JP6304124B2 - Engagement system and brake system and clutch system using the same - Google Patents
Engagement system and brake system and clutch system using the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP6304124B2 JP6304124B2 JP2015099429A JP2015099429A JP6304124B2 JP 6304124 B2 JP6304124 B2 JP 6304124B2 JP 2015099429 A JP2015099429 A JP 2015099429A JP 2015099429 A JP2015099429 A JP 2015099429A JP 6304124 B2 JP6304124 B2 JP 6304124B2
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Description
本発明は、永久磁石の着磁を利用した係合システム及びそれを用いたブレーキシステム及びクラッチシステムに関する。 The present invention relates to an engagement system using magnetization of a permanent magnet, and a brake system and a clutch system using the engagement system.
ハウジング内に固定されたリング状コア部材、コア部材の環状溝に収容された励磁コイル、及びコア部材の環状溝に対向して配置され、スプリングによってコア部材と離間するように付勢されたアーマチュア部材を備えた電磁ブレーキが開示されている（特許文献１）。当該構成では、励磁コイルに通電することで発生する磁力によってアーマチュア部材をスプリングの付勢力に対抗してコアに引き寄せ、摩擦力により回転軸にブレーキを掛けることができる。 A ring-shaped core member fixed in the housing, an exciting coil accommodated in an annular groove of the core member, and an armature disposed opposite to the annular groove of the core member and biased away from the core member by a spring An electromagnetic brake including a member is disclosed (Patent Document 1). In this configuration, the armature member can be attracted to the core against the urging force of the spring by the magnetic force generated by energizing the exciting coil, and the rotating shaft can be braked by the frictional force.
ところで、従来の電磁ブレーキでは、スプリング等によって付勢された状態からスプリングの力に対抗する磁力を印加してブレーキを係合又は開放させるため、係合時又は開放時のいずれかにおいて励磁コイルに常時通電しておく必要がある。したがって、励磁コイルへの通電による電力の損失が生じる。 By the way, in the conventional electromagnetic brake, a magnetic force that opposes the force of the spring is applied from a state urged by a spring or the like to engage or release the brake. It is necessary to energize at all times. Therefore, power loss due to energization of the exciting coil occurs.
本発明の１つの態様は、第１永久磁石と、第２永久磁石と、中空円盤状の第１部材と、前記第１部材の回転軸と同軸であり前記第１部材の内周面と対向するように外周面が位置するように前記第１部材の中空部に配置され、前記第１部材に対して係合及び開放可能な円盤状の第２部材と、制御手段と、を備え、前記第２永久磁石は、前記第１部材の周方向に沿って、その磁極方向が前記回転軸方向に向くように配置され、前記第１永久磁石は、前記第１部材の周方向に沿って、その磁極が当該周方向に向くように配置され、前記制御手段は、前記第２永久磁石の着磁状態を変化させることにより、前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合された係合状態、又は、前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合されていない開放状態のいずれか一方の状態に制御することを特徴とする係合システムである。 One aspect of the present invention includes a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet, a hollow disk-shaped first member, and the same axis as the rotation axis of the first member , and facing the inner peripheral surface of the first member. is disposed in the hollow portion of the first member so that the outer peripheral surface is positioned so that, with a second member of the engagement and openable disk-shaped with respect to said first member, and a control unit, the said The second permanent magnet is arranged along the circumferential direction of the first member so that the magnetic pole direction thereof faces the rotation axis direction, and the first permanent magnet is arranged along the circumferential direction of the first member, The magnetic poles are arranged so as to face in the circumferential direction, and the control means changes the magnetization state of the second permanent magnet, whereby the second member is engaged with the first member. Or, the second member is restricted to one of the open states in which the second member is not engaged with the first member. It is engagement system characterized by.
ここで、前記制御手段は、前記第２永久磁石の磁束密度を変化させることが好適である。 Here, it is preferable that the control means changes a magnetic flux density of the second permanent magnet.
また、前記制御手段は、前記第２永久磁石の極性を逆転させることにより、前記第１部材と前記第２部材とを係合状態又は開放状態に制御することが好適である。 Further, it is preferable that the control means controls the first member and the second member in an engaged state or a released state by reversing the polarity of the second permanent magnet.
また、前記制御手段は、前記第２永久磁石の磁束密度を変化させることにより、前記係合状態における前記第２部材の前記第１部材に対する係合力を制御することが好適である。 Further, it is preferable that the control means controls the engaging force of the second member with respect to the first member in the engaged state by changing a magnetic flux density of the second permanent magnet.
また、前記第２永久磁石の外周に励磁コイルが配置され、前記制御手段は、前記励磁コイルを制御することにより、前記第２永久磁石の着磁状態を制御することを特徴とすることが好適である。 Preferably, an excitation coil is disposed on an outer periphery of the second permanent magnet, and the control means controls the magnetization state of the second permanent magnet by controlling the excitation coil. It is.
また、前記第２永久磁石は、中空筒形状であり、前記第２永久磁石は、中空部に固定部材を通して前記第１部材に固定されることが好適である。 In addition, it is preferable that the second permanent magnet has a hollow cylindrical shape, and the second permanent magnet is fixed to the first member through a fixing member in a hollow portion.
また、前記第１部材の前記第２部材との対向面には、前記第２部材に向けられた第１凸部が設けられ、前記第２部材の前記第１部材との対向面には、前記第１部材に向けられた第２凸部が設けられ、前記係合状態において、前記第１凸部と前記第２凸部とが空隙を介して対向した状態で前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合することが好適である。 Further, wherein the opposing surfaces of the second member of the first member, the first convex portion is provided directed to the second member, the surface facing the said first member of said second member, A second convex portion directed to the first member is provided, and in the engaged state, the second member is in the state in which the first convex portion and the second convex portion are opposed to each other through a gap; It is preferable to engage one member.
