JP2022066868A - Joining device and joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

To solid-phase join a plurality of stacked materials to be joined without leaving deformation of joined parts.SOLUTION: A joining device comprises: first and second heat-up bodies 22a, 22b; first and second rods 24a, 24b; a heat-up body moving mechanism (heat-up body moving means); and a rod moving mechanism (heat-up body moving means). The heat-up bodies 22a, 22b are arranged to face each other so as to be able to hold a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a, 1b therebetween, and made of metals that generates heat through energization up to a temperature where the aluminum plates 1a, 1b do not melt. The rods 24a, 24b are made of rod-like insulators or metals inserted into through-holes formed in opposing directions in the respective heat-up bodies 22a, 22b. The heat-up body moving mechanism is a mechanism for moving the first heat-up body 22a in a direction for moving close to (or abutting against) or away from the second heat-up body 22b. The rod moving mechanism is a mechanism for pressing or separating the rods 24a, 24b on or from the aluminum plates 1a, 1b.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a joining device and a joining method for joining materials to be joined such as a metal plate or a resin plate by solid phase bonding.

Solid-phase bonding is a method in which materials to be bonded are heated and softened in a solid-phase (solid) state without melting, and then pressurized in this softened state to give plastic deformation for bonding. This solid phase bonding will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which aluminum (aluminum) plates are solid-phase bonded to each other, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 10 or 11, two aluminum plates 1a and 1b are overlapped with each other, and a round bar-shaped heating element (not shown) is sandwiched between the joint portions 1c of the overlapped aluminum plates 1a and 1b. Contact. The temperature of the abutted heating element is raised by a temperature raising mechanism so that the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are heated at a temperature at which the aluminum plates 1a and 1b do not melt (for example, a temperature of about half or more of the melting point of aluminum). Further, when the temperature rising body is pressurized from above with a predetermined pressing force and then cooled, the two aluminum plates 1a and 1b are solid-phase bonded as shown by reference numeral 2. As a bonding device of this type, there is a solid phase bonding device described in Patent Document 1.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-122171

However, when the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are solid-phase bonded 2 as described above, the bonded portion 2 is greatly deformed in an uneven shape and protrudes from the flat surface of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. The joined aluminum plates 1a and 1b in which such deformation remains cannot be applied because they do not meet the product specifications depending on the applicable product.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a joining device and a joining method capable of solid-phase joining while suppressing deformation of a joining portion.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the joining device according to claim 1 is arranged in a facing state so that a plurality of stacked materials to be joined can be sandwiched, and the temperature is raised by a first heating element and a second rising body by energization. The warm body, the first rod and the second rod inserted into the insertion holes formed in the first and second temperature risers along the opposite directions to each other, and the first rod. The first heating element including the first heating element is moved toward or away from the second heating element including the second rod, and the first heating element and the second heating element are used. On the other hand, it is characterized by including a rod moving means for infesting the first rod and the second rod.

According to the present invention, a plurality of stacked materials to be joined can be solid-phase bonded so that deformation does not remain in the bonded portion.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the joining apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical sectional view which shows the front structure of the upper side joining unit and the lower side joining unit of a joining device. It is a block diagram which shows the electric wiring of a joining device. It is a vertical cross-sectional view of the front view when two aluminum plates are arranged between the upper and lower heating bodies of the joining device. It is a vertical cross-sectional view of the front view when the upper and lower temperature riser of the joining device is in contact with two aluminum plates. It is a vertical cross-sectional view of the front view when two aluminum plates are solid-phase bonded by pressurizing the upper temperature riser of the joining device downward. It is a vertical cross-sectional view of the front arrow view when the lower temperature riser of the joining device is pressurized upward and the solid phase joining portion of the two aluminum plates is returned to a flat surface. It is a vertical cross-sectional view of the front view when the upper and lower temperature riser of the joining device is separated from the joining aluminum plate up and down. It is a figure which shows the structure and wiring of the joining apparatus which concerns on the modification of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the mode which solid-phase bonded aluminum plates with each other in the prior art. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Structure of Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a joining device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The joining device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is for solid-phase joining materials to be joined by a metal plate such as an aluminum plate or a non-metal plate such as a resin plate by energization heating and pressurization. For example, it is possible to join metal plates to each other, resin plates to each other, metal plates to resin plates, and the like. In addition, it can also be applied to heat caulking applications. The metal plate or resin plate may have a shape other than the plate shape as long as the joint portion has a predetermined thickness (thin thickness) capable of solid-phase bonding by energization heating and pressurization.

The joining device 10 includes a joining main body device 11 and energization control devices 13a and 13b connected to the joining main body device 11 by primary side energizing cables (primary cables) 12a and 12b. The primary cables 12a and 12b are connected to the primary side of the transformers 15a and 15b built in the joining main body device 11.

The joining main body device 11 includes an upper joining unit (upper unit) 14a protruding horizontally from the upper part of the box-shaped portion erected on the floor to the front side, and a lower side protruding parallel to the lower side of the upper unit 14a. A joining unit (lower unit) 14b is provided.

The temperature riser holder 21a (see FIG. 2) of the upper unit 14a is connected to a secondary side energizing cable (secondary cable) 16a connected to the secondary side of the transformer 15a. The temperature riser holder 21b (see FIG. 2) of the lower unit 14b is connected to the secondary cable 16b connected to the secondary side of the transformer 15b.

The configurations of the upper unit 14a and the lower unit 14b will be described with reference to FIG.
The upper unit 14a includes a heating element moving mechanism, which will be described later, a first rod moving mechanism, and a first heating mechanism. The heating element moving mechanism constitutes the heating element moving means according to claim.

