JP2021501711A - Bearing laminate with foam layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The bearing laminate may include a metal support layer, a foam layer on the metal support layer containing the polymer foam, and a sliding layer on the polymer foam layer containing the polymer matrix. Bearing products made from bearing laminates can have excellent damping characteristics, such as high damping ratio combined with low dynamic stiffness.

Description

The present disclosure provides a bearing laminate (laminate) having a metal support, a foam layer containing a polymer foam, and a sliding layer on the foam layer, a bearing product including the bearing laminate, and a bearing laminate. Regarding the method.

Maintenance-free sliding bearings having a layered structure including a metal support layer, an intermediate layer and a sliding layer adhered thereto are provided in various technical fields such as automobiles, electronic devices, and HVAC (heating and heating air conditioning equipment (heating venting)). And air conditioning)), and used in the field of bicycle engineering.

Known maintenance-free sliding bearings continue to need to be improved by combining vibration damping, tolerance tolerance, and wear resistance with low-cost design and cost-effective manufacturing processes.

According to one embodiment, the bearing laminate comprises a metal support layer, a foam layer on the metal support layer containing the polymer foam, and a sliding layer on the polymer foam layer containing the polymer matrix. Be prepared.

According to another embodiment, the bearing product is formed from a laminate, which is on a metal support layer, a foam layer on the metal support layer containing the polymer foam, and on the polymer foam layer. Yes A sliding layer containing a polymer matrix is provided.

According to still another embodiment, the method of forming the bearing laminate includes a step of providing a metal support layer, a foam layer containing a polymer foam, and a sliding layer, and a metal support layer, a foam layer, and a slide. Includes a step of joining the moving layers by applying pressure and / or heat treatment with at least one adhesive.

Reference to the accompanying drawings may enhance the understanding of the present disclosure and reveal to those skilled in the art a number of features and advantages thereof.

An explanatory diagram of a bearing laminate according to an embodiment is included. An explanatory diagram of a bearing laminate according to an embodiment is included. An explanatory diagram of a bearing laminate according to an embodiment is included. An explanatory diagram of a bearing laminate according to an embodiment is included. An explanatory diagram of a bearing laminate according to an embodiment is included. An image of a test setup for measuring the resonant frequency of the bearing laminate according to the embodiment is shown. A line art of a partial cross section of the image shown in FIG. 6A is shown. Includes a graph exemplifying how to obtain the resonance frequency. An image of a test setup for simulating headrest performance, including two stripes of a bearing laminate placed on a guide sleeve according to an embodiment, is shown. An image of a test setup simulating headrest performance is shown, including two stripes of a bearing laminate placed on a guide sleeve according to an embodiment and a central shaft. Includes an explanatory diagram of a portion of the test setup to simulate headrest performance. Includes images of a portion of the test setup to simulate headrest performance.

The terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "inclusions", "has", and "having" as used herein. , Or any other variant of them, is intended to extend to non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, product, or device that includes an enumeration of configurations is not necessarily limited to those configurations and is not explicitly listed or is not specific to such a process, method, product, or device. It may include features.

Unless otherwise stated, "or" as used herein means inclusive or, and does not mean exclusive or. For example, in conditions A or B, A is true (or exists), B is false (or nonexistent), A is false (or nonexistent), and B is true (or nonexistent). (Exists), and is satisfied by any one of both A and B being true (or present).

Also, the use of "is (a)" or "is (an)" is used to describe the elements and components described herein. This is done solely for convenience and to give the general meaning of the scope of the invention. This description shall be read as including one or at least one, and the singular form also includes a plurality unless it is clear to mean otherwise.

Next, with reference to the accompanying drawings, various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described as merely examples.

The present disclosure relates to bearing laminates and bearing products made from bearing laminates with favorable vibration and sound damping properties.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the bearing laminate 1 may include a metal support layer 2, a foam layer 3 on the metal support layer, and a sliding layer 4 on the foam layer. The bearing laminate may thus include a layered structure having at least three layers.

Further, the layer of the bearing laminate is, for example, between the first adhesive layer 5 between the metal support layer 2 and the foam layer 3 and the foam layer 3 and the sliding layer 4, as illustrated in FIG. The second adhesive layer 6 of the above may be included.

Bearing products formed from the bearing laminates of the present disclosure may have excellent vibration damping characteristics such as high damping ratio combined with low dynamic stiffness.

In certain embodiments, the damping ratio of the bearing laminate can be 10% or greater, such as 15% or greater, or 17% or greater. In other embodiments, the damping ratio may be 50% or less, such as 40% or less, 30% or less, 25% or less, or 20% or less. The attenuation ratio can be any of the above-mentioned minimum to maximum values, such as 10% to 50%, 13% to 25%, or 15% to 20%.

