JP3208689U - Ventilation and air conditioning structure for highly insulated and airtight houses - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a ventilation and air conditioning structure for a highly insulated and airtight house capable of improving the uniformity of the temperature in each room. An outer wall structure 5 has a multilayer structure having a ventilation layer 11 between layers, and the ventilation layer 11 communicates from a floor 50 to a hut 53. Air conditioners 29 and 23 are installed under the floor and in the cabin, respectively. A duct 25 leading from the back of the hut to the floor is provided, and a blower 27 for sending air from the back of the shed to the floor is provided in the duct. On the floor surface of the first-floor room 51, an air passage 31 that opens from under the floor to the first-floor room opens. A ventilator 41 is provided under the floor, and a duct 43 that opens to the floor surfaces 33 and 37 of the first and second floor rooms 51 and 52 is connected to the ventilator. The ventilator 41 sucks the air in each room through the duct 43 and discharges it to the outside, sucks the outside air, blows it out under the floor, and exchanges heat between the two airs. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation and air conditioning structure of a highly insulated and airtight house, and more particularly to a technique for increasing the uniformity of the temperature in each room.

  Conventionally, what was described in patent document 1 as this kind of technique is known. The technology described in Patent Document 1 is that the main heating of the stove is local and causes a temperature difference in each room, while the conventional central heating system can keep all the rooms at a constant temperature, As a solution to problems such as high construction costs, fresh air is forcibly taken under the floor, and the fresh air is warmed by the warm concrete installed under the floor. It is configured such that it is sent to a warm air grill (outlet) provided on the floor of the living room and an outlet provided in the upper part of the second-floor room. In addition, vertical air formed in the partition walls on the first and second floors as a ventilation path from the floor to the first floor ceiling space and a ventilation path from the first floor ceiling space to the upper outlet of the second floor room. A passage is adopted. The prior art described in Patent Document 1 realizes ventilation that sends fresh air to each room in a highly insulated and airtight house, and realizes heating with reduced temperature difference in each room at a low construction cost. Trying to.

  However, in this prior art, the outer wall structure that forms the wall between the room and the outside is made into a two-layer structure (double structure), and a ventilation layer is formed between the layers. Is open air, not warm air. Therefore, in the cold season requiring heating, the heated indoor air is cooled by the wall, and there is a problem in that it is difficult to maintain the room temperature uniformity.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-6629

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a ventilation and air conditioning structure for a highly insulated and airtight house that improves the uniformity of the temperature of each room.

  In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the outer wall structure has a multilayer structure having a ventilation layer between layers, the under floor has a basic heat insulation structure, Is a ventilation and air-conditioning structure of a highly heat-insulated and airtight house having a roof heat insulating structure, and the ventilation layer of the outer wall structure communicates with the back of the shed from the floor. And the ventilation and air-conditioning structure of the highly heat-insulated and air-tight house is provided in the back of the hut, has at least a cooling function among heating and cooling, and a hut back air-conditioning apparatus that blows air to the back of the shed, and the back of the hut And a blower that is connected to the first duct and sends air from the back of the hut to the underfloor through the first duct. The ventilation and air-conditioning structure of the high-insulation and air-tight house is further provided in the floor of the first-floor room, an air passage from the bottom to the first-floor room, and the floor, and has a heat exchange function. And a second duct that opens to the floors of the first and second floor rooms and communicates with the ventilator from the first and second floor rooms. The ventilator sucks the air in each room through the second duct and discharges it outside, sucks the outside air, blows it out under the floor, and exchanges heat between the two airs. It is.

  According to this configuration, the air in the attic is cooled by the attic air conditioner and kept at a cool temperature even in hot weather. The air behind the cabin is sent to the floor through the first duct by a blower. A part of the air under the floor returns to the back of the hut through the ventilation layer of the outer wall structure, and the other part flows into the first-floor room through a vent passage leading to the first-floor room. In this way, the first floor room is surrounded not only by the air under the floor but also by the air flowing through the ventilation layer of the outer wall structure and the air under the floor. The second floor room is surrounded by the air flowing through the ventilation layer of the outer wall structure and the air behind the cabin. Since the air under the floor and the air flowing through the ventilation layer also circulate so as to pass through the back of the cabin, the rooms on the first floor and the second floor are surrounded by cool air even in hot weather. For this reason, the whole indoor is kept cool and the uniformity of the temperature is improved. Moreover, it is not necessary to provide an air conditioner in each room. The air in the rooms on the first floor and the second floor is sucked by the ventilator through the second duct and discharged to the outside, and the outside air sucked by the ventilator flows under the floor. For this reason, indoor ventilation is performed even though the house is highly airtight. Since the outside air flowing under the floor through the ventilator is heat-exchanged with the air in the first floor and second floor rooms that are discharged to the outside, the load on the cabin air conditioner is reduced. Note that the “multi-layer structure” of the outer wall structure means that the structure has two or more layers.