The temperature riser moving mechanism includes a motor 31, a screw shaft 28, a nut portion 27, and a guide shaft 29 of the upper unit 14a. The first rod moving mechanism includes an air cylinder 26a attached to the moving mechanism via a nut portion 27, and a rod-shaped rod 24a attached to the lower end of the cylinder rod 6a2. The first heating mechanism is configured to include a heating element holder 21a and a heating element 22a.

The first rod moving mechanism and the first temperature raising mechanism are moved up and down by the raising body moving mechanism. By this raising and lowering, the first temperature raising mechanism raises the temperature of the material to be joined after holding the material to be joined, and the first rod moving mechanism further pressurizes the material to be joined by pushing and pulling to form a solid phase. It is designed to be joined.

The lower unit 14b includes a second rod moving mechanism including an air cylinder 26b and a rod 24b attached to the upper end of the cylinder rod 6b2, and a temperature raising body holder 21b and a temperature rising body 22b. It is provided with a second temperature raising mechanism. The second temperature raising mechanism raises the temperature of the material to be joined, and the second rod moving mechanism performs solid phase bonding by pressurizing the material to be joined by pushing and pulling. The first rod moving mechanism and the second rod moving mechanism constitute the rod moving means according to claim.

The configuration of such a joining device 10 will be described in more detail.
In the upper unit 14a, the temperature riser holder 21a (also referred to as the upper temperature riser holder 21a) has two inverted L-shaped portions 21a1, 21a2 in which the vertical portion 1a1 and the horizontal portion 1a2 are integrated into an inverted L-shape. , The structure is arranged on the line target with the vertical line as the target axis. The inverted L-shaped portions 21a1,21a2 are conductors. Between the two inverted L-shaped portions 21a1, 21a2 that are separated from each other, there is an insertion gap through which the rod-shaped cylinder rod 6a2, which will be described later, is inserted.

In the lower unit 14b, the temperature riser holder 21b (also referred to as the lower temperature riser holder 21b) has two L-shaped portions 21b1, 21b2 in which the vertical portion 1b1 and the horizontal portion 1b2 are integrated into an L-shape. The structure is arranged on the line target with the vertical line as the target axis. Between the two L-shaped portions 21b1, 21b2 that are separated from each other, there is an insertion gap through which the rod-shaped cylinder rod 6b2, which will be described later, is inserted.

The heating element holders 21a and 21b are formed of a metal material such as copper having a higher conductivity than the heating element 22a and 22b in order to suppress power consumption. That is, if the temperature-increasing body holders 21a and 21b are made of the same material as the temperature-increasing bodies 22a and 22b, the power consumption increases, and this waste is eliminated.

In the upper temperature riser holder 21a, a secondary cable 16a is electrically connected to the outside of the lateral portions 1a2 of the inverted L-shaped portions 21a1, 21a2 via the respective electrode terminals 1a3. The secondary cable 16a connected to each electrode terminal 1a3 has one on the positive side and the other on the negative side.

On the lower side of the inverted L-shaped portions 21a1, 21a2, the insertion gap is widened in the lateral direction, and the heating element 22a (also referred to as the upper heating element 22a) is fitted and fixed to the wide insertion gap. .. Similarly, the temperature riser 22b (also referred to as the lower temperature riser 22b) is fitted and fixed on the upper side of the lower L-shaped portions 21b1, 21b2.

The temperature-heating bodies 22a and 22b have a short cylindrical portion protruding downward and fixed integrally to the lower surface of a rectangular parallelepiped having a through hole (insertion hole) penetrating the center vertically, and penetrate both the cylindrical portion and the rectangular parallelepiped. It forms a shape in which the holes communicate. The temperature risers 22a and 22b are formed as small as possible in order to suppress power consumption during energization.

The heating elements 22a and 22b are made of a metal material having an electric resistance that self-heats to a required temperature when energized and has a strength that does not soften even when the temperature rises to the required temperature. When the heating elements 22 and 22b are energized, the temperature rises due to self-heating. That is, energization heating is performed. The material to be joined (for example, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b shown in FIG. 5) that are in contact with the temperature-increasing bodies 22a and 22b are heated at this high temperature.

The temperature risers 22a and 22b are made of a metal material such as tungsten, which is resistant to high temperatures and has high electrical resistance. The heating elements 22a and 22b are made of a metal such as stainless steel and iron in addition to tungsten. In this example, it is assumed that the heating elements 22a and 22b are made of tungsten.

As described above, the heating elements 22a and 22b are made of a metal material having high electrical resistance. Therefore, the temperature raising bodies 22a and 22b can be heated by energization in a short time. Therefore, the contact portions of the temperature-increasing bodies 22a and 22b of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b (see FIG. 5) become hot in a short time.

The upper and lower heating bodies 22a and 22b may be made of different materials in the upper and lower parts. The material to be joined is not only a metal plate or a resin plate on both the top and bottom, but also a metal plate and a resin plate, which are different materials on the top and bottom. Therefore, when the material of the material to be joined is different between the upper and lower parts, the temperature-increasing bodies 22a and 22b may be used so that the material to be joined can be appropriately heated.

Thermocouples (temperature sensors) 23a and 23b for measuring the heat generation temperature of the heating elements 22a and 22b are embedded in the heating elements 22a and 22b.

Elongated cylindrical rods 24a and 24b (also referred to as upper rods 24a and lower rods 24b) are inserted into the through holes of the temperature risers 22a and 22b so as to be vertically movable. In addition to the cylindrical shape, the rods 24a and 24b may have a columnar shape such as a polygonal column such as a triangular prism or a quadrangular prism or a star-shaped column.

The rods 24a and 24b are formed of a hard insulator that is not softened by the heat of the temperature risers 22a and 22b. In this example, it is assumed that it is formed by ceramics. The rods 24a and 24b may be formed of the same material as the temperature risers 22a and 22b.

