JP2022059544A

JP2022059544A - motor

Info

Publication number: JP2022059544A
Application number: JP2020174993A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 正教横山; Masakazu Yokoyama
Original assignee: YOKOYAMA MASAKAZU
Current assignee: YOKOYAMA MASAKAZU
Priority date: 2020-10-01
Filing date: 2020-10-01
Publication date: 2022-04-13

Abstract

To solve the problem in which, when energized, an electromagnet generates a magnetic field of S and N poles near both ends, and when a permanent magnet is placed near it, repulsive and attractive forces act on it, but this force is not well utilized.MEANS: Permanent magnets are composed of electromagnets arranged peripherally along a rotary shaft and at both ends so that the magnetic surfaces of the same poles face the electromagnets, and are freely rotatable and attached to the rotary shaft. A motor is composed so that one of the permanent magnets is subjected to a repulsive force and the other to an attractive force to rotate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

Detailed description of the invention

この発明は、使用電流を抑制した高効率と高トルクのモーターに関する。The present invention relates to a high efficiency and high torque motor in which the working current is suppressed.

従来のモーターでは、電磁石のコイル巻線の巻き数とそこに流れる電流で発生する磁界の強さが決まることと、磁極近傍の発生磁界大きいところで大きい反発力と吸引力が生じるが、これを連動して、うまく利用していない。又回転中心に永久磁石又は電磁石を配するため、効率よくトルクをえることができない。In a conventional motor, the strength of the magnetic field generated by the number of turns of the coil winding of the electromagnet and the current flowing there is determined, and a large repulsive force and attractive force are generated where the generated magnetic field near the magnetic pole is large. And I haven't used it well. Moreover, since a permanent magnet or an electromagnet is arranged at the center of rotation, torque cannot be obtained efficiently.

最新オールカラークルマのメカニズム著者青山元男モーター技術監修者赤津観Latest All-Color Car Mechanism Author Motoo Aoyama Motor Technology Supervisor Kan Akatsu

Problems to be solved by the invention

電磁コイルは両端の近で強力な磁界を発生させ、永久磁石に対し反発力や吸引力を与えるが、近いとその力は大きく、離れと小さくなる特性をうまく利用していない。電磁石はコイルに通電で発生する磁界を利用しているが、必要磁界を得るため、過度な電流を使用するところが見受けられる。回転中心に磁石や電磁石を配すると、熱が発散しにくいし、コイルの巻き線も複雑になる。磁石が遠心力の影響を受け易い、回転トルク等で回転半径が制限され易い。The electromagnetic coil generates a strong magnetic field near both ends and gives a repulsive force and an attractive force to the permanent magnet, but the force is large when it is close, and it does not make good use of the characteristic that it becomes small when it is separated. The electromagnet uses the magnetic field generated by energizing the coil, but it can be seen that an excessive current is used to obtain the required magnetic field. Placing a magnet or electromagnet in the center of rotation makes it difficult for heat to dissipate and complicates coil winding. The magnet is easily affected by centrifugal force, and the radius of gyration is easily limited by rotational torque.

