JP2022021773A - Liquid type lead storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a liquid type lead storage battery that can achieve both prevention of early depletion of an electrolytic solution in a high temperature environment and ensuring of low-temperature discharge characteristics.SOLUTION: A bushing 6 is embedded in a through hole 21a formed in a portion above a cell chamber 41 at one end in an arrangement direction of a lid 2. An upper portion of a positive electrode terminal electrode column 362 is inserted into the bushing. The bushing has a same diameter part that has an inner diameter corresponding to an outer diameter of an upper part of the positive electrode terminal electrode column, and a tapered part that is formed below the lid in a thickness direction continuously from the same diameter part, wherein its inner diameter is increased as separated from the same diameter part. A rising surface from a positive electrode strap of the positive electrode terminal electrode column has a cross-sectional area S1 of 0.61 cm2 or more and 0.90 cm2 or less. In the cell chamber at one end, the relationship between the total area S2 of the front and rear faces of a substrate comprising a plurality of negative electrode plates and a plurality of positive electrode plates in an electrode plate group 3 and the volume V1 from a boundary position H1 between the same diameter part and the tapered part to the rising surface H2 in the positive electrode terminal electrode column satisfies 550 cm-1≤S2/V1≤921 cm-1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a liquid lead-acid battery.

As a conventional liquid lead-acid battery, an electric tank having a plurality of cell chambers partitioned by a partition wall, a plurality of electrode plates housed in each of the plurality of cell chambers, and an electrolytic solution injected into a plurality of cell chambers are used. And a lid that is fixed to the battery case and closes the upper part of a plurality of cell chambers.
A plurality of electrode plates are arranged above the plurality of negative electrode plates and positive electrode plates arranged alternately, the separator arranged between the negative electrode plates and the positive electrode plates, and the plurality of negative electrode plates and positive electrode plates. It has a negative electrode plate and a positive electrode strap connecting the negative electrode plates and a plurality of positive electrode plates at different positions in the width direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate, respectively, in the thickness direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate. ..

The electrode plate group is arranged in the cell chamber with the thickness direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate aligned with the arrangement direction of the cell chamber. Then, the negative electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the negative electrode strap of the electrode plate group arranged in one of the two adjacent cell chambers and the positive electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the positive electrode strap of the electrode plate group arranged in the other are on the partition wall. It is connected by a metal part that fills the formed through hole.
The negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate each have a substrate (collector) in which the negative electrode mixture and the positive electrode mixture are held, and an ear for collecting electricity protruding upward from the substrate, and the ear is a negative electrode strap. And are connected by a positive electrode strap, respectively. Further, the electrode plate group arranged in the cell chambers at both ends in the arrangement direction has a terminal pole column rising from the negative electrode strap or the positive electrode strap and an intermediate pole pillar rising from the positive electrode strap or the negative electrode strap.

Further, through holes are formed in the lids located above the cell chambers at both ends in the arrangement direction, bushings are embedded in each through holes, and the negative electrode terminal pole pillar and the upper portion of the positive electrode terminal pole pillar are inserted into each bushing. Has been done.
In recent years, the electrification of vehicles has progressed rapidly in order to reduce the environmental load, and idling stop vehicles and hybrid vehicles have appeared. Hybrid vehicles include micro-hybrid vehicles, mild hybrid vehicles, and strong hybrid vehicles, and relatively inexpensive micro-hybrid vehicles and mild hybrid vehicles are becoming more popular.

In micro-hybrid vehicles and mild hybrid vehicles, liquid lead-acid batteries for idling stop are used for starting and restarting the engine. In a liquid lead-acid battery for idling stop, a large current cranking current is discharged every time the engine is started frequently, so it is necessary to efficiently move the electrons generated by power generation to an external device. , Intermediate poles, terminal poles, etc. are very important.

In the conventional liquid lead-acid battery for idling stop, in order to cope with frequent large current discharge, the number of positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates is increased for the purpose of improving the conductive path (on the front and back surfaces of the substrate which is a current collector). By increasing the amount of lead (by increasing the total area), we have designed it to withstand frequent engine starts even in cold regions. Similarly, with respect to the terminal pole pillar, by increasing the volume of the terminal pole pillar and increasing the amount of lead, the conductive path is improved, so that the low temperature discharge characteristic tends to be improved.