An air cylinder 26a is attached to the upper surface of the lateral portion 1a2 of the upper temperature riser holder 21a via a mounting seat 25a made of an insulator having a through hole (insertion hole) formed in the center. The mounting seat 25a is fixed to the lateral portion 1a2 so that the through hole communicates with the insertion gap of the upper temperature riser holder 21a.

The air cylinder 26a protrudes downward from the air supply / exhaust portion 6a1 for supplying or exhausting air and the base inserted inside the air supply / exhaust portion 6a1, and the through hole of the mounting seat 25a and the upper temperature riser holder 21a. It is configured to include a rod-shaped cylinder rod 6a2 inserted into the insertion gap. The lower end of the cylinder rod 6a2 is fixed to the upper end of the upper rod 24a.

In the air cylinder 26a, when air is supplied to the air supply / discharge portion 6a1, the cylinder rod 6a2 pushes down the upper rod 24a with a predetermined pressure. When air is exhausted from the air supply / exhaust portion 6a1, the cylinder rod 6a2 pulls up the upper rod 24a.

A nut portion 27 having a U-shaped cross section is placed on the upper surface of the air supply / discharge portion 6a1 of the air cylinder 26a. The nut portion 27 is provided with a screw hole 7a on the upper side, and a screw shaft 28 is screwed into the screw hole 7a.

The upper portion of the screw shaft 28 is inserted through the through hole of the mounting seat 30 and protrudes upward. The mounting seat 30 and the mounting seat 25a separated downward are fixed by a guide shaft 29 (see FIG. 1). The guide shaft 29 is fixed to the upper and lower mounting seats 25a and 30 in a state of being located on both sides of the nut portion 27 and the air supply / discharge portion 6a1.

The upper end of the screw shaft 28 protruding upward from the through hole of the mounting seat 30 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the motor 31 (see FIG. 1). A bearing 30a is arranged on the peripheral wall of the through hole of the mounting seat 30, and the screw shaft 28 is inserted through the bearing 30a, and the mounting seat 30 receives the pushing reaction force of the rod 24a and the gripping reaction force of the upper unit 14a. It is designed to be held via the bearing 30a.

With this configuration, when the motor 31 rotates clockwise, the screw shaft 28 rotates clockwise in the nut portion 27, and the lower upper temperature riser 22a including the air cylinder 26a moves downward. When the motor 31 rotates counterclockwise, the screw shaft 28 rotates counterclockwise in the nut portion 27, and the lower upper temperature riser 22a including the air cylinder 26a moves upward.

Next, in the lower temperature riser holder 21b of the lower unit 14b, the secondary cable 16b is electrically connected to the outside of the horizontal portions 1b2 of the L-shaped portions 21b1, 21b2 of the conductor via the respective electrode terminals 1b3. Has been done. The secondary cable 16b connected to each electrode terminal 1b3 has one on the positive side and the other on the negative side.

A lower rod 24b is inserted into a through hole of the lower temperature riser 22b so as to be able to move up and down. The through hole of the lower temperature riser 22b has a larger diameter than the through hole of the upper temperature riser 22a, and the lower rod 24b inserted into the large diameter through hole has a larger diameter and a wider end face area than the upper rod 24a. It has become. The upper rod 24a and the lower rod 24b may have the same diameter and the same end face area.

An air cylinder 26b is attached to the lower surface of the lateral portion 1b2 of the lower temperature riser holder 21b via a mounting seat 25b made of an insulator having a through hole formed in the center. The mounting seat 25b is fixed to the lateral portion 1b2 so that the through hole communicates with the insertion gap of the lower temperature riser holder 21b.

The air cylinder 26b includes an air supply / discharge portion 6b1 and a cylinder rod 6b2, and the upper end of the cylinder rod 6b2 is fixed to the lower end of the lower rod 24b. When air is supplied to the air supply / discharge portion 6b1, the cylinder rod 6b2 pushes up the lower rod 24b with a predetermined pressure. When air is exhausted from the air supply / exhaust portion 6b1, the cylinder rod 6b2 pulls down the lower rod 24b.

Next, the electrical wiring of the joining device 10 will be described with reference to FIG. The joining device 10 includes energization control devices 13a and 13b, transformers 15a and 15b, a control unit 32, and solenoid valves 33a and 33b as components of the electrical system.

The control unit 32 controls the motor 31 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. When the temperature raising bodies 22a and 22b facing each other in the upper and lower directions are separated from each other via the aluminum plates 1a and 1b (see FIG. 4), the control unit 32 lowers the upper heating body 22a in the downward direction indicated by the arrow Y1a. Therefore, the motor 31 is rotated clockwise to rotate the screw shaft 28 clockwise in the nut portion 27. Due to this clockwise rotation, the lower portion of the upper unit 14a is lowered, so that the upper temperature riser 22a is lowered.

On the other hand, when the upper and lower temperature raising bodies 22a and 22b are in contact with each other or sandwiched (see FIG. 5) via the aluminum plates 1a and 1b, the control unit 32 points the upper temperature raising body 22a in the upward direction indicated by the arrow Y2a. In order to raise it, the motor 31 is rotated counterclockwise to rotate the screw shaft 28 counterclockwise in the nut portion 27. Due to this counterclockwise rotation, the lower portion of the upper unit 14a rises, so that the upper temperature riser 22a rises.

As shown in FIG. 4 or 5, this control includes a sensor (not shown) for detecting the separation or contact (pinching) state of the upper and lower temperature risers 22a and 22b via the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. You may do it. However, the sensor also detects the uneven state and the flat state of the joint portion of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. When the sensor detects the separation (FIG. 4), the control unit 32 shown in FIG. 3 rotates the motor 31 clockwise in response to an operation of an operation unit (not shown) of the joining device 10 of the operator to raise the temperature. The body 22a is controlled to be lowered until it comes into contact with the lower temperature riser 22b (FIG. 5) via the aluminum plates 1a and 1b.

