion 4a is embedded in the cast concrete or the ground to be retained, and the pressure receiving plate 1 which is a part of the remaining formwork or the retaining wall is strengthened. To combine with.

The holding means 5 for holding the first and second plate portions 2 and 3 includes a holding plate 5a that backs up the non-pressure receiving surfaces 2b and 3b of each plate portion 2 and 3, and the holding plate 5a to the first plate portion 2 and the holding plate portion 5. A bolt 5b that penetrates the substrate portion 4a of the engaging portion 4 and is screwed with a nut 5c provided on the surface of the substrate portion 4a of the engaging portion 4, and the holding plate 5a to the second plate portion 3 and the engaging portion 4. It is composed of a bolt 5b that penetrates the substrate portion 4a and is screwed with a nut 5c provided on the surface of the substrate portion 4a of the engaging portion 4. That is, the shaft portion of the bolt 5b is the through hole 5d of the holding plate 5a, then the through hole 2c of the first plate portion 2 or the through hole 3c of the second plate portion 3, and finally the through hole of the substrate portion 4a of the engaging portion 4. It is inserted into 4c and screwed with the nut 5c.

Therefore, the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 are held between the holding plate 5a of the holding means 5 and the substrate portion 4a of the engaging portion 4, respectively, and the holding plate 5a is provided on the engaging portion 4 side. It is fixed by the head of the bolt 5b screwed with the nut 5c. As shown in FIG. 8, the holding plate 5a may be provided with a holding plate 5a for backing up the first plate portion 2 and a holding plate 5a for backing up the second plate portion 3. By doing so, the slide of the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 can be made smooth.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the inner diameter of the through hole 2c of the first plate portion 2 that penetrates the shaft portion of the bolt 5b is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the bolt 5b. Alternatively, the elongated hole shape allows the first plate portion 2 to be slidably held along the parallel direction with the second plate portion 3. Similarly, by making the inner diameter of the through hole 3c of the second plate portion 3 larger than the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the bolt 5b or making it a long hole shape, the second plate portion 3 becomes the first plate portion 2. It is held slidably along the parallel direction with.

In the present invention, as described above, both the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 can be made slidable, and only one of them can be made slidable. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, only the first plate portion 2 is slidably held, and the inner diameter of the through hole 3c of the second plate portion 3 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the bolt 5b. A structure may be used in which the portion 3 is fixed and held.

Further, as in the example of FIG. 8, when the holding plate 5a for backing up the first plate portion 2 and the holding plate 5a for backing up the second plate portion 3 are separately provided, as shown in FIG. 8 (B). In addition, the through hole 2c of the first plate portion 2 can be made into a hole or an elongated hole having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the bolt 5b so that the first plate portion 2 can be slidable. Similarly, the through hole 3c of the second plate portion 3 can be made into a hole or an elongated hole having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the bolt 5b so that the second plate portion 3 can be slidable.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8C, the through hole 4c provided in the substrate portion 4a of the engaging portion 4 is formed into a hole or an elongated hole having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the bolt 5b, and the first plate portion is formed. 2 and / or the second plate portion 3 may be slidable.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, both the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 are held by a single holding plate 5a and a single bolt 5b, and are shown in FIGS. 9 (B) and 9 (C). As described above, the first plate portion 2 and / the second plate portion 3 can be made slidable within the width range of the holding plate 5a. In this case, the first plate portion 2 is provided with a semicircular slit 2d for receiving the shaft portion of the bolt 5b, and the second plate portion 3 is provided with a semicircular slit 3d for receiving the shaft portion of the bolt 5b. It is also possible to abut the 2 and the second plate portion 3.

Therefore, in any of FIGS. 4, 5, 8, and 9, the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 can be relatively slid, and can correspond to the width of the opening portion 12. can.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 8 and 9, the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 are separated from each other corresponding to the width of the opening 12, and a gap S is provided between the two. If it occurs, as shown in FIGS. 4 (A), 8 (B), and 8 (C), the gap S is filled with the filling material 7 to form concrete or earth and sand. To prevent leakage, or as shown in FIGS. 4 (B) and 5, the gap S is closed with the sealing material 8 to surely prevent leakage of cast concrete and earth and sand. The materials of the filling material 7 and the sealing material 8 are not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that the placed concrete and the earth and sand can be prevented from leaking through the gap S.

