JP2022028957A - Ash discharge part structure of combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide ash discharge part structure of combustion equipment capable of efficiently transferring ash generated in a combustion chamber to the outside of the combustion chamber and recovering the transferred ash, preventing leakage of smoke and heat generated in a combustion process from an ash discharge part, and keeping a high temperature in the combustion chamber.

SOLUTION: Combustion equipment comprises a combustion chamber 4, and a combustion part 42 with a solid fuel K placed thereon, the combustion part 42 being provided at a lower part of the combustion chamber 4 and combusting the solid fuel K. The combustion equipment further comprises a heat exchange part 7 provided near the combustion part 42 and exchanging heat of combustion gas generated in the combustion part 42, and an ash discharge part 5 provided at a lower part of the combustion part 42 and having a rotating shaft 521 rotationally driven by a driving device 53 to transfer the falling ash to the outside of the combustion chamber 4. The ash discharge part 5 comprises an ash discharge port 571 discharging ash, a cover member 574 opening/closing the ash discharge port 571, and an opening/closing mechanism 58 provided on a rotating shaft 521 of the ash discharge part 5 near the ash discharge port 571, and causing the cover member 574 to perform opening/closing motion for the ash discharge port 571.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

COPYRIGHT: (C)2022,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a combustion device. More specifically, the present invention relates to an ash removing device generated from a combustion device using wood solids such as wood chips and wood pellets as fuel.

A combustion device that burns solid fuel such as wood and converts the generated heat into heat with a heat exchanger produces ash after burning the solid fuel. If the ash is left in the combustion chamber, it will continue to accumulate in the combustion chamber and it will be difficult to maintain the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel. Therefore, it is desirable to periodically remove the ash from the combustion chamber. Further, when the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is heat-converted by the heat exchanger, maintaining a high temperature of the combustion gas enhances the efficiency of heat exchange.

The combustion device described in Patent Document 1 is "consisting of a combustion chamber and a V-shaped cross section, and is provided in the lower part of the combustion chamber, in which solid fuel is placed and burned, and the burned ash is dropped downward. It is provided with a combustion unit having a plurality of slits and a combustion air supply unit for blowing air into the combustion unit. " This combustion device burns solid fuel on the combustion unit, and the generated combustion gas passes through the heat exchange unit to exchange heat.

Further, in Patent Document 2, "the incineration object input section 83 into which the incineration object is input, the combustion chamber 20 for burning the incineration object, the supply pipes 12 and 13 for supplying hot water and steam to the pipe, and the exhaust gas are described. The upper main body 10 provided with the exhaust unit 22 for exhausting, the hearth bodies 62, 106 and the hearth body drive mechanism 69, 107 that form the bottom of the combustion chamber 20 to deposit the incineration object and drop the incineration ash. The incineration processing apparatus is disclosed, which includes a lower main body 50 provided with incineration ash discharge units 60 and 103 for discharging incineration ash and constituting a pedestal portion, and a burner 40.

JP-A-2017-75721 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-25540

According to Patent Document 1, since the ash generated after burning in the combustion portion falls downward, when the accumulated ash is removed, the combustion chamber is opened after the combustion device is stopped. In the case of continuous operation, it cannot be said that it is efficient because the combustion device is stopped periodically. Further, even if the combustion unit is opened and the ash is removed without stopping the combustion device, the temperature in the combustion chamber is lowered due to the inflow of air from the outside, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange unit is lowered.

Further, according to Patent Document 2, "The incinerator ash discharge mechanism 69 sends out the incinerator ash that has fallen into the incinerator ash discharge pipe portion 67 via the incinerator ash receiving drum 62 to the tip side by the incinerator ash discharge screw 65. It is discharged to the incinerator ash recovery box 51 "(see the column of paragraph [0053] of Patent Document 2). However, this incineration ash discharge mechanism not only sends out the incineration ash generated in the combustion chamber to the tip side, but also smoke and heat generated in the combustion chamber may pass through the incineration ash discharge pipe portion, and the incineration ash discharge pipe portion. There is a problem of releasing smoke and heat from the tip side together with the incinerator ash. Further, there is a problem that the worker is exposed to smoke and heat when the worker recovers the ash accumulated in the incinerator ash recovery box located below the tip end side of the incinerator ash discharge pipe portion.