When the sensor detects the pinching or contact state (FIG. 5), the control unit 32 rotates the motor 31 counterclockwise, and the upper temperature riser 22a is separated from the aluminum plates 1a and 1b and the lower temperature riser 22b (FIG. 4). ) Is controlled to raise it. This rise control is performed after controlling the vertical movement of the cylinder rods 6a2 and 6b2 according to the measured temperatures of the thermocouples 23a and 23b, which will be described later.

Further, the control unit 32 shown in FIG. 3 causes the energization control device 13a for the upper unit 14a to receive the current required to bring the temperature to a required temperature after the heating bodies 22a and 22b come into contact with the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. Send the value and energization time. The energization control device 13a controls to energize the transformer 15a with a predetermined current and energization time via the primary cable 12a. The transformer 15a converts the supplied primary cable side voltage and outputs a predetermined current. This current is applied to the temperature riser holder 21a via the secondary cable 16a on the plus side and the minus side. As a result, an electric current flows through the temperature riser 22a fixed to the temperature riser holder 21a, and heat is generated to a temperature at which the temperature riser 22a does not melt. This heat generation is preferably at a temperature about half of the melting point of the material to be joined heated by the heating element 22a. For example, if the material to be joined is an aluminum plate, it is preferable that the heating element 22a generates heat so that the aluminum plate has a temperature of about 300 ° C.

The control of energization heating by the control unit 32 is also performed in the energization control device 13b for the lower unit 14b, so that the lower temperature riser 22b generates heat to a predetermined temperature.

The thermocouples 23a and 23b embedded in the upper and lower heating elements 22a and 22b measure the heat generation temperature of the heating elements 22a and 22b, and output a temperature signal indicating the measured temperature to the control unit 32.

The control unit 32 controls the degree of opening / closing of the air supply valve and the exhaust valve (not shown) of the solenoid valves 33a and 33b according to the temperature of the temperature signal. The air supply and exhaust of the air cylinders 26a and 26b are controlled according to the degree of opening and closing. By this control, the lowering of the upper cylinder rod 6a2 indicated by the arrow Y1a and the ascending indicated by the arrow Y2a are controlled, and the lowering of the lower cylinder rod 6b2 indicated by the arrow Y1b and the ascending indicated by the arrow Y2b are controlled. Will be done.

<Operation of the embodiment>
Next, the operation when solid-phase joining a plurality of stacked metal plates 1a and 1b by the welding apparatus 10 of the embodiment will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, it is assumed that the overlapped joint portions of the two aluminum plates 1a and 1b are arranged between the temperature raising bodies 22a and 22b separated vertically. In this case, the control unit 32 shown in FIG. 3 rotates the motor 31 clockwise to lower the upper temperature riser 22a as shown by an arrow in FIG. By this descent, the upper and lower temperature risers 22a and 22b sandwich the aluminum plates 1a and 1b.

When this pinched state is detected by a sensor (not shown), the control unit 32 shown in FIG. 3 energizes the upper and lower temperature risers 22a and 22b via the energization control devices 13a and 13b and the transformers 15a and 15b.

By this energization, the upper and lower heating elements 22a and 22b generate heat, and the temperature of this heat generation is measured by the thermocouples 23a and 23b. This measured temperature is output to the control unit 32 as a temperature signal.

When the temperature signal indicates a predetermined temperature, the control unit 32 closes the exhaust valve of the upper solenoid valve 33a, opens the air supply valve at a predetermined opening, and supplies air to the upper air cylinder 26a. I do. By this air supply, the cylinder rod 6a2 of the air cylinder 26a is lowered, the upper rod 24a is lowered, and the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed downward. At this time, the control unit 32 opens the exhaust valve of the lower solenoid valve 33b at a predetermined opening degree and closes the air supply valve to enable air to be exhausted to the lower air cylinder 26b. As a result, the lower rod 24b can be lowered in response to the pressing by the upper rod 24a.

At this time, the degree of opening of the exhaust valve of the lower solenoid valve 33b is controlled so that a predetermined pressing force is applied between the upper rod 24a and the lower rod 24b that sandwich the aluminum plates 1a and 1b and descend together. Will be done. However, when both the upper rod 24a and the lower rod 24b rise, the degree of opening of the exhaust valve of the upper solenoid valve 33a is controlled so that a predetermined pressing force is applied between them. As a means for applying a predetermined pressing force to both of them, a spring may be provided on the upper end side or the lower end side of the air cylinders 26a and 26b.

By the above downward pressing control, the upper rod 24a presses (pressurizes) the aluminum plates 1a and 1b downward in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 6, and the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are convex toward the lower rod 24b. It protrudes like a solid phase and is bonded. At this time, the lower rod 24b is slightly lowered.

Next, when the downward pressing is performed for a predetermined time, the control unit 32 opens the exhaust valve of the upper solenoid valve 33a at a predetermined opening degree, closes the air supply valve, and closes the upper air cylinder 26a. Allows air to be exhausted from. As a result, the upper rod 24a can move upward in response to the upward pressing by the lower rod 24b.

At the same time, the control unit 32 closes the exhaust valve of the lower solenoid valve 33b, opens the air supply valve at a predetermined opening, supplies air to the lower air cylinder 26b, and raises the cylinder rod 6b2. Let me. In response to this rise, the lower rod 24b presses the aluminum plates 1a and 1b upward in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 7. At this time, the lower rod 24b may be pressed so as to protrude toward the upper rod 24a with respect to the aluminum plates 1a and 1b.

The upward pressing by the lower rod 24b is performed so that the pressing portions of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b change from the downward convex shape shown in FIG. 6 to the planar shape shown in FIG. 7. When the sensor detects that the lower rod 24b has returned to the plane position, the control unit 32 rotates the motor 31 counterclockwise to raise the upper temperature riser 22a. As a result of this rise, as shown in FIG. 8, the upper and lower heating elements 22a and 22b are separated from each other via the aluminum plates 1a and 1b.

