JP2022031277A - Exhaust gas processing device and incineration facility - Google Patents

Exhaust gas processing device and incineration facility Download PDF

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JP2022031277A
JP2022031277A JP2021187119A JP2021187119A JP2022031277A JP 2022031277 A JP2022031277 A JP 2022031277A JP 2021187119 A JP2021187119 A JP 2021187119A JP 2021187119 A JP2021187119 A JP 2021187119A JP 2022031277 A JP2022031277 A JP 2022031277A
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dust collecting
ash
exhaust gas
collecting ash
dust
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JP7146049B2 (en
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通孝 古林
Michitaka Furubayashi
優佑 前田
Yusuke Maeda
睦史 加藤
Atsushi Kato
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/04—Cleaning filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/70—Organic halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/402—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of magnesium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2064—Chlorine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust gas processing device capable of suppressing fixation of collected dust ash in a path for returning the collected dust ash to a flue.
SOLUTION: An exhaust gas processing device 4 comprises: a dust collector 43 provided in a flue 3 in which an exhaust gas flows; an agent supply unit 42 which supplies exhaust gas processing agent to an agent supply position P1 between a combustion chamber 2 and the dust collector 43 in the flue 3; a collected dust ash transporting unit 44 which transports the collected dust ash collected by the dust collector 43 to a collected dust ash supply position P2 between the combustion chamber 2 and the dust collector 43 in the flue 3 along an auxiliary path 441 different from the flue 3; and a collected dust ash heating unit which is provided in the auxiliary path 441 and heats the collected dust ash. This makes it possible to suppress fixation of the collected dust ash in the auxiliary path 441.
SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
COPYRIGHT: (C)2022,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、排ガス処理装置および焼却設備に関する。 The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device and an incinerator.

従来、都市ごみ等の一般廃棄物は、ごみ焼却設備により焼却処理される。焼却処理により発生する排ガスには、煤塵、塩化水素（ＨＣｌ）、硫黄酸化物（ＳＯｘ）、窒素酸化物（ＮＯｘ）、重金属（Ｐｂ、Ｈｇ等）等の有害物質が含まれている。そこで、これらの有害物質を排ガスから除去する処理が排ガス処理装置により行われ、処理済みの排ガスが大気に排出される。 Conventionally, general waste such as municipal waste is incinerated by a waste incineration facility. The exhaust gas generated by the incineration treatment contains harmful substances such as soot and dust, hydrogen chloride (HCl), sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and heavy metals (Pb, Hg, etc.). Therefore, a treatment for removing these harmful substances from the exhaust gas is performed by an exhaust gas treatment device, and the treated exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere.

例えば、特開昭５９－１５０５２５号公報（文献１）では、排ガス中に消石灰の粉を吹き込んで排ガスから塩化水素等の有害な酸性ガス成分を除去するプロセスにおいて、集塵器により捕集された集塵灰の一部を粉砕し、空気ブロワにより煙道内に送ることにより、酸性ガスの除去に再利用する手法が開示されている。また、特開２０１４－２４０５２号公報（文献２）では、処理済み排ガスの一部をキャリアガスとして、集塵器により捕集された集塵灰の一部を、集塵器入口側の煙道に戻す手法が開示されている。 For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-150525 (Reference 1), it was collected by a dust collector in the process of blowing smoky lime powder into the exhaust gas to remove harmful acid gas components such as hydrogen chloride from the exhaust gas. A method is disclosed in which a part of the dust-collected ash is crushed and sent into the flue by an air blower to be reused for removing acid gas. Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-24502 (Reference 2), a part of the treated exhaust gas is used as a carrier gas, and a part of the dust collecting ash collected by the dust collector is used as a flue gas on the dust collector inlet side. The method of returning to is disclosed.

ところで、文献１および２の手法では、集塵灰を煙道へと戻す配管において、キャリアガスにより集塵灰が冷却されてしまい、集塵灰（特に塩化カルシウム等）がキャリアガス中の水分を吸湿して液状となる（すなわち、潮解する）。これにより、集塵灰が配管の内面に固着してしまう。通常、当該配管の直径はあまり大きくなく、集塵灰の固着により、集塵灰を適切に煙道へと戻すことができなくなる。 By the way, in the methods of Documents 1 and 2, the dust collecting ash is cooled by the carrier gas in the pipe for returning the dust collecting ash to the flue, and the dust collecting ash (particularly calcium chloride) removes the water content in the carrier gas. It absorbs moisture and becomes liquid (that is, deliquesces). As a result, the dust collecting ash adheres to the inner surface of the pipe. Normally, the diameter of the pipe is not very large, and the sticking of the dust collecting ash makes it impossible to properly return the dust collecting ash to the flue.

本発明は、排ガス処理装置に向けられており、集塵灰を煙道へと戻す経路における集塵灰の固着を抑制することを目的としている。 The present invention is directed to an exhaust gas treatment device, and an object of the present invention is to suppress sticking of dust collected ash in a path for returning dust collected ash to a flue.

本発明に係る排ガス処理装置は、排ガスが流れる煙道に設けられる集塵機と、前記煙道において前記排ガスの発生源と前記集塵機との間の薬剤供給位置に、排ガス処理薬剤を供給する薬剤供給部と、前記集塵機にて捕集された集塵灰を、前記煙道とは異なる補助経路に沿って、前記煙道における前記発生源と前記集塵機との間の集塵灰供給位置へとコンベアにより搬送する集塵灰搬送部と、前記補助経路に設けられ、前記集塵灰を加熱する集塵灰加熱部とを備え、前記集塵灰搬送部が、前記補助経路に設けられるとともに、前記集塵灰を貯留する集塵灰貯留部を備え、前記集塵灰貯留部から、定量供給部により単位時間当たりに設定量の前記集塵灰が取り出されて前記コンベア内に供給され、前記集塵灰が塊となった状態で前記コンベアにより搬送される。 The exhaust gas treatment device according to the present invention is a dust collector provided in a flue through which exhaust gas flows, and a chemical supply unit that supplies an exhaust gas treatment agent to a chemical supply position between the source of the exhaust gas and the dust collector in the flue. Then, the dust collector ash collected by the dust collector is sent by a conveyor to a dust collection ash supply position between the source and the dust collector in the flue along an auxiliary route different from the flue. It is provided with a dust collecting ash transporting section for transporting and a dust collecting ash heating section provided in the auxiliary path to heat the dust collecting ash, and the dust collecting ash transport section is provided in the auxiliary path and the dust collecting ash collecting section. A dust collecting ash storage unit for storing dust ash is provided, and a set amount of the dust collecting ash is taken out from the dust collecting ash storage unit by a fixed quantity supply unit and supplied into the conveyor, and the dust collecting ash is supplied to the conveyor. The ash is conveyed in a mass by the conveyor.

本発明によれば、集塵灰を煙道へと戻す補助経路における集塵灰の固着を抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the sticking of the dust-collected ash in the auxiliary route for returning the dust-collected ash to the flue.

本発明の一の好ましい形態では、前記排ガス処理薬剤がカルシウム系薬剤を含み、前記集塵灰加熱部がヒータにより前記集塵灰を６０℃～１７０℃に加熱する。 In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas treatment agent contains a calcium-based agent, and the dust collecting ash heating unit heats the dust collecting ash to 60 ° C. to 170 ° C. by a heater.