On the other hand, by suppressing the decrease in water content in the electrolytic solution, it is possible to reduce the frequency of maintenance for replenishing water in the battery case of the liquid lead-acid battery. The decrease in water content in the electrolytic solution is more likely to occur at higher temperatures. Therefore, it is expected that micro-hybrid vehicles and mild hybrid vehicles will rapidly spread in Southeast Asia, which is a high-temperature region, and the performance that can suppress the decrease in water content in the electrolytic solution is a liquid lead-acid battery for idling stop vehicles. It can be said that it is one of the important performances of.

The applicant has previously proposed to reduce the volume of the strap in order to suppress the premature withering of the electrolytic solution in the high temperature environment of the liquid lead-acid battery and to secure the low temperature discharge characteristics. (See Patent Document 1).

China Utility Model Application No. 201921818041.6

As described above, when the number of positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates of the electrode plate group to be put in the cell chamber is increased without changing the volume of the cell chamber of the electric tank for the purpose of improving the conductive path, the electrolysis is put in the cell chamber. The amount of liquid is reduced. Similarly, if the volume of the terminal pole column is increased without changing the volume of the cell chamber of the battery case, the amount of the electrolytic solution that can be put into the cell chambers at both ends is reduced. That is, such measures aimed at improving the conductive path are not preferable in terms of suppressing premature withering of the electrolytic solution in a high temperature environment.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid lead-acid battery capable of suppressing premature withering of an electrolytic solution in a high temperature environment and ensuring low temperature discharge characteristics.

In order to solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a liquid lead-acid battery having the following configurations (a) to (e).
(a) An electric tank having a plurality of cell chambers partitioned by a partition wall, a plurality of electrode plates housed in each of the plurality of cell chambers, an electrolytic solution injected into the plurality of cell chambers, and fixed to the electric tank. It is equipped with a lid that closes the top of multiple cell chambers. A plurality of electrode plates are arranged above the plurality of negative electrode plates and positive electrode plates arranged alternately, the separator arranged between the negative electrode plates and the positive electrode plates, and the plurality of negative electrode plates and positive electrode plates. It has a negative electrode plate and a positive electrode strap that connect the negative electrode plates and the plurality of positive electrode plates to each other at different positions in the width direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate, respectively, in the thickness direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate. The electrode plate group is arranged in the cell chamber with the thickness direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate aligned with the arrangement direction of the cell chamber.

(b) The negative electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the negative electrode strap of the electrode plate group arranged in one of the two adjacent cell chambers and the positive electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the positive electrode strap of the electrode plate group arranged in the other are partition walls. It is connected by a metal part that fills the inside of the through hole formed in. The negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate each have a substrate on which the negative electrode mixture and the positive electrode mixture are held, and ears for collecting electricity protruding upward from the substrate, and the ears are the negative electrode strap and the positive electrode strap, respectively. It is connected.

(c) The electrode plate group arranged in the cell chamber at one end in the arrangement direction of the plurality of cell chambers has a negative electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the negative electrode strap and a positive electrode terminal pole pillar rising from the positive electrode strap, and has a plurality of cell chambers. The electrode plate group arranged in the cell chamber at the other end in the arrangement direction has a negative electrode terminal pole column rising from the negative electrode strap and a positive electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the positive electrode strap.

(d) The lid has through holes formed in the upper part of the cell chamber at one end and the other end, a bushing is embedded in the through hole, and the upper part of the negative electrode terminal pole and the positive electrode terminal pole is inserted into the bushing. Has been done. The bushing is formed at least in the upper part in the thickness direction of the lid and has an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the upper part of the negative electrode terminal pole pillar and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar (negative electrode terminal pole pillar and positive electrode terminal pole pillar). A tapered portion that is formed in the lower part of the lid in the thickness direction (the part on the battery case side) that is continuous with the same diameter part and increases as the inner diameter increases away from the same diameter part. And have.