Therefore, the present invention has been made with the above problems in mind, and the ash generated in the combustion chamber is transferred to the outside of the combustion chamber to be efficiently recovered, and the smoke and heat generated in the combustion process are collected in the ash discharge unit. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion ash discharge part structure of a combustion device capable of preventing leakage from the combustion chamber and keeping the temperature in the combustion chamber at a high temperature.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention is provided in a combustion section provided in the lower part of the combustion chamber to place and burn solid fuel, and a combustion section provided below the combustion section to burn the fallen ash. An ash discharge section having a rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by a drive device for transfer to the outside of the room, a lid member provided at the discharge port of the ash discharge section that opens and closes the discharge port, and ash near the discharge port. The detection unit is provided with an opening / closing mechanism provided on the rotation shaft of the discharge unit to open / close the discharge port by a lid member, and a detection unit provided on the drive device to detect the rotation position and the number of rotations of the rotation shaft. , The ash discharge part structure of the combustion device including a control unit that controls the drive device to operate intermittently by periodically repeating driving and stopping by detecting the rotation position and the number of rotations of the rotation shaft. It is a summary.

According to the present invention, the ash generated in the combustion chamber is transferred to the outside of the combustion chamber and efficiently recovered, and the smoke and heat generated in the combustion process are prevented from leaking from the ash discharge portion to raise the temperature of the combustion chamber to a high temperature. It is possible to provide a combustion ash discharge part structure of a combustion device that can be maintained at.

It is a front sectional view which made the cross section of the combustion apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 of the combustion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a combustion chamber, an ash discharge portion, and a heat exchange portion. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1 of the combustion device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1 of the combustion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged side sectional view of a combustion portion and an ash discharge portion. It is a rear view which showed the ash discharge part seen from the back of the combustion apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 5 of the combustion device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG. 5 of the combustion device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line FF in FIG. 5 of the combustion device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG in FIG. 1 of the combustion device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a flow chart which showed the processing procedure of the control of the combustion apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the combustion apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings below, the same or similar parts may be designated by the same or similar reference numerals. However, the drawings are schematic, and the relationship with the dimensions of each part may differ from the actual ones.
Further, the technical idea of the present invention may be modified in various ways within the technical scope specified by the claims described in the claims.

The combustion device 1 of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 includes a fuel storage unit 2, a fuel supply unit 3, a combustion chamber 4, an ash discharge unit 5, a combustion air supply unit 6, and a heat exchange unit 7. .. Solid fuel K such as wood chips and pellets stored in the fuel storage unit 2 is sent to the combustion chamber 4 on the side of the fuel supply unit 3 and burned via the fuel supply unit 3 located below the fuel storage unit 2. Combustion is performed by obtaining the air supplied from the combustion air supply unit 6. The gas heated to a high temperature by burning the solid fuel K in the combustion chamber 4 is sent to the heat exchange unit 7 adjacent to the combustion chamber 4, heat exchange is performed, and then exhausted to the outside of the combustion device 1. When the solid fuel K is burned in the combustion chamber 4, ash is generated. The incinerated ash is discharged to the outside of the combustion chamber 4 by the ash discharge unit 5 located at the lower part of the combustion chamber 4, and then collected by the operator. The arrows drawn in the combustion chamber 4 and the heat exchange unit 7 in FIGS. 1 and 3 indicate the flow of the combustion gas after combustion.

The fuel storage unit 2 includes a fuel tank 21. The solid fuel K is stored inside the fuel tank 21. A fuel drop port 22 is located at the bottom of the fuel tank 21. The solid fuel K falls downward from the fuel drop port 22 and is supplied to the fuel supply unit 3.

The fuel supply unit 3 includes a first transport unit 311, a paddle unit 321 and a second transport unit 331.
The solid fuel K sent from the fuel drop port 22 is sent to the cylindrical first transport unit 311. A first carry-in inlet 312 is provided at one end of the first transport portion 311 and is connected to the lower part of the fuel drop port 22 of the fuel tank 21. At the other end of the first transport portion 311 is provided a discharge port 313 with the opening facing downward. A first screw 314 is provided inside the first transport portion 311 in the longitudinal direction. The first screw 314 is a rotary shaft having a spiral member, and by rotationally driving, the solid fuel K charged into the first carry-in inlet 312 is sent out to the discharge port 313. The solid fuel K that has reached the discharge port 313 is sent to the paddle portion 321 located below the discharge port 313.

The paddle portion 321 is a member in which the blade plate 322 is arranged radially with respect to the rotation axis. The paddle section 321 intermittently supplies the solid fuel K to the second transport section 331 below the discharge port 313, and also supplies smoke and hot air from the combustion chamber 4, which will be described later, to the upstream side of the fuel supply section 3 and the fuel storage section. Prevent it from flowing to 2.

