JP2021161826A - Pile installation device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pile installation device which is widely applicable without being affected by a ground condition and peripheral environment.SOLUTION: A pile driver 1 has a striking unit 10, a shaft body unit 20, a rotation unit 30, a connection unit 60, and the like. A vibromotive force generated by the striking unit 10 is imparted to a pile 300 through the shaft body unit 20 and the connection unit 60. A motor 100 is fixed to the striking unit 10. A gear 101 provided on the motor 100 is connected to a gear 31 provided on the rotation unit 30 through a chain (not illustrated). Thereby, the rotation unit 30 accompanied by operation of the motor 100 is rotated. Compressed air 260 taken in from an inlet 42 is jetted downward from a lower end of the connection unit 60 through an inflow part, a discharge part and a slit as annular sheet-like discharged air 270 surrounding the pile 300.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a pile installation device capable of striking, rotating, and injecting compressed air in the form of an annular film.

Regarding the installation of guard fences and foundation piles for solar panels, the method of applying a striking force to the piles and driving them into the ground (hereinafter referred to as the direct driving method) is common, but depending on the situation at the construction site. Various construction methods have been adopted accordingly. For example, when installing on hard rock, it is common to use the down-the-hole hammer method to dig the ground, then backfill the digged holes with earth and sand, and then drive piles. In addition, when noise becomes a problem in construction in urban areas, a construction method is adopted in which piles are press-fitted or cast after pre-excavation with an earth auger.

The construction machines used for each construction method are equipped with dedicated equipment for each construction method. For example, the apparatus used in the down-the-hole hammer method includes an air swivel for supplying compressed air to the down-the-hole hammer and a motor for rotating the down-the-hole hammer. The device used for the direct casting method is equipped with a striking machine that operates hydraulically or pneumatically. Construction machines that use wood augers are equipped with a motor to rotate them. Further, a press-fitting device for press-fitting the earth auger may be provided.

As described above, the construction machine used in the down-the-hole hammer method is not equipped with a striking machine, and therefore cannot be used in the direct casting method. In addition, the construction machine used in the direct casting method cannot be used in the down-the-hole hammer method because it does not have an air swivel and a motor. If a press-fitting device is required, it is necessary to use a different construction machine. That is, different types of construction machines are required for each construction method. For example, when a pile is installed on hard ground, at least two types of construction machines, a construction machine used for the down-the-hole hammer method and a construction machine used for the direct driving method, are required. As a result, the work efficiency and the operating rate of each construction machine are reduced.

In urban areas, noise-friendly construction is required. Even at work sites where the direct driving method is possible, in order to prevent noise, a method of driving or press-fitting piles after pre-excavation with an earth auger is adopted. In this case, the work efficiency is inferior to that of the direct casting method.

The ground condition at the construction site cannot be completely grasped by a preliminary survey, and even in places where it is judged that the direct casting method can be applied, partially hard rock appears or large boulders appear. It is expected that the appearance will make construction difficult. In such a case, the work is interrupted, a construction machine used for the down-the-hole hammer method is separately introduced at the construction site, the ground is dug in the middle, the earth and sand are once backfilled, and then piles are driven by the direct driving method. Need to be done. As a result, the work may be interrupted, which may lead to a longer construction period. Further, the same situation occurs in the construction in which the screw pile is press-fitted while rotating.

In particular, in the construction of guard rail foundations on highways with heavy traffic, if the construction period is extended due to unexpected changes in ground conditions, the period of road lane regulation will be extended. As a result, the number of lane restrictions increases, the period of traffic congestion becomes longer, and the economic loss caused by many vehicles getting caught in traffic congestion increases.

In other words, in pile installation work, it is required to select a construction method that can be constructed according to the ground conditions at the construction site, and to carry out the construction in consideration of noise problems, etc. from among the construction methods. The operating rate of construction machines will be low. Further, when a hard rock or a large boulder suddenly appears, it is necessary to separately introduce a suitable construction machine, which may cause a large economic loss.