(e) The cross-sectional area S1 of the negative electrode terminal pole pillar and the rising surface from the negative electrode strap and the positive electrode strap of the positive electrode terminal pole pillar is 0.61 cm ² or more and 0.90 cm ² or less. In the cell chamber at one end and the cell chamber at the other end, the total area S2 of the front and back surfaces of the plurality of negative electrode plates of the electrode plate group and the substrate constituting the plurality of positive electrode plates, and the positive electrode terminal pole column and the negative electrode terminal pole pillar. The relationship between the volume V1 from the boundary position between the same diameter portion and the tapered portion to the rising surface satisfies 550 cm ^-1 ≤ S2 / V1 ≤ 921 cm ^-1 .

The liquid lead-acid battery of the present invention can be expected to be able to suppress early liquid withering of the electrolytic solution in a high temperature environment and to secure low temperature discharge characteristics at the same time.

It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the liquid type lead-acid battery of an embodiment. It is a top view which shows the electric tank which has a plurality of cell chambers partitioned by a partition wall, the strap of the electrode plate group arranged in the cell chamber, the intermediate pole pillar, and the terminal pole pillar in the liquid-type lead-acid battery of embodiment. ..

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown below. In the embodiments shown below, technically preferable limitations are made for carrying out the present invention, but these limitations are not essential requirements of the present invention.

<Structure>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid lead-acid battery of the embodiment has a conventionally known monoblock type battery tank 1, a lid 2, and six electrode plate groups 3. The battery case 1 is divided into six cell chambers 41 to 46 by a partition wall 13. The six cell chambers 41 to 46 are arranged along the longitudinal direction (one direction) of the electric tank 1. One electrode plate group 3 is arranged in each cell chamber 41 to 46. The lid 2 is formed with a liquid injection port at a position above each of the cell chambers 41 to 46. The electrolytic solution 5 is injected into each of the cell chambers 41 to 46 from each injection port.

As shown in FIG. 1, the electrode plate group 3 has a plurality of negative electrode plates 31, a positive electrode plate 32, a separator 33, a negative electrode strap 310, and a positive electrode strap 320. In the example of FIG. 1, the number of negative electrode plates 31 constituting one electrode plate group 3 is one more than the number of positive electrode plates 32. Further, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the arrangement direction of the cell chambers 41 to 46 is indicated as the X direction, the height direction is indicated as the Z direction, and the X direction and the direction perpendicular to the Z direction are indicated as the Y direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the negative electrode plate 31 has a grid-shaped negative electrode substrate 311 in which a negative electrode mixture is held, and an ear 312 protruding upward from the negative electrode substrate 311. The negative electrode mixture contains lead, carbon black, reinforcing fibers and the like, which are negative electrode active materials. The negative electrode mixture contains carbon black in a proportion of 0.05 parts by mass or more and 0.5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the negative electrode active material.
The positive electrode plate 32 has a grid-shaped positive electrode substrate 321 holding a positive electrode mixture and an ear 322 protruding upward from the positive electrode substrate 321. The positive electrode mixture contains lead oxide mainly composed of lead dioxide, which is a positive electrode active material, and reinforcing fibers and the like.

The plurality of negative electrode plates 31 and the positive electrode plates 32 are alternately arranged via the separator 33.
As shown in FIG. 1, the negative electrode strap 310 and the positive electrode strap 320 are arranged above all the negative electrode plates 31 and the positive electrode plates 32, and the negative electrode strap 310 makes the ears 312 of all the negative electrode plates 31 in the thickness direction (X direction). ), And the positive electrode strap 320 connects the ears 322 of all the positive electrode plates 32 in the thickness direction (X direction).

The ear 312 of the negative electrode plate 31 and the ear 322 of the positive electrode plate 32 are arranged at different positions in the width direction (the direction that becomes the Y direction when entering the cell chamber).
Further, the negative electrode substrate 311 and the ear 312 are integrally formed of a metal material, and the metal material forming the ear 312 does not contain antimony (Sb), or if it contains antimony (Sb), it is contained in a proportion of 50 ppm or less. Similarly, the positive electrode substrate 321 and the ear 322 are integrally formed of a metal material, and the metal material forming the ear 322 does not contain antimony (Sb), or if it does, it contains 50 ppm or less.