Below the paddle portion 321 is a second transport portion 331 made of a cylindrical member. At one end of the second transport portion 331, a second carry-in entrance 332 provided so as to open toward the paddle portion 321 is located. The second carry-in port 332 guides the solid fuel K into the second carry-in unit 331. The other end of the second transport unit 331 is a fuel supply port 333 that is a portion for supplying the solid fuel K to the combustion unit 42 provided in the combustion chamber 4, which will be described later. A second screw 334 is provided inside the second transport portion 331 in the longitudinal direction. The second screw 334 is a rotary shaft having a spiral member, and by rotationally driving, the solid fuel K is supplied from the second carry-in inlet 332 to the combustion chamber 4 via the fuel supply port 333. The first screw 314, the paddle portion 321 and the second screw 334 described above are each driven by a transport motor 341 installed on one end side of the second transport portion 331.

The combustion chamber 4 is located on the side of the fuel storage unit 2 and the fuel supply unit 3, and is provided in a box shape with the long side upright in the vertical direction. Refractory bricks 41 are arranged so as to cover the inside of the lower portion of the combustion chamber 4. Below the refractory bricks 41 in the lower part of the combustion chamber 4, a combustion part 42 is provided in which a solid fuel K such as wood chips or pellets is placed and burned. The solid fuel K is supplied from the fuel supply port 333 installed on one end side of the combustion portion 42 arranged in the V-shaped cross section shown in FIG. 4, and is extruded onto the combustion portion 42. The combustion unit 42 has a grate 421 in which a plate-shaped member is inclined and is arranged in a V shape facing each other. The grate 421 has a V-shaped valley line oriented parallel to the second transport portion 331.

The grate 421 is provided with a plurality of circular holes 423 and a plurality of slits 424. A plurality of holes 423 are provided on the fuel supply port 333 side, which are smaller than the solid fuel K, to prevent the solid fuel K from falling. Further, since the hole 423 facilitates the passage of air from below, the air required for combustion can be passed over the grate 421. A plurality of slits 424 are provided adjacent to the hole 423 along the inclination of the grate 421. The slit 424 makes it easy for the ash after combustion of the solid fuel K to fall downward, and the air required for combustion can be passed over the grate 421 from below.

An ash discharge unit 5 is located below the combustion unit 42, and the solid fuel K becomes ash after combustion on the combustion unit 42, and the ash that has fallen from the combustion unit 42 is discharged to the outside of the combustion chamber 4. The ash discharge unit 5 includes an ash tray 51, a discharge screw 52, a discharge motor 53, a discharge pipe 54, an ash recovery container 55, a discharge cover 56, a discharge box 57 having an ash discharge port 571, a lid member 574, and an elastic body 577. It includes an opening / closing mechanism 58 and a detection unit 591.

The ash after the solid fuel K is burned on the combustion unit 42 falls and accumulates on the ash tray 51 located below the combustion unit 42. The ash tray 51 is formed by bending a rectangular plate at the center. In the illustrated embodiment, the surface on the side away from the fuel discharge port 333 is bent so as to be raised by about 30 degrees, and the valley line of the bend is in the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the second screw 334. The ash slides down to the bend and is aggregated by the slope formed by the bend. A discharge screw 52 is provided at the upper part of the ash tray 51 in parallel with the valley line of the bend. The rotation axes of the discharge screw 52 and the second screw 334 are arranged orthogonal to each other. The discharge screw 52 is located below the slit 424 and is installed so as to easily receive the dropped ash and to easily convey the ash.

The discharge screw 52 is a member in which a spiral blade 522 is wound around a linear rotating shaft 521. By rotating the discharge screw 52, the ash on the ash tray 51 is scraped out by the spiral blade 522 and conveyed to the outside of the combustion chamber 4. The discharge screw 52 extends outside the combustion chamber 4 and reaches the inside of the discharge cover 56, which is a cover body installed outside the combustion chamber 4. A cylindrical discharge pipe 54 is provided so as to cover the discharge screw 52 outside the combustion chamber 4. In the discharge pipe 54, a discharge screw 52 is arranged inside, and the respective axes are provided in parallel. Since the discharge screw 52 covers the outer periphery of the spiral blade 522 by the discharge pipe 54, the ash being transferred does not scatter to the surroundings. Further, since the discharge screw 52 and the discharge pipe 54 are set long, the ash being transferred in the discharge pipe 54 is sufficiently cooled. In the embodiment, the discharge pipe 54 is set to be equal to or longer than the depth length of the combustion chamber 4.

The discharge screw 52 and the discharge pipe 54 are guided into a discharge cover 56 installed outside the combustion chamber 4. The discharge cover 56 has a box shape made of a plate, and one of the raised surfaces is provided with a hole 561 which is opened so that the lower portion is cut out in a rectangular shape. The discharge pipe 54 extends to the center of the discharge cover 56. The rotation shaft 521 of the discharge screw 52 is set so as to extend further from the discharge pipe 54 and protrudes from the discharge cover 56. The protruding rotary shaft 521 is fixed to the discharge motor 53, which is a drive device for the discharge screw 52. The discharge motor 53 is fixed to the outer side surface of the discharge cover 56.