In view of this situation, there is a demand for a pile installation device that can be applied to various construction methods and can be used regardless of the construction environment.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-3667 JP-A-2002-38861 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-325547 Utility Model Registration No. 3154759

An object of the present invention is to provide a pile installation device that can be widely applied without being affected by the ground condition and the surrounding environment.

The invention for solving the above problems is a pile installation device used for installing piles, which includes a striking unit that generates a vibrating force, a shaft body unit that is fixed to the lower end of the striking unit, and a shaft body. A rotating unit that rotates around the central axis of the shaft body unit in the inserted state, and an inflow part that is provided in the outer peripheral region of the upper end of the rotating unit and takes in compressed air, and a rotating unit that is connected to the inflow part. It is characterized by including a discharge portion for injecting compressed air downward in a ring shape from the lower end portion of the above.

According to this configuration, the pile installation device includes a striking unit that generates a vibrating force, a shaft body unit that is fixed to the lower end of the striking unit, and a central shaft of the shaft body unit with the shaft body inserted. A rotating unit that rotates around, an inflow portion that is provided in the outer peripheral region of the upper end of the rotating unit and takes in compressed air, and an inflow portion that connects to the inflow portion to allow compressed air to flow downward from the lower end of the rotating unit. This device can be used to perform a variety of stakeout operations, as it includes a discharge section that ejects in an annular direction. For example, pile driving work to drive a pile into the ground by vibrating, work to drive a screw pile into the ground by rotary press fitting, a down-the-hole hammer is attached to rotate the down-the-hole hammer and inject compressed air. This is the work of digging hard rock by giving a striking force, the work of attaching an earth auger, and the work of digging into the ground by rotating the earth auger. Since a plurality of operations can be performed by the same pile installation device, the efficiency of construction can be improved and the operating rate of the pile installation device can be improved.

Preferably, the inflow portion has an inflow recess that is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating unit, and the discharge portion penetrates from the inflow recess to the lower end of the rotating unit and is evenly spaced along the circumferential direction. It is characterized by having an insertion hole arranged in.

According to this configuration, the compressed air is filled in the inflow recesses arranged in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the rotating unit. The filled compressed air is injected from the lower end of the rotating unit at equal intervals along the circumferential direction through insertion holes arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the connecting unit is provided with a connecting unit that rotates around the central axis while being fixed to the lower end portion of the rotating unit, and the connecting unit has an annular slit that injects compressed air injected from the discharging portion into an annular film shape. It is characterized in that it is provided.

According to this configuration, a connecting unit that rotates around the central axis while being fixed to the lower end of the rotating unit is provided, and the connecting unit is an annular that injects compressed air injected from the discharging portion into an annular film shape. Since the slit is provided, the compressed air is ejected downward from the annular slit in the form of an annular film. The compressed air injected in the form of an annular film forms an air curtain in the outer peripheral region of the pile. This is expected to have a noise reduction effect when driving piles.

Preferably, the connecting unit is characterized in that it rotates around a central axis with the lower end portion of the shaft body inserted.

According to this configuration, since the connecting unit rotates around the central axis with the lower end portion of the shaft body inserted, it is possible to suppress the runout when the connecting unit rotates.

Preferably, the connecting unit has an outer shell fixed to the rotating unit and an interpolated portion provided with a recess corresponding to the shape of the head of the pile, and the outer shell and the interpolated portion cooperate with each other to slit. Is characterized by defining.

According to this configuration, the connecting unit has an outer shell fixed to the rotating unit and an interpolation portion provided with a recess corresponding to the shape of the head of the pile, so that various types of pile driving work can be performed. Can be done.

Preferably, the interpolation portion is detachably inserted into the outer shell.

According to this configuration, the interpolation portion is detachably inserted into the outer shell, so that the types of piles that can be driven can be increased by replacing the interpolation portion. In addition, the worn or damaged interpolation part can be easily replaced with a new one.

Preferably, the striking unit is slidably fitted to the leader.

According to this configuration, the striking unit is slidably fitted to the leader, so that the pile can be easily and accurately driven into a predetermined position.