本発明の他の好ましい形態では、前記コンベアが、前記補助経路に沿って設けられる複数の保持部を有し、前記コンベアが、前記集塵灰を収容する前記複数の保持部を、前記補助経路に沿って搬送する。 In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveyor has a plurality of holding portions provided along the auxiliary path, and the conveyor holds the plurality of holding portions for accommodating the dust collecting ash in the auxiliary path. Transport along.

この場合に、好ましくは、前記集塵灰搬送部が、各保持部内に収容された前記集塵灰が投下されるシュート部をさらに備え、前記シュート部が、前記コンベアのハウジングの出口開口に接続されるとともに、前記煙道に開口する。 In this case, preferably, the dust collecting ash transport section further includes a chute section in which the dust collecting ash contained in each holding section is dropped, and the chute section is connected to an outlet opening of the housing of the conveyor. At the same time, it opens in the flue.

より好ましくは、前記集塵灰搬送部が、前記シュート部内において、投下された前記集塵灰と衝突することにより、前記集塵灰を砕く破砕部と、前記シュート部内に設けられ、開閉可能なゲートとをさらに備える。 More preferably, the dust collecting ash transport section is provided in the chute section and can be opened and closed by being provided in the chute section and a crushing section that crushes the dust collecting ash by colliding with the dropped dust collecting ash. Further equipped with a gate.

本発明のさらに他の好ましい形態では、前記集塵灰加熱部が、前記集塵灰貯留部において前記集塵灰を加熱する。 In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust collecting ash heating unit heats the dust collecting ash in the dust collecting ash storage unit.

この場合に、好ましくは、排ガス処理装置が、前記集塵灰貯留部において前記集塵灰加熱部により加熱される部位近傍を振動させる集塵灰振動部をさらに備える。 In this case, preferably, the exhaust gas treatment device further includes a dust collecting ash vibrating section that vibrates the vicinity of the portion heated by the dust collecting ash heating section in the dust collecting ash storage section.

本発明は、焼却設備にも向けられている。本発明に係る焼却設備は、廃棄物を燃焼させる燃焼室と、前記燃焼室にて発生する排ガスを前記燃焼室から排出する煙道と、前記煙道に設けられる上記の排ガス処理装置とを備える。 The present invention is also directed to incinerator equipment. The incineration facility according to the present invention includes a combustion chamber for burning waste, a flue for discharging exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber from the combustion chamber, and the above-mentioned exhaust gas treatment device provided in the flue. ..

上述の目的および他の目的、特徴、態様および利点は、添付した図面を参照して以下に行うこの発明の詳細な説明により明らかにされる。 The above objectives and other objectives, features, embodiments and advantages will be demonstrated by the detailed description of the invention described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

焼却設備の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the incinerator. 排ガス処理装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus. 集塵灰貯留部の下部を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the lower part of the dust collection ash storage part. 供給コンベアを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the supply conveyor. 塩化カルシウムの潮解条件を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the deliquescent condition of calcium chloride. 排ガス処理装置の他の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other example of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus.

図１は、本発明の一の実施の形態に係る焼却設備１の構成を示す図である。焼却設備１は、都市ごみ等の廃棄物を焼却処理する設備である。焼却設備１は、燃焼室２と、煙道３と、排ガス処理装置４と、誘引通風機５１と、煙突５２とを備える。燃焼室２では、ごみの燃焼と、ごみから発生した可燃性ガスの燃焼とが行われる。煙道３は、燃焼室２と煙突５２とを接続する。排ガス処理装置４および誘引通風機５１は、煙道３に設けられる。誘引通風機５１は、燃焼室２にて発生する排ガス（燃焼ガス）を煙道３へと排出し、排ガス処理装置４を介して煙突５２へと導く。すなわち、燃焼室２を発生源とする排ガスは、燃焼室２から煙突５２に向かって煙道３内を流れつつ、排ガス処理装置４により排ガスに対して所定の処理が行われる。煙突５２は、排ガスを大気に放出する。図１では、煙道３を太い実線にて示している。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an incinerator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The incinerator 1 is an incinerator for incinerating waste such as municipal waste. The incinerator 1 includes a combustion chamber 2, a flue 3, an exhaust gas treatment device 4, an induction ventilator 51, and a chimney 52. In the combustion chamber 2, the combustion of waste and the combustion of combustible gas generated from the waste are performed. The flue 3 connects the combustion chamber 2 and the chimney 52. The exhaust gas treatment device 4 and the induction ventilator 51 are provided in the flue 3. The attracting ventilator 51 discharges the exhaust gas (combustion gas) generated in the combustion chamber 2 to the flue 3 and guides the exhaust gas (combustion gas) to the chimney 52 via the exhaust gas treatment device 4. That is, the exhaust gas originating from the combustion chamber 2 flows from the combustion chamber 2 toward the chimney 52 in the flue 3, and the exhaust gas treatment device 4 performs predetermined treatment on the exhaust gas. The chimney 52 releases exhaust gas to the atmosphere. In FIG. 1, the flue 3 is shown by a thick solid line.

図２は、排ガス処理装置４の構成を示す図である。排ガス処理装置４は、減温塔４１と、薬剤供給部４２と、集塵機４３と、集塵灰搬送部４４とを備える。煙道３において、燃焼室２から煙突５２に向かって、すなわち、排ガスの流れ方向における上流側から下流側に向かって、減温塔４１、薬剤供給部４２、集塵機４３が順に設けられる。実際には、集塵機４３と煙突５２との間には、脱硝装置等も設けられても良い。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the exhaust gas treatment device 4. The exhaust gas treatment device 4 includes a temperature reducing tower 41, a chemical supply unit 42, a dust collector 43, and a dust collection ash transport unit 44. In the flue 3, the temperature reducing tower 41, the chemical supply unit 42, and the dust collector 43 are provided in this order from the combustion chamber 2 toward the chimney 52, that is, from the upstream side to the downstream side in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Actually, a denitration device or the like may be provided between the dust collector 43 and the chimney 52.

減温塔４１は、燃焼室２から流入する排ガス中に水を噴霧して排ガスの温度を低下させる。減温塔４１から排出される排ガスの温度は、例えば約１７０℃である。薬剤供給部４２は、消石灰貯留部４２１と、特殊助剤貯留部４２２と、薬剤圧送部４２３と、薬剤供給ライン４２４と、定量供給部４２５，４２６とを備える。薬剤供給ライン４２４の一端は、薬剤圧送部４２３に接続され、他端は、煙道３における減温塔４１と集塵機４３との間の位置Ｐ１（以下、「薬剤供給位置Ｐ１」という。）に接続される。薬剤圧送部４２３は、送風機であり、薬剤供給ライン４２４内において空気を煙道３に向かって送る。消石灰貯留部４２１は、粉状の消石灰（水酸化カルシウム（Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２））をカルシウム（Ｃａ）系薬剤として貯留する。消石灰は、脱塩および脱硫用の薬剤である。消石灰貯留部４２１の下部には、定量供給部４２５が取り付けられる。定量供給部４２５は、例えばテーブルフィーダであり、単位時間当たりに設定量の消石灰を消石灰貯留部４２１から取り出す（切り出す）。定量供給部４２５は、薬剤供給ライン４２４に接続され、消石灰貯留部４２１から取り出された消石灰は、薬剤供給ライン４２４内に供給される。 The temperature reducing tower 41 sprays water into the exhaust gas flowing from the combustion chamber 2 to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas. The temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the temperature reducing tower 41 is, for example, about 170 ° C. The drug supply unit 42 includes a slaked lime storage unit 421, a special auxiliary agent storage unit 422, a drug pumping unit 423, a drug supply line 424, and a fixed quantity supply unit 425,426. One end of the drug supply line 424 is connected to the drug pumping section 423, and the other end is at the position P1 (hereinafter referred to as “drug supply position P1”) between the temperature reducing tower 41 and the dust collector 43 in the flue 3. Be connected. The drug pumping unit 423 is a blower and sends air toward the flue 3 in the drug supply line 424. The slaked lime storage unit 421 stores powdery slaked lime (calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 )) as a calcium (Ca) -based agent. Slaked lime is a desalting and desulfurizing agent. A fixed quantity supply unit 425 is attached to the lower part of the slaked lime storage unit 421. The fixed quantity supply unit 425 is, for example, a table feeder, and a set amount of slaked lime is taken out (cut out) from the slaked lime storage unit 421 per unit time. The fixed quantity supply unit 425 is connected to the drug supply line 424, and the slaked lime taken out from the slaked lime storage unit 421 is supplied into the drug supply line 424.