Means to solve problems

［図１］と［図２］おいて、本発明の基本的な考えを説明する。［図１］において、電磁石（１）の両端に配され、それに面するように▲Ｎ▼極のＮ永久磁石（２）と（２）と対▲Ｎ▼極のＮ永久磁石（３）は筐体（４）摺動可能にした連結棒（５）に取り付けられている。［図１］の（ａ）では、電源（６）の電池（７）とスイッチ（８）でコイル（９）矢印（→）方向に通電され、電磁石（１）の左側にＳ極、右側に▲Ｎ▼極になるようコイル（９）に電流が流されると、それに面する▲Ｎ▼極のＮ永久磁石（２）に吸引力が作用し、電磁石（１）の右側に▲Ｎ▼極ができ、それに面する▲Ｎ▼極の永久Ｎ永久磁石（３）に反発力が作用し、▲Ｎ▼極のＮ永久磁石（２）と▲Ｎ▼極のＮ永久磁石（３）は連結棒（５）で連結されているので、連結棒（５）には反発力と吸引力の合力が左から右方向に作用する。
［図１］の（ｂ）では電源（６）でスイッチ（８）が切り替えられて、コイル（９）に矢印方向（←）に通電され、電磁石（１）の左端にＮ極、右端にＳ極が生じる。それに面する▲Ｎ▼永久磁石（２）に反発力が作用し、右端では▲Ｎ▼永久磁石（３）に吸引力が作用し▲Ｎ▼永久磁石（２）と▲Ｎ▼永久磁石（３）は連結棒（５）で連結されているので、連結棒（５）には反発力と吸引力の合力が右から左方向に作用し、移動する。［図１］の（ｃ）状態になり、［図１］の（ｄ）では電源（６）のスイッチ（８）が切り替えられ、コイル（９）に矢印方向（→）に通電され右方向に移動する。この電源（６）に交流を流すと左右に振動することができる。
［図２］の（ａ）では、電源（６）の電池（７）とスイッチ（８）でコイル（９）矢印（→）方向に電磁石（１）の左側にＳ極、右側に▲Ｎ▼極になるようコイル（９）に電流を流すと、それに面するＳ極のＳ永久磁石（１０）に反発力が作用し、電磁石（１）の右側に▲Ｎ▼極ができ、それに面するＳ極のＳ永久磁石（１１）に吸引力が作用し、Ｓ極のＳ永久磁石（１０）とＳ極のＳ永久磁石（１１）は連結棒（４）で連結されているので、連結棒（４）には反発力と吸引力の合力が左方向に作用する。
［図２］の（ｂ）では電源（６）でスイッチ（８）が切り替えられて、コイル（９）に矢印方向（←）に通電され、電磁石（１）の左端にＮ極、右端にＳ極が生じる。それに面するＳ永久磁石（１０）に吸引力が作用し、右端ではＳ永久磁石（１１）に反発力が作用し、Ｓ永久磁石（１０）とＳ永久磁石（１１）は連結棒（５）で連結されているので、連結棒（５）には反発力と吸引力の合力が左から方向に作用し移動する。［図２］の（ｃ）状態になり、［図２］の（ｄ）では電源（６）のスイッチ（８）が切り替えられ、コイル（９）に矢印方向（→）に通電され、左方向に移動する。この電源（６）に交流を流すと左右に振動することができる。
［図３］は電磁石（１）を１個使用したモーター平面図であり、［図４］は電磁石（１）を１個使用したモーター断面図である。［図１］や［図２］に示す直線的な動きでは、吸引力と反発力を利用できないので、連結棒を回転軸に置き換えることで、［図３］と［図４］では、反発力と吸着力が利用できる。電磁石（１）はＮ永久磁石（２）とＮ永久磁石（３）に反発力と吸引力を作用させ回転がえられる。電磁石（１）のコイルに通電した状態が［図４］のようになって、電磁石（１）の上方にＳ極、下方にＮ極となり、上方のＮ永久磁石は吸引力が作用し、下方のＮ永久磁石（３）は反発力で、この［図３］と［図４］の状態である。ここで電磁石（１）に逆に通電すると、電磁石（１）の上方にはＮ極、下方にはＳ極となり、Ｎ永久磁石（２）は反発力で回転する。下方のＮ永久磁石（３）は上方のＮ永久磁石（２）と回転軸（１２）で連結されているので、回転し電磁石（１）下方のＳ極に吸引力で回転する。このように電磁石（１）に交流を通電すれば回転を続ける。
［図３］［図４］のＮ永久磁石（２）とＮ永久磁石（３）をＳ永久磁石（１０）とＳ永久磁石（１１）に置き換えても同様に回転できる。The basic idea of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In [FIG. 1], the N permanent magnets (2) and (2) of the ▲ N ▼ pole are arranged at both ends of the electromagnet (1), and the N permanent magnets (3) of the ▲ N ▼ pole are arranged so as to face them. The housing (4) is attached to a slidable connecting rod (5). In (a) of FIG. 1, the battery (7) and the switch (8) of the power supply (6) are energized in the direction of the coil (9) arrow (→), and the S pole is on the left side of the electromagnet (1) and on the right side. When a current is passed through the coil (9) so that it becomes a ▲ N ▼ pole, an attractive force acts on the N permanent magnet (2) of the ▲ N ▼ pole facing it, and the ▲ N ▼ pole is on the right side of the electromagnet (1). A repulsive force acts on the ▲ N ▼ pole permanent N permanent magnet (3) facing it, and the ▲ N ▼ pole N permanent magnet (2) and the ▲ N ▼ pole N permanent magnet (3) are connected. Since they are connected by the rod (5), the resultant force of the repulsive force and the suction force acts on the connecting rod (5) from the left to the right.
In (b) of FIG. 1, the switch (8) is switched by the power supply (6), the coil (9) is energized in the arrow direction (←), the N pole is on the left end of the electromagnet (1), and S is on the right end. A pole arises. A repulsive force acts on the ▲ N ▼ permanent magnet (2) facing it, and an attractive force acts on the ▲ N ▼ permanent magnet (3) at the right end. ▲ N ▼ permanent magnet (2) and ▲ N ▼ permanent magnet (3) ) Is connected by the connecting rod (5), so that the resultant force of the repulsive force and the suction force acts on the connecting rod (5) from the right to the left and moves. The state (c) of [Fig. 1] is reached, and in (d) of [Fig. 1], the switch (8) of the power supply (6) is switched, and the coil (9) is energized in the arrow direction (→) to the right. Moving. When alternating current is passed through this power supply (6), it can vibrate from side to side.