However, the control unit 32 may be controlled so that the upper and lower rods 24a and 24b alternately press the aluminum plates 1a and 1b up and down a plurality of times.

<Effect of embodiment>
The effect of the joining device 10 of the embodiment described above will be described.

(1) The joining device 10 includes first and second temperature-increasing bodies 22a and 22b, first and second rods 24a and 24b, a temperature-increasing body moving mechanism (moving means), and a rod moving mechanism (rod moving means). ) And.

The first and second temperature risers 22a and 22b are arranged in a facing state so that a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be sandwiched, and the temperature is raised by energization. The first and second rods 24a and 24b are inserted into the insertion holes formed in the first and second heating elements 22a and 22b along the opposite directions to each other. The temperature riser moving mechanism is a mechanism for moving the first temperature riser 22a in a direction closer to or away from the second temperature riser 22b. The rod moving mechanism is a mechanism for causing the first and second rods 24a and 24b to appear and disappear with respect to the first and second heating bodies 22a and 22b.

According to this configuration, there are the following effects. When a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b are arranged between the separated first and second temperature risers 22a and 22b, the first temperature riser 11a is moved by the moving mechanism to move the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. It comes into contact with the second temperature riser 22b via. When the heating elements 22a and 22b are energized, the heating elements 22a and 22b generate heat. When the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are heated and softened by this heat generation, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the first rod by the rod moving mechanism. In response to this pressing, a plurality of aluminum plates 1a and 1b are solid-phase bonded. By pressing the first rod 24a, the joint portion of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b protrudes convexly toward the second rod 24b. Next, the second rod 24b is pressed toward the first rod by the rod moving mechanism, and the convex joint portions of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed in the opposite direction so that the convex portions become flat. As a result, the plurality of aluminum plates 1a and 1b are solid-phase bonded in a flat state. That is, a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be solid-phase bonded so that deformation does not remain in the bonded portion.

(2) According to the temperatures of the thermocouples 23a and 23b for measuring the temperatures of the first and second heating elements 22a and 22b and the temperatures of the first and second heating elements 22a and 22b measured by the thermocouples 23a and 23b. A control unit 32 that controls the temperature riser moving mechanism and the rod moving mechanism is provided. When the measured temperature of the thermocouples 23a and 23b reaches a predetermined temperature, the control unit 32 causes the rod moving mechanism to press the aluminum plates 1a and 1b of the first rod, and the pressing is predetermined. After a lapse of time, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are controlled to be pressed by the second rod 24b in the direction opposite to the pressing.

According to this configuration, when the measured temperatures of the first and second heating elements 22a and 22b by the thermocouples 23a and 23b reach a predetermined temperature, the aluminum is mounted on the first rod by the control of the control unit 32. The plates 1a and 1b are pressed, and after the pressing has elapsed for a predetermined time, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the second rod 24b in the direction opposite to the pressing. Therefore, since the jointed portion of the plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be made flat, solid-phase joining in which no deformation remains in the joined portion can be automatically performed.

(3) The rod moving means is configured to move the first and second rods 24a and 24b in the same direction while the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are sandwiched between the first and second rods 24a and 24b.

According to this configuration, when the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the first rod 24a by the rod moving mechanism, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are solid-phase bonded, and at this time, the second rod 24b is slightly connected to the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. Move in the direction of separation from.

(4) The facing end faces of the first and second rods 24a and 24b are configured such that the second rod 24b has a larger area than the first rod 24a.

According to this configuration, when the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the first rod 24a, the pressed portions of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b project convexly toward the second rod 24b. Here, when the facing end faces of the first and second rods 24a and 24b have the same area, the convexly protruding portion protrudes outward from the end face of the second rod 24b. However, in the present invention, for example, the end face of the second rod 24b has a larger area than the end face of the first rod 24a. Therefore, the convexly protruding portion does not protrude from the end surface of the second rod 24b and can be accommodated on the end surface. In this state, if the convex portion is pressed toward the first rod 24a by the second rod 24b, the convex joint portion can be returned to a flat state.

(5) The first and second rods 24a and 24b are formed of a hard insulator that is not softened by the heat of the first and second temperature risers 22a and 22b.

According to this configuration, the first and second rods 24a and 24b are not softened by the heat generated by the first and second heating bodies 22a and 22b. Therefore, the first and second rods 24a and 24b can strongly press the plurality of aluminum plates 1a and 1b for solid phase bonding.

(6) The first and second temperature risers 22a and 22b are configured to be made of tungsten.

According to this configuration, there are the following effects. Tungsten is the most resistant material to high temperatures among metals. Therefore, when joining is performed by this method, the temperature of the material to be joined is raised to about half of the melting point of the material to be joined. It is possible to perform solid-phase bonding by raising the temperature of the material to be bonded while maintaining the above temperature.

(7) The first and second temperature risers 22a and 22b are made of the same material or different materials.

According to this configuration, there are the following effects. When a plurality of materials to be joined are different, for example, it is assumed that the material to be joined with which the first temperature riser 11a abuts is an aluminum plate and the material to be joined with which the second temperature riser 22b abuts is a resin plate. In this case, the appropriate heating temperature differs between the aluminum plate and the resin plate, and the aluminum plate side needs a heating element that maintains its shape even if the temperature is high, while the resin plate has a lower melting point than the aluminum plate, so the resin is used. It is not necessary to make the temperature riser on the side the same as that on the aluminum side. Therefore, the aluminum side can be a tungsten temperature riser, and the resin side can be an iron temperature riser. This has the effect of saving the required current due to the difference in the electrical resistance of the heating element. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the temperature-increasing body can be reduced.

