JP2021173106A - Building ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

To perform ventilation of a space inside a building using a ventilation portion while improving heat insulation properties.SOLUTION: An outer shell portion 21 of a building 2 is provided with a ventilation portion 4 which extends in a surface direction of the outer shell portion 21 and in which air can freely circulate. An outdoor unit 9 is also provided for supplying conditioning air from the outside of the building into a space 3 inside the building. The ventilation portion 4 communicates with the space 3 inside the building through a communication portion 5, and can be freely opened toward the outside of the building through an open portion 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a building ventilation system that ventilates the space inside a building.

In the ventilation system as described above, the outer skin of the building is provided with a ventilation portion that allows air to flow freely and extends in the vertical direction, and the lower end portion of the ventilation portion is communicated with the space inside the building through the communication portion. The upper end is freely open to the outside of the building. Then, in order to take in the outside air outside the building into the space inside the building, an outside air intake port is provided on the outer wall of the building or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In the ventilation system described in Patent Document 1, the outside air outside the building is taken into the space inside the building through the outside air intake port, and the taken outside air is supplied from the space inside the building to the ventilation part through the communication part. The outside air (air) of the ventilation part passes through the ventilation part and is discharged to the outside of the building from the upper end of the ventilation part. In this way, the ventilation section is used to circulate the outside air taken in from the outside air intake port through the ventilation section to ventilate the space inside the building.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-190026

In the ventilation system described in Patent Document 1, since the ventilation portion is used to ventilate the space inside the building, for example, a discharge device such as a fan that forcibly discharges the air in the space inside the building to the outside of the building is operated. It is not necessary to do so, and it is possible to ventilate the space inside the building while saving energy.

However, in such a ventilation system, for example, in summer or winter, the temperature difference between the air in the building space and the outside air outside the building becomes large, so that the space inside the building is insulated in order to reduce the air conditioning load. It is desired to improve the performance. In the ventilation system described in Patent Document 1, since the outside air taken in from the outside air intake port is circulated to the ventilation part, the air flowing through the ventilation part has almost no temperature difference from the outside air outside the building, and the space inside the building. The temperature difference with the air is large. Therefore, even if the outside air taken in from the outside air intake is circulated to the ventilation part, the hot and cold heat of the air in the building space is radiated to the air in the ventilation part, and it is difficult to improve the heat insulation performance. It has become.

In view of this situation, a main object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system for a building capable of improving the heat insulating performance.

The first characteristic configuration of the present invention is that the outer skin portion of the building is provided with a ventilation portion extending in the surface direction of the outer skin portion and allowing air to flow freely.
Equipped with an external air conditioner that supplies conditioned air from outside the building to the space inside the building
The ventilation portion is communicated with the space inside the building through the communication portion, and is configured to be freely open to the outside of the building through the opening portion.

According to this configuration, since the external air conditioner supplies the conditioned air to the space inside the building, the conditioned air is supplied to the ventilation part through the communication part. Air-conditioned air is circulated in the ventilation section, and the conditioned air is discharged to the outside of the building from the open portion of the ventilation section. In this way, the air-conditioned air is circulated in the ventilation portion by using the ventilation portion to ventilate the space inside the building.

For example, in summer, winter, etc., by circulating conditioned air through the ventilation part, not only can an air layer be formed between the space inside the building and the outside of the building, but the air layer can be formed with conditioned air. .. As a result, the temperature difference between the air flowing through the ventilation part and the air in the building space can be reduced, and the hot and cold heat of the air in the building space can be suppressed from being dissipated to the air in the ventilation part. It is possible to improve the heat insulation performance.