In (a) of [FIG. 2], the S pole is on the left side of the electromagnet (1) and the ▲ N ▼ is on the right side in the direction of the coil (9) arrow (→) with the battery (7) and switch (8) of the power supply (6). When a current is passed through the coil (9) so that it becomes a pole, a repulsive force acts on the S permanent magnet (10) of the S pole facing it, and a ▲ N ▼ pole is formed on the right side of the electromagnet (1) and faces it. An attractive force acts on the S permanent magnet (11) of the S pole, and the S permanent magnet (10) of the S pole and the S permanent magnet (11) of the S pole are connected by the connecting rod (4). In (4), the resultant force of the repulsive force and the suction force acts to the left.
In (b) of FIG. 2, the switch (8) is switched by the power supply (6), the coil (9) is energized in the arrow direction (←), the N pole is on the left end of the electromagnet (1), and S is on the right end. A pole arises. An attractive force acts on the S permanent magnet (10) facing it, a repulsive force acts on the S permanent magnet (11) at the right end, and the S permanent magnet (10) and the S permanent magnet (11) are connected to the connecting rod (5). Since they are connected by, the resultant force of the repulsive force and the suction force acts on the connecting rod (5) in the direction from the left and moves. The state (c) of [Fig. 2] is reached, and in (d) of [Fig. 2], the switch (8) of the power supply (6) is switched, the coil (9) is energized in the direction of the arrow (→), and the direction is left. Move to. When alternating current is passed through this power supply (6), it can vibrate from side to side.
[FIG. 3] is a plan view of a motor using one electromagnet (1), and [FIG. 4] is a cross-sectional view of the motor using one electromagnet (1). Since the suction force and the repulsive force cannot be used in the linear movement shown in [FIG. 1] and [FIG. 2], the repulsive force is obtained in [FIG. 3] and [FIG. 4] by replacing the connecting rod with the rotation axis. And adsorption power can be used. The electromagnet (1) can rotate by applying a repulsive force and an attractive force to the N permanent magnet (2) and the N permanent magnet (3). The state in which the coil of the electromagnet (1) is energized becomes as shown in [FIG. 4], and the S pole is above the electromagnet (1) and the N pole is below. The N permanent magnet (3) is a repulsive force and is in the state of [FIG. 3] and [FIG. 4]. Here, when the electromagnet (1) is energized in the opposite direction, an N pole is formed above the electromagnet (1) and an S pole is formed below the electromagnet (1), and the N permanent magnet (2) rotates due to a repulsive force. Since the lower N permanent magnet (3) is connected to the upper N permanent magnet (2) by a rotation shaft (12), it rotates and rotates to the lower S pole of the electromagnet (1) by attractive force. If alternating current is applied to the electromagnet (1) in this way, it will continue to rotate.
[FIG. 3] Even if the N permanent magnet (2) and the N permanent magnet (3) in [FIG. 4] are replaced with the S permanent magnet (10) and the S permanent magnet (11), the rotation can be performed in the same manner.