また、前記係合状態において、前記第１部材と前記第２部材とが当接することにより生ずる摩擦力により前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合することが好適である。 In the engaged state, it is preferable that the second member is engaged with the first member by a frictional force generated by contact between the first member and the second member.
また、前記第１部材の前記第２部材との対向面には、前記第２部材に向けられた第１凸部が設けられ、前記第２部材の前記第１部材との対向面には、前記第１部材に向けられた第２凸部が設けられ、前記係合状態において、前記第１凸部と前記第２凸部とが機械的に係合した状態で前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合することが好適である。
Further, wherein the opposing surfaces of the second member of the first member, the first convex portion is provided directed to the second member, the surface facing the said first member of said second member, A second convex portion directed to the first member is provided, and in the engaged state, the second member is in the state in which the first convex portion and the second convex portion are mechanically engaged. It is preferable to engage one member.
また、前記第１部材は、前記第１永久磁石及び前記第２永久磁石に対して固定された部材であり、前記第２部材は、前記第１部材に対して所定方向に相対的に移動する部材であり、前記第２永久磁石は、前記第１永久磁石に対して対向方向及び前記所定方向に直交する位置に配置されることが好適である。この係合システムは、ブレーキシステムに適用することができる。 The first member is a member fixed to the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the second member moves relative to the first member in a predetermined direction. It is a member, and it is preferable that the second permanent magnet is disposed at a position orthogonal to the first permanent magnet and in the opposing direction and the predetermined direction. This engagement system can be applied to a brake system.
前記第１部材は、前記第１永久磁石及び前記第２永久磁石に対して相対的に移動する部材であり、前記第２部材は、前記第１部材に対して所定方向に相対的に移動する部材であり、前記第２永久磁石は、前記第１永久磁石に対して対向方向及び前記所定方向に直交する位置に配置されることが好適である。この係合システムは、クラッチシステムに適用することができる。 The first member is a member that moves relative to the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the second member moves relative to the first member in a predetermined direction. It is a member, and it is preferable that the second permanent magnet is disposed at a position orthogonal to the first permanent magnet and in the opposing direction and the predetermined direction. This engagement system can be applied to a clutch system.
本発明によれば、着磁時のみ電力を消費し、無電力で係合状態及び開放状態を維持することができる係合システム及びそれを用いたブレーキシステムを提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an engagement system capable of consuming electric power only during magnetization and maintaining the engaged state and the released state with no power, and a brake system using the engagement system.
＜係合システムの基本構成＞
本発明の実施の形態における係合システム１００は、図１の原理図に示すように、第１永久磁石１０、第２永久磁石１２、励磁コイル１４、第１ヨーク部材１６及び第２ヨーク部材１８を含んで構成される。
<Basic configuration of the engagement system>
As shown in the principle diagram of FIG. 1, the engagement system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a first permanent magnet 10, a second permanent magnet 12, an excitation coil 14, a first yoke member 16, and a second yoke member 18. It is comprised including.
第１永久磁石１０及び第２永久磁石１２は、第１ヨーク部材１６の一部を切り欠いた部分に配置され、第１永久磁石１０、第２永久磁石１２及び第１ヨーク部材１６によって磁気的な閉回路が構成される。第１ヨーク部材１６は、第１永久磁石１０のＮ極と第２永久磁石１２のＮ極又はＳ極とを繋ぎ、第１永久磁石１０のＳ極と第２永久磁石１２のＳ極又はＮ極とを繋ぐように配置される。また、第２ヨーク部材１８は、当該閉回路の第１永久磁石１０に対して対向して間隙をもって配置される。 The first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 are disposed in a part of the first yoke member 16 that is cut away, and are magnetically coupled by the first permanent magnet 10, the second permanent magnet 12, and the first yoke member 16. A closed circuit. The first yoke member 16 connects the N pole of the first permanent magnet 10 and the N pole or S pole of the second permanent magnet 12, and the S pole of the first permanent magnet 10 and the S pole or N of the second permanent magnet 12. Arranged to connect the poles. Further, the second yoke member 18 is disposed with a gap so as to face the first permanent magnet 10 of the closed circuit.
励磁コイル１４は、第２永久磁石１２を着磁できるように、第２永久磁石１２の磁極方向に向けて磁界が生成されるように第２永久磁石１２の周囲に配置される。励磁コイル１４に対して電流を流すことによって第２永久磁石１２を着磁することができる。 The exciting coil 14 is arranged around the second permanent magnet 12 so that a magnetic field is generated toward the magnetic pole direction of the second permanent magnet 12 so that the second permanent magnet 12 can be magnetized. The second permanent magnet 12 can be magnetized by passing a current through the exciting coil 14.
第１永久磁石１０及び第２永久磁石１２の動作点は、パーミアンス直線（磁石形状や磁気回路等で決定される直線）と減磁曲線との交点で決定される。例えば、図２に示すようなパーミアンス曲線（破線）をもつ磁石の場合、アルニコ磁石（Ａｌｎｉｃｏ５）の動作点は点Ａとなり、ネオジム磁石の動作点は点Ｂとなる。すなわち、アルニコ磁石は、ネオジム磁石よりも着磁が容易であるが、ネオジム磁石の１／３程度の磁束密度しか得られない。一方、ネオジム磁石は、アルニコ磁石より着磁が困難であるが、アルニコ磁石よりも強い磁力が得られる。 The operating points of the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 are determined by the intersection of a permeance straight line (a straight line determined by a magnet shape, a magnetic circuit, etc.) and a demagnetization curve. For example, in the case of a magnet having a permeance curve (broken line) as shown in FIG. 2, the operating point of the alnico magnet (Alnico 5) is the point A, and the operating point of the neodymium magnet is the point B. That is, alnico magnets are easier to magnetize than neodymium magnets, but can only provide a magnetic flux density of about 1/3 that of neodymium magnets. On the other hand, neodymium magnets are harder to magnetize than alnico magnets, but can provide a stronger magnetic force than alnico magnets.