The output shaft 531 of the discharge motor 53 is hollow, and the rotary shaft 521 at one end of the discharge screw 52 penetrates the output shaft 531 and is fixed to the output shaft 531. The other end of the rotary shaft 521 of the discharge screw 52 is rotatably supported by a bearing portion 523 provided on the ash tray 51. As a result, the discharge screw 52 can be rotationally driven by the discharge motor 53, and the ash on the ash tray 51 is conveyed to the outside of the combustion chamber 4 by the spiral blade 522. Further, the transported ash is transferred through the discharge pipe 54 to the discharge cover 56 provided on the outside of the combustion chamber 4. The discharge motor 53 rotates the discharge screw 52 at 2 to 5 rotations per minute. In this embodiment, it is set to 3 revolutions per minute. Since the exhaust motor 53 is driven by electricity, it is possible to suppress generated noise and eliminate exhaust gas. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the rotation direction H of the discharge screw 52 is clockwise when viewed from the output shaft 531 of the discharge motor 53 toward the combustion unit 42.

Although the discharge motor 53 has been exemplified as the drive device for the discharge screw 52, an internal combustion engine (not shown) may be used. Further, although not shown, the drive device may be installed at a place away from the rotating shaft 521 to drive the discharge screw 52 via the transmission device.

A discharge box 57 is fixed to the end of the discharge pipe 54 located inside the discharge cover 56. The discharge box 57 is a rectangular parallelepiped box body smaller than the discharge cover 56. The end of the discharge pipe 54 is orthogonal to and penetrates the axis of the discharge pipe 54 at the center of one surface of the discharge box 57. The spiral blade 522 of the discharge screw 52 is provided up to the central portion of the discharge box 57, and the rotary shaft 521 penetrates the other surface of the discharge pipe 54 facing the surface fixed to the discharge box 57. A bearing is provided in the discharge box 57 through which the rotary shaft 521 is penetrated, and the rotary shaft 521 is rotatable. One surface of the discharge box 57 parallel to the rotation shaft 521 is open to form an ash discharge port 571. The ash discharge port 571 is an outlet from which the ash conveyed by the rotational drive of the discharge screw 52 is discharged. The ash discharge port 571 is directed diagonally downward. When the discharge screw 52 rotates, the ash on the ash tray 51 is scraped out by the spiral blade 522 and conveyed to the discharge box 57. After that, the ash is discharged downward from the ash discharge port 571.

A lid member 574 is provided so as to close the ash discharge port 571. The lid member 574 is a rectangular plate material larger than the opening area of the ash discharge port 571. The lid member 574 closes the ash discharge port 571 by bringing the plate surface into contact with the ash discharge port 571, and prevents smoke, ash, heat, and combustion gas from leaking from the discharge box 57. A hinge 575 is provided on the outer surface adjacent to the upper part of the ash discharge port 571, and the lid member 574 is rotatably provided with the hinge 575 as a fulcrum axis. The fulcrum shaft of the hinge 575 is parallel to the rotation shaft 521 of the discharge screw 52, and the lid member 574 can rotate in parallel with the rotation shaft 521 of the discharge screw 52. By rotating the lid member 574, the ash discharge port 571 can be opened and closed to change the open state and the closed state.

The upper part of the lid member 574 is bent upward, and the upper part is urged by the elastic body 577. The direction in which the elastic body 577 is urged is always urged in the direction in which the ash discharge port 571 is closed. The elastic body 577 is guided by a guide rod 573 horizontally attached to a support member 572 provided on the upper portion of the discharge box 57 in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis 521. In FIGS. 5, 6 and 9, the elastic body 577 in the embodiment is a compression spring, and the guide rod 573 is exemplified by a bolt. The elastic body 577 may be urged in a direction in which the lid member 577 is constantly urged in the direction of closing the discharge port 571, and although not shown, the elastic body 577 may be urged in a direction in which the lower end portion of the lid member 574 is pulled up by a tension spring.

Since the lid member 574 is constantly urged by the elastic body 577 in the direction of closing the ash discharge port 571, it is possible to prevent the ash discharge port 571 from being left open, and smoke and ash in the closed state and ash and ash. Do not allow heat and combustion gas to leak from the discharge box 57 and the ash discharge port 571. Further, since the heat and the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 4 do not leak in the closed state, the indoor temperature in the combustion chamber 4 in the operating state is maintained at a high temperature.
Further, since the discharge box 57, the ash discharge port 571, and the lid member 574 are surrounded by the discharge cover 56, smoke, ash, heat, and combustion gas do not leak to the outside of the discharge cover 56.