Further, in the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the first overlap portion 6A is provided on the side portion of the first plate portion 2 adjacent to the second plate portion 3, and the second plate portion 2 is provided. A second overlap portion 6B is provided on a side portion of the plate portion 3 adjacent to the first plate portion 2, and the first plate portion 2 and the first plate portion 6B are in a state where the first overlap portion 6A and the second overlap portion 6B overlap. / Or the second plate portion 3 can be slid.

That is, the first overlap portion 6A of the first plate portion 2 and the second overlap portion 6B of the second plate portion 3 overlap in the direction orthogonal to the pressure receiving surfaces 2a and 3a, whereby the gap S is formed. It is possible to prevent the occurrence and prevent the leakage of cast concrete and earth and sand, and to ensure stable pressure reception by the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 that are independently arranged in parallel.

As for the overlap structure, as shown in FIG. 6A, the side portion of the first plate portion 2 is formed as a joint shape in which the side portion is cut off on the pressure receiving surface 2a side, and the first overlap portion 6A is used, and the second plate portion 3 has an overlap structure. The second overlap portion 6B can be used as a joint shape in which the side portion is cut off on the non-pressure receiving surface 3b side. Although not specifically shown, the configuration is opposite to that described above, that is, the first overlap portion 6A is used as the joint shape in which the side portion of the first plate portion 2 is stepped down on the non-pressure receiving surface 2b side, and the second plate portion 3 is used. The second overlap portion 6B may be used as a joint shape in which the side portion of the above is stepped down on the pressure receiving surface 3a side.

Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 6 (B) and 6 (C), the side portion of the first plate portion 2 is formed into a convex shape to form the first overlap portion 6A, and the side portion of the second plate portion 3 is formed into a concave shape. It can be the second overlap portion 6B. The concave-convex shape is not particularly limited, but may be a similar shape in which the concave portion and the convex portion correspond to each other as in the examples of FIGS. 6 (B) and 6 (C). Although not specifically shown, the configuration is the opposite of that described above, that is, the side portion of the first plate portion 2 has a concave shape to form the first overlap portion 6A, and the side portion of the second plate portion 3 has a convex shape. The overlap portion 6B may be used.

<Pressure receiving structure using the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention>
Next, a pressure receiving structure using the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention will be described. 1 to 3 show an example of a pressure receiving structure using the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention as a residual formwork, and FIG. 7 shows an example of a pressure receiving structure using the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention as an earth retaining plate. Shows.

≪Pressure receiving structure as residual formwork structure≫
1 and 2 show the openings 12 of the concrete form formed of H-shaped steel 11 as a plurality of steel girders arranged in parallel in the width direction of the bridge when forming the concrete deck of the bridge, that is, each of them. It shows a state in which the opening 12 opened between the second flanges 11b of the H-shaped steel 11 is closed by the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention. Note that 11c in the figure is a web connecting the first flange 11a and the second flange 11b.

In other words, FIGS. 1 and 2 show the opposite edges on the concrete filling space side of the opening 12 of the formwork for the concrete deck, that is, the concrete filling space side of the second flange 11b of the adjacent H-shaped steel 11. Each engaging portion 4 of the pressure receiving plate 1 is engaged with the edge portion, and the pressure receiving plate 1 is bridged between the second flanges 11b of the H-shaped steel 11.

Next, when concrete is placed through the space between the first flanges 11a of each H-shaped steel 11, as shown in FIG. 3, the filling pressure of the placed concrete 21 is applied to the pressure receiving surface 2a of the first plate portion 2 and the second. While receiving pressure on the pressure receiving surface 3a of the plate portion 3, the standing wall portion 4b of the engaging portion 4 is embedded in the cast concrete 21. When a gap S is generated between the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3, as described above, the gap S is filled with the filling material 7 or the gap S is used as a sealing material, as necessary. It can be closed with 8.

≪Pressure receiving structure as earth retaining structure≫
The perspective view of FIG. 7 is an opening 12 of an earth retaining wall formed of H-shaped steel 11 as a plurality of erected piles at intervals, that is, opened between the second flanges 11b of each H-shaped steel 11. The opened opening 12 is closed with the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention, and earth pressure is received by the pressure receiving surface 2a of the first plate portion 2 and the pressure receiving surface 3a of the second plate portion 3, and the earth pressure is applied to the ground to be retained. It shows the state of earth retaining. Note that 11c in the figure is a web connecting the first flange 11a and the second flange 11b.