そこで、第１永久磁石１０及び第２永久磁石１２としてこれらの特性の異なる磁石をそれぞれ用いて、着磁時のみに電力を消費し、係合時及び開放時において電力を消費しない係合システム１００を構成する。本実施の形態では、第２永久磁石１２は、励磁コイル１４へ電流を供給した際に生ずる磁界によって第１永久磁石１０よりも着磁され易い磁石、
すなわち低保持力の磁石とする。例えば、第１永久磁石１０としてネオジム磁石を用い、第２永久磁石１２としてアルニコ磁石を用いることが好適である。
Therefore, using the magnets having different characteristics as the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 respectively, the engagement system 100 that consumes power only during magnetization and does not consume power during engagement and release. Configure. In the present embodiment, the second permanent magnet 12 is a magnet that is more easily magnetized than the first permanent magnet 10 by a magnetic field generated when a current is supplied to the exciting coil 14.
That is, a magnet having a low holding force is used. For example, it is preferable to use a neodymium magnet as the first permanent magnet 10 and an alnico magnet as the second permanent magnet 12.
図３（ａ）は、第１永久磁石１０のＮ極と第２永久磁石１２のＳ極とが第１ヨーク部材１６によって接続され、第１永久磁石１０のＳ極と第２永久磁石１２のＮ極とが第１ヨーク部材１６によって接続されるように励磁コイル１４によって第２永久磁石１２を着磁した状態を示す。このような状態では、第１永久磁石１０と第２永久磁石１２とが第１ヨーク部材１６によって直列に接続されており、第１ヨーク部材１６内に磁束が閉じ込められ、第２ヨーク部材１８に対する吸引力が生じない。すなわち、第２ヨーク部材１８は第１ヨーク部材１６側に吸引されず、係合システム１００は開放状態となる。 In FIG. 3A, the N pole of the first permanent magnet 10 and the S pole of the second permanent magnet 12 are connected by the first yoke member 16, and the S pole of the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 are connected. A state in which the second permanent magnet 12 is magnetized by the exciting coil 14 so as to be connected to the N pole by the first yoke member 16 is shown. In such a state, the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 are connected in series by the first yoke member 16, the magnetic flux is confined in the first yoke member 16, and the second yoke member 18 is No suction force is generated. That is, the second yoke member 18 is not attracted to the first yoke member 16 side, and the engagement system 100 is in an open state.
図３（ｂ）は、第１永久磁石１０のＮ極と第２永久磁石１２のＮ極とが第１ヨーク部材１６によって接続され、第１永久磁石１０のＳ極と第２永久磁石１２のＳ極とが第１ヨーク部材１６によって接続されるように励磁コイル１４によって第２永久磁石１２を着磁した状態を示す。すなわち、図３（ａ）に示したような状態から励磁コイル１４によって発生する磁界を用いて第２永久磁石１２の極性が逆転するように着磁状態を変化させた状態を示している。このような状態では、第１永久磁石１０と第２永久磁石１２とが第１ヨーク部材１６によって並列に接続されており、第１ヨーク部材１６から第２ヨーク部材１８へと磁束が通り、第１ヨーク部材１６と第２ヨーク部材１８との間に吸引力が生じる。すなわち、第２ヨーク部材１８は第１ヨーク部材１６側に吸引され、係合システム１００は非接触の係合状態となる。また、第２永久磁石１２の磁束密度を変化させることで、第１ヨーク部材１６と第２ヨーク部材１８との間に生ずる吸引力を調整することができる。 In FIG. 3B, the N pole of the first permanent magnet 10 and the N pole of the second permanent magnet 12 are connected by the first yoke member 16, and the S pole of the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 are connected. A state in which the second permanent magnet 12 is magnetized by the exciting coil 14 so as to be connected to the S pole by the first yoke member 16 is shown. That is, the magnetized state is changed so that the polarity of the second permanent magnet 12 is reversed using the magnetic field generated by the exciting coil 14 from the state shown in FIG. In such a state, the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 are connected in parallel by the first yoke member 16, and the magnetic flux passes from the first yoke member 16 to the second yoke member 18. A suction force is generated between the first yoke member 16 and the second yoke member 18. That is, the second yoke member 18 is attracted to the first yoke member 16 side, and the engagement system 100 is brought into a non-contact engagement state. Further, the attractive force generated between the first yoke member 16 and the second yoke member 18 can be adjusted by changing the magnetic flux density of the second permanent magnet 12.
このように、第１永久磁石１０と第２永久磁石１２との着磁特性の差を利用して、励磁コイル１４に電流を流すことによって生ずる外部磁界を用いて第２永久磁石１２の極性のみを反転させることで係合システム１００の開放状態と係合状態とを切り替えることができる。第２永久磁石１２を一旦着磁すればその状態が保持されるので、励磁コイル１４には着磁時のみに電力を供給すればよい。すなわち、開放状態と係合状態を保持するために電力を消費しないので省電力の係合システム１００を実現することができる。 As described above, only the polarity of the second permanent magnet 12 is obtained by using the external magnetic field generated by passing a current through the exciting coil 14 by utilizing the difference in magnetization characteristics between the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12. Can be switched between an open state and an engaged state of the engagement system 100. Since the state is maintained once the second permanent magnet 12 is magnetized, power may be supplied to the exciting coil 14 only during magnetization. That is, since power is not consumed to maintain the released state and the engaged state, the power saving engagement system 100 can be realized.