特殊助剤貯留部４２２は、粉状の薬剤（例えば、日立造船株式会社製のバグエース（登録商標）や活性炭であり、以下、「特殊助剤」という。）を貯留する。特殊助剤貯留部４２２の下部には、定量供給部４２６が取り付けられ、単位時間当たりに設定量の特殊助剤を特殊助剤貯留部４２２から取り出す。定量供給部４２６は、薬剤供給ライン４２４に接続され、特殊助剤貯留部４２２から取り出された特殊助剤は、薬剤供給ライン４２４内に供給される。このような構成の薬剤供給部４２により、消石灰および特殊助剤（以下、「排ガス処理薬剤」と総称する。）が、薬剤供給位置Ｐ１にて煙道３内に供給される（吹き込まれる）。排ガス処理薬剤は、消石灰に代えて、または、消石灰と共に、水酸化ドロマイト［Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２・Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２］等の他のカルシウム系薬剤（カルシウム含有薬剤）を含んでもよい。 The special auxiliary agent storage unit 422 stores powdered chemicals (for example, Bag Ace (registered trademark) or activated carbon manufactured by Hitachi Zosen Corporation, hereinafter referred to as “special auxiliary agent”). A fixed quantity supply unit 426 is attached to the lower part of the special auxiliary agent storage unit 422, and a set amount of the special auxiliary agent is taken out from the special auxiliary agent storage unit 422 per unit time. The fixed quantity supply unit 426 is connected to the drug supply line 424, and the special auxiliary agent taken out from the special auxiliary agent storage unit 422 is supplied into the drug supply line 424. The slaked lime and the special auxiliary agent (hereinafter collectively referred to as “exhaust gas treatment agent”) are supplied (blown) into the flue 3 at the agent supply position P1 by the agent supply unit 42 having such a configuration. The exhaust gas treatment agent may contain other calcium-based agents (calcium-containing agents) such as dolomite hydroxide [Ca (OH) 2 , Mg (OH) 2 ] in place of slaked lime or together with slaked lime.

集塵機４３は、例えば、ろ過式であり、排ガスに含まれる飛灰をろ布により除去する。集塵機４３は、バグフィルタとも呼ばれる。薬剤供給部４２により供給される排ガス処理薬剤は、当該ろ布に堆積する。集塵機４３の内部において、排ガスが当該ろ布を通過する際に、排ガスに含まれる有害物質と、排ガス処理薬剤との反応が生じ、当該有害物質が除去される。排ガスと排ガス処理薬剤との反応は、煙道３においても生じる。排ガス処理薬剤により除去される有害物質は、例えば、塩化水素、硫黄酸化物、ダイオキシン類、水銀化合物等である。集塵機４３では、所定時間毎に、ろ布に堆積した飛灰および排ガス処理薬剤（有害物質との反応物を含む。）が圧縮空気を利用した逆洗により、払い落とされる。以下の説明では、ろ布から払い落とされた飛灰および排ガス処理薬剤を「集塵灰」と総称する。集塵灰は、集塵機４３における捕集物である。薬剤供給部４２では、重曹（ＮａＨＣＯ３）、活性炭等の他の種類の薬剤が供給されてもよく、この場合、当該他の種類の薬剤も、集塵灰に含まれる。 The dust collector 43 is, for example, a filtration type, and removes fly ash contained in the exhaust gas with a filter cloth. The dust collector 43 is also called a bug filter. The exhaust gas treatment agent supplied by the agent supply unit 42 is deposited on the filter cloth. When the exhaust gas passes through the filter cloth inside the dust collector 43, a reaction occurs between the harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas treatment agent, and the harmful substances are removed. The reaction between the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas treating agent also occurs in the flue 3. Hazardous substances removed by the exhaust gas treatment chemicals are, for example, hydrogen chloride, sulfur oxides, dioxins, mercury compounds and the like. In the dust collector 43, fly ash and exhaust gas treatment chemicals (including reactants with harmful substances) deposited on the filter cloth are removed by backwashing using compressed air at predetermined time intervals. In the following description, fly ash and exhaust gas treatment chemicals that have been removed from the filter cloth are collectively referred to as "dust collecting ash". The dust collecting ash is a collected material in the dust collector 43. The chemical supply unit 42 may supply other types of chemicals such as baking soda (NaHCO 3 ) and activated carbon, and in this case, the other types of chemicals are also included in the dust collecting ash.

集塵灰搬送部４４は、補助経路４４１と、集塵灰分配部４５と、集塵灰貯留部４４２と、定量供給部４４３と、供給コンベア４６と、シュート部４４４と、を備える。補助経路４４１は、集塵機４３の下部と、煙道３における減温塔４１と集塵機４３との間の位置（以下、「集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２」という。）とを接続する。図１では、補助経路４４１を細い実線にて示している。補助経路４４１は、煙道３とは異なる経路である。補助経路４４１において、集塵機４３から集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２に向かって順に、集塵灰分配部４５、集塵灰貯留部４４２、定量供給部４４３、供給コンベア４６、シュート部４４４が設けられる。 The dust collection ash transport unit 44 includes an auxiliary path 441, a dust collection ash distribution unit 45, a dust collection ash storage unit 442, a fixed quantity supply unit 443, a supply conveyor 46, and a chute unit 444. The auxiliary path 441 connects the lower part of the dust collector 43 and the position between the temperature reducing tower 41 and the dust collector 43 in the flue 3 (hereinafter, referred to as “dust collecting ash supply position P2”). In FIG. 1, the auxiliary path 441 is shown by a thin solid line. The auxiliary route 441 is a different route from the flue 3. In the auxiliary path 441, the dust collector ash distribution unit 45, the dust collection ash storage unit 442, the fixed quantity supply unit 443, the supply conveyor 46, and the chute unit 444 are provided in order from the dust collector 43 toward the dust collection ash supply position P2.