(8) The first and second temperature risers 22a and 22b, and the first and second temperature risers 22a, which are arranged in a facing state so that a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be sandwiched and raise the temperature by energization. Each of the 22bs is provided with first and second rods 24a, 24b inserted into an insertion hole formed along the opposite direction to each other. A plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b are arranged between the separated first and second temperature risers 22a and 22b, the first temperature riser is moved, and the moving first temperature riser is an aluminum plate 1a and 1b. After abutting on the second heating element 22a, 22b, the first and second heating elements 22a, 22b are energized, and the first and second rods 24a, with respect to the first and second heating elements 22a, 22b, It was a method of infesting 24b.

According to this method, the joint portion of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b is pressed toward the second rod 24b by the first rod 24a so as to protrude in a convex shape. The convex joint portion of 1b is pressed toward the first rod 24a so as to be flat. As a result, a plurality of aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be solid-phase bonded in a flat state. That is, a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be solid-phase bonded so that deformation does not remain in the bonded portion.

(9) The temperatures of the first and second temperature risers 22a and 22b are measured by the thermocouples 23a and 23b, and when the measured temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b of the first rod 24a are used. The aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the second rod 24b in the direction opposite to the pressing after the pressing is performed for a predetermined time.

According to this method, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the first rod, and the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the second rod 24b in the direction opposite to the pressing. The joint can be made flat. Therefore, it is possible to automatically perform solid phase bonding in which no deformation remains in the bonded portion.

(10) The pressing of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b of the first rod 24a and the pressing of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b of the second rod 24b were alternately repeated a plurality of times.

According to this method, since the first and second rods 24a and 24b repeatedly press the aluminum plates 1a and 1b in opposite directions, the solid-phase bonding of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be further strengthened.

<Modified example of the embodiment>
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration and wiring of a joining device according to a modified example of the embodiment of the present invention.

The difference between the joining device 10A of the modified example shown in FIG. 9 and the joining device 10 (FIG. 3) of the above embodiment will be described. In the upper unit 14a, the temperature rising body 22a (FIG. 3) was replaced with a holding body 42a by an insulator. Further, the conductor 41a abuts between the inverted L-shaped portion 21a1 of the conductor and one side surface of the rod 24a as the conductor, and between the inverted L-shaped portion 21a2 of the conductor and the other side surface of the rod 24a. The conductor 41a was brought into contact with the surface. Further, the thermocouple 23a is embedded in the rod 24a instead of the heating element 22a (FIG. 3). The holder 21a is composed of inverted L-shaped portions 21a1,21a2.

Further, in the lower unit 14b, the temperature riser 22b (FIG. 3) was replaced with an insulator holding body 42b. Further, the conductor 41b abuts between the inverted L-shaped portion 21b1 of the conductor and one side surface of the rod 24b as the conductor, and the inverted L-shaped portion 21b2 of the conductor and the other side surface of the rod 24b are brought into contact with each other. The conductor 41b was brought into contact between them. Further, the thermocouple 23b is embedded in the rod 24b instead of the heating element 22b (FIG. 3). The holder 21b is composed of L-shaped portions 21b1, 21b2.

The sandwiching bodies 42a and 42b sandwich the aluminum plates 1a and 1b which are the materials to be joined.

The rods 24a and 24b press the aluminum plates 1a and 1b from above and below and heat the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. The rods 24a and 24b are made of a metal material having an electric resistance that self-heats to a required temperature when energized via the conductors 41a and 41b and has a strength that does not soften even when the temperature rises to the required temperature. When the rods 24a and 24b are energized, the temperature rises due to self-heating. That is, energization heating is performed. The material to be joined (for example, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b shown in FIG. 5) that are in contact with the rods 24a and 24b are heated at this heated high temperature.

The upper unit 14a having this configuration includes a holding body moving mechanism, which will be described later, and a first rod moving temperature raising mechanism. The holding body moving mechanism constitutes the holding body moving means according to claim.

The holding body moving mechanism includes a motor 31 (FIG. 2) of the upper unit 14a, a screw shaft 28, a nut portion 27, and a guide shaft 29.

The first rod moving temperature raising mechanism includes an air cylinder 26a attached to the holding body moving mechanism via a nut portion 27, a rod 24a attached to the lower end of the cylinder rod 6a2, and an inverted L-shaped portion 21a1,21a2. It is configured with.

The holding body 42a and the first rod moving temperature raising mechanism are moved up and down by the holding body moving mechanism. After holding the material to be joined by the holding body 42a by this raising and lowering, the first rod moving temperature raising mechanism energizes the rod 24a to raise the temperature of the material to be joined. Further, the first rod moving temperature raising mechanism is adapted to perform solid phase bonding by pressurizing the material to be bonded by pushing and pulling with the rod 24a.

The lower unit 14b includes a second rod moving temperature raising mechanism including an air cylinder 26b, a rod 24b attached to the upper end of the cylinder rod 6b2, and L-shaped portions 21b1,21b2. The rod 24b of the second rod moving temperature raising mechanism raises the temperature of the material to be joined, and further presses and pulls the rod 24b to pressurize the material to be joined to perform solid-phase bonding. The first rod moving temperature raising mechanism and the second rod moving raising temperature mechanism constitute the rod moving raising temperature means according to claim.

When the sensor detects the separation of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b of the upper holding body 42a (FIG. 4), the control unit 32 rotates the motor 31 clockwise, and the upper holding body 42a passes through the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. Control is performed to lower the lower holding body 42b until it comes into contact with the lower holding body 42b (FIG. 5).

When the sensor detects the pinch or contact state (FIG. 5), the control unit 32 rotates the motor 31 counterclockwise, and the upper pinch body 42a is separated from the aluminum plates 1a and 1b and the lower pinch body 42b (FIG. 4). ) Is controlled to raise it.