＜ブレーキシステムへの応用＞
図４〜図６は、本実施の形態における係合システム１００を用いたブレーキシステム２００の具体例を示す図である。図４は、ブレーキシステム２００の平面図を示し、図５は、図４におけるラインＡ−Ａに沿った断面図を示す。また、図６は、ブレーキシステム２００の一部を切り欠いた斜視図を示す。ブレーキシステム２００は、固定部材２０２及び回転部材２０４を組み合わせて構成される。
<Application to brake system>
4-6 is a figure which shows the specific example of the brake system 200 using the engagement system 100 in this Embodiment. FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the brake system 200, and FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view along line AA in FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view in which a part of the brake system 200 is cut away. The brake system 200 is configured by combining a fixed member 202 and a rotating member 204.
固定部材２０２は、第１永久磁石１０、第２永久磁石１２、励磁コイル１４及び固定プレート２０ａ，２０ｂを組み合わせ構成される。固定部材２０２は、ブレーキシステム２００のハウジング（図示しない）等に固定される。固定プレート２０ａと固定プレート２０ｂは、中空円盤状の磁性体材料からなり、所定の間隙をもって互いに向かい合わせて配置される。 The fixed member 202 is configured by combining the first permanent magnet 10, the second permanent magnet 12, the exciting coil 14, and the fixed plates 20a and 20b. The fixing member 202 is fixed to a housing (not shown) of the brake system 200 or the like. The fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b are made of a hollow disk-like magnetic material, and are arranged to face each other with a predetermined gap.
固定プレート２０ａには円周方向に沿って所定間隔で切り欠き部２２が設けられる。本実施の形態では、３０°の等間隔で切り欠き部２２が設けられた例を示している。切り欠き部２２内の各々には、周方向に沿って磁極方向が向くように第１永久磁石１０が配置される。第１永久磁石１０は、周方向に沿って同極同士、すなわちＮ極とＮ極又はＳ極とＳ極とが向かい合うように配置される。 The fixed plate 20a is provided with notches 22 at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, an example in which the cutout portions 22 are provided at equal intervals of 30 ° is shown. The first permanent magnet 10 is disposed in each of the cutout portions 22 so that the magnetic pole direction faces along the circumferential direction. The 1st permanent magnet 10 is arrange | positioned so that the same poles, ie, N pole and N pole, or S pole and S pole may face each other along the circumferential direction.
また、固定プレート２０ａと固定プレート２０ｂの間に、周方向に沿って第２永久磁石１２及び励磁コイル１４が配置される。第２永久磁石１２及び励磁コイル１４は、第１永久磁石１０の配置間隔に合わせた間隔で設けられる。本実施の形態では、３０°間隔で配置された第１永久磁石１０に合わせて、第１永久磁石１０の両側にそれぞれ第２永久磁石１２及び励磁コイル１４が配置される。このとき、第２永久磁石１２は、第１永久磁石１０に対して対向方向及び回転部材２０４の回転方向に直交する位置に配置される。すなわち、第２永久磁石１２は、磁極方向が回転部材２０４の回転軸方向（アキシャル方向）に向き、励磁コイル１４は、第２永久磁石１２を当該磁極方向に着磁できるような方向に磁界を生じさせるように配置される。本実施の形態では、中空筒形状の第２永久磁石１２の外周を励磁コイル１４で巻回するように構成した例を示している。第２永久磁石１２及び励磁コイル１４は、ボルト及びナット等からなる固定部材２４により固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂに取付けられる。 Moreover, the 2nd permanent magnet 12 and the exciting coil 14 are arrange | positioned along the circumferential direction between the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b. The second permanent magnet 12 and the exciting coil 14 are provided at an interval that matches the arrangement interval of the first permanent magnet 10. In the present embodiment, the second permanent magnet 12 and the exciting coil 14 are arranged on both sides of the first permanent magnet 10 in accordance with the first permanent magnet 10 arranged at intervals of 30 °. At this time, the second permanent magnet 12 is disposed at a position orthogonal to the first permanent magnet 10 in the facing direction and the rotation direction of the rotating member 204. That is, the second permanent magnet 12 has a magnetic pole direction in the rotation axis direction (axial direction) of the rotating member 204, and the exciting coil 14 applies a magnetic field in a direction that can magnetize the second permanent magnet 12 in the magnetic pole direction. Arranged to produce. In the present embodiment, an example in which the outer periphery of the hollow cylindrical second permanent magnet 12 is wound around the exciting coil 14 is shown. The 2nd permanent magnet 12 and the exciting coil 14 are attached to the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b by the fixing member 24 which consists of a volt | bolt, a nut, etc.