The second characteristic configuration of the present invention is a discharge device for forcibly discharging the air in the space inside the building to the outside of the building.
The external air conditioner and the control unit for controlling the operating state of the discharge device are provided.
The control unit
A first operation mode in which the external air conditioner is operated and the discharge device is stopped, and the air in the space inside the building is forcibly discharged to the outside of the building by the ventilation portion.
A second operation mode in which the external air conditioner and the discharge device are stopped and the air in the space inside the building is naturally discharged to the outside of the building by the ventilation portion.
A third operation mode is selected in which the external air conditioner and the exhaust device are operated to forcibly exhaust the air in the space inside the building to the outside of the building while suppressing the flow of air in the ventilation portion. The point is that it is configured so that it can be executed uniformly.

According to this configuration, in the first operation mode, the external air conditioner is operated and the air in the building space is forcibly discharged to the outside of the building by the ventilation part, so that the ventilation part is used to ventilate the space inside the building. be able to. In the second operation mode, since the external air conditioner and the discharge device are stopped, not only the space inside the building can be ventilated by using the ventilation part, but also the ventilation can be performed by natural ventilation. Energy saving can be achieved. In the third operation mode, the air in the space inside the building is forcibly discharged to the outside of the building by the exhaust device while suppressing the flow of air in the ventilation part, so that the space inside the building and the building are ventilated while ventilating the space inside the building. A heat insulating layer can be formed between the outside and the air in the ventilation portion.

Since the control unit can selectively execute the first to third operation modes, it is possible to switch the operation mode to be executed according to various conditions such as the ventilation environment, and it is possible to flexibly respond to the ventilation environment and the like. It will be an easy-to-use ventilation system.

The third characteristic configuration of the present invention includes an external air conditioner for specific ventilation that supplies conditioned air to the specific ventilation target space in the building.
It is equipped with a specific ventilation discharge device that forcibly discharges the air in the specific ventilation target space to the outside of the building.
The control unit is configured to be freely selectable from the first operation mode, the second operation mode, and the third operation mode based on the operation mode switching condition.
The operation mode switching condition is that certain conditions are set regardless of the operating state of the external air conditioner for specific ventilation and the discharge device for specific ventilation.

According to this configuration, for example, the space inside the building may be equipped with equipment that requires ventilation, such as production equipment, but even in such a case, it is simply an external air conditioner for specific ventilation and a specific ventilation system. Just by providing a discharge device, it is possible to appropriately ventilate a specific ventilation target space equipped with equipment that requires ventilation.

Moreover, even when the external air conditioner for specific ventilation and the discharge device for specific ventilation are provided, the operation mode switching condition is set to a certain condition, so that not only the operation mode switching condition can be easily set, but also the operation mode switching condition can be set easily. While using the ventilation system as it is, it is possible to properly ventilate the space inside the building, including the space subject to specific ventilation.

The fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention is that the ventilation portion is provided between the upper and lower double folded plates.

According to this configuration, the outer skin structure of the building such as a roof can be constructed by providing the upper and lower double folded plates on the outer skin portion of the building. By providing the ventilation portion between the upper and lower double folded plates, the ventilation portion can be configured while using the outside air structure of the building as it is, and the cost can be reduced and the configuration can be simplified.

Diagram showing the overall outline of the ventilation system of the building Enlarged view showing the vent A table showing the relationship between the operation mode switching conditions and the operation mode to be executed. A table showing the relationship between the operation mode switching conditions and the operation mode to be executed.

An embodiment of a building ventilation system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation system 1 of this building ventilates the space 3 inside the building 2 and is configured to ventilate the space 3 inside the building by using the ventilation unit 4. ing.

The ventilation portion 4 is provided in the outer skin portion 21 such as the roof of the building 2 or the internal space of the roof, and extends in the lateral width direction of the outer skin portion 21 in the direction of the surface of the outer skin portion 21 so that ventilation can freely flow. It is configured in. The outer skin portion 21 (roof or the internal space of the roof) of the building 2 is formed in an inclined shape located on the upper side from one end side toward the other end side, one end portion 21a becomes the lower end portion, and the other end portion 21b becomes the upper end portion. It is a department. The ventilation portion 4 is also formed in an inclined shape so as to be located on the upper side from one end side toward the other end side, the one end portion 4a is the lower end portion, and the other end portion 4b is the upper end portion.