In FIG. 1, the upper portion of the cell chamber 41 at one end in the arrangement direction and the cell chamber 42 adjacent to the cell chamber 41 is mainly displayed. That is, FIG. 1 corresponds to the cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. The negative electrode intermediate pole pillar 310a rising from the right end of the negative electrode strap 310 in the cell chamber 41 on one side (left side) and the positive electrode intermediate pole pillar 320a rising from the left end of the positive electrode strap 320 in the cell chamber 42 on the other side (right side) are partition walls. It is connected by a metal portion 34 that fills the inside of the through hole 13a formed in 13. The metal portion 34 is formed into the through hole 13a by sandwiching the portion where the through hole 13a of the partition wall 13 is formed between the negative electrode intermediate pole pillar 310a and the positive electrode intermediate pole pillar 320a and resistance welding the two intermediate pole pillars to each other. It was caused.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electrode plate group 3 arranged in the cell chamber 41 at one end in the arrangement direction has a negative electrode intermediate pole column 310a rising from the negative electrode strap 310 and a positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 rising from the positive electrode strap 320. The electrode plate group 3 arranged in the cell chamber 46 at the other end in the arrangement direction has a positive electrode intermediate pole column 320a rising from the positive electrode strap 320 and a negative electrode terminal pole column 361 rising from the negative electrode strap 310.

The total area of the front and back surfaces of all the negative electrode substrates 311 and the positive electrode substrate 321 of each electrode plate group 3 in all the cell chambers 41 to 46 is the same, and this total area is defined as S2. For example, when the number of the negative electrode plates 31 is 7 and the number of the positive electrode plates 32 is 6, the total area S2 is the area of the surface of the negative electrode substrate 311 × 6 × 2 and the area of the surface of the positive electrode substrate 321 × 7 ×. It is the total value with 2. The dimensions of the positive electrode substrate 321 and the negative electrode substrate 311 are, for example, a width (dimension in the Y direction) in the range of 100 mm or more and 150 mm or less, and a height (dimension in the Z direction) in the range of, for example, 100 mm or more and 140 mm or less.

The negative electrode terminal pole pillar 361 and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 are formed on a small piece portion 35 extending outward in the Y direction from the negative electrode strap 310 and the positive electrode strap 320, respectively. As shown in FIG. 1, in the positive electrode terminal pole column 362, the seat portion 362a, the large diameter portion 362b, the tapered portion 362c, the small diameter portion 362d, and the tip portion 362e are continuous in order from the small piece portion 35 side (see FIG. 2). Has a shape that is The negative electrode terminal pole pillar 361 also has the same shape as the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362.

The cross-sectional area (S1) of the rising surface (bottom surface of the seat portion, the position of the height H2 in FIG. 1) from the small piece portion 35 of the negative electrode terminal pole pillar 361 and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 is 0.61 cm ² or more and 0.90 cm ² . It is as follows.
In the upper plate 21 of the lid 2, a through hole 21a is formed in a portion above the negative electrode terminal pole pillar 361 and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362, and as shown in FIG. 1, on the electric tank 1 side of the upper plate 21. A sleeve 22 having a continuous inner peripheral surface is formed in the through hole 21a. The bushing 6 is inserted into the through hole 21a and the sleeve 22 of the lid 2.

The bushing 6 is composed of a base portion 61 and a tip portion 62 having a smaller outer diameter than the base portion 61, the base portion 61 is embedded in the through hole 21a and the sleeve 22, and the tip portion 62 protrudes from the upper plate 21 of the lid 2. The base portion 61 has a first portion 61a continuous with the tip portion 62 and a second portion 61b extending from the first portion 61a to the battery case 1 side.
Hereinafter, the relationship between the bushing 6 in the cell chamber 41 and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 will be described, but the relationship between the bushing 6 in the cell chamber 46 and the negative electrode terminal pole pillar 361 is also the same as below.