Further, the control unit 32 shown in FIG. 9 is predetermined to the transformer 15a from the energization control device 13a for the upper unit 14a via the primary cable 12a after the holding bodies 42a and 42b come into contact with the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. Controls the energization of the current and energization time. In response to this control, the transformer 15a supplies a current to the holding holder 42a via the secondary cables 16a on the plus side and the minus side. As a result, a current flows through the rod 24a via the conductor 41a, and heat is generated to a temperature at which the rod 24a does not melt. This heat generation is similarly performed in the lower unit 14b.

The thermocouples 23a and 23b embedded in the upper and lower rods 24a and 24b measure the heat generation temperature of the rods 24a and 24b, and output a temperature signal indicating the measured temperature to the control unit 32.

As described in the above embodiment, the control unit 32 controls the degree of opening / closing of the air supply valve and the exhaust valve (not shown) of the solenoid valves 33a and 33b according to the temperature of the temperature signal, and controls the opening / closing degree of the upper cylinder rod 6a2. It controls the descent and ascent, and also controls the descent and ascent of the lower cylinder rod 6b2.

<Operation of modified example>
Next, the operation when solid-phase joining a plurality of stacked metal plates 1a and 1b by the welding apparatus 10A of the modified example will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, when the overlapped joint portion of the two aluminum plates 1a and 1b is arranged between the holding bodies 42a and 42b separated vertically, the control unit shown in FIG. 9 At 32, the motor 31 is rotated clockwise to lower the upper holding body 42a as shown by an arrow in FIG. By this lowering, the upper and lower holding bodies 42a hold the aluminum plates 1a and 1b.

When this pinched state is detected by a sensor (not shown), the control unit 32 energizes the upper and lower rods 24a and 24b via the energization control devices 13a and 13b and the transformers 15a and 15b.

The upper and lower rods 24a and 24b generate heat due to this energization, and the temperature of this heat generation is measured by the thermocouples 23a and 23b. This measured temperature is output to the control unit 32 as a temperature signal.

When the temperature signal indicates a predetermined temperature, the control unit 32 closes the exhaust valve of the upper solenoid valve 33a, opens the air supply valve at a predetermined opening degree, and supplies air to the upper air cylinder 26a. The aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed downward by the lowering of the upper rod 24a in accordance with the lowering of the cylinder rod 6a2. At this time, the control unit 32 opens the exhaust valve of the lower solenoid valve 33b at a predetermined opening, closes the air supply valve, enables exhaust to the lower air cylinder 26b, and presses the upper rod 24a. The lower rod 24b can be lowered accordingly.

By this downward pressing control, the upper rod 24a presses (pressurizes) the aluminum plates 1a and 1b downward in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 6, and the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are convex toward the lower rod 24b. It sticks out and is solid-phase bonded. At this time, the lower rod 24b is slightly lowered.

Next, when the downward pressing is performed for a predetermined time, the control unit 32 opens the exhaust valve of the upper solenoid valve 33a at a predetermined opening degree, closes the air supply valve, and air from the air cylinder 26a. Can be exhausted.

At the same time, the control unit 32 closes the exhaust valve of the lower solenoid valve 33b, opens the air supply valve at a predetermined opening degree, supplies air to the lower air cylinder 26b, and raises the cylinder rod 6b2. In response to this rise, the lower rod 24b presses the aluminum plates 1a and 1b upward in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 7.

The upward pressing by the lower rod 24b is performed so that the pressing portions of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b change from the downward convex shape shown in FIG. 6 to the planar shape shown in FIG. 7. When the sensor detects that the lower rod 24b has returned to the plane position, the upper holding body 42a is raised according to the control of the control unit 32, and as shown in FIG. 8, the upper and lower holding bodies 42a and 42b are made of aluminum. It is in a state of being separated from each other via the plates 1a and 1b.

<Effect of modified example>
The effect of the joining device 10A of the modified example described above will be described.
(1) The joining device 10A (FIG. 9) includes a holding body 42a, 42b, a first and second rods 24a, 24b, a holding body moving mechanism (holding body moving means), and a rod moving temperature raising mechanism (rod moving). The configuration is provided with a temperature raising means).

(11) The upper and lower holding bodies 42a and 42b are arranged in a facing state so that a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b as joint materials can be held. The upper and lower rods 24a and 24b are inserted into the insertion holes formed in the sandwiching bodies 42a and 42b along the opposite directions, and the temperature is raised by energization. The holding body moving mechanism moves the holding body 42a including the upper rod 24a in a direction toward or away from the holding body 42b including the lower rod 24b. The rod moving temperature raising mechanism is configured to make the rods 24a and 24b appear and disappear with respect to the sandwiching bodies 42a and 42b, and to energize the rods 24a and 24b.

According to this configuration, there are the following effects. When a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b are arranged between the separated upper and lower holding bodies 42a and 42b, the holding body moving mechanism moves the upper holding body 42a via the aluminum plates 1a and 1b. It comes into contact with the lower holding body 42b. Next, when the upper and lower rods 24a and 24b are energized by the rod moving temperature raising mechanism, the rods 24a and 24b generate heat. When the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are heated and softened by this heat generation, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the upper rod 24a by the rod moving temperature raising mechanism. In response to this pressing, a plurality of aluminum plates 1a and 1b are solid-phase bonded. By pressing the upper rod 24a, the joint portion of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b protrudes convexly toward the lower 2 rod 24b. Next, the lower rod 24b is pressed toward the upper rod 24a by the rod moving temperature raising mechanism, and the convex joint portions of the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed in the opposite direction so that the convex portions become flat. .. As a result, the plurality of aluminum plates 1a and 1b are solid-phase bonded in a flat state. That is, a plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be solid-phase bonded so that deformation does not remain in the bonded portion.