回転部材２０４は、回転プレート３０ａ及び回転軸３０ｂを含んで構成される。回転プレート３０ａは、円盤形状であり、中空円盤状の固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂの中空部に、固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂの内周面と所定の間隙をもって配置される。回転軸３０ｂは、回転プレート３０ａと共に固定部材２０２に対して相対的に回転可能となるように回転プレート３０ａの中心軸に固定される。回転軸３０ｂは、エンジンやモータ等の回転駆動手段に接続され、回転プレート３０ａと共に回転させられる。 The rotating member 204 includes a rotating plate 30a and a rotating shaft 30b. The rotating plate 30a has a disk shape, and is disposed in a hollow portion of the hollow disk-shaped fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b with a predetermined gap from the inner peripheral surfaces of the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b. The rotating shaft 30b is fixed to the central axis of the rotating plate 30a so as to be rotatable relative to the fixing member 202 together with the rotating plate 30a. The rotating shaft 30b is connected to rotation driving means such as an engine or a motor, and is rotated together with the rotating plate 30a.
なお、固定部材２０２と回転部材２０４との間の磁気的な結合を強めるために、固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂの内周面及び回転プレート３０ａの外周面に突極構造を設けてもよい。すなわち、固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂの回転プレート３０ａとの係合面に回転プレート３０ａに向けられた第１凸部２０ｃを設ける。また、回転プレート３０ａの固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂとの係合面に固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂに向けられた第２凸部３０ｃを設ける。これにより、第１凸部２０ｃと第２凸部３０ｃとが向き合った状態において最も磁気的抵抗が小さくなり、固定部材２０２と回転部材２０４との間の磁気的吸引力が最も強くなる。したがって、固定部材２０２と回転部材２０４は、第１凸部２０ｃと第２凸部３０ｃとが空隙を介して対向した状態において係合状態となる。 In order to strengthen the magnetic coupling between the fixed member 202 and the rotating member 204, salient pole structures may be provided on the inner peripheral surfaces of the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary plate 30a. That is, the 1st convex part 20c orient | assigned to the rotation plate 30a is provided in the engagement surface with the rotation plate 30a of the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b. Further, the second protrusion 30c directed to the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b is provided on the engaging surface of the rotary plate 30a with the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b. Thereby, the magnetic resistance becomes the smallest in the state where the first convex portion 20c and the second convex portion 30c face each other, and the magnetic attractive force between the fixed member 202 and the rotating member 204 becomes the strongest. Therefore, the fixing member 202 and the rotating member 204 are in an engaged state in a state where the first convex portion 20c and the second convex portion 30c face each other with a gap.
ブレーキシステム２００において、各第１永久磁石１０とその両側に配置されている第２永久磁石１２の磁極をＮ極とＳ極が向かい合うように各第２永久磁石１２を着磁すると、図７（ａ）に示すように、第１永久磁石１０及び第２永久磁石１２の磁束は固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂ内に閉じ込められる。この場合、回転部材２０４と固定部材２０２の間に吸引力は生じず、回転部材２０４は固定部材２０２に対して開放された状態となる。一方、各第１永久磁石１０とその両側に配置されている第２永久磁石１２の磁極をＮ極とＮ極及びＳ極とＳ極が向かい合うように各第２永久磁石１２を着磁すると、図７（ｂ）に示すように、第１永久磁石１０及び第２永久磁石１２の磁束が固定プレート２０ａ及び固定プレート２０ｂから回転プレート３０ａを通るように磁路が形成される。この場合、回転部材２０４と固定部材２０２の間に吸引力が生じ、回転部材２０４は固定部材２０２に対して係合された状態となる。 In the brake system 200, when the second permanent magnets 12 are magnetized so that the N poles and the S poles face each other, the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnets 10 and the second permanent magnets 12 arranged on both sides thereof are shown in FIG. As shown to a), the magnetic flux of the 1st permanent magnet 10 and the 2nd permanent magnet 12 is confined in the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b. In this case, no suction force is generated between the rotating member 204 and the fixing member 202, and the rotating member 204 is open to the fixing member 202. On the other hand, when each second permanent magnet 12 is magnetized such that the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnets 10 and the second permanent magnets 12 arranged on both sides thereof face the N pole and the N pole, and the S pole and the S pole face each other, As shown in FIG. 7B, a magnetic path is formed so that the magnetic fluxes of the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 pass from the fixed plate 20a and the fixed plate 20b to the rotating plate 30a. In this case, a suction force is generated between the rotating member 204 and the fixed member 202, and the rotating member 204 is engaged with the fixed member 202.
このように、第１永久磁石１０と第２永久磁石１２との着磁特性の差を利用して、励磁コイル１４に電流を流すことによって生ずる外部磁界を用いて第２永久磁石１２の極性のみを反転させることでブレーキシステム２００の開放状態と係合状態とを切り替えることができる。 As described above, only the polarity of the second permanent magnet 12 is obtained by using the external magnetic field generated by passing a current through the exciting coil 14 by utilizing the difference in magnetization characteristics between the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12. Can be switched between an open state and an engaged state of the brake system 200.
また、第２永久磁石１２を径方向に配置せず、回転軸方向（アキシャル方向）に配置することによってブレーキシステム２００のクラッチ径を大きくすることができる。したがって、同一のクラッチ径をもつブレーキシステム２００を構成する場合には、第２永久磁石１２を径方向に配置した構成に比べてブレーキシステム２００を小型化することができる。 Also, the clutch diameter of the brake system 200 can be increased by arranging the second permanent magnet 12 in the rotational axis direction (axial direction) without arranging it in the radial direction. Therefore, when the brake system 200 having the same clutch diameter is configured, the brake system 200 can be downsized compared to the configuration in which the second permanent magnets 12 are arranged in the radial direction.