It is a side view of a pile driver attached to a leader. It is a front view of a pile driver. It is a front sectional view of a pile driver. However, the chain is omitted. It is a partial front sectional view explaining the state which attached the down-the-hole hammer.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The pile installation device 1 (hereinafter referred to as a pile driver 1) is a device for installing a pile in a predetermined place. At least, it refers to a device capable of applying a striking force and / or a rotational force to a pile and burying it in the ground, or drilling a hole for building a pile.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pile installation device 1 includes a striking unit 10, a shaft body unit 20, a rotating unit 30, a connecting unit 60, and the like, and the striking unit 10 is slidably fitted to the leader 210. .. The leader 210 is provided with an elevating facility (not shown) for elevating and elevating the pile driver 1, whereby the leader 210 can be elevated and lowered in the vertical direction along the extending direction of the leader 210. The reader 210 is connected to the positioning device 200. The positioning device 200 is a device that advances the leader 210 in the horizontal direction by a so-called "Scott Russell mechanism" including a main link 201 and a sub link 202. Specifically, the structure is such that the leader 210 can be linearly moved in the horizontal direction by operating the cylinder 203 to raise and lower the main link 201 along the support column 204. Further, by operating the adjusting cylinders 230 and 240 and rotating the connecting portions 231 and 232 around the orthogonal rotation axes, the angle of the leader 210 can be freely adjusted, and the adjusting cylinder 250 is operated to operate the leader. The structure is such that the 210 can be moved in the vertical direction. Further, the position determining device 200 can be connected to a vehicle or the like via the connecting unit 220.

The outline of the pile driver 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

The striking unit 10 is a device that generates a vibrating force for striking the pile 300. The pile 300 is a cylinder with both ends open. The vibrating force generated by the striking unit 10 applies a striking force to the pile 300 via the shaft body unit 20 and the connecting unit 60.

The motor 100 is fixed to the striking unit 10. The gear 101 provided in the motor 100 is connected to the gear 31 provided in the rotating unit 30 via a chain (not shown). As a result, the rotating unit 30 rotates with the operation of the motor 100.

The compressed air 260 taken in from the intake 42 passes from the lower end of the connection unit 60 via the inflow portion 40, the discharge portion 50, and the slit 43 (see FIG. 3) as the annular film-shaped discharged air 270 surrounding the pile 300. , Is ejected downward.

As described above, the pile driver 1 shown in the present embodiment has a function of imparting a striking force and a rotational force to the pile 300 and capable of discharging the annular film-shaped discharged air 270 to the outer periphery of the pile 300.

Hereinafter, the configuration and the like of the pile driver 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The pile driver 1 has a striking unit 10, a shaft body unit 20, a rotating unit 30, and a connecting unit 60. Further, an inflow section 40 that takes in the compressed air 260 and a discharge section 50 that injects the compressed air 260 taken in from the inflow section 40 into the slit 43 are provided.

The striking unit 10 is a device that vibrates in the vertical direction by flood control or air to generate a vibrating force for striking the pile 300. It has a cylinder and a piston inserted in the cylinder, and the piston repeatedly reciprocates due to the operation of flood control to generate a vibrating force. As described above, since it is supported in a state where it is slidably fitted to the leader 210, it has a structure capable of suppressing irregular vibration such as lateral vibration even when a vibrating force is generated. In the present embodiment, the pile driver 1 is in a state of being supported by the leader 210, but may be oscillated in a suspended state.

The shaft body unit 20 has a shaft core body 21, an inner cover 22, and an outer cover 23. The outer cover 23 is a donut-shaped member provided with a cylindrical hole 23a concentric with the central axis CL, and is fixed to the lower end of the striking unit 10. The hole 23a is for inserting the inner cover 22.

A ring-shaped collar member 25 concentric with the central axis CL is provided so as to extend vertically downward from the outer peripheral portion of the outer cover 23. The collar member 25 is provided with an intake 42 for taking in compressed air 260.

The inner cover 22 is a cylindrical member fixed to the outer cover 23 and having a cylindrical hole 22a concentric with the central shaft CL defined for inserting the axial core body 21. A collar portion 26 is provided at the lower end portion so as to project in the horizontal direction.