集塵灰分配部４５は、集塵機４３において、ろ布から払い落とされた集塵灰を、集塵灰貯留部４４２と、集塵灰処理部４９とに分配供給する。詳細には、集塵灰分配部４５は、コンベア４５１と、ゲート４５２とを有する。コンベア４５１は、例えばフライトコンベアであり、後述する供給コンベア４６の構造と同様である。ゲート４５２は、コンベア４５１による集塵灰の搬送経路に設けられる。集塵灰貯留部４４２におけるレベル計（図示省略）により取得される集塵灰の貯留量が所定量未満である場合に、ゲート４５２が開かれ、集塵灰貯留部４４２に集塵灰が供給される。集塵灰貯留部４４２における集塵灰の貯留量が所定量以上である場合に、ゲート４５２が閉じられ、集塵灰処理部４９に集塵灰が供給される。このように、集塵灰分配部４５では、集塵灰貯留部４４２における集塵灰の貯留量がおよそ一定となるように、集塵機４３からの集塵灰が、ゲート４５２の開閉により集塵灰貯留部４４２と集塵灰処理部４９とに分配される。集塵灰処理部４９に供給された集塵灰は、例えばキレート剤（重金属安定剤）により処理される。ゲート４５２と集塵灰貯留部４４２との間に、他のコンベア等が設けられてもよい。 The dust collector ash distribution unit 45 distributes and supplies the dust collection ash removed from the filter cloth to the dust collection ash storage unit 442 and the dust collection ash processing unit 49 in the dust collector 43. Specifically, the dust collecting ash distribution unit 45 has a conveyor 451 and a gate 452. The conveyor 451 is, for example, a flight conveyor, and has the same structure as the supply conveyor 46 described later. The gate 452 is provided in the dust collecting ash transport path by the conveyor 451. When the amount of dust-collected ash stored by the level meter (not shown) in the dust-collecting ash storage unit 442 is less than a predetermined amount, the gate 452 is opened and the dust-collected ash is supplied to the dust-collecting ash storage unit 442. Will be done. When the amount of dust collected ash stored in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount, the gate 452 is closed and the dust collecting ash is supplied to the dust collecting ash processing unit 49. As described above, in the dust collecting ash distribution unit 45, the dust collecting ash from the dust collector 43 is collected by opening and closing the gate 452 so that the stored amount of the dust collecting ash in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 becomes substantially constant. It is distributed to the storage unit 442 and the dust collecting ash processing unit 49. The dust-collecting ash supplied to the dust-collecting ash processing unit 49 is treated with, for example, a chelating agent (heavy metal stabilizer). Another conveyor or the like may be provided between the gate 452 and the dust collecting ash storage unit 442.

図３は、集塵灰貯留部４４２の下部を示す図である。排ガス処理装置４は、集塵灰加熱部４７と、集塵灰振動部４８とをさらに備える。集塵灰加熱部４７は、複数のヒータ４７１を有し、複数のヒータ４７１は、集塵灰貯留部４４２の下部の外側面に取り付けられる。各ヒータ４７１は、電気を利用して集塵灰貯留部４４２の外側面を加熱する。本処理例では、集塵灰加熱部４７により、集塵灰貯留部４４２内に貯留される集塵灰が、例えば６０℃以上に加熱される。集塵灰の加熱温度は、好ましくは７０℃以上であり、より好ましくは１２０℃以上である。典型的には、集塵灰の加熱温度は、集塵機４３における排ガスの温度（例えば、１７０℃）以下である。集塵灰加熱部４７では、燃焼室２の上方に設けられたボイラからの蒸気等を利用して、集塵灰が加熱されてもよい。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the lower part of the dust collecting ash storage unit 442. The exhaust gas treatment device 4 further includes a dust collecting ash heating unit 47 and a dust collecting ash vibrating unit 48. The dust collecting ash heating unit 47 has a plurality of heaters 471, and the plurality of heaters 471 are attached to the lower outer surface of the dust collecting ash storage unit 442. Each heater 471 uses electricity to heat the outer surface of the dust collecting ash storage unit 442. In this treatment example, the dust collecting ash stored in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 is heated to, for example, 60 ° C. or higher by the dust collecting ash heating unit 47. The heating temperature of the dust collecting ash is preferably 70 ° C. or higher, more preferably 120 ° C. or higher. Typically, the heating temperature of the dust collector ash is equal to or lower than the temperature of the exhaust gas in the dust collector 43 (for example, 170 ° C.). In the dust collecting ash heating unit 47, the dust collecting ash may be heated by using steam or the like from a boiler provided above the combustion chamber 2.

集塵灰振動部４８は、集塵灰加熱部４７と同様に、集塵灰貯留部４４２の下部に取り付けられる。集塵灰振動部４８は、集塵灰貯留部４４２において集塵灰加熱部４７により加熱される部位近傍を、断続的または連続的に振動させる。これにより、集塵灰貯留部４４２の下部において内側面近傍に位置する集塵灰を入れ替えることができ、集塵灰貯留部４４２内の集塵灰の加熱が効率よく行われる。 The dust collecting ash vibration unit 48 is attached to the lower part of the dust collecting ash storage unit 442, similarly to the dust collecting ash heating unit 47. The dust collecting ash vibration unit 48 vibrates intermittently or continuously in the vicinity of the portion heated by the dust collecting ash heating unit 47 in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442. As a result, the dust-collecting ash located near the inner side surface can be replaced in the lower part of the dust-collecting ash storage unit 442, and the dust-collecting ash in the dust-collecting ash storage unit 442 can be efficiently heated.

図２に示すように、集塵灰貯留部４４２の下部には、定量供給部４４３が取り付けられる。定量供給部４４３は、例えばテーブルフィーダであり、単位時間当たりに設定量の集塵灰を集塵灰貯留部４４２から取り出す。定量供給部４４３は、供給コンベア４６に接続され、集塵灰貯留部４４２から取り出された集塵灰は、供給コンベア４６内に供給される。 As shown in FIG. 2, a fixed quantity supply unit 443 is attached to the lower portion of the dust collection ash storage unit 442. The fixed quantity supply unit 443 is, for example, a table feeder, and a set amount of dust collected ash is taken out from the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 per unit time. The fixed quantity supply unit 443 is connected to the supply conveyor 46, and the dust collection ash taken out from the dust collection ash storage unit 442 is supplied into the supply conveyor 46.

図４は、供給コンベア４６を示す断面図である。供給コンベア４６は、例えばフライトコンベア（スクレーパコンベアとも呼ばれる。）であり、集塵灰貯留部４４２の下方から煙道３における集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２の上方までのコンベア搬送経路に沿って集塵灰を搬送する。コンベア搬送経路は、既述の補助経路４４１の一部である。供給コンベア４６は、ハウジング４６１と、一対の無端チェーン４６２と、複数のフライト（スクレーパ）４６３と、複数のスプロケット４６４（図２参照）とを備える。ハウジング４６１は、コンベア搬送経路に沿って設けられる。一対の無端チェーン４６２は、図４の紙面に垂直な方向（以下、「幅方向」という。）に関して、互いに所定距離だけ離れて配置される。各無端チェーン４６２は、ハウジング４６１内において、集塵灰貯留部４４２の下方に配置されたスプロケット４６４と、集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２の上方近傍に配置されたスプロケット４６４とに噛み合う。駆動部（図示省略）によるスプロケット４６４の回転により、一対の無端チェーン４６２がハウジング４６１内において連続的に回転（循環移動）する。実際には、コンベア搬送経路の方向が変化する位置等にもスプロケットが設けられる。 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the supply conveyor 46. The supply conveyor 46 is, for example, a flight conveyor (also referred to as a scraper conveyor), and is a dust collecting ash along a conveyor transport path from the lower side of the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 to the upper side of the dust collecting ash supply position P2 in the flue 3. To carry. The conveyor transport path is part of the auxiliary path 441 described above. The supply conveyor 46 includes a housing 461, a pair of endless chains 462, a plurality of flights (scrapers) 463, and a plurality of sprockets 464 (see FIG. 2). The housing 461 is provided along the conveyor transport path. The pair of endless chains 462 are arranged apart from each other by a predetermined distance in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 4 (hereinafter, referred to as "width direction"). Each endless chain 462 meshes with the sprocket 464 arranged below the dust collecting ash storage portion 442 and the sprocket 464 arranged above the dust collecting ash supply position P2 in the housing 461. The rotation of the sprocket 464 by the drive unit (not shown) causes the pair of endless chains 462 to continuously rotate (circulate) in the housing 461. In reality, sprockets are also provided at positions where the direction of the conveyor transport path changes.