また、第２永久磁石１２を中空筒形状とし、第２永久磁石１２の中空部に固定部材２４を通して固定することによって、第２永久磁石１２を構造部材の一部として活用できるのでブレーキシステム２００の機械的強度を高めることができる。また、第２永久磁石１２を構造部材として活用しない場合に比べて、機械的強度を高めるための他の構造部材を少なくすることができ、ブレーキシステム２００を小型化することができる。 Moreover, since the 2nd permanent magnet 12 can be utilized as a part of structural member by making the 2nd permanent magnet 12 into a hollow cylinder shape and fixing to the hollow part of the 2nd permanent magnet 12 through the fixing member 24, the brake system 200 of FIG. Mechanical strength can be increased. Moreover, compared with the case where the 2nd permanent magnet 12 is not utilized as a structural member, the other structural member for raising mechanical strength can be decreased, and the brake system 200 can be reduced in size.
また、第２永久磁石１２の外周部に励磁コイル１４を配置した構成とすることによって、第２永久磁石１２を着磁する際の漏れ磁束を低減でき、ブレーキシステム２００を省電力化及び小型化することができる。 Further, by adopting a configuration in which the exciting coil 14 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the second permanent magnet 12, the leakage magnetic flux when the second permanent magnet 12 is magnetized can be reduced, and the brake system 200 can be reduced in power consumption and reduced in size. can do.
なお、隣り合う第１永久磁石１０の間に配置された２つの第２永久磁石１２の着磁方向は常に同一であるので、図８に示すように、当該２つの第２永久磁石１２を１つの第２永久磁石１２としてもよい。これにより、ブレーキシステム２００の構造をより簡略化することができる。 Since the magnetization directions of the two second permanent magnets 12 arranged between the adjacent first permanent magnets 10 are always the same, the two second permanent magnets 12 are set to 1 as shown in FIG. Two second permanent magnets 12 may be used. Thereby, the structure of the brake system 200 can be further simplified.
なお、上記実施の形態では、第１凸部２０ｃと第２凸部３０ｃとが接触することなく、空隙を介して固定部材２０２と回転部材２０４とが係合する構成としたが、これに限定されるものではない。すなわち、固定部材２０２と回転部材２０４とが摩擦力により係合する摩擦式や機械的に係合する係合システムとしてもよい。 In the above embodiment, the first protrusion 20c and the second protrusion 30c are not in contact with each other, and the fixing member 202 and the rotation member 204 are engaged with each other through the gap. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Is not to be done. That is, a friction type in which the fixed member 202 and the rotating member 204 are engaged by a frictional force or an engagement system in which the fixed member 202 and the rotating member 204 are mechanically engaged may be used.
図９及び図１０は、摩擦式のブレーキシステム３００の構成例を示す。図９は、ブレーキシステム３００の部分斜視図を示す。図１０は、ブレーキシステム３００の作用を説明する側面図を示す。ブレーキシステム３００では、図９に示すように、固定プレート２０ａに対して空隙Ｘを介して配置され、軸方向（図中、Ａ−Ｂ方向）に稼働可能な稼働部材４０が設けられる。稼働部材４０と固定プレート２０ａとの間には弾性部材４２が設けられ、稼働部材４０は固定プレート２０ａに対して軸方向に向けて付勢される。 9 and 10 show a configuration example of the friction brake system 300. FIG. FIG. 9 shows a partial perspective view of the brake system 300. FIG. 10 is a side view for explaining the operation of the brake system 300. As shown in FIG. 9, the brake system 300 is provided with an operating member 40 that is disposed through the gap X with respect to the fixed plate 20 a and is operable in the axial direction (A-B direction in the drawing). An elastic member 42 is provided between the operating member 40 and the fixed plate 20a, and the operating member 40 is urged toward the axial direction with respect to the fixed plate 20a.
図１０（ａ）に示すように、固定プレート２０ａと稼働部材４０との間に吸引力が発生している状態では、稼働部材４０が固定プレート２０ａ側に引き付けられ、稼働部材４０と回転プレート３０ａとが離間して接触しない。したがって、稼働部材４０と回転プレート３０ａとの間に摩擦力は生じず、回転部材２０４は固定部材２０２に対して自由に回転する開放状態となる。第２永久磁石１２の着磁状態を変化させて固定プレート２０ａと稼働部材４０との間に吸引力が発生していない状態とすると、図１０（ｂ）に示すように、弾性部材４２によって稼働部材４０が回転プレート３０ａ側に押し付けられ、稼働部材４０と回転プレート３０ａとが接触する。したがって、稼働部材４０と回転プレート３０ａとの間に摩擦力が生じ、回転部材２０４は固定部材２０２に対して回転が制限された係合状態となる。 As shown in FIG. 10A, in a state where a suction force is generated between the fixed plate 20a and the operating member 40, the operating member 40 is attracted to the fixed plate 20a side, and the operating member 40 and the rotating plate 30a are attracted. And do not come into contact with each other. Therefore, no frictional force is generated between the operating member 40 and the rotating plate 30a, and the rotating member 204 is in an open state in which it freely rotates with respect to the fixed member 202. When the magnetized state of the second permanent magnet 12 is changed so that no attractive force is generated between the fixed plate 20a and the operating member 40, the elastic member 42 operates as shown in FIG. 10B. The member 40 is pressed against the rotating plate 30a, and the operating member 40 and the rotating plate 30a come into contact with each other. Therefore, a frictional force is generated between the operating member 40 and the rotating plate 30a, and the rotating member 204 is in an engaged state in which the rotation of the fixing member 202 is restricted.