  Of the present invention, the second aspect is a ventilation and air conditioning structure of a highly insulated and airtight house according to the first aspect, provided under the floor, and having at least a heating function of heating and cooling, An underfloor air conditioner that blows air under the floor is further provided.

  According to this configuration, the air under the floor is heated by the under-floor air conditioner and kept at a warm temperature even in a cold time. The air under the floor circulates through the ventilation layer of the outer wall structure, the back of the cabin, and the first duct. For this reason, even in the cold season, the rooms on the first floor and the second floor are surrounded by warm air. This keeps the whole indoor warm and improves the uniformity of the temperature. Since the ventilator has a heat exchange function, the load on the underfloor air conditioner is reduced as in the attic air conditioner.

The third aspect of the present invention is a ventilation and air conditioning structure for a highly insulated and airtight house according to the second aspect, wherein the indoor and outdoor heat flow value (U value) is 0.7 W / m ² or less. Yes, the indoor air density (C value) is 0.5 cm ² / m ² or less, and each of the back of the hut and the underfloor air conditioner has both heating and cooling functions, and It has a heating and cooling capacity of 0.2 to 1 KW per 1 m ^{2 of} floor area.

According to this configuration, since the heat insulation and airtightness of the house are sufficiently high, by setting the heat exchange capability of the ventilator to a high value of about 90% within the range of the conventional technology, It is possible to suppress the capacity of the air conditioner to 0.2 to 1 KW / m ² .

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ventilation and air conditioning structure for a highly insulated and highly airtight house according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the air is sent from the back of the hut to the floor under the first duct. The amount of air blown is 1-3 times that of the ventilator.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to maintain good indoor air temperature uniformity without wasting power of the blower that sends air from the back of the hut to the floor through the first duct.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the ventilation and air conditioning structure of a highly insulated and airtight house that improves the uniformity of the temperature of each room is realized.

1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a ventilation and air conditioning structure of a highly insulated and highly airtight house according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a ventilation and air conditioning structure of a highly insulated and highly airtight house illustrated in FIG. 1.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view illustrating a ventilation and air conditioning structure of a highly insulated and airtight house according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, arrows indicate the air flow. The ventilation and air-conditioning structure 101 of this highly heat-insulated and airtight house is applied to a two-story house with high heat insulation and airtightness. As a main indoor space, the floor 50, one or more one-floor rooms 51, one or more 2 It has a floor room 52 and a hut back 53. The foundation 1 is formed of concrete in the form of a so-called “solid foundation”, and has a foundation heat insulating structure in which the heat insulating material 3 is disposed on the inner surface. The basic heat insulating structure illustrated in FIG. 1 is a general form in which the heat insulating material 3 is formed in a cross-sectional “L-shape” along the outer periphery. In a cold district or the like, the heat insulating material 3 may be formed so as to cover the entire bottom surface of the foundation 1 in order to enhance the heat insulating effect.

  As illustrated in the schematic horizontal sectional view of FIG. 2, the outer wall structure 5 forming the wall between the outdoor and the indoor has a two-layer structure having double walls 7 and 9 on the outer side and the inner side. A ventilation layer 11 is formed between the outer wall 7 and the inner wall 9. The ventilation layer 11 is divided by a through pillar 13 and a spacer (split pillar) 15. A heat insulating material 17 is disposed inside the outer wall body 7. Returning to FIG. 1, the air-permeable layer 11 is formed so as to communicate from the under floor 50 to the hut 53.

  A heat insulating material 21 is also provided on the inner side of the roof 19, that is, the bottom surface. That is, the roof insulation 53 employs a roof insulation structure. The heat insulating material 21 is arrange | positioned in the form laid down between rafters (sag), for example. The material of the heat insulating materials 3, 17 and 21 is, for example, glass wool or EPS (urethane foam).

  The air conditioner 23 is installed in the cabin back 53. The air conditioner 23 is, for example, a commercially available wall-mounted air conditioner for home use, and has at least a cooling function of cooling and heating. The air conditioner 23 takes in the air in the cabin 53 and cools it with fins (not shown) incorporated therein, and blows out the cooled air to the cabin 53. The fins are cooled by an external device (not shown) installed outdoors. When the air conditioner 23 also has a heating function, it is also possible to heat the air behind the hut 53 with the fins and blow out the air.