The inner diameters of the tip portion 62 of the bushing 6 and the first portion 61a of the base portion 61 are constant and are substantially the same as the diameter of the small diameter portion 362d of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362. Further, the inner diameter of the second portion 61b of the base portion 61 increases as the inner diameter increases from the first portion 61a. That is, the tip portion 62 and the first portion 61a of the base portion 61 are the same diameter portions having an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the upper portion (small diameter portion 362d) of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362, and the second portion 61b of the base portion 61 is , A tapered portion whose inner diameter increases as the inner diameter increases away from the same diameter portion. Further, the tapered portion 362c of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362 has a smaller inclination and length of the taper than the tapered inner surface of the bushing 6 (the inner surface of the second portion 61b of the base portion 61).

The upper portion (tapered portion 362c, small diameter portion 362d, and part of the tip portion 362e) of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362 is inserted into the bushing 6, and the tip of the tip portion 362e protrudes from the bushing 6.
In the tip 62 of the bushing 6 and in the first portion 61a of the base 61, the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 and the bushing 6 are in contact, and in the second portion 61b of the base 61 of the bushing 6, the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 and the bushing 6 are Do not touch. Further, from the boundary position between the first portion 61a and the second portion 61b of the base portion 61 (the boundary position between the same diameter portion and the tapered portion of the bushing 6, the position of the height H1 in FIG. 1), the bottom surface (rising surface) of the seat portion 362a. : The volume of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362 up to (the position of the height H2) is V1.

Then, in the cell chamber 41 at one end, the relationship between the total area S2 of the front and back surfaces of all the negative electrode substrates 311 and the positive electrode substrate 321 of the electrode plate group 3 and the volume V1 of the above-mentioned positive electrode terminal pole column 362 is as follows (1). ) Satisfies the formula. Further, in the cell chamber 46 at the other end, the total area S2 of the front and back surfaces of all the negative electrode substrates 311 and the positive electrode substrate 321 of the electrode plate group 3 and the negative electrode terminal pole having the same definition as the volume V1 of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362 described above. The relationship between the column 361 and the volume V1 also satisfies the following equation (1).
550cm ^-1 ≤ S2 / V1 ≤ 921cm ^-1 ... (1)

<Action, effect>
In the liquid lead-acid battery of this embodiment, the cross-sectional area (S1) of the rising surface from the small piece portion 35 of the negative electrode terminal pole column 361 and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 is 0.61 cm ² or more and 0.90 cm ² or less. In the cell chamber 41 at one end and the cell chamber 46 at the other end, the total area S2 of the front and back surfaces of all the negative electrode substrates 311 and the positive electrode substrate 321 of the electrode plate group 3, and the volumes of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362 and the negative electrode terminal pole column 361. The relationship with V1 satisfies the above equation (1). That is, the ratio S2 / V1 is in the range of 550 or more and 921 or less. Therefore, as compared with the liquid-type lead-acid battery, which differs only in that it does not satisfy both of these, the compatibility performance of suppressing the early liquid withering of the electrolytic solution in a high-temperature environment and ensuring the low-temperature discharge characteristics is improved.

The ratio S2 / V1 is preferably 634 or more and 794 or less. According to this, it is possible to obtain higher low temperature discharge characteristics while suppressing premature withering of the electrolytic solution in a high temperature environment.

<Making test batteries>
Sample No. 1 to No. 27 liquid lead-acid batteries were produced as liquid lead-acid batteries having the same structure as the liquid lead-acid battery of the embodiment.
The liquid lead-acid batteries of Samples No. 1 to No. 27 are M42 type liquid lead-acid batteries for idling stop, and the internal volume of the cell chamber 41 at one end and the cell chamber 46 at the other end is 553 cm ³ . Further, the cross-sectional area S1 of the rising surface of the negative electrode terminal pole pillar 361 and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 from the small piece portion 35, all the negative electrode substrates 311 of the electrode plate group 3 in the cell chamber 41 at one end and the cell chamber 46 at the other end, and The total area S2 on the front and back surfaces of the positive electrode substrate 321 and the volumes V1 of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362 and the negative electrode terminal pole pillar 361 defined above in the cell chamber 41 at one end and the cell chamber 46 at the other end were set as the values shown in Table 1. .. Everything else has the same configuration.