なお、稼働部材４０と回転プレート３０ａとが機械的に係合する構成としてもよい。例えば、図１１の稼働部材４０と回転プレート３０ａの当接箇所の拡大図に示すように、稼働部材４０の回転プレート３０ａに向かい合った面に第１凸部４０ａを設け、回転プレート３０ａの稼働部材４０に向かい合った面に第２凸部３０ｄを設ける。固定プレート２０ａと稼働部材４０との間に吸引力が発生している状態では、稼働部材４０が固定プレート２０ａ側に引き付けられ、稼働部材４０の第１凸部４０ａと回転プレート３０ａの第２凸部３０ｄとが係合しない。したがって、稼働部材４０と回転プレート３０ａとは機械的に係合せずに開放状態となる。第２永久磁石１２の着磁状態を変化させて固定プレート２０ａと稼働部材４０との間に吸引力が発生していない状態とすると、弾性部材４２によって稼働部材４０が回転プレート３０ａ側に押し付けられ、稼働部材４０の第１凸部４０ａと回転プレート３０ａの第２凸部３０ｄとが互いに係合する。したがって、稼働部材４０と回転プレート３０ａとが機械的に係合した係合状態となる。 The operating member 40 and the rotary plate 30a may be mechanically engaged. For example, as shown in the enlarged view of the contact portion between the operating member 40 and the rotating plate 30a in FIG. 11, a first convex portion 40a is provided on the surface of the operating member 40 facing the rotating plate 30a, and the operating member of the rotating plate 30a is provided. A second convex portion 30 d is provided on the surface facing 40. In a state where a suction force is generated between the fixed plate 20a and the operating member 40, the operating member 40 is attracted to the fixed plate 20a side, and the first convex portion 40a of the operating member 40 and the second convex of the rotating plate 30a. The portion 30d does not engage. Therefore, the operating member 40 and the rotating plate 30a are in an open state without being mechanically engaged. When the magnetized state of the second permanent magnet 12 is changed so that no attractive force is generated between the fixed plate 20a and the operating member 40, the operating member 40 is pressed against the rotary plate 30a by the elastic member 42. The first convex portion 40a of the operating member 40 and the second convex portion 30d of the rotating plate 30a are engaged with each other. Therefore, the operating member 40 and the rotating plate 30a are mechanically engaged with each other.
また、本発明の係合システムは、クラッチシステムに適用することもできる。例えば、図１２の部分斜視図に示すように、励磁コイル１４に対する通電方法にスリップリング５０を適用したクラッチシステム４００とする。スリップリング５０を設けることによって、第１永久磁石１０及び第２永久磁石１２を含めて回転可能となり、クラッチとしても機能する。 The engagement system of the present invention can also be applied to a clutch system. For example, as shown in the partial perspective view of FIG. 12, a clutch system 400 in which a slip ring 50 is applied to the energization method for the exciting coil 14 is used. By providing the slip ring 50, the first permanent magnet 10 and the second permanent magnet 12 can be rotated, and also function as a clutch.
また、図１３の部分斜視図に示すように、回転プレート３０ａを２つの回転プレート３０ｅ，３０ｆに分割することによってクラッチシステム４０２を構成することができる。ここで、固定プレート２０ａと回転プレート３０ｅとの間には凸部を設けない非突極構造とし、回転プレート３０ｅと回転プレート３０ｆとの間にはそれぞれ第１凸部３０ｇ及び第２凸部３０ｈを設けた突極構造とする。また、図１４の断面図に示すように、回転プレート３０ｅを２つに分割して、その間に絶縁層３０ｉを設け、往路と復路の磁束（図中、破線矢印で示す）が短絡しない構造とする。これによって、第２永久磁石１２の着磁状態によって吸引力が生じている場合、固定プレート２０ａと回転プレート３０ｅとの間には係合状態とならず、回転プレート３０ｅと回転プレート３０ｆとの間のみが係合状態となる。なお、クラッチシステム４０２において回転プレート３０ｅと回転プレート３０ｆとの間の係合方法は、摩擦式や機械式としてもよい。 Further, as shown in the partial perspective view of FIG. 13, the clutch system 402 can be configured by dividing the rotary plate 30a into two rotary plates 30e and 30f. Here, a non-salient pole structure in which no convex portion is provided between the fixed plate 20a and the rotating plate 30e, and the first convex portion 30g and the second convex portion 30h are provided between the rotating plate 30e and the rotating plate 30f, respectively. The salient pole structure is provided. Further, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 14, the rotating plate 30e is divided into two, and an insulating layer 30i is provided between them, and the magnetic flux in the forward path and the return path (shown by broken line arrows in the figure) is not short-circuited. To do. As a result, when an attractive force is generated by the magnetized state of the second permanent magnet 12, the fixed plate 20a and the rotating plate 30e are not engaged with each other, but between the rotating plate 30e and the rotating plate 30f. Only is in the engaged state. In the clutch system 402, the engagement method between the rotary plate 30e and the rotary plate 30f may be a friction type or a mechanical type.
なお、本発明の適用範囲は、回転部材に対するブレーキシステムやクラッチシステムに限定されるものではなく、互いに相対的に並進する部材のブレーキシステムやクラッチシステムに適用してもよい。 The scope of application of the present invention is not limited to a brake system or a clutch system for a rotating member, but may be applied to a brake system or a clutch system for members that translate relative to each other.
