JP2021524845A - 高い活性薬剤ローディングを有する固体剤形 - Google Patents
高い活性薬剤ローディングを有する固体剤形 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2018年5月14日に出願した米国仮出願第62/671,341号の先の出願日の利益を主張し、同出願の全体を参照によって本明細書に組み入れる。
以下の用語および略語の説明は、本開示をより十分に説明し、本開示の実施において当業者を導くために提供される。本明細書で使用される場合、「含む(comprising)」は、「含む(including)」を意味し、「1つの(a)」もしくは「1つの(an)」または「その(the)」という単数形は、文脈上明らかに別段の指示がない限り、複数の指示対象を含む。したがって、「1つの(a)」または「1つの(an)」という不定冠詞は、通常、「少なくとも1つの」を意味する。「または」という用語は、文脈上明らかに別段の指示がない限り、記述された択一的要素の単一の要素または2つもしくはそれ以上の要素の組合せを指す。
開示された経口医薬組成物の実施形態は、(i)非晶質または実質的に非晶質(すなわち、少なくとも80wt%非晶質)形態の難水溶性活性薬剤および1つまたはそれ以上の分散ポリマーを含むマトリックス材料を含むSADと、(ii)1つまたはそれ以上の濃度持続ポリマー(CSP)とを含み、1つまたはそれ以上のCSPは、SAD内に分散しておらず、分散ポリマーおよびCSPは、異なるポリマーである、固体剤形(SDF)を含む。一部の実施形態では、SDFは、非晶質形態の難水溶性活性薬剤と、CSPポリマー単独、マトリックス分散ポリマー単独、または2つのポリマーの混合物とを含むSADを含む基準SDF中の活性薬剤ローディングよりも少なくとも50%高い活性薬剤ローディングを有する。有利には、開示されたSDFのある特定の実施形態はまた、過飽和の溶解活性薬剤濃度を得るための急速な崩壊および/または長期間にわたる過飽和の活性薬剤濃度の持続をもたらす。
固体非晶質分散体は、非晶質または実質的に非晶質(すなわち、少なくとも80wt%非晶質)形態の難水溶性活性薬剤と、1つまたはそれ以上の分散ポリマーを含むマトリックス材料とを含む。SADは、噴霧乾燥分散体とすることができる。
開示されたSDFの実施形態は、本明細書に開示されたSADおよび濃度持続ポリマー(CSP)を含む。一部の実施形態では、CSPは、イオン化可能なセルロース系ポリマー、イオン化不能なセルロース系ポリマー、イオン化可能な非セルロース系ポリマー、イオン化不能な非セルロース系ポリマー、またはそれらの組合せである。CSPは、PMMAMAではない。
開示された固体剤形(SDF)の実施形態は、本明細書に開示されたSADおよびCSPを含み、CSPは、SAD中に分散していない。SAD中の分散ポリマーは、SDFの急速な崩壊および溶解を容易にする一方で、CSPは、使用環境において過飽和の薬物濃度を持続させる。
開示された経口医薬組成物の実施形態は、SADおよびCSPを含む固体剤形を生じさせる任意の方法によって製造することができる。
開示された経口医薬組成物の実施形態は、難水溶性活性薬剤の送達のために対象(例えば、ヒトまたは動物)に投与される。一部の実施形態では、開示された経口医薬組成物は、a)良好な物理的安定性(例えば、活性薬剤の相分離/結晶化に関して)、b)急速な崩壊/溶解速度、c)過飽和の活性薬剤の持続、d)高い活性薬剤ローディング、またはそれらの任意の組合せを示す。有利には、経口医薬組成物のある特定の実施形態は、より小さいまたはより少ない投薬単位を使用して、難水溶性活性薬剤の改善された経口バイオアベイラビリティをもたらし、例えば、難水溶性活性薬剤の所望の投薬量を提供するのにより小さいSDFまたはより少ないSDFが必要とされる。
開示された経口医薬組成物の代表的な非限定的な実施形態を以下の番号付き段落に示す。
一般的方法
溶解性能:錠剤および懸濁剤を、USP2溶解装置(Vankel VK7000、Agilent、Santa Clara、CA)を光ファイバーUVプローブ検出(Rainbow(商標)、Pion、Billerca、MA)とともに使用する胃から腸の移行溶解試験において、溶解性能について評価した。実験に先立って、既知量のストックAPI溶液(メタノール中の10〜15mg/mLエルロチニブまたは95/5のTHF/H2O中の10〜15mg/mLポサコナゾール)のアリコートを、37±2℃で保たれた0.01N HCl、pH2.00からなる模擬胃液(SGF)、またはpH6.50の67mMリン酸カリウム+0.5wt%FaSSIF/FeSSIF/FaSSGF粉末(Biorelevant.com、London、英国)からなる模擬腸液(SIF)50〜100mLに送達することによって、各UVプローブ(経路長2mm)について固有の較正曲線を構築した。標準物質を作製する場合、HPMC E3をSIF溶液に添加して、エルロチニブ溶液の過飽和を持続させた。投薬を始めるために、1つの錠剤を500ml USP2溶解ベッセル内に含まれるSGF200mLに添加して、500μg/mLエルロチニブの名目用量濃度を達成した。試料を75rpmで撹拌し、USP2溶解装置に取り付けた加熱ブロックを通る循環水によって37℃で保った。SGF中での溶解性能を、0〜550μg/mlの較正範囲内で386〜396nmの波長範囲(2次微分スペクトル)を使用して、UVプローブにより30分間モニタリングした。30分後に、pH6.55の134mMホスフェート+1.0wt%FaSSIF/FeSSIF/FaSSGF粉末200mlを溶解ベッセルに添加して、SIF400ml中250μg/mLの最終用量濃度を達成した。SIF中での溶解性能を、エルロチニブについては0〜290μg/mLの較正範囲内で366〜376nmの波長範囲(2次微分スペクトル)またはポサコナゾールについては0〜160μg/mLの較正範囲内で266〜272nmの波長範囲(2次微分スペクトル)を使用して、90分間にわたってモニタリングした。SIF中での溶解プロファイルを使用して、曲線下面積を台形法を使用して計算した。