In the ventilation portion 4, one end portion 4a, which is the lower end portion thereof, communicates with the space 3 in the building through the communication portion 5, and the other end portion 4b, which is the upper end portion thereof, can be freely opened to the outside of the building 2 through the opening portion 6. It is configured in. The communication portion 5 is composed of an opening that communicates one end portion 4a of the ventilation portion 4 and the space 3 inside the building, and the opening portion 6 communicates the other end portion 4b of the ventilation portion 4 with the outside of the building 2. It consists of an opening. As a result, in the ventilation portion 4, when the air in the building space 3 is supplied to the one end portion 4a through the communication portion 5, the air circulates in the length direction of the ventilation portion 4 and reaches the other end portion 4b. It is discharged to the outside of the building through the opening 6.

As shown in FIG. 2, the outer skin portion 21 which is the roof of the building 2 and the inner space of the roof is a double-folded plate roof in which the outer folded plate 7 and the inner folded plate 8 are arranged at a predetermined distance. It has a structure. Therefore, the ventilation portion 4 is provided between the outer folded plate 7 and the inner folded plate 8 by utilizing the outer folded plate 7 and the inner folded plate 8. Since the outer folded plate 7 is exposed to the outside of the building, it is made of, for example, a weathering steel plate or the like. The inner folded plate 8 is made of, for example, a galvalume steel plate (registered trademark) or the like, and guides the dew condensation water of the air flowing through the ventilation portion 4 to the drain receiving portion 17.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation system 1 is provided with an external air conditioner 9 that supplies conditioned air from the outside of the building 2 to the space 3 inside the building in addition to the ventilation unit 4. The external air conditioner 9 generates air-conditioned air in a desired air-conditioned state from the outside air outside the building by an air-conditioning processing unit (for example, a coil), and supplies the air-conditioned air to the space 3 inside the building through an air supply duct 10. There is.

Since the external controller 9 supplies conditioned air to the space 3 in the building, the conditioned air is supplied to the ventilation section 4 through the communication section 5. The conditioned air is circulated in the ventilation portion 4, and the conditioned air is discharged to the outside of the building from the opening portion 6 of the ventilation portion 4. In this way, the ventilation system 1 ventilates the space 3 in the building while using the ventilation unit 4, and the conditioned air flowing through the ventilation unit 4 can improve the heat insulating performance. Therefore, FIG. As shown in the above, the heat insulating material between the outer folded plate 7 and the inner folded plate 8 is omitted.

The ventilation system 1 is provided with not only a ventilation unit 4 but also a discharge device 11 for forcibly discharging the air in the building space 3 to the outside of the building in order to discharge the air in the building space 3 to the outside of the building. ing. The discharge device 11 is composed of, for example, a roof fan or the like. The discharge device 11 is arranged separately from the ventilation portion 4 in, for example, the central portion or the outer peripheral portion of the building 2, and is configured to be able to forcibly discharge the air in the space 3 inside the building to the outside of the building.

The space 3 in the building may be provided with equipment that requires ventilation, such as production equipment, and the location where the equipment that requires ventilation is arranged is designated as the specific ventilation target space 31. Therefore, the ventilation system 1 forcibly discharges the air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation that supplies conditioned air to the specific ventilation target space 31 in the building 2 and the air in the specific ventilation target space 31 to the outside of the building 2. A discharge device 13 for specific ventilation is provided. Similar to the external air conditioner 9, the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation generates air-conditioned air in a desired air-conditioned state from the outside air outside the building by an air-conditioning processing unit (for example, a coil), and supplies the air-conditioned air. It is supplied to the specific ventilation target space 31 through the air duct 14. The discharge device 13 for specific ventilation discharges the air in the specific ventilation target space 31 to the outside of the building through the discharge duct 15.