The dynamic rigidity of the bearing laminate can be 1N / μm or more, such as 2N / μm or more, 5N / μm or more, or 10N / μm or more. In another embodiment, the dynamic rigidity of the bearing laminate may be 50 N / μm or less, such as 30 N / μm or less, 20 N / μ m or less, or 15 N / μ m or less. The kinematic rigidity can be a value from any of the above-mentioned minimum to maximum values, such as 1N / μm to 50N / μm, 2N / μm to 20N / μm, or 5N / μm to 15N / μm.

The excellent damping properties can be largely related to the polymeric foam present in the foam layer of the bearing laminate. The term polymer foam herein is intended to mean a solid, highly porous, artificial or natural material that contains air bubbles dispersed within a solid polymer material. The polymeric foams of the present disclosure may have a closed cell structure or an open cell structure. A closed cell structure generally means a gas-filled material and the pores are not interconnected, while an open cell structure includes connected pores that form an interconnected network. The solid foam can be divided into an open cell structure and a closed cell structure, but the cell structure or pore structure of the solid foam can be a wide range of cells and pores of various sizes, with a certain amount on the other hand. It can consist of a closed cell structure and an open cell structure in which the type of is dominant.

According to a further embodiment, the polymeric foams encompassed by the foam layer 3, such as 0.25 g / cm ³ or more, 0.4 g / cm ³ or more, 0.65 g / cm ³ or more, 0.8 g / cm ^It can have a density of 0.15 g / cm ³ or higher, such as ³ or higher, or 1.0 g / cm ³ or higher, according to ASTM D3574. In another embodiment, the density of the polymer foam is 2.0 g / cm ³ or less, 1.8 g / cm ³ or less, 1.5 g / cm ³ or less, or 1.2 g / cm ³ or less. It may be 5 g / cm ³ or less. The density of the polymer ^{foam, 0.15g / cm 3 ~1.5g / cm} 3, 0.25g / cm 3 ~1.2g / cm 3, or 0.3g / cm ³ ~0.9g / cm ³ It may be a value from an arbitrary minimum value to a maximum value described above.

In yet another embodiment, the polymer foam of the polymer foam layer may have an average pore size of 20 μm or more, such as 50 μm or more, 100 μm or more, 200 μm or more, or 300 μm or more. In another embodiment, the solid foam may have an average pore size of 1500 μm or less, such as 1000 μm or less, 700 μm or less, or 500 μm or less. The solid foam may have an average pore size from any of the above mentioned minimum to maximum values, such as 20 μm to 1500 μm, 50 μm to 1000 μm, or 100 μm to 400 μm.

In yet another embodiment, the polymeric foam of the foam layer may have anisotropic behavior, with a statistically significant number of pores oriented in a particular direction, with the majority of the pores having an asymmetric shape, eg , Oval or annular.

In a further embodiment, the polymeric foam, 0.5 cm ³ / g or more, 0.7 cm ³ / g or more, or the like 1 cm ³ / g or more, a 0.4 cm ³ / g or more pore volume May be good. In another aspect, the pore volume of the polymeric foam can be 100 cm ³ / g or less, such as 80 cm ³ / g or less, 50 cm ³ / g or less, 20 cm ³ / g or less, or 10 cm ³ / g or less. Pore volume of the polymeric ^{foam, 0.4cm 3 / g~100cm 3 / g} , 1cm 3 / g~50cm 3 / g, or 5cm ³ / g~30cm ³ / g, such as, any of the minimum values described above Can be a value from to the maximum value.

Non-limiting examples of foaming materials suitable for polymer foams included in the foam layer are polyurethane foams, polyethylene foams, polyester foams, acrylate foams, polyvinyl chloride foams (PVCs), silicon foams. It can be a body, a fluoropolymer foam, a nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) foam, an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) foam, a polypropylene foam, or any combination thereof. In individual embodiments, the foam material may consist essentially of polyurethane foam.

The polymeric foam of the foam layer may contain one or more fillers. The filler contained in the foam layer may be in the form of powder, spheres, or fibers. Non-limiting examples of filler materials can be glass, carbon, CaCo ₃ , antioxidants, thermally conductive materials, conductive materials, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the filler can be a fiber, which may be oriented within the foam layer, eg, in the length direction of the foam layer. Such fiber orientation can result in the anisotropic properties of the foam layer.

The filler content of the polymer foam layer is 0.5 wt% or more, 1 wt% or more, 5 wt% or more, 10 wt% or more, 30 wt% or more, 50 wt% or more, or 70 wt% or more, based on the total weight of the foam layer. , 0.1 wt% or more. In another aspect, the amount of filler may be 90 wt% or less, such as 85 wt% or less, 80 wt% or less, or 75 wt% or less. The filler content can be any of the above-mentioned minimum to maximum values, such as 0.1 wt% to 90 wt%, 1 wt% to 80 wt%, 10 wt% to 50 wt%, based on the total weight of the foam layer. ..