A hole 576 through which the guide rod 573 passes is formed in the upper central portion of the lid member 574. The hole 576 is a hole larger than the guide rod 573, and is an elongated hole long in the vertical direction in the embodiment. When the lid member 574 operates in the direction of opening the ash discharge port 571, the end edge of the hole 576 comes into contact with the guide rod 573, thereby restricting the rotation of the lid member 574 in the opening direction. Due to the restriction of rotation, the gap J between the ash discharge port 571 and the lid member 574 does not open more than the set range as shown in FIG. When the ash falls from the discharge screw 52 due to the gap J formed by the lid member 574, it falls after once contacting the inner surface surface of the lid member 574. By contacting the inner surface of the lid member 574, the downward impact of the ash is mitigated, and the amount of ash scattered when the ash lands is reduced.

An opening / closing mechanism 58 is attached to the rotary shaft 521 of the discharge screw 52 adjacent to the discharge motor 53 side of the discharge box 57. In the embodiment, the opening / closing mechanism 58 is an egg-shaped plate cam, and the plate surface is provided so as to be orthogonal to the rotation axis 521. Since the opening / closing mechanism 58 is fixed to the rotating shaft 521, it rotates together with the discharge screw 52. As shown in FIG. 9, the end portion on the major axis side of the opening / closing mechanism 58 is set so that the protruding portion 581 projects outward from the ash discharge port 571 of the discharge box 57 by rotating. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the egg-shaped end edge 582, which is the working surface of the opening / closing mechanism 58, is arranged at a position where the plate surface of the lid member 574 can be directly pressed, so that the mechanism can be simplified. ing.

When the protrusion 581 on the major axis side of the opening / closing mechanism 58 reaches the ash discharge port 571 by the rotation of the discharge screw 52, the plate surface of the lid member 574 is pressed to create a gap J between the ash discharge port 571 and the lid member 574. Form and open. The lid member 574 is gradually closed as the rotation of the discharge screw 52 progresses and the protrusion 581 on the major axis side decreases from the ash discharge port 571. Even at this point, as long as there is a gap J in the ash discharge port 571, the ash conveyed from the discharge screw 52 will fall down along the upper part of the lid member 574.

When the protrusion of the opening / closing mechanism 58 disappears, the gap J with the ash discharge port 571 is closed and the closed state is established. Further, when the rotation of the discharge screw 52 is continued, the ash is conveyed by the discharge screw 52 until the lid member 574 is opened, and the ash discharge port 571 falls to the upper part of the closed lid member 574. The lid member 574 is maintained in a closed state by the elastic body 577, and the ash and smoke, heat and combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 4 are prevented from leaking to the outside of the discharge box 57. Further, when the rotation of the discharge screw 52 is continued, the lid member 574 is pressed by the protruding portion 581, the ash discharge port 571 is opened, and the ash falls. After that, the opening and closing operations of the lid member 574 are repeated in sequence, and the ash is dropped from the ash discharge port 571.

The ash that has fallen from the ash discharge port 571 is deposited in the ash recovery container 55 arranged at the bottom of the discharge cover 56. The ash recovery container 55 has a drawer shape in which the upper part of the box-shaped body is opened, and can be taken in and out from the hole 561 of the discharge cover 56. The ash recovery container 55 has an outer surface 551 which is an outer surface in a state of being housed in the discharge cover 56. When the ash recovery container 55 is housed in the discharge cover 56, the outer peripheral end face of the outer surface 551 is in close contact with the end face of the hole 561, so that smoke, ash, heat, and combustion gas do not leak to the outside from the discharge cover 56. .. The ash recovery container 55 containing the ash can be easily pulled out by the handle portion 552 attached to the outer surface 551 by the operator. Further, since the ash that has fallen from the ash discharge port 571 is cooled by the discharge pipe, the ash can be collected and disposed of more safely and easily.

The ash discharge port 571 is surrounded by a discharge cover 56, and the hole 561 is arranged so as to be closed by the end of the outer surface 551 of the ash recovery container 55. Prevents the ash that rolls up when dropped into the ash recovery container 55 from scattering around. In addition, when the ash discharge port 571 is open and the ash is discharged, the high temperature combustion gas, heat, smoke, and ash that leak slightly as the ash falls are prevented from being scattered to the surroundings, and the safety of the ash discharge unit 5 is achieved. Increase sex.