エルロチニブは、高い薬物ローディングを有するSDFに非晶質形態として含まれた場合に不十分な物理的安定性を有する急速結晶化物質である。エルロチニブの一般的投薬量は、150mg/日(非小細胞肺がん)および100mg/日(膵臓がん)である。エルロチニブは、以下の測定された特性を有する:Log P 2.8、pKa(塩基) 5.3、0.5%模擬腸液(SIF)中の結晶質溶解度 3μg/mL、胃緩衝液(GB)中の結晶質溶解度 182μg/mL、0.5%SIF中の非晶質溶解度 約380μg/mL、Tm 157℃、Tg 39℃、Tm/Tg(K/K) 1.4。
組成物1および2(表1および2;図1および2)による錠剤を、2つの異なる手法によって製剤化した。第1の手法は、実施例1に記載されている。簡潔には、SAD、HPMCAS−HFおよびIG添加剤を組み合わせて、IGブレンドを形成した。その後、IGブレンドをEG添加剤と混合し、圧縮して、錠剤を形成した。第2の手法では、SADおよびIG添加剤を組み合わせて、IGブレンドを形成した。その後、IGブレンドをEG添加剤およびHPMCAS−HMP(中粒子サイズグレード、Shin−Etsu AQOATグレード:AS−HMP)と混合し、圧縮して、錠剤を形成した。したがって、2つの手法は、HPMCASのグレード−微細または中粒子サイズ−およびHPMCASの位置−IGブレンド中(内部)またはIGブレンドの外部−が異なっていた。処方を表4にまとめる。
異なる薬物ローディング(エルロチニブ)および分散ポリマー−HPMCAS−HまたはPMMAMA−1−を含む噴霧乾燥分散体を製造し、方法に記載された加速物理的安定性研究に供した。薬物ローディングは、PMMAMA−1中25〜75wt%およびHPMCAS−H中25〜60wt%の範囲であった。安定性研究では、SADを規定の温度および相対湿度に設定したチャンバーの中の開放容器に入れた。SDDの試料を0週間、1週間、2週間、および4週間でチャンバーから取り出し、以下により評価した:
・ガラス転移温度(Tg)および潜在的な結晶化または溶融事象を測定するための示差走査熱量測定(DSC);
・結晶性の存在(試料質量の約3%まで)を測定するための粉末x線回折(PXRD);ならびに
・形態の視覚的変化、SADの融合、および/または結晶の存在を検出するための走査電子顕微鏡法(SEM)。
PMMAMA−1またはPMMAMA−2(Eudragit(登録商標)S100ポリマー)中のエルロチニブを含むHLDFを製造した。各HLDFにおいて、噴霧乾燥SAD中の薬物ローディングは、65wt%であり、CSPは、顆粒内ブレンドに組み入れたHMCAS−HFであった。
ポサコナゾールは、高い薬物ローディングを有するSDFに非晶質形態として含まれた場合に不十分な物理的安定性を有する急速結晶化物質である。ポサコナゾール錠剤の投薬量は、重度の免疫不全に起因して侵襲性アスペルギルスおよびカンジダ感染症を発症する危険性が高い患者、例えば移植片対宿主病(GVHD)を有する造血幹細胞移植(HSCT)レシピエントまたは化学療法による長期の好中球減少症を伴う血液学的悪性腫瘍を有する患者におけるこれらの感染症の予防については、300mg/日であり、1日目に追加で300mgの負荷用量である。ポサコナゾールは、以下の特性を有する:Log P 4.5、pKa(塩基) 4.5、0.5%模擬腸液(SIF)中の結晶質溶解度 2.2μg/mL、胃緩衝液(GB)中の結晶質溶解度 33μg/mL、0.5%SIF中の非晶質溶解度 約55μg/mL、Tm 168℃、Tg 59℃、Tm/Tg(K/K) 1.3。
異なる薬物ローディング(ポサコナゾール)および分散ポリマー−HPMCAS−HまたはPMMAMA−1−を含む噴霧乾燥分散体を製造し、方法に記載された加速物理的安定性研究に供した。薬物ローディングは、PMMAMA−1中50〜85wt%およびHPMCAS−H中35〜75wt%の範囲であった。安定性研究では、SADを規定の温度および相対湿度に設定したチャンバーの中の開放容器に入れた。
・ガラス転移温度(Tg)および潜在的な結晶化または溶融事象を測定するための示差走査熱量測定(DSC);
・結晶性の存在(試料質量の約3%まで)を測定するための粉末x線回折(PXRD);ならびに
・形態の視覚的変化、SADの融合、および/または結晶の存在を検出するための走査電子顕微鏡法(SEM)。
Claims (18)
- 固体剤形(SDF)を含む経口医薬組成物であって、SDFは、
難水溶性活性薬剤とポリ[(メタクリル酸メチル)−co−(メタクリル酸)](PMMAMA)とを含むマトリックス材料を含む固体非晶質分散体(SAD)であって、PMMAMAは、示差走査熱量測定によって測定して、<5%の相対湿度で≧135℃のガラス転移温度Tgを有する、SAD;および
濃度持続ポリマー(CSP)