一対の無端チェーン４６２には、複数のフライト４６３が所定の間隔で固定される。各フライト４６３は、略矩形の板部材であり、幅方向に沿う一辺の両端が一対の無端チェーン４６２にそれぞれ固定される。集塵灰貯留部４４２の下方から集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２の上方へと向かう往路において、各フライト４６３の先端（無端チェーン４６２との固定部とは反対側の辺）は、ハウジング４６１の底面部と摺動する。また、フライト４６３の残りの２辺は、ハウジング４６１の両側面部（幅方向に垂直な側面部）に近接する。したがって、供給コンベア４６では、コンベア搬送経路に沿って互いに隣接する２つのフライト４６３の間の空間が、集塵灰の収容が可能な保持部４６５となる。このように、供給コンベア４６は、補助経路４４１に沿って設けられる複数の保持部４６５を有する。 A plurality of flights 463 are fixed to the pair of endless chains 462 at predetermined intervals. Each flight 463 is a substantially rectangular plate member, and both ends of one side along the width direction are fixed to a pair of endless chains 462, respectively. On the outward route from the lower side of the dust collecting ash storage portion 442 to the upper side of the dust collecting ash supply position P2, the tip of each flight 463 (the side opposite to the fixed portion with the endless chain 462) is the bottom surface portion of the housing 461. Sliding with. Further, the remaining two sides of the flight 463 are close to both side surface portions (side surface portions perpendicular to the width direction) of the housing 461. Therefore, in the supply conveyor 46, the space between the two flights 463 adjacent to each other along the conveyor transport path becomes the holding portion 465 capable of accommodating the dust collecting ash. As described above, the supply conveyor 46 has a plurality of holding portions 465 provided along the auxiliary path 441.

ハウジング４６１の上面部において、定量供給部４４３に対向する位置には入口開口が設けられており、定量供給部４４３から落下した集塵灰が、入口開口を介して供給コンベア４６内に供給される。集塵灰は、保持部４６５内にて塊９となった状態で収容され、煙道３における集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２の上方へと搬送される。ハウジング４６１の底面部において、集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２に対向する位置には出口開口が設けられており、出口開口を介して集塵灰が供給コンベア４６外に排出される。シュート部４４４は、煙道３における集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２の上方に設けられ、出口開口に接続される。これにより、各保持部４６５内に収容された集塵灰が、出口開口から鉛直下方に延びるシュート部４４４に投下される。 An inlet opening is provided at a position facing the fixed quantity supply unit 443 on the upper surface of the housing 461, and the dust collecting ash dropped from the fixed quantity supply unit 443 is supplied into the supply conveyor 46 through the inlet opening. .. The dust-collected ash is stored in the holding portion 465 in a lump 9 state, and is conveyed above the dust-collected ash supply position P2 in the flue 3. An outlet opening is provided at a position facing the dust collecting ash supply position P2 on the bottom surface of the housing 461, and the dust collecting ash is discharged to the outside of the supply conveyor 46 through the outlet opening. The chute portion 444 is provided above the dust collecting ash supply position P2 in the flue 3 and is connected to the outlet opening. As a result, the dust collected ash contained in each holding portion 465 is dropped on the chute portion 444 extending vertically downward from the outlet opening.

図２に示すように、シュート部４４４内には、ゲート４４６および破砕部４４５が設けられることが好ましい。破砕部４４５は、例えば、金網や、格子状に設けられた金属部材であり、供給コンベア４６から投下された集塵灰と衝突することにより、集塵灰を砕く。シュート部４４４は、煙道３の集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２に開口しており、破砕された集塵灰が、煙道３を流れる排ガス中に集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２において分散する。補助経路４４１に沿って集塵灰を搬送している間、原則として、ゲート４４６は開いた状態である。ハウジング４６１内の圧力は、煙道３内の圧力よりも高く、排ガスがハウジング４６１内へと流入することが防止される。なお、集塵灰の搬送を停止する場合等には、ゲート４４６が閉じられてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that a gate 446 and a crushing portion 445 are provided in the chute portion 444. The crushing portion 445 is, for example, a wire mesh or a metal member provided in a grid pattern, and crushes the dust collecting ash by colliding with the dust collecting ash dropped from the supply conveyor 46. The chute portion 444 is open to the dust collecting ash supply position P2 of the flue 3, and the crushed dust collecting ash is dispersed in the exhaust gas flowing through the flue 3 at the dust collecting ash supply position P2. As a general rule, the gate 446 is in an open state while the dust collecting ash is being conveyed along the auxiliary path 441. The pressure in the housing 461 is higher than the pressure in the flue 3 to prevent exhaust gas from flowing into the housing 461. The gate 446 may be closed when the transport of the dust-collected ash is stopped.

集塵灰搬送部４４において、集塵灰貯留部４４２の下部に接続される定量供給部４４３は、周囲が囲まれた構造である。また、定量供給部４４３とハウジング４６１の入口開口とを接続する接続部も、周囲が囲まれた構造である。ハウジング４６１は、入口開口および出口開口を除いて密閉されており、ハウジング４６１の出口開口と煙道３とを接続するシュート部４４４も、周囲が囲まれた構造である。このように、補助経路４４１において、集塵灰貯留部４４２と煙道３との間の部分は、外部の空気がほとんど入り込まない密閉された空間である。 In the dust collecting ash transporting unit 44, the fixed quantity supply unit 443 connected to the lower part of the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 has a structure surrounded by the periphery. Further, the connecting portion connecting the fixed quantity supply portion 443 and the inlet opening of the housing 461 also has a structure in which the periphery is surrounded. The housing 461 is sealed except for the inlet opening and the outlet opening, and the chute portion 444 connecting the outlet opening of the housing 461 and the flue 3 is also surrounded. As described above, in the auxiliary path 441, the portion between the dust collecting ash storage portion 442 and the flue 3 is a closed space in which external air hardly enters.

また、集塵灰貯留部４４２と集塵灰分配部４５とを接続する接続部は、周囲が囲まれた構造であり、集塵機４３の下部に接続される集塵灰分配部４５も、同様である。したがって、補助経路４４１において、集塵機４３と集塵灰貯留部４４２との間の部分も、外部の空気がほとんど入り込まない密閉された空間である。なお、集塵灰搬送部４４の構造によっては、集塵灰が順次供給される集塵灰貯留部４４２内の圧力が大気圧よりも高い正圧となる。この場合、集塵灰貯留部４４２内のガスを、所定のフィルタを介して外部に排出する機構が設けられてもよい。この場合も、集塵灰貯留部４４２内が正圧であるため、外部の空気が集塵灰貯留部４４２内に入り込むことはない。 Further, the connecting portion connecting the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 and the dust collecting ash distributing unit 45 has a structure in which the periphery is surrounded, and the same applies to the dust collecting ash distributing unit 45 connected to the lower part of the dust collector 43. be. Therefore, in the auxiliary path 441, the portion between the dust collector 43 and the dust collecting ash storage portion 442 is also a closed space in which external air hardly enters. Depending on the structure of the dust collecting ash transport unit 44, the pressure in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 to which the dust collecting ash is sequentially supplied becomes a positive pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure. In this case, a mechanism may be provided to discharge the gas in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 to the outside through a predetermined filter. Also in this case, since the pressure inside the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 is positive, the outside air does not enter the dust collecting ash storage unit 442.