The discharge motor 53 is provided with a detection unit 591 that is positioned and fixed below the discharge motor 53. The detection unit 591 is a device that detects the rotation position and the number of rotations of the discharge screw 52, and has an arm unit 592 having a rotatable roller 593 attached to the tip portion. The rotation shafts of the arm portion 592 and the roller 593 are parallel to the rotation shaft 521 of the discharge screw 52. The arm portion 592 can be reciprocated in an arc shape. The detection unit 591 has a structure in which a switch operates when the arm unit 592 is pushed downward, and a limit switch is used in the exemplary embodiment. The arm portion 592 has an elongated plate shape, and the roller 593 provided at the tip portion in the longitudinal direction is urged so as to be located upward.

A detection plate 594 is fixed to the end of the rotary shaft 521 protruding from the output shaft 531 of the discharge motor 531 above the detection unit 591. The detection plate 594 is an elongated plate having a shape bent in the longitudinal direction into a crank shape. The surface of one end of the bent plate of the detection plate 594 is fixed to the detection plate 594, and the end surface on the other end side forms a detection end edge 595 that comes into contact with the roller 593 of the detection unit 591. The detection edge 595 is formed so as to bulge outward in the longitudinal direction. The detection plate 594 rotates together with the discharge screw 52 to bring the detection edge 595 into contact with the roller 593 and push the arm portion 592 to operate the switch of the detection portion 591. In the illustrated embodiment, the detection edge 595 and the protrusion 581 provided on the opening / closing mechanism 58 are set so as to be symmetrical with respect to the rotation shaft 521. This is because when the switch of the detection unit 591 is operated by the detection edge 595 to stop the rotational drive of the discharge motor 531, the lid member 574 is opened by the protrusion 581 and the ash discharge port 571 is opened. Prevent it from happening.

The discharge screw 52 is controlled to operate intermittently by the discharge motor 53, and can be periodically driven and stopped by the operation of the detection unit 591. In the embodiment, the discharge screw 52 is driven every 30 minutes for 5 minutes. By this periodic intermittent drive, the electric power used is smaller than that of the constantly rotating method, the chance of the ash discharge port 571 being opened is reduced, and smoke, ash, heat and combustion gas leak from the ash discharge port 571. Minimize the amount. Further, reducing the amount of heat and combustion gas leaking from the ash discharge port 571 can keep the temperature of the combustion chamber 4 at a high temperature, so that the solid fuel K supplied to the combustion unit 42 can be reduced and contribute to energy saving. .. The discharge motor 53 rotates the discharge screw 52 at 2 to 5 rotations per minute. In this embodiment, it is set to 3 revolutions per minute. The control method of the discharge motor 53 will be described later.

By the way, in order for the solid fuel K to stably burn on the combustion unit 42, the combustion unit 42 is provided with a combustion air supply unit 6 that sends air necessary for combustion. The combustion air supply unit 6 has a first combustion air supply unit 61, a second combustion air supply unit 62, a transport unit air supply unit 63, and a heater air blower air supply unit 64, each of which has a pipe shape. Become. The combustion air supply unit 6 takes in air by the intake fan 65 and blows it, and is branched by the branch 66, and is branched by the first combustion air supply unit 61, the second combustion air supply unit 62, the transport unit air supply unit 63, and the heater air supply unit. Air is blown into each of the air supply units 64.

The first combustion air supply unit 61 extends below the combustion unit 42, and the solid fuel K on the combustion unit 42 obtains the air supplied from the first combustion air supply unit 61 and performs primary combustion. .. After the primary combustion, the second combustion air is obtained from the second combustion air supply unit 62 arranged above the combustion unit 42, and further secondary combustion is performed. The solid fuel K can be efficiently burned by the secondary combustion, and a high-temperature combustion gas can be obtained.

The solid fuel K on the combustion unit 42 is ignited by the hot air supplied from the heater air supply unit 63. The heater air supply unit 63 is provided with an ignition heater 641 near the outlet of the pipeline. The ignition heater 641 heats the air sent from the intake fan 65 to a high temperature, and blows the heated air onto the solid fuel K to ignite the solid fuel K.
The air supply unit 64 of the transport unit ejects the solid fuel K of the paddle unit 321 of the fuel supply unit 3 in the transport direction, so that the combustion air generated in the combustion chamber 4 is sent to the upstream of the fuel supply unit 3 and the fuel storage unit 2. Prevent backflow.

The combustion gas that has become hot due to the combustion of the solid fuel K in the combustion chamber 4 moves to the upper part of the combustion chamber 4 and further moves to the heat exchange unit 7 adjacent to the combustion chamber 4. The heat exchange unit 7 has a cylindrical smoke tube 71 provided on the side of the combustion chamber 4, a liquid chamber 74 located around the combustion chamber 4 and the smoke tube 71, and a chimney 72 for exhausting the combustion gas. ..