The ventilation system 1 is provided with a control unit 16 that controls the operating state of various devices such as the external air conditioner 9, the exhaust device 11, the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation, and the exhaust device 13 for specific ventilation. There is. The control unit 16 is configured to be freely selectable from the first operation mode, the second operation mode, and the third operation mode based on the operation mode switching condition.

In the first operation mode, the control unit 16 operates the external air conditioner 9 and deactivates the discharge device 11, and as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. 1, the ventilation unit 4 of the building space 3 Air is forcibly discharged to the outside of the building. Since the external controller 9 supplies conditioned air to the space 3 in the building, the conditioned air is supplied to the ventilation section 4 through the communication section 5. The conditioned air is circulated in the ventilation portion 4, and the conditioned air is discharged to the outside of the building from the opening portion 6 of the ventilation portion 4. In the first operation mode, the conditioned air is pushed and supplied to the space 3 inside the building by the external air conditioner 9, so that the air in the space 3 inside the building is forcibly discharged to the outside of the building through the ventilation unit 4 to be discharged to the outside of the building. Ventilation of the inner space 3 is forcibly performed.

In the second operation mode, the control unit 16 shuts down the external air conditioner 9 and the discharge device 11, and as shown by the dotted arrow in FIG. 1, the ventilation unit 4 blows the air in the building space 3 into the building. It is naturally discharged to the outside. By using the buoyancy due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building and naturally discharging the air in the space 3 inside the building to the outside of the building by the ventilation part 4, the outside air communication part between the space 3 inside the building and the outside of the building ( Through (not shown), gravity ventilation is performed to take in the outside air outside the building into the space 3 inside the building. In the second operation mode, the space inside the building 3 is naturally ventilated by using gravity ventilation by discharging the air to the outside of the building through the ventilation unit 4 by using a temperature difference or the like.

In the third operation mode, the control unit 16 operates the external air conditioner 9 and the discharge device 11 to discharge the air while suppressing the air flow in the ventilation unit 4 as shown by the black arrows in FIG. The device 11 forcibly discharges the air in the space 3 inside the building to the outside of the building. By operating the external air conditioner 9, air-conditioned air is supplied to the space 3 inside the building, but since the discharge device 11 is operated, the air in the space 3 inside the building is forcibly discharged to the outside of the building. There is. In the third operation mode, the air in the building space 3 is forcibly discharged to the outside of the building by the discharge device 11 while suppressing the air flow in the ventilation unit 4, and the air in the building space 3 and the outside of the building 2 are connected to each other. In between, a heat insulating layer is formed by the air of the ventilation portion 4.

In addition to the operating states of the external air conditioner 9 and the discharge device 11, the control unit 16 also controls the operating states of the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation and the discharge device 13 for specific ventilation. For example, when the equipment installed in the specific ventilation target space 31 is in an operating state, or when ventilation of the specific ventilation target space 31 is required, the control unit 16 operates the external air conditioner 12 for the specific ventilation. Moreover, the discharge device 13 for specific ventilation is operated. On the contrary, when the ventilation of the specific ventilation target space 31 is unnecessary, such as when the equipment installed in the specific ventilation target space 31 is in the stopped operation state, the control unit 16 uses the external air conditioner 12 for the specific ventilation. And the discharge device 13 for specific ventilation is stopped.

Hereinafter, based on FIGS. 3 and 4, the control unit 16 selects and executes which of the first operation mode, the second operation mode, and the third operation mode based on the operation mode switching condition. Explain what to do. FIG. 3 shows a case where the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation and the discharge device 13 for specific ventilation are stopped, and FIG. 4 shows the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation and the discharge device for specific ventilation. The case where the device 13 is in the operating state is shown. Incidentally, the ventilation frequency is set to 0.3 times / h, for example, when the ventilation capacity is 4200 CMH.