  The air in the attic 53 adjusted to an appropriate temperature is sent to the underfloor 50 through the duct 25 that leads from the attic 53 to the underfloor 50. An air blower 27 is connected to the duct 25, and air is sent from the cabin back 53 to the floor 50 by the air blower 27. The duct 25 is, for example, a pipe as illustrated in FIG. 2. For example, the duct 25 is a flexible aluminum pipe that can be appropriately bent so as to be disposed along a wall, a ceiling, or the like. The duct 25 is disposed in a place where it is difficult to touch the occupant's eyes, such as in a closet, and is further covered with a wall body 28. The blower 27 is an electric sirocco fan, for example. In the example of FIG. 1, the blower 27 is provided at an opening on the intake side of the duct 25, that is, on the hut back 53 side. The number of ducts 25 and blowers 27 is desirably adjusted according to the number of rooms.

  Another air conditioner 29 is installed under the floor 50. The air conditioner 29 is, for example, a commercially available wall-mounted air conditioner for home use similar to the air conditioner 23, and has at least a heating function of cooling and heating. The air conditioner 29 sucks and heats the air under the floor 50 and blows it out under the floor 50. When the air conditioner 23 also has a cooling function, the air under the floor 50 can be cooled and blown out.

  An air passage 31 is formed between the under floor 50 and the first-floor room 51. The upper end of the ventilation path 31 opens to the floor surface 33 of the first-floor room 51, and a gallery 35 is provided at the opening.

  A ventilation device 41 is further installed under the floor 50. The ventilation device 41 is a device that ventilates indoors and outdoors. A duct 43 is connected to the ventilation device 41. The duct 43 opens to the floor surface 33 of the first-floor room 51 and the floor surface 37 of the second-floor room 52. The openings 39 of the duct 43 are provided with louvers 39 and 40. The duct 43 is a pipe similar to the duct 25, for example, and is disposed in the same manner as the duct 25 as illustrated in FIG. The ventilation device 41 is further connected to an intake pipe 45 for taking in outdoor air and an exhaust pipe 47 for discharging air to the outside. The intake pipe 45 and the exhaust pipe 47 are open to the outdoor surface of the foundation 1. A louver (not shown) is provided in the outdoor openings of the intake pipe 45 and the exhaust pipe 47. The ventilation device 41 sucks the air in the living rooms 51 and 53 through the duct 43, discharges the air through the exhaust pipe 47 to the outside, and blows the outdoor air sucked through the intake pipe 45 to the floor 50. The ventilator 41 has a heat exchange function, and performs heat exchange between indoor air exhausted to the outdoors and outdoor air blown out under the floor 50. The heat exchange capacity can be set to 90% within the prior art.

  Since the ventilation and air conditioning structure 101 of the highly insulated and airtight house is configured as described above, it operates as follows. In the hot season, the air in the cabin 53 is cooled by the air conditioner 23. The cooled air in the cabin 53 is sent to the floor through the duct 25 by the blower 27. A part of the air under the floor 50 passes through the ventilation layer 11 of the outer wall structure 5 and returns to the back of the hut 53, and the other part flows into the first-floor room 51 through the ventilation path 31 that leads to the first-floor room 51. . Thus, the first floor room 51 is surrounded not only directly by the air under the floor 50 but also by the air flowing through the ventilation layer 11 of the outer wall structure 5 and the air under the floor 50. The second-floor room 52 is surrounded by the air flowing through the ventilation layer 11 of the outer wall structure 5 and the air behind the hut 53. Since the air under the floor 50 and the air flowing through the ventilation layer 11 are also circulated through the back of the hut 53, both the first-floor room 51 and the second-floor room 52 are cooled air even in a hot season. It will be surrounded by. For this reason, the whole indoor is kept cool and the uniformity of the temperature is improved. Further, it is not necessary to provide an air conditioner individually in each room. When the air conditioner 29 installed under the floor 50 has a cooling function, indoor air is cooled in both the hut 53 and the underfloor 50, so that each cooling capacity can be reduced.

  The air in the first-floor room 51 and the second-floor room 52 is sucked by the ventilator 41 through the duct 43 and discharged to the outside, and outside air flows into the underfloor 50 through the ventilator 41. For this reason, indoor ventilation is performed even though the house is highly airtight. Since the outside air flowing into the underfloor 50 through the ventilation device 41 is heat-exchanged with the air in the first-floor room 51 and the second-floor room 52 discharged to the outside, the load on the air conditioner 23 is reduced, and the air conditioner 29 is also cooled. When it has a function, the load of the air conditioner 29 is also reduced.