The internal volumes of the cell chamber 41 at one end and the cell chamber 46 at the other end are the height from the bottom surface of the cell chamber to Upper-Level of the electrolytic solution, the width of the cell chamber (longitudinal direction of the electric tank 1), and the length of the cell chamber. It can be calculated by multiplying by (the direction of the short side of the electric tank 1). However, when the partition wall 13 is provided with protrusions (ribs), it is preferable to exclude the volume of the protrusions (ribs) in the calculation. Further, if it is difficult to calculate by simple calculation from the lengths of three sides, such as when the cell chamber itself has a tapered shape, the volume may be calculated from 3D-CAD or the like.

First, as the positive electrode base material (positive electrode substrate 321 + ear 322) and the negative electrode base material (negative electrode substrate 311 + ear 312), a JIS-B size gravity cast substrate is used, and the positive electrode base material weighs about 32 g and is thick. The negative electrode base material was produced with a thickness of about 1.45 mm, a weight of about 30 g per sheet, and a thickness of about 1.0 mm. The positive electrode substrate 321 has a width (dimension in the Y direction) of 102 mm and a height (dimension in the Z direction) of 107.5 mm, and the negative electrode substrate 311 has a width of 102 mm and a height of 108.5 mm.

In the liquid lead-acid batteries of Samples No. 1 to No. 15, the total area S2 is 102 mm × 107 because the number of positive electrode plates 32 constituting the electrode plate group 3 is 6 and the number of negative electrode plates 31 is 7. It becomes .5 mm × 6 × 2 + 102 mm × 108.5 mm × 7 × 2 = 2865 cm ² . In the liquid lead-acid batteries of Samples No. 16 to No. 27, the number of positive electrode plates 32 constituting the electrode plate group 3 was 7, and the number of negative electrode plates 31 was 7, so that the total area S2 was 102 mm × 107. It becomes .5 mm × 7 × 2 + 102 mm × 108.5 mm × 7 × 2 = 3084 cm ² .

In addition, by current / potential analysis simulation, the grid design of the substrate was determined so that the potential distribution would be as uniform as possible while considering castability and lead content. Specifically, the amount of lead in the part where the current is concentrated around the ear was increased, and the grid design was made so that it radiates from the ear as the base point.
Next, the lattice-shaped substrate (positive electrode substrate 321) of the positive electrode base material was filled with the positive electrode active material paste prepared by a usual method using the following composition. The composition for the positive electrode active material paste is a composition in which lead powder containing lead monoxide as a main component, lead tan, cut fiber made of polyester fiber, and compound granules containing bismuth are mixed. After filling, normal treatment was carried out to obtain a positive electrode plate before chemical conversion.

The lattice-shaped substrate (negative electrode substrate 311) of the negative electrode base material was filled with a lead paste prepared by a usual method using the following composition. The composition for the negative electrode active material paste is a composition in which lead powder, cut fiber composed of polyester fiber, carbon black, lignin, and barium sulfate are mixed. After filling, a normal treatment was carried out to obtain a negative electrode plate before chemical conversion.
Next, in samples No. 1 to No. 15, 6 positive electrode plates and 7 negative electrode plates are alternately used, and in samples No. 16 to 27, 7 positive electrode plates and 7 negative electrode plates are alternately sandwiched between polyethylene separators. It was laminated to obtain a laminated body. Next, a group of electrode plates was obtained by forming a strap, an intermediate electrode column, and a terminal electrode column on the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate of each laminate using a COS (cast-on-strap) type casting apparatus.

Six of these electrode plates are prepared for each sample, placed in each cell chamber of the battery chamber, resistance welding of intermediate pole columns between adjacent cell chambers, heat welding of the battery tank and lid, and each from each injection port. A liquid lead-acid battery (before chemical conversion) was assembled by performing normal steps such as injecting an electrolytic solution into the cell chamber (up to Upper-Level) and closing the injection port. Then, by carrying out the electric tank chemical conversion by a usual method, the specific gravity after the electric tank chemical formation was set to 1.285 (20 ° C. conversion value), and an M42 type liquid lead-acid battery for idling stop was obtained.