The operation mode switching condition is a condition including an outside air temperature condition and a solar radiation condition. The control unit 16 determines the outside air temperature condition and the solar radiation condition based on the detection information of the outside air temperature sensor and the solar radiation sensor.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, if the outside air temperature condition is in the first set range (for example, in the range of 30 ° C. or higher), the control unit 16 selects the first operation mode, assuming that the season is summer. Is running. In the first operation mode, the control unit 16 operates the external air conditioner 9 and stops the discharge device 11 to circulate the conditioned air in the ventilation unit 4 to forcibly ventilate the space 3 in the building. Is going.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, if the outside air temperature condition is in the second set range (for example, in the range of 26 ° C. or higher and lower than 30 ° C.), it is assumed that the season is the intermediate period, and the same as in the first set range. , The control unit 16 selects and executes the first operation mode. In the first operation mode, the control unit 16 operates the external air conditioner 9 and stops the discharge device 11 to circulate the conditioned air in the ventilation unit 4 to forcibly ventilate the space 3 in the building. Is going.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, if the outside air temperature condition is in the third set range (for example, in the range of 22 ° C. or higher and lower than 26 ° C.), the control unit 16 determines that the season is the intermediate period. The second operation mode is selected and executed. In the second operation mode, the control unit 16 deactivates the external air conditioner 9 and deactivates the discharge device 11, and uses gravity ventilation to circulate air in the ventilation unit 4 to create a space inside the building. 3 natural ventilation is performed.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, if the outside air temperature condition is in the fourth set range (for example, in the range of 12 ° C. or higher and lower than 22 ° C.), the control unit 16 determines that the season is the intermediate period. The first operation mode is selected and executed. In the first operation mode, the control unit 16 operates the external air conditioner 9 and stops the discharge device 11 to circulate the conditioned air in the ventilation unit 4 to forcibly ventilate the space 3 in the building. Is going.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, if the outside air temperature condition is in the fifth set range (for example, in the range of less than 12 ° C.), it is assumed that the season is winter, and the solar radiation condition is direct solar radiation (for example, solar radiation). If the solar radiation intensity detected by the sensor is 300 W / m ² or more), the control unit 16 selects and executes the third operation mode. In the third operation mode, the control unit 16 operates the external air conditioner 9 and the discharge device 11, and forcibly discharges the air in the space 3 inside the building while forming a heat insulating layer in the ventilation unit 4. ing.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, if the outside air temperature condition is in the fifth set range (for example, a range of less than 12 ° C.), it is assumed that the season is winter, and the solar radiation condition is no direct solar radiation (for example, solar radiation). If the solar radiation intensity detected by the sensor is ^{less than 300 W / m 2} ), the control unit 16 selects and executes the first operation mode. In the first operation mode, the control unit 16 operates the external air conditioner 9 and stops the discharge device 11 to circulate the conditioned air in the ventilation unit 4, forcing the ventilation of the space 3 in the building. Is going.

As described above, the control unit 16 selectively selects and executes the first operation mode, the second operation mode, and the third operation mode based on the operation mode switching condition, but the operation mode switching condition is , Certain conditions are set regardless of the operating state of the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation and the discharge device 13 for specific ventilation.

Incidentally, in the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, when the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation and the discharge device 13 for specific ventilation are in the operating state, the external air conditioner 9 is transferred to the space 3 in the building. The operating state of the external air conditioner 9 is controlled so that the supply amount of conditioned air becomes a predetermined amount. When the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation and the discharge device 13 for specific ventilation are in the operating state, conditioned air is supplied from the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation to the space 3 in the building. Therefore, by considering that amount in the ventilation of the building space 3, for example, the control unit 16 supplies the conditioned air from the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation to the building space 3 instead of the above configuration. It is also possible to control the operating state of the external air conditioner 9 so as to reduce the amount of air-conditioned air supplied from the external air conditioner 9 to the space 3 in the building below a predetermined amount according to the amount.