In an embodiment, the foam layer may have a thickness of 0.1 mm or more, such as 0.2 mm or more, 0.3 mm or more, 0.5 mm or more, or 1.0 mm or more. In other embodiments, the foam layer may have a thickness of 2.0 mm or less, such as 1.5 mm or less, 1.3 mm or less, or 1.1 mm or less. The thickness of the foam layer is from an arbitrary minimum value to a maximum value described above, such as 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm, 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.9 mm, or 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm. Can be a value up to.

In certain embodiments, the foamed layer 3 may include a reinforcing layer 7, as illustrated in FIG. Non-limiting examples of reinforcing layers can be mesh, fleece, fabric, film, or foil. The material of the reinforcing layer can be, for example, metal, alloy, polymer, or ceramic. In individual embodiments, the reinforcing layer material may have anisotropic properties. In the embodiment, the thickness of the reinforcing layer in the foam layer may be 0.1 mm or more, such as 0.2 mm or more or 0.5 mm or more. In other embodiments, the thickness can be 1.0 mm or less, such as 0.9 mm or less or 0.7 mm or less. The thickness of the reinforcing layer may be a value from any of the above-mentioned minimum values to maximum values, such as 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.9 mm, or 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm. ..

The foam layer 3 of the bearing laminate of the present disclosure may include a plurality of sub-foam layers. In certain embodiments, the foam layer 3 may include at least 3 subfoam layers, at least 4 subfoam layers, or at least 5 subfoam layers. In individual embodiments, the subfoam layers can be connected to each other using an adhesive.

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a bearing laminate, wherein the foam layer 3 includes two sub-foam layers 3a and 3b and one adhesive layer 8 that connects the sub-foam layer 3a to the sub-foam layer 3b. Further, the bearing laminate of FIG. 4 slides with the metal support 2, the sliding 4, the first adhesive layer 5 for connecting the metal support 2 and the sub-foam layer 3a, and the sub-foam layer 3b. It includes a second adhesive layer 6 that binds the layer 4.

The metal support layer of the bearing laminate of the present disclosure includes chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, gallium, indium, silicon, It can be a continuous layer containing germanium, tin, antimony, bismus, or any combination thereof. In individual embodiments, the metal support layer can be steel, bronze, aluminum, brass, copper, or nickel.

In certain embodiments, the metal support may comprise a coating. The coating of the metal support may be a plating containing an organic resin such as paint, sealer, or epoxy resin. In certain embodiments, the coatings are chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon. , Germanium, tin, antimony, bismuth, or any combination thereof, can be a metal or alloy. The preferred coating material for the metal support can be epoxy resin, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, or tin.

The thickness of the metal support layer can be 0.1 mm or more, such as 0.2 mm or more, 0.3 mm or more, 0.5 mm or more, or 1.0 mm or more. In other embodiments, the thickness of the metal support layer may be 2.0 mm or less, such as 1.5 mm or less or 1.1 mm or less. The thickness of the metal support layer can be any of the above-mentioned minimum to maximum values, such as 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, or 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm.

As illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the metal support layer 2, the foam layer 3, and the sliding layer 4 of the bearing laminate of the present disclosure are the first to attach the metal support layer 2 to the foam layer 3. The adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6 that binds the sliding layer 4 to the foam layer 3 can be bonded to each other. The first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6 may contain the same type of adhesive or different adhesives. As illustrated in FIG. 4, in an embodiment in which the foam layer 3 includes at least two sub-foam layers, the adhesive layer 8 that binds the sub-foam layers 3a and 3b is also the first adhesive layer 5 and / or the first. It can be the same type of adhesive used for the adhesive layer 6 of 2 or it can be different. Non-limiting examples of adhesives that can be used for adhesive layers 5, 6, and / or 8 are acrylate-based adhesives, epoxy adhesives, polyimide adhesives, fluoropolymer-based adhesives, low temperature hot melt adhesives. The agent, in particular an ethylene vinyl acetate or polyether polyamide copolymer, or any combination thereof may be included. In individual embodiments, the adhesive can be an acrylate-based pressure-sensitive adhesive in both the first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6.

The first adhesive layer 5, the second adhesive layer 6, and any adhesive layer that binds the two subfoam layers may be the same or different from each other. In certain embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive layer can be 0.001 mm or greater, such as 0.005 mm or greater, 0.01 mm or greater, or 0.05 mm or greater. In another aspect, the thickness of the adhesive layer may be 0.5 mm or less, such as 0.4 mm or less, 0.3 mm or less, 0.2 mm or less, or 0.1 mm or less. The thickness of the adhesive layer can be any of the above-mentioned minimum to maximum values, such as 0.001 mm to 0.5 mm, 0.05 mm to 0.4 mm, or 0.01 mm to 0.25 mm.