(12) The joining device 10A is a sandwiching body according to the temperatures of the thermocouples 23a and 23b, which are temperature sensors for measuring the temperatures of the upper and lower rods 24a and 24b, and the rods 24a and 24b measured by the thermocouples 23a and 23b. It is provided with a control unit 32 that controls a movement mechanism and a rod movement temperature rise mechanism. Further, the control unit 32 causes the rod moving temperature raising means to press the upper rod 24a against the aluminum plates 1a and 1b when the measured temperature of the thermocouples 23a and 23b reaches a predetermined temperature. After the lapse of a predetermined time, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are controlled to be pressed by the lower rod 24b in the direction opposite to the pressing.

According to this configuration, when the measured temperature of the rods 24a and 24b by the thermocouples 23a and 23b reaches a predetermined temperature, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the upper rod 24a under the control of the control unit 32. After the pressing has elapsed for a predetermined time, the aluminum plates 1a and 1b are pressed by the lower rod 24b in the direction opposite to the pressing. Therefore, since the jointed portion of the plurality of stacked aluminum plates 1a and 1b can be made flat, solid-phase joining in which no deformation remains in the joined portion can be automatically performed.

In addition, the specific configuration can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. The raising and lowering operation of the upper unit 14a and the pushing and pulling operation of the first and second rods 24a and 24b of the embodiment may be performed by a hydraulic type and a motor drive type in addition to the pneumatic type by the air cylinders 26a and 26b described above. Further, the first and second heating elements 22a and 22b may be performed by a heating wire type or a high frequency induction heating type in addition to the above-mentioned energization heating. Further, the joining device 10 may be mounted on the robot, and the upper unit 14a and the lower unit 14b may be mounted on the arm of the robot.

10,10A Joining device 11 Joining body device 12a, 12b Primary side energizing cable 13a, 13b Energizing control device 14a Upper side joining unit 14b Lower side joining unit 15a, 15b Transformer 21a, 21b Heater holder 22a, 22b 23a, 23b Thermoelectric pair 24a, 24b Rod 26a, 26b Air cylinder 6a2, 6b2 Cylinder rod 27 Nut part 7a Screw hole 28 Screw shaft 29 Guide shaft 31 Motor 32 Control part 33a, 33b Electromagnetic valve 41a, 41b Conductor 42a, 42b body

Claims (12)

A first temperature-increasing body and a second temperature-increasing body, in which a plurality of stacked materials to be joined are arranged in a facing state so as to be sandwiched and the temperature is raised by energization,
A first rod and a second rod inserted into an insertion hole formed in each of the first temperature-increasing body and the second temperature-increasing body in a direction opposite to each other.
A heating element moving means for moving the first heating element including the first rod in a direction closer to or away from the second heating element including the second rod.
A joining device comprising a rod moving means for causing the first rod and the second rod to appear and disappear with respect to the first temperature raising body and the second temperature rising body. A temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the first and second temperature risers, and
A control unit for controlling the temperature raising body moving means and the rod moving means according to the temperatures of the first and second heating bodies measured by the temperature sensor is provided.
When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor reaches a predetermined temperature, the control unit causes the rod moving means to press the first rod against the material to be joined, and the pressing elapses for a predetermined time. The joining device according to claim 1, further comprising controlling the second rod to press the material to be joined in the direction opposite to the pressing. According to claim 1 or 2, the rod moving means moves the first rod and the second rod in the same direction with the material to be joined sandwiched between the first rod and the second rod. The joining device described. The joining device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the facing end faces of the first rod and the second rod have a larger area than the first rod. The first and second rods according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first and second rods are formed of a hard insulator that is not softened by the heat of the first and second temperature risers. Joining device. The joining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first and second heating elements are made of tungsten. The joining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first and second heating elements are made of the same material or different materials. A first temperature-increasing body and a second temperature-increasing body, in which a plurality of stacked materials to be joined are arranged in a facing state so as to be sandwiched and the temperature is raised by energization,
Each of the first temperature riser and the second temperature riser is provided with a first rod and a second rod inserted into an insertion hole formed along a direction facing each other.
A plurality of stacked materials to be joined are arranged between the first and second temperature risers separated from each other.
The first heating element is moved, and the material to be joined is sandwiched between the second heating element and the body.
Energize the first and second temperature risers to
A joining method, characterized in that the first rod and the second rod appear and disappear with respect to the first temperature riser and the second temperature riser. The temperature of the first and second heating elements is measured by a temperature sensor, and the temperature is measured.
When the measured temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the first rod is pressed against the material to be joined, and after the pressing has elapsed for a predetermined time, the second rod is joined in the direction opposite to the pressing. The joining method according to claim 8, wherein the material is pressed. The joining method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the pressing of the material to be joined of the first rod and the pressing of the material to be joined of the second rod are alternately repeated a plurality of times. A first sandwiching body and a second sandwiching body arranged so as to be able to sandwich a plurality of stacked materials to be joined,
The first rod and the second rod, which are inserted into the insertion holes formed in the first holding body and the second holding body along the opposite directions to each other and raise the temperature by energization,
A holding body moving means for moving the first holding body including the first rod in a direction toward or away from the second holding body including the second rod.
It is characterized by comprising a rod moving temperature raising means for causing the first rod and the second rod to appear and disappear with respect to the first holding body and the second holding body, and for energizing the first rod and the second rod. Joining device. A temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the first and second rods,
A control unit for controlling the holding body moving means and the rod moving raising temperature raising means according to the temperatures of the first and second rods measured by the temperature sensor is provided.
When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor reaches a predetermined temperature, the control unit causes the rod moving temperature raising means to press the first rod against the material to be joined, and the pressing is predetermined. The joining device according to claim 11, wherein after a lapse of time, a control is performed in which the material to be joined is pressed by the second rod in a direction opposite to the pressing.

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