ここで、集塵灰には、排ガス中の塩化水素と、排ガス処理薬剤に含まれる消石灰との反応生成物である塩化カルシウムが含まれる。排ガス処理薬剤が、水酸化ドロマイト等の他のカルシウム系薬剤を含む場合も同様に、集塵灰に塩化カルシウムが含まれる。図５は、排ガス中の塩化カルシウムの潮解条件を示す図である。図５では、線Ｌ１よりも上側の領域が、潮解が生じない乾燥領域であり、２つの線Ｌ１，Ｌ２の間の領域が、一部に潮解が生じる一部潮解領域であり、線Ｌ２よりも下側の領域が、およそ全体に潮解が生じる潮解領域である。図５から、温度が低くなるに従って塩化カルシウムの潮解が生じやすくなることが判る。 Here, the dust-collected ash contains calcium chloride, which is a reaction product of hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas and slaked lime contained in the exhaust gas treatment agent. Similarly, when the exhaust gas treatment agent contains other calcium-based agents such as hydroxylated dolomite, calcium chloride is contained in the dust collecting ash. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing deliquescent conditions of calcium chloride in exhaust gas. In FIG. 5, the region above the line L1 is a dry region where deliquescent does not occur, and the region between the two lines L1 and L2 is a partially deliquescent region where deliquescent occurs partially, and is more than the line L2. The lower region is the deliquescent region where deliquescent occurs almost entirely. From FIG. 5, it can be seen that the deliquescent of calcium chloride is more likely to occur as the temperature decreases.

続いて、集塵灰を外部の空気や処理済み排ガスを利用して煙道３へと戻す比較例の排ガス処理装置について述べる。比較例の排ガス処理装置では、外部の空気または処理済み排ガスであるキャリアガスにより、集塵灰が冷却されてしまい、集塵灰に含まれる塩化カルシウムが潮解する。これにより、集塵灰を煙道３へと戻す配管の内面に、集塵灰が固着してしまう。その結果、当該配管の直径が小さい場合には、集塵灰を適切に煙道３へと戻すことができなくなる。 Subsequently, an exhaust gas treatment device of a comparative example for returning the dust collected ash to the flue 3 by using the external air and the treated exhaust gas will be described. In the exhaust gas treatment device of the comparative example, the dust collecting ash is cooled by the external air or the carrier gas which is the treated exhaust gas, and the calcium chloride contained in the dust collecting ash is deliquescent. As a result, the dust collecting ash adheres to the inner surface of the pipe that returns the dust collecting ash to the flue 3. As a result, if the diameter of the pipe is small, the dust collecting ash cannot be properly returned to the flue 3.

これに対し、図２の排ガス処理装置４では、集塵灰を煙道３へと戻す補助経路４４１において集塵灰搬送部４４および集塵灰加熱部４７が設けられる。集塵灰搬送部４４により、集塵機４３にて捕集された集塵灰が、外部の空気や処理済み排ガス等を利用することなく、補助経路４４１に沿って煙道３における集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２へと搬送される。また、集塵灰加熱部４７により、補助経路４４１において集塵灰が加熱される。これにより、集塵灰に含まれる塩化カルシウムの潮解を抑制することができ、補助経路４４１における集塵灰の固着を抑制することができる。また、比較例の排ガス処理装置におけるキャリアガス用のブロワ等も省略することができる。ブロワは高価であるため、ブロワを省略することにより、排ガス処理装置４の製造コストを削減することができる。排ガス処理装置４を有する焼却設備１では、集塵灰に含まれる排ガス処理薬剤の再利用によりランニングコストを削減しつつ、安定した稼働を実現することができる。 On the other hand, in the exhaust gas treatment device 4 of FIG. 2, a dust collecting ash transport unit 44 and a dust collecting ash heating unit 47 are provided in the auxiliary path 441 for returning the dust collecting ash to the flue 3. The dust collected ash collected by the dust collector 43 by the dust collecting ash transport unit 44 is the dust collecting ash supply position in the flue 3 along the auxiliary path 441 without using external air, treated exhaust gas, or the like. It is transported to P2. Further, the dust collecting ash heating unit 47 heats the dust collecting ash in the auxiliary path 441. As a result, the deliquescent of calcium chloride contained in the dust-collected ash can be suppressed, and the sticking of the dust-collected ash in the auxiliary path 441 can be suppressed. Further, the blower for the carrier gas in the exhaust gas treatment device of the comparative example can also be omitted. Since the blower is expensive, the manufacturing cost of the exhaust gas treatment device 4 can be reduced by omitting the blower. In the incinerator 1 having the exhaust gas treatment device 4, stable operation can be realized while reducing the running cost by reusing the exhaust gas treatment agent contained in the dust collected ash.

また、集塵灰搬送部４４の供給コンベア４６が、集塵灰を収容する複数の保持部４６５を、補助経路４４１に沿って搬送することにより、集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２に集塵灰が供給される。集塵灰を保持部４６５内に収容する供給コンベア４６では、集塵灰を攪拌しつつ搬送するスクリューコンベア等に比べて、搬送途上における集塵灰の温度低下を抑制することができる。その結果、補助経路４４１における集塵灰の固着をさらに抑制することができる。集塵灰搬送部４４では、補助経路４４１が外部の空気が入り込まない構造の経路であることにより、搬送途上における集塵灰の温度低下の一層の抑制や、周囲のガスの水分濃度の増大防止を実現することができ、補助経路４４１における集塵灰の固着をさらに抑制することができる。集塵灰搬送部４４では、集塵灰の攪拌を伴わない他の種類のコンベアが、供給コンベア４６として用いられてもよい。また、集塵灰加熱部４７による加熱温度等によっては、集塵灰の攪拌を伴うスクリューコンベア等が、供給コンベア４６として利用されてもよい。 Further, the supply conveyor 46 of the dust collecting ash transport unit 44 conveys a plurality of holding units 465 for accommodating the dust collecting ash along the auxiliary path 441, so that the dust collecting ash is supplied to the dust collecting ash supply position P2. Will be done. The supply conveyor 46 that houses the dust-collected ash in the holding portion 465 can suppress a decrease in the temperature of the dust-collected ash during transportation as compared with a screw conveyor or the like that transports the dust-collected ash while stirring. As a result, the sticking of the dust-collected ash in the auxiliary path 441 can be further suppressed. In the dust collecting ash transport unit 44, since the auxiliary path 441 is a path having a structure in which outside air does not enter, the temperature drop of the dust collecting ash during transport is further suppressed and the increase in the water concentration of the surrounding gas is prevented. Can be realized, and the sticking of dust collected ash in the auxiliary path 441 can be further suppressed. In the dust collecting ash transport unit 44, another type of conveyor that does not involve stirring of the dust collecting ash may be used as the supply conveyor 46. Further, depending on the heating temperature or the like by the dust collecting ash heating unit 47, a screw conveyor or the like accompanied by stirring of the dust collecting ash may be used as the supply conveyor 46.