The sliding layer 4 on the foam layer 3 may include a polymeric matrix. Non-limiting material examples of the polymer matrix are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified polytetrafluoroethylene (mPTFE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), perfluoroalkoxyethylene (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene-hexa. Fluoropropylene (FEP), Tetrafluoro-ethylene-Perfluoro (methylvinyl ether) (MFA), Vinylidene Polyfluoride (PVDF), Ethylene-Chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), Polyimide (PI), Polyamideimide (PAI), Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS), polyether sulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSO2), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyether ketone (PEK), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), aromatic polyester (Ekonol), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone (PEK), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyamide (PA), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyethylene (PE) / UHMPE, polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, styrene butadiene copolymer, Polyester, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, styrene block polymer, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polyester, vinylidene chloride, aliphatic polyketone, liquid crystal polymer, ethylene methyl acrylate It can be a copolymer, an ethylene-norbornene copolymer, a polymethylpentene and ethylene acrylate copolymer, or any combination thereof. In individual embodiments, the polymeric matrix may include PTFE.

In a particular embodiment, the sliding layer 4 comprises a support layer 2, a first adhesive layer 5, a foam layer 3, a second adhesive layer 6, a sliding layer 4, and a reinforcing layer 9 in the sliding layer 4. Including As illustrated in the bearing laminate of FIG. 5, the reinforcing layer 9 may be included. A non-limiting example of the reinforcing layer 9 can be a film, foil, or porous layer, such as a mesh, fleece, fabric, or stretched material. The material of the reinforcing layer can be, for example, metal, alloy, polymer, or ceramic. In individual embodiments, the reinforcing layer material may have anisotropic properties. In the embodiment, the thickness of the reinforcing layer in the sliding layer may be 0.1 mm or more, such as 0.2 mm or more or 0.5 mm or more. In other embodiments, the thickness can be 1.0 mm or less, such as 0.9 mm or less or 0.7 mm or less. The thickness of the reinforcing layer 9 may be any of the above-mentioned values from the minimum value to the maximum value, such as 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.9 mm, or 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm. Good.

In the embodiment, the sliding layer can have a thickness of 2 μm or more, such as 10 μm or more, 20 μm or more, 30 μm or more, 50 μm or more, 100 μm or more, 200 μm or more, or 500 μm or more. In another embodiment, the sliding layer can have a thickness of 1000 μm or less, such as 900 μm or less, 800 μm or less, 600 μm or less, or 550 μm or less. The thickness of the sliding layer can be any of the above-mentioned minimum to maximum values, such as 2 μm to 1000 μm, 10 μm to 800 μm, or 100 μm to 600 μm.

In certain embodiments of the laminates of the present disclosure, the ratio of the thickness of the sliding layer 4 to the foam layer 3 can be 1:10 or greater, such as 1: 5 or greater or 1: 1 or greater. In other specific embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the sliding layer to the foam layer may be 10: 1 or less, such as 5: 1 or less or 2: 1 or less.

In a further embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the foam layer 3 to the total thickness of the bearing laminate can be 1: 3 or greater, such as 1: 2.5 or greater or 1: 1.8 or greater. In other embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the foam layer 3 to the total thickness of the laminate may be 1: 1.2 or less, such as 1: 1.3 or less or 1: 1.4 or less. The ratio of the thickness of the foam layer to the total thickness of the laminate can be any value from the minimum to the maximum, such as 1: 3 to 1: 1.12 or 1: 2 to 1: 1.14. ..

The bearing laminate of the present disclosure is formed by providing each sheet-like material of the metal support layer 2, the foam layer 3, and the sliding layer 4 and joining the sheets under pressure and / or heat application. Can be done.

In one embodiment, the foam layer can be a sheet in which adhesives are applied on both sides and bonded to the metal support layer and the sliding layer under pressure. In individual embodiments, the adhesive may be a pressure sensitive adhesive containing an acrylate compound.

The bearing laminates of the present disclosure form bearing products that may be adapted for use in headrests, ball joints, hinges, seat structures as friction plates, stabilizer bearings, tolerance compensation components, or noise absorbers. Can be used for.

Many different aspects and embodiments are possible. Some of these aspects are described herein. Those skilled in the art will appreciate after reading this specification that those embodiments and embodiments are only exemplary and do not limit the scope of the invention. The embodiment may follow any one or more of the embodiments listed below.

Embodiments will be described below.

Embodiment 1
It is a bearing laminate
With a metal support layer
A foam layer on the metal support layer containing a polymer foam and
A bearing laminate comprising a sliding layer on the polymer foam layer, which comprises a polymer matrix.