を含み、
CSPは、PMMAMAではなく、
CSPは、SAD中に分散しておらず、
SADは、SDFの少なくとも35wt%である、前記経口医薬組成物。 - CSPは、酢酸コハク酸ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMCAS)、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC)、ポリ(ビニルピロリドン−co−酢酸ビニル)(PVPVA)、カルボキシメチルエチルセルロース(CMEC)、またはそれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- 難水溶性活性薬剤は、≧1.3、≧1.35または≧1.4の溶融温度Tmとガラス転移温度Tgの比および≦10のLog Pを有する、請求項1または2に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SADは、少なくとも35wt%、少なくとも40wt%、少なくとも50wt%、少なくとも60wt%、少なくとも70wt%、またはさらに少なくとも75wt%の活性薬剤ローディングを有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SADは、SDFの少なくとも40wt%、SDFの少なくとも50wt%、少なくとも60wt%、またはさらにSDFの少なくとも70wt%である、請求項4に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- CSPは、SDFの少なくとも5wt%、SDFの少なくとも10wt%、SDFの少なくとも20wt%、またはさらにSDFの少なくとも25wt%である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SADおよびCSPは合わせて、SDFの少なくとも50wt%、SDFの少なくとも60wt%、SDFの少なくとも70wt%、SDFの少なくとも80wt%、またはさらにSDFの少なくとも90wt%である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- CSPと活性薬剤の比は、0.4:1から5:1、0.5:1から3:1、またはさらに0.8:1から2:1である、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- PMMAMAは、1:0.8から1:2.2の遊離カルボキシル基とエステル基の比を有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SADの粒子の少なくとも95%は、<10のアスペクト比を有する、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SADは、少なくとも1つの添加剤をさらに含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SDFは、
SADの粒子およびCSPの粒子を含む顆粒状ブレンド;または
個々の顆粒がSAD粒子およびCSP粒子を含む顆粒内ブレンド
を含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。 - SDFは、顆粒内ブレンドを含み、顆粒内ブレンドの個々の顆粒の少なくとも一部は、SAD粒子、CSP粒子、および1つまたはそれ以上の顆粒内添加剤を含む、請求項12に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SDFは、1つまたはそれ以上の顆粒外添加剤をさらに含む、請求項12または13に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SDFは、圧縮された錠剤またはカプレット剤であり、SADおよびCSPをブレンドし、圧縮して、錠剤またはカプレット剤を形成する、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SDFは、圧縮されたSAD粒子と、CSPを含む外側コーティングとを含む圧縮された錠剤またはカプレット剤である、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SDFは、カプセル殻と、SADおよびCSPを含む充填物とを含むカプセル剤である、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
- SDFは、CSPを含むカプセル殻と、SADを含む充填物とを含むカプセル剤である、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の経口医薬組成物。
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US20240261225A1 (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2024-08-08 | Lonza Bend Inc. | Formic acid as processing aid in spray drying for basic drugs |
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