The smoke tube 71 is made of a pipe member, is installed in a plurality of vertical directions through the liquid chamber 74, and the combustion gas passes through the smoke tube 71. The smoke tube 71 and the liquid chamber 74 are closely fixed so as not to leak, and the liquid L in the liquid chamber 74 does not leak into the smoke tube 71. The smoke tube 71 is provided adjacent to the input side smoke tube 711 through which the combustion gas passes from the upper part of the combustion chamber 4 toward the lower side of the smoke tube 71, and the combustion gas passing through the input side smoke tube 711 from below to above. It consists of a discharge side smoke tube 712 passing toward.

A plurality of input side smoke pipes 711 and a plurality of discharge side smoke pipes 712 are provided. The input side smoke tube 711 and the discharge side smoke tube 712 are collected to form a group. Therefore, the ventilation of the combustion gas is not easily disturbed. The high-temperature combustion gas passes through the smoke tube 71 and exchanges heat with the liquid chamber 74. The inside of the liquid chamber 74 is filled with the liquid L. In the embodiment, water is stored, but other liquids may be used. The high-temperature combustion gas generated from the combustion chamber 4 exchanges heat with the liquid L in the liquid chamber 74 via the input side smoke tube 711 and the discharge side smoke tube 712. After heat exchange, the liquid L becomes heated, and when the solid fuel K continues to be burned in the combustion unit 42, the liquid L in the liquid chamber 74 becomes hot. The liquid L in the liquid chamber 74 can be taken out to the outside by connecting a pipe to the liquid chamber 74, and heat can be effectively used. For example, although not shown, heat can be taken out and used by connecting the heated liquid L in the liquid chamber 74 to an external heat exchanger. The combustion gas after heat exchange in the smoke tube 71 is deprived of heat and becomes a cooled state, and is exhausted from the chimney 72.

In order to make heat exchange more efficient, a spiral member 75 is inserted in the smoke tube 71. The spiral material 75 is formed by forming a metal strip-shaped plate or a rod-shaped material into a spiral shape. The combustion gas moves in the smoke tube 71 while swirling along the spiral member 75, and the moving distance of the combustion gas is extended. Since the combustion gas does not pass linearly through the smoke tube 71 due to the spiral material 75, the heat of the combustion gas can be effectively transferred from the smoke tube 71 to the liquid L in the liquid chamber 74.

Further, since the discharge pipe 54 of the ash discharge section 5 penetrates the liquid chamber 74 for a long time, the heat of the ash being conveyed can be transferred to the liquid L via the discharge pipe 54, and the discharge pipe 54 can be transferred to the liquid L. The temperature of the ash inside is lowered with the transfer distance.

The control of the combustion device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
The control unit N shown in FIG. 11 is provided close to the combustion device 1, is connected to the fuel supply unit 3, the ash discharge unit 5, and the combustion air supply unit 6, and controls each of them.

The control step of the combustion device 1 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 10, in step S1, the "operation switch" is activated and the operation of the combustion device 1 is started. After that, the process proceeds to step S2 and the "ignition process" is started. In the "ignition process", the control unit N operates the transfer motor 341 to send the solid fuel K to the combustion unit 42 and heat the air taken in by the intake fan 65 to the ignition heater 641 to ignite the solid fuel K.

Then, the process proceeds to step S3 and the "operation process" is entered. In the operation process, the solid fuel K is sent to the combustion unit 42, and the air taken in by the intake fan 65 is sent into the combustion chamber 4 to continuously burn the solid fuel K. After shifting to the operation process, step S4 is entered, and the control unit N determines whether or not "30 minutes have passed from the start of the operation process". When the control unit N determines that "30 minutes have passed from the start of the operation process" (NO), it is made to determine again whether "30 minutes have passed from the start of the operation process".

If the control unit N determines in step S4 that "30 minutes have passed from the start of the operation process" (YES), the process proceeds to step S5 and "drives the discharge motor 53". When the discharge motor 53 is driven, the ash on the ash tray 51 is transferred to the outside of the combustion chamber 4 by the rotation of the discharge screw 52. The opening / closing mechanism 58 intermittently opens / closes the lid member 574 to discharge ash from the ash discharge port 571 onto the ash recovery container 55.