Embodiment 2
A bearing product formed from a bearing laminate, wherein the bearing laminate is
With a metal support layer
A foam layer on the metal support layer containing a polymer foam and
A bearing product comprising a sliding layer on the polymer foam layer, which comprises a polymer matrix.

Embodiment 3
A method of forming a bearing laminate,
At the stage of providing a metal support layer, a foam layer containing a polymer foam, and a sliding layer,
A method comprising joining the metal support layer, the foam layer, and the sliding layer using at least one adhesive by applying pressure and / or heat treatment.

Embodiment 4
The bearing laminate according to the first, second, or third embodiment, which has a dynamic rigidity of 1N / μm or more, such as 2N / μm or more, 5N / μm or more, 7N / μm or more, or 10N / μm or more. Bearing product, or method.

Embodiment 5
The laminate has a dynamic rigidity of 50 N / μm or less, such as 30 N / μm or less, 25 N / μ m or less, 20 N / μ m or less, or 15 N / μ m or less, or 10 N / μ m or less. , Or a bearing laminate of 4, bearing product, or method.

Embodiment 6
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of Embodiment 4 or 5, wherein the laminate has a dynamic rigidity of 5 N / μm or more and 20 N / μm or less.

Embodiment 7
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the laminate has a damping ratio of 10% or greater, such as 15% or greater, or 17% or greater, or 19% or greater.

8th Embodiment
The laminate may be any of the bearing laminates, bearing products, or bearing products of the preceding embodiments having a damping ratio of 50% or less, 40% or less, 30% or less, 25% or less, 23% or less, or 20% or less. Method.

Embodiment 9
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, wherein the laminate has a damping ratio of 17% or more and 30% or less.

Embodiment 10
Further, any bearing of the preceding embodiment comprising a first adhesive layer between the metal support and the foam layer and a second adhesive layer between the foam layer and the sliding layer. Laminates, bearing products, or methods.

Embodiment 11
The bearing laminate, bearing product, and method according to Embodiment 10, wherein the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer comprise the same type of adhesive.

Embodiment 12
The bearing laminate, bearing product, and method of Embodiment 10, wherein the first adhesive layer contains an adhesive different from that of the second adhesive layer.

Embodiment 13
The bearing laminate, bearing product, and method of embodiment 10, 11, or 12, wherein the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive.

Embodiment 14
The polymer foams include polyureta foams, polyethylene foams, polyester foams, acrylate foams, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foams, silicon foams, fluoropolymer foams, and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) foams. , Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) foams, polypropylene foams, or any combination thereof, the bearing laminates, bearing products, or methods of any of the prior embodiments.

Embodiment 15
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of Embodiment 14, wherein the polymeric foam comprises a polyurethane foam.

Embodiment 16
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 15, wherein the polymeric foam is essentially a polyurethane foam.

Embodiment 17
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, wherein the polymeric foam has a closed cell structure.

Embodiment 18
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of embodiments 1-16, wherein the polymer foam has an open cell structure.

Embodiment 19
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, wherein the foam layer comprises at least two sub-foam layers.

20th embodiment
The bearing laminate, bearing product of the method of embodiment 19, wherein the at least two subfoam layers are connected to each other by an adhesive.

21st embodiment
The foam layer is a bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, further comprising a reinforcing layer.

Embodiment 22
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 21, wherein the reinforcing layer comprises a mesh, stretched material, fleece, fabric, film, or foil.

23rd Embodiment
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 21 or 22, wherein the material of the reinforcing layer comprises metal, ceramic, glass fiber, carbon fiber, plastic, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 24
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of embodiments 21, 22, or 23, wherein the reinforcing layer has anisotropic properties.

25.
The foam layer has a thickness of 0.1 mm or more, such as 0.2 mm or more, 0.3 mm or more, 0.5 mm or more, or 1.0 mm or more, and is any of the bearing laminates and bearing products of the preceding embodiments. , Or the method.

Embodiment 26
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the foam layer has a thickness of 2.0 mm or less, such as 1.5 mm or less, 1.3 mm or less, or 1.1 mm or less.

Embodiment 27
The ratio of the thickness of the sliding layer to the polymer foam layer is 1:10 or more, such as 1: 5 or more or 1: 1 or more, any of the bearing laminates, bearing products, or bearing products of the preceding embodiments. Method.

28.
The ratio of the thickness of the sliding layer to the polymer foam layer is 10: 1 or less, such as 5: 1 or less or 2: 1 or less, any bearing laminate, bearing product, or bearing product of the preceding embodiment. Method.

Embodiment 29
The ratio of the thickness of the polymer foam layer to the total thickness of the laminate is 1: 1.2 or less, such as 1: 1.3 or less, 1: 1.4 or less, or 1: 1.6 or less. , Bearing laminates, bearing products, or methods of any of the prior embodiments.