In the pressure receiving structure as the earth retaining structure, the standing wall portion 4b of the engaging portion 4 is embedded in the earth retaining target ground 22 as in the residual formwork structure. Further, when a gap S is generated between the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3, as described above, the gap S is filled with the filling material 7 or the gap S is filled as necessary. It can be closed with the sealing material 8.

As described above, according to the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention, the widths of the openings 12 to be closed vary, and particularly when the widths of the openings 12 are wider than planned, they are arranged in parallel. By separating the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3, it can be flexibly handled at the work site, and it becomes a suitable member as a residual formwork plate, earth retaining plate, or the like. Further, if the adjacent side portions of the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 have an overlapping structure, the first plate portion 2 and the second plate portion 3 are interspersed even when they are separated from each other as described above. Leakage of cast concrete and earth and sand can be prevented without using materials or sealing materials.

Further, according to the pressure receiving structure according to the present invention, an appropriate pressure receiving structure can be easily constructed without going through complicated steps.

Although the pressure receiving structure as the residual formwork structure has been described in FIGS. 1 to 3 based on the case of forming the concrete deck of the bridge, the pressure receiving plate 1 according to the present invention can be used as the residual formwork. If possible, there are no particular restrictions.

1 ... pressure receiving plate, 2 ... first plate portion, 2a ... pressure receiving surface, 2b ... non-pressure receiving surface, 2c ... through hole, 2d ... semicircular slit, 3 ... second plate portion, 3a ... pressure receiving surface, 3b ... non Pressure receiving surface, 3c ... through hole, 3d ... semicircular slit, 4 ... engaging part, 4a ... substrate part, 4b ... standing wall part, 4c ... through hole, 5 ... holding means, 5a ... holding plate, 5b ... bolt, 5c ... Nut, 5d ... Through hole, 6A ... First overlap part, 6B ... Second overlap part, 7 ... Filling material, 8 ... Sealing material, S ... Gap, 11 ... H-shaped steel, 11a ... First Flange, 11b ... second flange, 11c ... web, 12 ... opening, 21 ... cast concrete, 22 ... earth retaining target ground.

In short, the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention is a pressure receiving plate that closes an opening of a concrete formwork or a retaining wall, and has a first plate portion and a second plate portion arranged in parallel in the opening. In addition to being provided, an engaging portion that engages with the edge portion of the opening while holding the first and second plate portions is provided, and the first plate portion and / or the second plate portion is provided along the parallel direction. It is possible to appropriately construct a pressure receiving structure at a concrete placing site or an earth retaining site by a structure that holds it slidably and flexibly corresponds to the width of the opening.

Claims (8)

It is a pressure receiving plate that closes the opening, and includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion that are arranged in parallel in the opening, and also holds the first and second plate portions while holding the edge of the opening. It is characterized by having an engaging portion that engages with the portion, holding the first plate portion and / or the second plate portion slidably along a parallel direction, and flexibly corresponding to the width of the opening. Pressure receiving plate. The first plate portion is provided with a first overlap portion on a side portion adjacent to the second plate portion, and the second plate portion is provided with a second overlap portion on a side portion adjacent to the first plate portion. The pressure receiving plate according to claim 1, wherein the slide can be performed in a state where the first overlap portion and the second overlap portion overlap each other. The pressure receiving plate according to claim 2, wherein one of the first and second overlapping portions has a joint shape that cuts off on the pressure receiving surface side, and the other has a joint shape that cuts off on the non-pressure receiving surface side. The pressure receiving plate according to claim 2, wherein one of the first and second overlap portions has a convex shape and the other has a concave shape. The pressure receiving plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the engaging portions are provided along the longitudinal direction of the first and second plate portions. A pressure receiving structure for closing an opening of a concrete formwork or a retaining wall with the pressure receiving plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the opposite edge of the opening is on the concrete filling space side or soil. A pressure receiving structure characterized in that the engaging portion is engaged with the ground side to be fastened. It is characterized in that a filling material is filled between the first plate portion and the second plate portion, between the edge portion of the first plate portion and the opening portion, or between the second plate portion and the edge portion of the opening portion. The pressure receiving structure according to claim 6. The claim is characterized in that the space between the first plate portion and the second plate portion, the edge portion between the first plate portion and the opening portion, or the edge portion between the second plate portion and the opening portion is sealed. The pressure receiving structure according to 6.

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