  In the cold time, the air under the floor 50 is heated by the air conditioner 29. Further, when the air conditioner 23 also has a heating function, the air in the cabin 53 is also heated by the air conditioner 23. Therefore, for the same reason as described above, both the first-floor room 51 and the second-floor room 52 are surrounded by heated air even in a cold time. For this reason, while keeping the whole indoor warm, the uniformity of the temperature improves. Since the ventilation device 41 has a heat exchange function, the load on the air conditioner 29 is reduced. When the air conditioner 23 also has a heating function, the load on the air conditioner 23 is also reduced.

As a more desirable mode of the present invention, the following modes can be adopted.
(1) It is possible to reduce the capacity of the air conditioners 23 and 29 by increasing the heat insulation and airtightness indoors and outdoors. For example, when each of the air conditioners 23 and 29 has both a cooling function and a heating function, the indoor and outdoor heat flow value (U value) is 0.7 W / The heat insulation structure is set so as to be m ² or less, and the air tight structure (C value) is 0.5 cm ² / m ² or less, which is a considerably excellent level in a highly airtight house. And the heat exchange capacity of the ventilator 41 is set to a high value of about 90% within the range of the prior art, whereby the heating and cooling capacity of each of the air conditioners 23 and 29 is set to a floor area of 1 m ^2. It can be set to 0.2 to 1 KW per hit.

(2) It is particularly desirable to set the amount of air sent from the cabin 53 to the floor 50 through the duct 25 to be 1 to 3 times the amount of ventilation of the ventilator 41. If the amount of air sent through the duct 25 is less than 1 times the amount of air sent from the ventilator 41, the indoor air temperature uniformity is poor, and if it exceeds 3 times, the power of the blower 27 is wasted. By setting the blast volume of air sent through the duct 25 in a range of 1 to 3 times the blast volume of the ventilation device 41, the indoor air temperature uniformity is improved without wasting the power of the blower 27. Can keep.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Foundation, 3 Thermal insulation material, 5 Outer wall structure, 7, 9 Wall body, 11 Ventilation layer, 13 Through pillar, 15 Interstitial pillar (Dazzle), 17 Thermal insulation material, 19 Roof, 21 Thermal insulation material, 23 Air-conditioner, 25 Duct 27 Air blower, 28 Wall body, 29 Air conditioner, 31 Ventilation path, 33 Floor surface, 35 gallery, 37 Floor surface, 39 gallery, 40 gallery, 41 Ventilator, 43 Duct, 45 Intake pipe, 47 Exhaust pipe, 50 Under floor , 51 1st floor living room, 52 2nd floor living room, 53 hut back, 101 Ventilation and air-conditioning structure of high heat insulation high airtight house

Claims (4)

The outer wall structure is a multi-layered structure having a ventilation layer between layers, the underfloor is a basic heat insulating structure, and the back of the hut is a roof heat insulating structure.
The ventilation layer of the outer wall structure communicates with the back of the hut from under the floor,
The ventilation and air conditioning structure of the highly insulated and airtight house is as follows:
The attic air conditioner that is provided in the attic, has at least a cooling function among heating and cooling, and blows air to the attic.
A first duct leading from the back of the shed to the floor below;
A blower connected to the first duct and sending air from the back of the hut to the floor under the first duct;
An air passage that opens into the floor of the first floor room and leads from the lower floor to the first floor room;
A ventilator provided under the floor and having a heat exchange function;
A second duct that opens to the floors of the first and second floor rooms and communicates with the ventilator from the first and second floor rooms,
The ventilation device sucks air from each room through the second duct and discharges the air outside, sucks the outside air, blows it out under the floor, and performs heat exchange between the two airs. Ventilation and air-conditioning structure for highly airtight houses.   The ventilation and air conditioning structure of a highly insulated and highly airtight house according to claim 1, further comprising: an underfloor air conditioner that is provided under the floor, has at least a heating function of heating and cooling, and blows air out of the floor. The indoor and outdoor heat flow value (U value) is 0.7 W / m ² or less, and the indoor air density (C value) is 0.5 cm ² / m ² or less. Has both functions of heating and cooling, and each has a heating and cooling capacity of 0.2 to 1 KW per 1 m ^{2 of} floor area. And air conditioning structure.   The highly insulated high airtight house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an air volume of air sent from the back of the hut through the first duct to the floor is 1 to 3 times an air volume of the ventilation device. Ventilation and air conditioning structure.