30th embodiment
The ratio of the thickness of the polymer foam layer to the total thickness of the laminate is 1: 3 or more, or 1: 2.5 or more, or 1: 2 or more, or 1: 1.8 or more. A bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the embodiments.

Embodiment 31
The foam layer is a bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, further comprising a filler.

Embodiment 32
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of Embodiment 31, wherein the filler of the foam layer comprises glass, CaCo ₃ , antioxidants, thermally conductive materials, conductive materials, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 33
The amount of the filler in the foam layer is 0.1 wt% or more based on the total weight of the foam layer, such as 5.0 wt% or more, 10 wt% or more, or 70 wt% or more. Bearing laminates, bearing products, or methods.

Embodiment 34
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 31, 32, or 33, wherein the amount of the filler in the foam layer is 90 wt% or less, such as 85 wt% or less, 80 wt% or less, or 75 wt% or less.

Embodiment 35
The material of the metal support layer is chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, etc. A bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, including germanium, tin, antimony, bismuth, alloys, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 36
The metal support layer is a bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, including steel, bronze, aluminum, brass, copper, nickel, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 37
The metal support further comprises a coating, the coating comprising a bearing laminate, bearing product, or method according to any one of the prior embodiments, comprising an organic resin, metal, or alloy.

38.
The metal or alloy of the coating is chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, aluminum, gallium, indium, A bearing laminate, bearing product, or method according to embodiment 37, comprising silicon, germanium, tin, antimony, bismus, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 39
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method according to embodiment 37 or 38, wherein the coating of the metal support comprises an epoxy resin, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, tin, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 40
The metal support is a bearing laminate or bearing according to any of the preceding embodiments having a thickness of 0.1 mm or more, such as 0.2 mm or more, 0.3 mm or more, 0.5 mm or more, or 0.8 mm or more. Product or method.

Embodiment 41
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, wherein the metal support has a thickness of 2.0 mm or less, such as 1.5 mm or less or 1.0 mm or less.

42.
The polymer matrix of the sliding layer is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified polytetrafluoroethylene (mPTFE), ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), perfluoroalkoxyethylene (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoro. Propylene (FEP), tetrafluoro-ethylene-perfluoro (methylvinyl ether) (MFA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), polyimide (PI), polyamideimide (PAI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulphon (PPSO2), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyetherketone (PEK), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetheretherketone aromatic polyester (EKONOL), Polyetherketone (PEK), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyamide (PA), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyethylene (PE) / UHMPE, polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, styrene butadiene copolymer, polyester, polycarbonate, poly Acrylonitrile, polyamide, styrene block copolymer, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polyester, polyvinylidene chloride, aliphatic polyketone, ethylene-norbornene copolymer, ethylene methyl acrylate A bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, comprising a polymer, a polymer of polymethylpentene and ethyleneacrylic acid, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 43
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 42, wherein the polymeric matrix comprises PTFE.

Embodiment 44
The sliding layer is the bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments, further comprising a filler.

Embodiment 45
The filler of the sliding layer is carbon, glass, graphite, EKONOL (registered trademark), aluminum oxide, molybdenum sulfide, bronze, silicon carbide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyimide (PI), polyimideamide (PAI). , Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyphenylene sulfide (PPSO2), liquid crystal polyma (LCP), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketone (PES), polyetherketone (PEK), aromatic polyester, glass fiber, carbon fiber , PTFE fiber, PPS fiber, aramid, silicate stone, or barium sulfate, the bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 44.

Embodiment 46
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 45, wherein the filler comprises graphite, carbon, Ekonol, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 47
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 44, 45, or 46, wherein the polymeric matrix comprises PTFE and the filler comprises graphite, carbon, econols, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 48
The sliding layer is a bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the preceding embodiments, further comprising a reinforcing layer.

Embodiment 49
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 48, wherein the reinforcing layer comprises a film, foil, mesh, fleece, fabric, or stretched material.

Embodiment 50
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 48 or 49, wherein the material of the reinforcing layer comprises metal, ceramic, glass fiber, carbon fiber, plastic, or any combination thereof.

Embodiment 51
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of embodiments 48, 49, or 50, wherein the reinforcing layer has anisotropic properties.

52.
The bearing laminate or bearing product of any of the preceding embodiments having a thickness of 2 μm or more, such as 10 μm or more, 15 μm or more, 20 μm or more, 30 μm or more, 50 μm or more, 100 μm or more, or 200 μm or more. , Or the method.

Embodiment 53
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the sliding layer has a thickness of 1000 μm or less, such as 900 μm or less, 800 μm or less, 600 μm or less, or 400 μm or less.

Embodiment 54
The polymer foam, 0.4 g / cm ³ or more, 0.65 g / cm ³ or more, 0.8 g / cm ³ or more, or the like 1.0 g / cm ³ or more, 0.15 g / cm ³ or more density A bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of any of the prior embodiments having.