[Another Embodiment]
Other embodiments of the present invention will be described. It should be noted that the configurations of the respective embodiments described below are not limited to being applied independently, but can also be applied in combination with the configurations of other embodiments.

(1) In the above embodiment, the ventilation portion 4 is formed in an inclined shape located on the upper side toward the other end portion 4b from the one end portion 4a, but the ventilation portion 4 needs to be formed in an inclined shape. For example, it may have a shape extending in the horizontal direction. Further, even when the ventilation portion 4 is formed in an inclined shape, it can be formed in a staircase shape from one end portion 4a toward the other end portion 4b so as to be located on the upper side, and the shape may be any shape. Can be changed as appropriate.

(2) In the above embodiment, when the outer skin portion 21 (roof or the internal space of the roof) of the building 2 is formed in an inclined shape located on the upper side from one end side toward the other end side. However, for example, it is formed in a chevron shape that is located on the upper side from one end toward the center and on the upper side from the other end toward the center, and the central part of the building 2 is the uppermost. It can also be applied to the outer skin part (roof, internal space of roof and internal space of wall) located on the side. In this case, two ventilation portions are provided: an inclined ventilation portion located on the upper side toward the center from one end and an inclined ventilation portion located on the upper side toward the center from the other end. It can be prepared for the outer skin part (roof, internal space of roof and internal space of wall).

(3) In the above embodiment, the external air conditioner 9 and the external air conditioner 12 for specific ventilation are separately provided. For example, an external air conditioner that also serves as an external air conditioner and an external air conditioner for specific ventilation. Can also be provided. In this case, it can be dealt with by changing the ventilation capacity and the air conditioning capacity of the external air conditioner depending on whether or not the air-conditioned air is supplied to the specific ventilation target space 31.

1 Building ventilation system 2 Building 3 Building space 4 Ventilation part 5 Communication part 6 Open part 7 Outer folding plate 8 Inner folding plate 9 External air conditioner 11 Discharge device 12 External air conditioner for specific ventilation 13 Discharge device for specific ventilation 16 Control unit 21 Outer skin part 31 Space subject to specific ventilation

Claims (4)

The outer skin of the building is provided with a ventilation part that extends in the direction of the surface of the outer skin and allows air to flow freely.
Equipped with an external air conditioner that supplies conditioned air from outside the building to the space inside the building
The ventilation part is a ventilation system of a building that is communicated with the space inside the building through a communication part and is configured to be freely open to the outside of the building through an opening part. A discharge device that forcibly discharges the air in the space inside the building to the outside of the building,
The external air conditioner and the control unit for controlling the operating state of the discharge device are provided.
The control unit
A first operation mode in which the external air conditioner is operated and the discharge device is stopped, and the air in the space inside the building is forcibly discharged to the outside of the building by the ventilation portion.
A second operation mode in which the external air conditioner and the discharge device are stopped and the air in the space inside the building is naturally discharged to the outside of the building by the ventilation portion.
A third operation mode is selected in which the external air conditioner and the exhaust device are operated to forcibly exhaust the air in the space inside the building to the outside of the building while suppressing the flow of air in the ventilation portion. The building ventilation system according to claim 1, which is configured to be unilaterally feasible. An external air conditioner for specific ventilation that supplies conditioned air to the specific ventilation target space in the building,
It is equipped with a specific ventilation discharge device that forcibly discharges the air in the specific ventilation target space to the outside of the building.
The control unit is configured to be freely selectable from the first operation mode, the second operation mode, and the third operation mode based on the operation mode switching condition.
The ventilation system of a building according to claim 2, wherein the operation mode switching condition is set to a certain condition regardless of the operating state of the external air conditioner for specific ventilation and the discharge device for specific ventilation. The ventilation system for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ventilation portion is provided between upper and lower double folded plates.

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