［図５］は電磁石（１）１個使用したモーター平面図であり、［図６］は電磁石（１）１個使用したモーター断面図である。［図６］において、左側の電磁石（１）の上方にＳ極、下方にＮ極が発生するように通電し、右側の電磁石（１）では上方にＳ極、下方にＮ極が発生するように通電する。この状態では左側上方のＮ永久磁石（２）右側下方のＮ永久磁石（３）、左側下方のＳ永久磁石（１０）、方のＳ永久磁石（１１）も電磁石（１）吸引され停止しているが、左側電と右側の電磁石（１）に逆の電流を通電すると、左側電磁石（１）の上方にＳ極下方にＮ極、右側電磁石（１）の上方にＮ極下方にＳ極が発生し、左側のＮ永久磁石とＳ永久磁石、右側のＳ永久磁石とＮ永久磁石に反発力を受け回転する。回転すると、右側上方のＮ永久磁石は右側電磁石（１）に、左側電磁石ともにＳ永久磁石とＮ永久磁石を吸引する。このように交流を通電すれば、回転する。
［図７］は電磁石（１）２個使用したモーター平で面図であり、［図８］は電磁石（１）２個使用したモーター断面図である。図左側の電磁石（１）の上方にＳ極、下方にＮ極を発生させ、２つの上方下方ともに吸引力が作用し、［図８］の状態となる。ここでこの２つの電磁石（１）に逆の電流を流すと、反発力でＮ永久磁石もＳ永久磁石も回転する。２つの電磁石（１）の中間に移動し、中間にあったＮ永久磁石とＳ永久磁石は回転し、それぞれの電磁石に吸引される。従ってこの２つの電磁石により、Ｓ永久磁石、Ｎ永久磁石に反発力、吸引力が得られて回転する。
［図９］は電磁石（１）２個使用したモーター平面図であり、［図１０］は電磁石（１）２個使用したモーター断面図である。［図７］［図８］では電磁石（１）２個の図を示したが、［図７］～［図１０］で示した様に、１個、２個の電磁石だけでなく３個、４個でも回転できることを示している。FIG. 5 is a plan view of a motor using one electromagnet (1), and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the motor using one electromagnet (1). In FIG. 6, energization is performed so that an S pole is generated above the left electromagnet (1) and an N pole is generated below, and an S pole is generated above and an N pole is generated below the right electromagnet (1). Energize. In this state, the N permanent magnet (2) on the upper left side, the N permanent magnet (3) on the lower right side, the S permanent magnet (10) on the lower left side, and the S permanent magnet (11) on the left side are also attracted by the electric magnet (1) and stopped. However, when the reverse current is applied to the left side electric magnet and the right side electric magnet (1), the N pole is above the left side electric magnet (1) and below the S pole, and above the right side electric magnet (1) is the S pole below the N pole. It is generated and rotates by receiving repulsive force from the N permanent magnet and S permanent magnet on the left side and the S permanent magnet and N permanent magnet on the right side. When rotated, the N permanent magnet on the upper right side attracts the S permanent magnet and the N permanent magnet together with the right side electromagnet (1). If alternating current is applied in this way, it will rotate.
FIG. 7 is a flat top view of a motor using two electromagnets (1), and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a motor using two electromagnets (1). An S pole is generated above the electromagnet (1) on the left side of the figure, and an N pole is generated below the electromagnet (1). Here, when a reverse current is passed through these two electromagnets (1), both the N permanent magnet and the S permanent magnet rotate due to the repulsive force. It moves to the middle of the two electromagnets (1), and the N permanent magnet and the S permanent magnet in the middle rotate and are attracted to each electromagnet. Therefore, by these two electromagnets, a repulsive force and an attractive force are obtained from the S permanent magnet and the N permanent magnet to rotate.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of a motor using two electromagnets (1), and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a motor using two electromagnets (1). [FIG. 7] and [FIG. 8] show two figures of the electromagnet (1), but as shown in [FIG. 7] to [FIG. 10], not only one and two electromagnets but also three. It shows that even four can be rotated.