Embodiment 55
The density of the polymer foam is 2.0 g / cm ³ or less, 1.8 g / cm ³ or less, 1.5 g / cm ³ or less, 1.2 g / cm ³ or less, or 1.0 g / cm ³ or less, or the like 0.9 g / cm ³ or less, which may be 2.5 g / cm ³ or less, one of the bearing laminates of the prior embodiment, the bearing product, or method.

Embodiment 56
The polymer foam is 0.15 g / cm ³ or more and 1.5 g / cm ³ or less, 0.25 g / cm ³ or more and 1.2 g / cm ³ or less, or 0.3 g / cm ³ or more and 0.9 g / cm. A bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 54 or 55 having a density of ³ or less.

Embodiment 57
The bearing laminate, bearing product, or method of embodiment 56, wherein the polymer foam has a density of 0.3 g / cm ³ or more and 0.9 g / cm ³ or less.

Embodiment 58
The bearing product of any of embodiments 2 or 4-57, wherein the bearing product is adapted for use in headrests, ball joints, hinges, seat structures as a friction plate, stabilizer bearing, or absorber.

The following non-limiting examples illustrate the present invention.

Example 1
Preparation of bearing laminate

The following four polyurethane foams are used: 1) Secure Edge® OP-5C, 2) NORBOND® OP7, and 3) NORBOND® Z520H, and 4) Normount® V2800. As a result, a bearing laminate was produced. All four foams are products manufactured by Saint-Gobin Performance Plastics. The densities and thicknesses of the four foam materials are listed in Table 1 below. All polyurethane foams contained a modified acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive on both surfaces. A 0.25 mm steel backing (material 1.0338) was adhered to one surface of each polyurethane foam. A PTFE compound tape etched to a thickness of 0.25 mm as a sliding layer (table) containing 20 to 25% EKONOL®, which is an aromatic polyester as a filler, on the other surface of each polyurethane foam. 1 Samples 1 to 3), or b) PTFE tape etched to a thickness of 0.25 mm (see Sample 4), or c) PTFE tape containing 25% graphite and carbon as filler (Samples in Table 1). 5) was adhered. The polyurethane foam, metal backing, and sliding layer of each bearing laminate were joined by a batch press at a pressure of 38 MPa, a temperature of 40 ° C., and 150 seconds.

The obtained bearing laminate is subsequently referred to as 1) Me-FoamOP5C-PTFE / EKO, 2) Me-FoamOP7-PTFE / EKO, 3) Me-FoamZ520H-PTFE / EKO, 4) Me-FoamV2800-PTFE, and 5 ) Me-FoamV2800-PTFE / CG.

Example 2
Dynamic rigidity and damping ratio test

Table 1 below summarizes the measured average dynamic stiffness and average damping ratio of the bearing laminates "Me-Foam V2800-PTFE" and "Me-Foam V2800-PTFE / CG" produced in Example 1. It is a thing.

Table 1 further includes two contrasting bearing laminates without a polymeric foam layer as an intermediate layer and having a Noglide X2 structure, ie, 250 μm PTFE compound, 250 μm metal backing, and 500 μm rubber coating. X2T100CG and X2T100E) include the average dynamic stiffness tested and the average damping ratio.

The results summarized in Table 1 show that it is possible to obtain the highest damping ratio by using a laminate containing a polyurethane foam layer between the metal support and the sliding layer. The corresponding low dynamic stiffness is characteristic, as the dynamic stiffness and damping ratio generally tend to be opposite. Controlling samples 6 and 7, i.e., X2T100CG and X2T100E, which do not contain a foam layer and have a characteristic Norgride X2 structure, showed the lowest motion damping ratio and the highest stiffness value among the samples under test.

Attenuation ratio test

The damping ratio is a measurement of the portion of vibrational energy dissipated as heat for any excitation that causes vibration of the shaft (61) at the center of the bearing (62) under test. (See FIGS. 6A and 6B) To measure the damping ratio, a vibration shaker (67) is used to inject a broadband excitation (0-20 kHz) into the system and force the force input into the housing (63). Measured using a converter (64). Vibration was propagated through the housing (63) into the bearing (62) and through the bearing into the shaft (61). A fishing wire (65) was used as a suspension to isolate external influences. Then, the vibration output from the shaft was measured as an acceleration using an accelerometer (66).