１０ 第１永久磁石、１２ 第２永久磁石、１４ 励磁コイル、１６ 第１ヨーク部材、１８ 第２ヨーク部材、２０ａ，２０ｂ 固定プレート、２０ｃ，３０ｇ 第１凸部、２２ 切り欠き部、２４ 固定部材、３０ａ，３０ｅ，３０ｆ 回転プレート、３０ｂ 回転軸、３０ｃ，３０ｄ，３０ｈ 第２凸部、３０ｉ 絶縁層、４０ 稼働部材、４０ｄ 第１凸部、１００ 係合システム、２００，３００ ブレーキシステム、２０２ 固定部材、２０４ 回転部材、４００，４０２ クラッチシステム。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st permanent magnet, 12 2nd permanent magnet, 14 Excitation coil, 16 1st yoke member, 18 2nd yoke member, 20a, 20b Fixing plate, 20c, 30g 1st convex part, 22 Notch part, 24 Fixing member , 30a, 30e, 30f Rotating plate, 30b Rotating shaft, 30c, 30d, 30h Second convex part, 30i Insulating layer, 40 Working member, 40d First convex part, 100 Engagement system, 200, 300 Brake system, 202 Fixed Member, 204 rotating member, 400, 402 clutch system.
Claims (11)
中空円盤状の第１部材と、前記第１部材の回転軸と同軸であり前記第１部材の内周面と対向するように外周面が位置するように前記第１部材の中空部に配置され、前記第１部材に対して係合及び開放可能な円盤状の第２部材と、
制御手段と、
を備え、
前記第２永久磁石は、前記第１部材の周方向に沿って、その磁極方向が前記回転軸方向に向くように配置され、
前記第１永久磁石は、前記第１部材の周方向に沿って、その磁極が当該周方向に向くように配置され、
前記制御手段は、前記第２永久磁石の着磁状態を変化させることにより、前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合された係合状態、又は、前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合されていない開放状態のいずれか一方の状態に制御することを特徴とする係合システム。 A first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet,
A hollow disk-shaped first member is disposed in the hollow portion of the first member so that the outer peripheral surface is positioned so as to be coaxial with the rotation axis of the first member and face the inner peripheral surface of the first member. A disc-shaped second member that can be engaged with and released from the first member;
Control means;
With
The second permanent magnet is disposed along the circumferential direction of the first member so that the magnetic pole direction thereof faces the rotation axis direction,
The first permanent magnet is disposed along the circumferential direction of the first member so that the magnetic pole thereof faces the circumferential direction,
The control means changes the magnetization state of the second permanent magnet so that the second member is engaged with the first member, or the second member becomes the first member. An engagement system, wherein the engagement system is controlled to any one of an unengaged open state.
前記制御手段は、前記第２永久磁石の磁束密度を変化させることを特徴とする係合システム。 The engagement system according to claim 1,
The engagement system, wherein the control means changes a magnetic flux density of the second permanent magnet.
前記制御手段は、前記第２永久磁石の極性を逆転させることにより、前記第１部材と前記第２部材とを係合状態又は開放状態に制御することを特徴とする係合システム。 The engagement system according to claim 1 or 2,
The said control means controls the said 1st member and the said 2nd member to an engagement state or an open | release state by reversing the polarity of the said 2nd permanent magnet, The engagement system characterized by the above-mentioned.
前記制御手段は、前記第２永久磁石の磁束密度を変化させることにより、前記係合状態における前記第２部材の前記第１部材に対する係合力を制御することが可能であることを特徴とする係合システム。 The engagement system according to claim 1,
The control means can control the engagement force of the second member with respect to the first member in the engaged state by changing the magnetic flux density of the second permanent magnet. Combined system.
前記第２永久磁石の外周に励磁コイルが配置され、
前記制御手段は、前記励磁コイルを制御することにより、前記第２永久磁石の着磁状態を制御することを特徴とする係合システム。 The engagement system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An exciting coil is disposed on the outer periphery of the second permanent magnet,
The said control means controls the magnetization state of the said 2nd permanent magnet by controlling the said excitation coil, The engagement system characterized by the above-mentioned.
前記第２永久磁石は、中空筒形状であり、
前記第２永久磁石は、中空部に固定部材を通して前記第１部材に固定されることを特徴とする係合システム。 The engagement system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The second permanent magnet has a hollow cylindrical shape,
The engagement system, wherein the second permanent magnet is fixed to the first member through a fixing member in a hollow portion.
前記第１部材の前記第２部材との対向面には、前記第２部材に向けられた第１凸部が設けられ、
前記第２部材の前記第１部材との対向面には、前記第１部材に向けられた第２凸部が設けられ、
前記係合状態において、前記第１凸部と前記第２凸部とが空隙を介して対向した状態で前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合することを特徴とする係合システム。 The engagement system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
On the surface of the first member facing the second member, a first convex portion directed to the second member is provided,
A second convex portion directed to the first member is provided on a surface of the second member facing the first member,
In the engaged state, the second member engages with the first member in a state where the first convex portion and the second convex portion face each other through a gap.
前記係合状態において、前記第１部材と前記第２部材とが当接することにより生ずる摩擦力により前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合することを特徴とする係合システム。 The engagement system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
An engagement system, wherein the second member is engaged with the first member by a frictional force generated by contact between the first member and the second member in the engaged state.
前記第１部材の前記第２部材との対向面には、前記第２部材に向けられた第１凸部が設けられ、
前記第２部材の前記第１部材との対向面には、前記第１部材に向けられた第２凸部が設けられ、
前記係合状態において、前記第１凸部と前記第２凸部とが機械的に係合した状態で前記第２部材が前記第１部材に係合することを特徴とする係合システム。 The engagement system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
On the surface of the first member facing the second member, a first convex portion directed to the second member is provided,
A second convex portion directed to the first member is provided on a surface of the second member facing the first member,
In the engaged state, the second member engages with the first member in a state where the first convex portion and the second convex portion are mechanically engaged with each other.
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| JP7047494B2 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2022-04-05 | スミダコーポレーション株式会社 | Braking mechanism |
| JP2020091012A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-11 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Engagement device |
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