The volume V1 of the positive electrode terminal pole column 362 of the cell chamber 41 at one end was changed by changing the diameter and length of the large diameter portion 362b. Further, the volume V1 of the negative electrode terminal pole pillar 361 of the cell chamber 46 at the other end is also changed by changing the diameter and length of the large diameter portion to be the same as the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362, so that the volume of the positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362 is changed. Same as V1. Table 1 also shows the calculated values of S2 / V1.
No. 1 to No. 3 and No. 10 to No. 27 are the results of testing by preparing three liquid lead-acid batteries (N = 3) manufactured with the same design.

<Test and evaluation>
Each of the obtained liquid lead-acid batteries was tested by the following method.
(Low temperature discharge characteristics)
The cold cranking test (CC test) was conducted under the following conditions.
First, each liquid-type lead-acid battery is fully charged, and then left in a constant temperature bath at −18 ° C. ± 1 ° C. for 24 hours. Next, constant current discharge is performed at a current of 340 A for 30 seconds, and the voltage 30 seconds after the start of discharge is measured.
If the measured voltage is 8.13V or higher, it can be determined that the low temperature discharge characteristics are good.

(Liquid reduction characteristics)
Assuming use in a high temperature area, continuous CV charging was carried out under the following conditions. That is, a high temperature overcharge test was performed.
First, after each liquid lead-acid battery is fully charged, continuous CV charging is performed for 50 days at a maximum voltage of 14.5 V and a maximum current of 50 A in an atmosphere of 75 ° C., and water is not replenished until the end of the test.
Then, at the end of the test, the water level of the electrolytic solution 5 in the cell chamber 41 at one end and the cell chamber 46 at the other end was examined. If this water level is at or above the lower-level, it can be determined that early withering of the electrolytic solution in a high temperature environment can be suppressed. Further, the relative value of the decrease amount of the electrolytic solution in each sample was taken as the liquid reduction characteristic when the decrease amount of the electrolytic solution when the water level dropped from Upper-Level to Lower-Level was set to 100. The smaller this value is, the better the liquid reducing property is (the electrolytic solution is less likely to be reduced), and if this value is 100 or less, it can be determined to pass.

Further, when the voltage at the 30th second of the CC test satisfies both the voltage of 8.13 V or more and the liquid reduction characteristic of 100 or less, the comprehensive judgment is set to "〇", and when either or both is not satisfied, it is set to "x".
The results of these tests are shown in Table 1 together with the configuration of the liquid lead-acid battery.

The following can be seen from the results in Table 1.
The cell chamber 41 at one end and the cell chamber 46 at the other end are arranged with a group of electrode plates having an internal volume of 553 cm ³ and having 6 or 7 positive electrode plates of the above dimensions and 7 negative electrode plates of the above dimensions. No. 5 to 8 and No. 13 to 24 liquid lead-acid batteries satisfying both 0.61 cm ² ≤ S1 ≤ 0.90 cm ² and 550 cm ^-1 ≤ S2 / V1 ≤ 921 cm ^-1 are under high temperature environment. Good low-temperature discharge characteristics can be obtained while suppressing premature withering of the electrolytic solution in the above. On the other hand, the liquid formulas No. 1 to 4 and No. 24 to 27 that do not satisfy either or both of 0.61 cm ² ≤ S1 ≤ 0.90 cm ² and 550 cm ^-1 ≤ S2 / V1 ≤ 921 cm ^-1 . In a lead-acid battery, at least one of the effect of suppressing premature withering of the electrolytic solution in a high temperature environment and the improvement of low temperature discharge characteristics cannot be obtained.