The natural logarithm of the ratio of the output acceleration to the input force was taken to obtain the frequency response function of the system in decibels. A rigid housing and shaft were used to obtain the first resonant peak in the graph at frequency f _n as the primary mode of the bearing. On both sides of the peak, which are 3 dB lower than the peak value, frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ indicating half power values were acquired in the high and low frequencies above the peak, respectively. Next, the attenuation ratio was calculated by taking the ratio of the difference between f ₁ and f ₂ and the resonance frequency f _n by the following equation.
Attenuation ratio = (half power bandwidth / 2 x resonance frequency) x 100%

Brueel and Kjaer equipment were used in the tests, including an 8201 force transducer with a 4675 charge transducer, a 4219-002 accelerometer, a LAN XI data acquisition unit, and Pulse LabShop software. The housing and shaft were made from hardened tool steel and designed to have 2-3% compression of the bearing. The damping ratios shown in Table 1 were obtained under 0% compression. Explanatory diagrams of the test setup are shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. The graph obtained during the test to derive the resonance frequency can be seen in FIG. 6C.

Dynamic rigidity test

For the dynamic rigidity test, the resonance frequency was obtained as the value f _n described in the test method for the attenuation ratio. The effective mass (m _e), was calculated using the following equation and the mass of the housing (m ₁₎ and the shaft of mass (m _2).

Next, the dynamic stiffness k _d was calculated using the following formula.

As an example, the kinematic stiffness value of the Me-Foam V2800PTFE / CG sample with k _d = 6.069 N / μm was obtained using the following formula.
Resonance frequency = f _n = 2.263 kHz
Housing mass = m ₁ = 1.0539 kg
Shaft mass = m ₂ = 0.0309 kg

Example 3
Simulation of headrest performance

To move the shaft of the bearing laminates Me-FoamOP5C-PTFE / EKO, Me-FoamOP7-PTFE / EKO, and Me-FoamZ520H shown in Examples 1 and Table 1 while fixing the housing and the bearing to be tested. The required mobility was tested in a simulated headrest assembly.

For testing, two 50 mm wide stripes of each bearing laminate were formed into two rings and mounted within a guide sleeve. Then, as illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B, a shaft having a 1 mm clamp was assembled at the center of the guide sleeve.

Headrest movement was simulated at room temperature at 90 ° C. and −40 ° C. for a constant amount of movement cycle period (see Table 2). The test setup of the headrest simulation is further illustrated in FIGS. 7C and 7D. The test was conducted under the following conditions: stroke: +/- 50 mm, speed 3 mm / s, and press fit: 0.5-1 mm.

Table 2 illustrates the outline of the test results. The results show that all laminates under test require a low average mobility of less than 10N. In all laminates under test, the mobility increased by a small amount when the temperature rose to 90 ° C or dropped to -40 ° C. The lowest transfer force was measured for the laminate containing foam Z520. The reason may be that the foam layer is less thick (0.5 mm instead of 0.8 mm) or the density of the foam is lower. The foam OP5C and the foam OP7 had different densities, but this did not show a difference in the measured mobility.

In the above specification, the concept is described with reference to a specific embodiment. However, it can be seen by those skilled in the art that various modifications and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention described in the claims below. Accordingly, the specification and drawings should be considered as exemplary rather than limiting, and all such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (15)

It is a bearing laminate
With a metal support layer
A foam layer on the metal support layer and containing a polymer foam,
A bearing laminate that is on the polymer foam layer and includes a sliding layer containing a polymer matrix. A bearing product formed from a bearing laminate, wherein the bearing laminate is
With a metal support layer
A foam layer on the metal support layer and containing a polymer foam,
A bearing product that is on the polymer foam layer and includes a sliding layer containing a polymer matrix. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laminate has a dynamic rigidity of 1 N / μm or more and 20 N / μ m or less. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the laminate has a damping ratio of 17% or more and 50% or less. Any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a first adhesive layer between the metal support and the foam layer, and a second adhesive layer between the foam layer and the sliding layer. Bearing laminates or bearing products according to the item. The polymer foams include polyureta foams, polyethylene foams, polyester foams, acrylate foams, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foams, silicon foams, fluoropolymer foams, and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) foams. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) foam, a polypropylene foam, or any combination thereof. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to claim 6, wherein the polymer foam contains a polyurethane foam. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the foam layer includes at least two sub-foam layers. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to claim 8, wherein the at least two subfoam layers are joined by an adhesive. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the foam layer further includes a reinforcing layer. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the laminate has a thickness of 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. The bearing laminate or bearing product according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the polymer foam has a density of 0.2 g / cm ³ or more and 0.9 g / cm ³ or less. The bearing product according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein the bearing product is adapted for use in a headrest, a ball joint, a hinge, or a seat structure as a friction plate, a stabilizer bearing, or an absorbent material. A method of forming a bearing laminate,
At the stage of providing a metal support layer, a foam layer containing a polymer foam, and a sliding layer,
A method comprising joining the metal support layer, the foam layer, and the sliding layer by applying pressure and / or heat treatment using at least one adhesive. 14. The method of claim 14, wherein the foam layer comprises a polyurethane foam.