The invention's effect

この発明では、電磁石の反発力と吸引力を連携させ、一方が強い時、他方は弱く、回転し徐々に力の関係が入れ替わり、連携して回転できる。電磁石両端の磁界を利用している。外周部に電磁石を設けて、最適な巻き線と永久磁石に最適な回転半径を設定し、最適な使用電流で回転トルクがえられる。熱も籠りにくい。電磁石を回転軸と並行に、最適なトルクをえる位置に設定し、効率よく回転力が得られる。また回転軸にＮ永久磁石用の連結とＳ永久磁石用の連結棒が使える構成したり、Ｎ永久磁石とＳ永久磁石の傾きを与えたりすることで効率向上に繋げたり、位置制御に応用できる、In the present invention, the repulsive force and the attractive force of the electromagnet are linked, and when one is strong, the other is weak and rotates, and the relationship of the forces gradually changes, and the electromagnet can rotate in cooperation. The magnetic field at both ends of the electromagnet is used. An electromagnet is provided on the outer circumference to set the optimum winding radius and the optimum turning radius for the permanent magnet, and the rotational torque can be obtained with the optimum working current. It is hard to keep heat. The electromagnet is set in parallel with the rotation axis at a position where the optimum torque can be obtained, and the rotational force can be obtained efficiently. In addition, the rotating shaft can be configured so that a connecting rod for N permanent magnets and a connecting rod for S permanent magnets can be used, and by giving the inclination of the N permanent magnets and S permanent magnets, it can be connected to efficiency improvement and can be applied to position control. ,

本発明の基本動作説明図（電磁石の端部に向いた極がＮ極の永久磁石） Basic operation explanatory diagram of the present invention (permanent magnet whose pole facing the end of the electromagnet is N pole) 本発明の基本動作説明図（電磁石の端部に向いた極がＳ極の永久磁石） Basic operation explanatory diagram of the present invention (permanent magnet whose pole facing the end of the electromagnet is the S pole) 本発明（１電磁石）の平面図 Plan view of the present invention (1 electromagnet) 本発明（１電磁石）の断面図 Cross-sectional view of the present invention (1 electromagnet) 本発明（１電磁石）の平面図 Plan view of the present invention (1 electromagnet) 本発明（１電磁石）の断面図 Cross-sectional view of the present invention (1 electromagnet) 本発明（２電磁石）の平面図 Plan view of the present invention (two electromagnets) 本発明（２電磁石）の断面図 Sectional drawing of the present invention (two electromagnets) 本発明（１電磁石）の平面図 Plan view of the present invention (1 electromagnet) 本発明（１電磁石）の断面図 Cross-sectional view of the present invention (1 electromagnet)

１電磁石
２ ▲Ｎ▼永久磁石
３２と対の永久Ｎ磁石
４筐体
５連結棒
６電源
７電池
８スイッチ
９コイル
１０Ｓ永久磁石
１１１０と対の永久Ｓ磁石
１２回転軸1 Electromagnet 2 ▲ N ▼ Permanent magnet 3 Permanent N magnet paired with 2 4 Housing 5 Connecting rod 6 Power supply 7 Battery 8 Switch 9 Coil 10 S Permanent magnet 11 Permanent S magnet 12 paired with 10 Rotating shaft

Claims

An electromagnet arranged around the axis of rotation along it, a pair of permanent magnets arranged at both ends of the electromagnet, having the same magnetic poles with respect to the end face of the electromagnet, and rotatably supported, and an electromagnet. A motor characterized by having a power supply that supplies electricity and a housing that supports them.