1 Electric tank 13 Partition wall 13a Through hole of partition wall 2 Lid 21 Top plate of lid 21a Through hole of lid 22 Sleeve of lid 3 Electrode plate group 31 Negative electrode plate 311 Negative electrode substrate (base plate of negative electrode plate)
312 Negative electrode plate ear 310 Negative electrode strap 310a Negative electrode intermediate pole pillar 32 Positive electrode plate 321 Positive electrode substrate (positive electrode plate substrate)
322 Positive electrode plate ear 320 Positive electrode strap 320a Positive electrode intermediate pole pillar 34 Metal part that fills the through hole 35 Small piece part that is continuous with the strap 361 Negative electrode pole pillar 362 Positive electrode terminal pole pillar 362a Positive electrode terminal pole pillar seat 362b Positive electrode terminal pole Large diameter part of the pillar 362c Tapered part of the positive electrode terminal pole pillar (upper part of the positive electrode terminal pole pillar)
362d Small diameter part of positive electrode terminal pole pillar (upper part of positive electrode terminal pole pillar, upper part of positive electrode terminal pole pillar)
362e Tip of positive electrode pole pillar (upper part of positive electrode terminal pole pillar)
41-46 Cell chamber 41 Cell chamber at one end in the arrangement direction 46 Cell chamber at the other end in the arrangement direction 5 Electrolyte 6 Bushing 61 Bushing base 61a First part of the base (same diameter part)
61b Second part of the base (tapered part)
62 Bushing tip (same diameter)

Claims (1)

An electric tank having multiple cell chambers partitioned by a partition wall,
A plurality of electrode plates stored in each of the plurality of cell chambers, and
The electrolytic solution injected into the plurality of cell chambers and
A lid fixed to the battery case and closing the upper part of the plurality of cell chambers,
Equipped with
The electrode plate group includes a plurality of alternately arranged negative electrode plates and positive electrode plates, a separator arranged between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate, and above the plurality of negative electrode plates and positive electrode plates. The plurality of negative electrode plates and the plurality of positive electrode plates are arranged and connected to each other at different positions in the width direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate, respectively, in the thickness direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate. With a negative electrode strap and a positive electrode strap,
The electrode plate group is arranged in the cell chamber with the thickness direction of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate aligned with the arrangement direction of the cell chamber.
The negative electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the negative electrode strap of the electrode plate group arranged in one of the two adjacent cell chambers and the positive electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the positive electrode strap of the electrode plate group arranged on the other side. , Connected by a metal part that fills the inside of the through hole formed in the partition wall,
The negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate each have a substrate on which a negative electrode mixture and a positive electrode mixture are held, and an ear for collecting electricity protruding upward from the substrate, and the ear is the negative electrode strap. And connected by the positive electrode strap, respectively.
The electrode plate group arranged in the cell chamber at one end in the arrangement direction of the plurality of cell chambers has a negative electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the negative electrode strap and a positive electrode terminal pole pillar rising from the positive electrode strap.
The electrode plate group arranged in the cell chamber at the other end in the arrangement direction of the plurality of cell chambers has a negative electrode terminal pole column rising from the negative electrode strap and a positive electrode intermediate pole pillar rising from the positive electrode strap.
A through hole is formed in the lid at one end and an upper portion of the cell chamber at the other end, a bushing is embedded in the through hole, and the negative electrode terminal pole and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar are embedded in the bushing. The upper part of is inserted,
The bushing has an inner diameter portion formed at least in the upper portion in the thickness direction of the lid and having an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the upper portion of the negative electrode terminal pole pillar and the positive electrode terminal pole pillar, and the same diameter portion. Continuously, it has a tapered portion formed in the lower portion of the lid in the thickness direction and whose inner diameter increases as the inner diameter increases away from the same diameter portion.
The cross-sectional area S1 of the negative electrode terminal pole pillar, the negative electrode strap of the positive electrode terminal pole pillar, and the rising surface from the positive electrode strap is 0.61 cm ² or more and 0.90 cm ² or less.
In the cell chamber at one end and the cell chamber at the other end, the total area S2 of the front and back surfaces of the substrate constituting the plurality of negative electrode plates and the plurality of positive electrode plates of the electrode plate group, and the positive electrode terminal pole. Liquid lead that satisfies 550 cm ^-1 ≤ S2 / V1 ≤ 921 cm ^-1 in the relationship between the volume V1 from the boundary position between the same diameter portion and the tapered portion in the column and the negative electrode terminal pole column to the rising surface. Storage battery.

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