供給コンベア４６から集塵灰が投下されるシュート部４４４内において、集塵灰と衝突することにより当該集塵灰を砕く破砕部４４５が設けられることにより、集塵灰を煙道３内にて容易に分散させることができる。これにより、排ガスの処理性能を向上することができる。 In the chute portion 444 where the dust collected ash is dropped from the supply conveyor 46, a crushing portion 445 that crushes the dust collected ash by colliding with the dust collected ash is provided, so that the dust collected ash is collected in the flue 3. It can be easily dispersed. This makes it possible to improve the treatment performance of the exhaust gas.

集塵灰加熱部４７が、集塵灰が貯留される集塵灰貯留部４４２を加熱することにより、集塵灰を効率よく加熱することができる。また、集塵灰振動部４８が、集塵灰貯留部４４２において集塵灰加熱部４７により加熱される部位近傍を振動させることにより、集塵灰貯留部４４２内における集塵灰の固着を抑制するとともに、集塵灰貯留部４４２内の広範囲の集塵灰を効率よく加熱することができる。排ガス処理装置４の設計によっては、補助経路４４１において、集塵灰加熱部４７が、集塵灰貯留部４４２以外の位置に設けられてもよい。 The dust collecting ash heating unit 47 can efficiently heat the dust collecting ash by heating the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 in which the dust collecting ash is stored. Further, the dust collecting ash vibrating unit 48 vibrates the vicinity of the portion heated by the dust collecting ash heating unit 47 in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 to suppress the sticking of the dust collecting ash in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442. At the same time, it is possible to efficiently heat a wide range of dust collected ash in the dust collecting ash storage unit 442. Depending on the design of the exhaust gas treatment device 4, the dust collecting ash heating unit 47 may be provided at a position other than the dust collecting ash storage unit 442 in the auxiliary path 441.

図６は、排ガス処理装置の他の例を示す図である。図６の排ガス処理装置４ａでは、図２の排ガス処理装置４に対して、もう１つの供給コンベア４６ａが追加され、煙道３において燃焼室２と減温塔４１との間の位置Ｐ２ａ（以下、「第２集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２ａ」という。）に、集塵灰が供給可能である。供給コンベア４６ａは、供給コンベア４６と同様の構造を有する。他の構成は、図２と同様であり、同じ構成に同じ符号を付す。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of the exhaust gas treatment device. In the exhaust gas treatment device 4a of FIG. 6, another supply conveyor 46a is added to the exhaust gas treatment device 4 of FIG. , "Second dust collection ash supply position P2a"), dust collection ash can be supplied. The supply conveyor 46a has a structure similar to that of the supply conveyor 46. Other configurations are the same as in FIG. 2, and the same configurations are designated by the same reference numerals.

排ガス処理装置４ａでは、供給コンベア４６における水平方向に延びる搬送経路の途中において、ハウジング４６１の底面部に第２出口開口が設けられる。第２出口開口には、ゲート４６９を有する接続部が設けられ、ゲート４６９が開いた状態において、保持部４６５（図４参照）内の集塵灰が、当該接続部を介して供給コンベア４６外に排出される。供給コンベア４６ａのハウジング４６１の上面部において、上記接続部に対向する位置には入口開口が設けられており、供給コンベア４６から排出された集塵灰が入口開口を介して供給コンベア４６ａ内に供給される。 In the exhaust gas treatment device 4a, a second outlet opening is provided in the bottom surface portion of the housing 461 in the middle of the transport path extending in the horizontal direction in the supply conveyor 46. A connection portion having a gate 469 is provided at the second outlet opening, and when the gate 469 is open, dust collected ash in the holding portion 465 (see FIG. 4) is collected outside the supply conveyor 46 via the connection portion. Is discharged to. An inlet opening is provided at a position facing the connection portion on the upper surface of the housing 461 of the supply conveyor 46a, and the dust collecting ash discharged from the supply conveyor 46 is supplied into the supply conveyor 46a through the inlet opening. Will be done.

集塵灰は、供給コンベア４６ａの保持部４６５（図４参照）内に収容された状態で、煙道３における第２集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２ａの上方へと搬送される。ハウジング４６１の底面部において、第２集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２ａに対向する位置には出口開口が設けられており、出口開口を介して集塵灰が供給コンベア４６ａ外に排出される。出口開口には、鉛直下方に延びるシュート部４４４が接続され、シュート部４４４を介して、煙道３における第２集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２ａに集塵灰が供給される。 The dust-collected ash is conveyed above the second dust-collected ash supply position P2a in the flue 3 while being housed in the holding portion 465 (see FIG. 4) of the supply conveyor 46a. An outlet opening is provided at a position facing the second dust collecting ash supply position P2a on the bottom surface of the housing 461, and the dust collecting ash is discharged to the outside of the supply conveyor 46a through the outlet opening. A chute portion 444 extending vertically downward is connected to the outlet opening, and dust collecting ash is supplied to the second dust collecting ash supply position P2a in the flue 3 via the chute portion 444.

以上のように、排ガス処理装置４ａでは、集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２に加えて、第２集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２ａに集塵灰が供給可能である。ここで、消石灰の表面に形成される塩化水素との反応物は水への溶解度が大きく、減温塔４１内に消石灰を供給する場合、減温塔４１内に噴霧される水に当該反応物が溶解して流される、すなわち、消石灰の表面から当該反応物が除去される。これにより、未反応の消石灰が表面に表れ、消石灰における反応物による反応速度の低下が抑制される。したがって、煙道３において燃焼室２と減温塔４１との間の位置（第２集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２ａ）に集塵灰を供給する排ガス処理装置４ａでは、脱塩反応の効率を向上することができる。排ガス処理薬剤が、水酸化ドロマイト等の他のカルシウム系薬剤を含む場合も同様に、当該他のカルシウム系薬剤の表面に形成される塩化水素との反応物は、減温塔４１内に噴霧される水により除去され、当該他のカルシウム系薬剤における反応速度の低下が抑制される。なお、図２の排ガス処理装置４において、集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２を煙道３における燃焼室２と減温塔４１との間の位置に設定する場合も同様である。 As described above, in the exhaust gas treatment device 4a, the dust collecting ash can be supplied to the second dust collecting ash supply position P2a in addition to the dust collecting ash supply position P2. Here, the reaction product with hydrogen chloride formed on the surface of the slaked lime has a high solubility in water, and when the slaked lime is supplied into the decompression tower 41, the reaction product is added to the water sprayed in the decompression tower 41. Dissolves and is flushed, i.e., the reactants are removed from the surface of slaked lime. As a result, unreacted slaked lime appears on the surface, and the decrease in reaction rate due to the reactant in slaked lime is suppressed. Therefore, in the exhaust gas treatment device 4a that supplies the dust collecting ash to the position between the combustion chamber 2 and the temperature reducing tower 41 (second dust collecting ash supply position P2a) in the flue 3, the efficiency of the desalting reaction is improved. be able to. Similarly, when the exhaust gas treatment agent contains another calcium-based agent such as hydroxylated dolomite, the reaction product with hydrogen chloride formed on the surface of the other calcium-based agent is sprayed into the temperature reducing tower 41. It is removed by the water, and the decrease in the reaction rate of the other calcium-based drug is suppressed. The same applies to the case where the dust collecting ash supply position P2 is set at the position between the combustion chamber 2 and the temperature reducing tower 41 in the flue 3 in the exhaust gas treatment device 4 of FIG.

上記焼却設備１および排ガス処理装置４，４ａでは様々な変形が可能である。 Various modifications are possible in the incinerator 1 and the exhaust gas treatment devices 4 and 4a.