After the discharge motor 53 is driven, the control flow shifts to step S6, and the control unit N determines whether or not "the switch detection by the detection unit 591 is 15 times". At the same time as the rotation of the discharge screw 52 in step S4, the control unit N detects the number of times the detection unit 591 is switched by the detection plate 594. In the illustrated embodiment, since the discharge motor 53 rotates 3 times per minute, 5 minutes have passed in terms of time. If the control unit N determines in step S6 that "the switch detection by the detection unit 591 is not 15 times" (NO), the determination in step S6 is repeated again. In step S6, when the control unit N determines that "the switch detection by the detection unit 591 is 15 times" (YES), the control unit N proceeds to step 7 and "stops the discharge motor 53". The stop operation of the discharge motor 53 is controlled by the switch operation detection by the detection unit 591, so that the discharge motor 53 can be stopped with the lid member 574 always closing the ash discharge port 571.

Following step 7, the control flow shifts to step 8, and the control unit N determines whether “30 minutes have passed since the discharge motor 53 stopped”. If the control unit N determines that "30 minutes have not passed since the discharge motor 53 stopped" (NO), the determination in step 8 is repeated again. If the control unit N determines that "30 minutes have passed since the discharge motor 53 stopped" (YES), the process returns to step S5, and the control unit N repeats the control flow of steps 5 to 8.

By controlling by the control flow shown in FIG. 10, the ash discharge port 571 provided in the ash discharge unit 5 can be intermittently opened and closed by the lid member 574. Further, by driving the discharge motor 53 periodically for a certain period of time, the ash from the ash discharge port 571 can be discharged, and the heat and combustion gas discharged from the ash discharge port 571 can be minimized. can.

The higher the temperature of the combustion gas, the higher the efficiency of heat exchange, and it is important to perform efficient combustion in order to obtain the high temperature combustion gas. The ash discharge unit 5 of the present invention transfers the ash generated after the solid fuel K is burned to the outside of the combustion chamber 4 by the discharge screw 52. Further, the ash being transferred is cooled by taking a long transfer path and then discharged from the ash discharge port 571. Further, by periodically closing the ash discharge port 571 with the lid member 574, smoke, heat and combustion gas leaking from the ash discharge port 571 can be minimized. Further, by covering the periphery of the ash discharge port 571 with the discharge cover 56, it is possible to prevent the ash falling from the ash discharge port 571 from scattering and the smoke, heat and combustion gas from scattering to the surroundings. Further, the ash recovery container 55 enables efficient ash recovery work.

With the structure of the combustion ash discharge unit 5 of the combustion device 1 configured as described above, the ash generated in the combustion chamber 42 is transferred to the outside of the combustion chamber 4 and efficiently recovered, and the smoke and heat generated in the combustion process are generated. Can be reduced from leaking from the ash discharge unit 5, and the temperature inside the combustion chamber 4 can be maintained at a high temperature.

Although the present invention has been described in accordance with the above embodiments, the statements and drawings that form part of this disclosure should not be understood as limiting the invention. Modifications of embodiments, examples and operational techniques based on this disclosure are self-evident to those skilled in the art.

The present invention can be applied to a combustion device that generates heat ash by exchanging heat with combustion gas.

1 Combustion device 2 Fuel storage unit 3 Fuel supply unit 4 Combustion chamber 42 Combustion unit 421 Grate 423 Hole 424 Slit 428 Contact member 5 Ash discharge unit 52 Discharge screw 521 Rotating shaft 522 Spiral blade 53 Discharge motor
55 Ash recovery container 56 Discharge cover 571 Ash discharge port 574 Closure member 577 Elastic body 58 Opening / closing mechanism 591 Detection unit 594 Detection plate 6 Combustion air supply unit 7 Heat exchange unit K Solid fuel L Liquid N Control unit

Claims (3)

A combustion unit provided in the lower part of the combustion chamber where solid fuel is placed and burned,
An ash discharge unit provided below the combustion unit and having a rotation shaft that is rotationally driven by a drive device to transfer the dropped ash to the outside of the combustion chamber.
A lid member provided at the discharge port of the ash discharge part and opening and closing the discharge port, and
An opening / closing mechanism provided on the rotating shaft of the ash discharging portion in the vicinity of the discharging port and causing the discharging port to be opened / closed by the lid member.
The drive device is provided with a detection unit for detecting the rotation position and the number of rotations of the rotation shaft.
The detection unit includes a control unit that controls the drive device to be operated intermittently by periodically repeating driving and stopping by detecting the rotation position and the number of rotations of the rotation shaft.
The ash discharge part structure of the combustion device, which is characterized by being provided with. The control unit stops the drive device when the ash discharge port is closed by the lid member.
The ash discharge part structure of the combustion apparatus according to claim 1. The lid member maintains the closed state of the ash discharge port until the ash discharge port is opened by the opening / closing mechanism.
2. The ash discharge part structure of the combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.

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