排ガス処理装置４，４ａでは、薬剤供給位置Ｐ１における排ガス処理薬剤の供給と、集塵灰供給位置Ｐ２，Ｐ２ａにおける集塵灰の供給との双方が、必ずしも常時行われる必要はなく、一方が一時的に停止されてもよい。 In the exhaust gas treatment devices 4 and 4a, both the supply of the exhaust gas treatment agent at the chemical supply position P1 and the supply of the dust collection ash at the dust collection ash supply positions P2 and P2a do not necessarily have to be performed all the time, and one of them is temporary. May be stopped.

薬剤供給位置Ｐ１は、例えば、燃焼室２と減温塔４１との間に設定されてもよい。すなわち、薬剤供給位置Ｐ１は、煙道３において燃焼室２と集塵機４３との間に設定されればよい。 The drug supply position P1 may be set, for example, between the combustion chamber 2 and the temperature reducing tower 41. That is, the chemical supply position P1 may be set between the combustion chamber 2 and the dust collector 43 in the flue 3.

排ガス処理装置４，４ａは、焼却設備１以外の設備において用いられてもよい。 The exhaust gas treatment devices 4 and 4a may be used in equipment other than the incinerator equipment 1.

上記実施の形態および各変形例における構成は、相互に矛盾しない限り適宜組み合わされてよい。 The above-described embodiments and configurations in the respective modifications may be appropriately combined as long as they do not conflict with each other.

発明を詳細に描写して説明したが、既述の説明は例示的であって限定的なものではない。したがって、本発明の範囲を逸脱しない限り、多数の変形や態様が可能であるといえる。 Although the invention has been described and described in detail, the above description is exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, it can be said that many modifications and modes are possible as long as they do not deviate from the scope of the present invention.

１ 焼却設備
２ 燃焼室
３ 煙道
４，４ａ 排ガス処理装置
４２ 薬剤供給部
４３ 集塵機
４４ 集塵灰搬送部
４６，４６ａ 供給コンベア
４７ 集塵灰加熱部
４８ 集塵灰振動部
４４１ 補助経路
４４２ 集塵灰貯留部
４４４ シュート部
４４５ 破砕部
４６５ 保持部
Ｐ１ 薬剤供給位置
Ｐ２，Ｐ２ａ 集塵灰供給位置 1 Incinerator 2 Combustion chamber 3 Smoke channel 4, 4a Exhaust gas treatment device 42 Chemical supply unit 43 Dust collector 44 Dust collector ash transport unit 46, 46a Supply conveyor 47 Dust collection ash heating unit 48 Dust collection ash vibration unit 441 Auxiliary path 442 Dust collection unit Ash storage part 444 Shoot part 445 Crushing part 465 Holding part P1 Drug supply position P2, P2a Dust collector ash supply position

Claims (8)

排ガス処理装置であって、
排ガスが流れる煙道に設けられる集塵機と、
前記煙道において前記排ガスの発生源と前記集塵機との間の薬剤供給位置に、排ガス処理薬剤を供給する薬剤供給部と、
前記集塵機にて捕集された集塵灰を、前記煙道とは異なる補助経路に沿って、前記煙道における前記発生源と前記集塵機との間の集塵灰供給位置へとコンベアにより搬送する集塵灰搬送部と、
前記補助経路に設けられ、前記集塵灰を加熱する集塵灰加熱部と、
を備え、
前記集塵灰搬送部が、前記補助経路に設けられるとともに、前記集塵灰を貯留する集塵灰貯留部を備え、
前記集塵灰貯留部から、定量供給部により単位時間当たりに設定量の前記集塵灰が取り出されて前記コンベア内に供給され、前記集塵灰が塊となった状態で前記コンベアにより搬送される。 It is an exhaust gas treatment device
A dust collector installed in the flue where exhaust gas flows,
A drug supply unit that supplies an exhaust gas treatment agent to a drug supply position between the exhaust gas source and the dust collector in the flue.
The dust collected ash collected by the dust collector is conveyed by a conveyor to the dust collecting ash supply position between the source and the dust collector in the flue along an auxiliary route different from the flue. Dust collector ash transport section and
A dust collecting ash heating unit provided in the auxiliary path and heating the dust collecting ash,
Equipped with
The dust collecting ash transport unit is provided in the auxiliary path, and is provided with a dust collecting ash storage unit for storing the dust collecting ash.
A set amount of the dust-collected ash is taken out from the dust-collecting ash storage unit by the fixed-quantity supply unit and supplied into the conveyor, and the dust-collected ash is conveyed in a lump state by the conveyor. To. 請求項１に記載の排ガス処理装置であって、
前記排ガス処理薬剤がカルシウム系薬剤を含み、
前記集塵灰加熱部がヒータにより前記集塵灰を６０℃～１７０℃に加熱する。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 1.
The exhaust gas treatment agent contains a calcium-based agent and contains
The dust collecting ash heating unit heats the dust collecting ash to 60 ° C. to 170 ° C. by a heater. 請求項１または２に記載の排ガス処理装置であって、
前記コンベアが、前記補助経路に沿って設けられる複数の保持部を有し、
前記コンベアが、前記集塵灰を収容する前記複数の保持部を、前記補助経路に沿って搬送する。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.
The conveyor has a plurality of holdings provided along the auxiliary path.
The conveyor conveys the plurality of holding portions for accommodating the dust collecting ash along the auxiliary path. 請求項３に記載の排ガス処理装置であって、
前記集塵灰搬送部が、各保持部内に収容された前記集塵灰が投下されるシュート部をさらに備え、
前記シュート部が、前記コンベアのハウジングの出口開口に接続されるとともに、前記煙道に開口する。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 3.
The dust collecting ash transport unit further includes a chute unit into which the dust collecting ash housed in each holding unit is dropped.
The chute portion is connected to the outlet opening of the housing of the conveyor and opens to the flue. 請求項４に記載の排ガス処理装置であって、
前記集塵灰搬送部が、
前記シュート部内において、投下された前記集塵灰と衝突することにより、前記集塵灰を砕く破砕部と、
前記シュート部内に設けられ、開閉可能なゲートと、
をさらに備える。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 4.
The dust collecting ash transport unit
In the chute portion, a crushing portion that crushes the dust collecting ash by colliding with the dropped dust collecting ash, and a crushing portion.
A gate that is provided inside the chute and can be opened and closed,
Further prepare. 請求項１ないし５のいずれか１つに記載の排ガス処理装置であって、
前記集塵灰加熱部が、前記集塵灰貯留部において前記集塵灰を加熱する。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
The dust collecting ash heating unit heats the dust collecting ash in the dust collecting ash storage unit. 請求項６に記載の排ガス処理装置であって、
前記集塵灰貯留部において前記集塵灰加熱部により加熱される部位近傍を振動させる集塵灰振動部をさらに備える。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 6.
The dust collecting ash storage unit further includes a dust collecting ash vibrating unit that vibrates the vicinity of the portion heated by the dust collecting ash heating unit. 焼却設備であって、
廃棄物を燃焼させる燃焼室と、
前記燃焼室にて発生する排ガスを前記燃焼室から排出する煙道と、
前記煙道に設けられる請求項１ないし７のいずれか１つに記載の排ガス処理装置と、
を備える。 It ’s an incinerator,
A combustion chamber that burns waste and
A flue that discharges exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber from the combustion chamber,
The exhaust gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 provided on the flue.
To prepare for.
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