The axial body 21 is a cylindrical member, and one end thereof is fixed to the striking unit 10 in a state of being inserted into an insertion recess 10a provided at the lower end of the striking unit 10. The insertion recess 10a is defined with a hole having substantially the same diameter as the shaft core body 21, and the upper end portion of the shaft core body 21 is inserted into this hole. Further, the lower end portion of the axial core body 21 is inserted into the penetration recess 80a provided in the insertion portion 80. The penetration recess 80a is defined with a hole having substantially the same diameter as the axial core body 21. The striking force generated by operating the striking unit 10 is transmitted to the insertion portion 80 via the axial core body 21.

The rotating unit 30 is sandwiched between the outer cover 23 and the flange portion 26, and is rotatably fixed around the central axis CL while surrounding the side surface 22b of the inner cover 22. By being sandwiched from the vertical direction, the movement of the rotating unit 30 in the vertical direction is restricted. As a result, the rotating unit 30 can rotate along the side surface 22b without causing vertical blurring.

Bearings (not shown) are provided at a portion where the rotating unit 30, the side surface 22b, the outer cover 23, and the flange portion 26 come into contact with each other. The bearing is for smoothing the rotation of the rotating unit 30 by reducing the frictional force.

An annular gear 31 is provided at the lower end of the rotating unit 30. The gear 31 is connected to the gear 101 via a chain. By operating the motor 100, the rotational force is transmitted to the gear 31 via the gear 101 and the chain. As a result, the rotation unit 30 rotates around the central axis CL by the operation of the motor 100.

The connection unit 60 has an outer shell 70 fixed to the rotating unit 30 and an interpolation portion 80 rotatably fixed to the outer shell 70. The outer shell 70 is a cylindrical member, and is provided with an annular flange portion 70a projecting horizontally from the upper end portion. The outer shell 70 is fixed to the rotating unit 30 by connecting bolts 72 which are arranged in an annular shape at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the collar portion 70a.

The interpolation portion 80 is inserted inside the outer shell 70. The gap provided between the outer shell 70 and the interpolation portion 80 is for defining the slit 43. An annular stopper 81 is provided in the middle portion of the insertion portion 80 along the circumferential direction. The stopper 81 is supported by support bolts 71 arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The lower end portion of the axial core body 21 is rotatably inserted into the penetration recess 80a provided in the insertion portion 80 in a state of being in contact with the bottom surface of the penetration recess 80a. As a result, the interpolation portion 80 can rotate around the central axis CL independently of the rotation of the outer shell 70 without being rotated by the operation of the motor 100. Further, in the present embodiment, the interpolation portion 80 is rotatably fixed to the outer shell 70, but may be fixed to the outer shell 70. The recess 82 is provided with a spherical surface that follows the shape of a spherical cap attached to the head of a foundation pile such as a guard fence. This makes it possible to avoid damage to the cap when driving a foundation pile with a cap.

The insertion portion 80 is provided with a recess 82 having a shape corresponding to a pile head having a different standard. Further, since the interpolation portion 80 can be removed by loosening the support bolt 71, a wide variety of piles having different standards can be driven by appropriately selecting the shape of the recess 82.

Since the interpolation portion 80 is a member that directly receives the impact force due to casting, the probability of damage is high, but even in such a case, replacement is easy.

The compressed air 260 is injected into the inflow space 41a of the inflow portion 40 via the intake 42. The inflow space 41a is a space defined by an inflow recess 41 provided in an annular shape at the upper end of the rotating unit 30 and a flange member 25.

The compressed air 260 filled in the inflow space 41a is injected downward from the lower end of the connection unit 60 as an annular film-shaped discharge air 270 that encloses the pile 300 via the discharge portion 50 and the slit 43. ..

The injection path of the compressed air 260 will be described.

The compressed air 260 filled in the inflow space 41a flows into the insertion hole 45. The insertion hole 45 is composed of a plurality of pipes arranged in an annular shape at equal intervals, the upper end of which is connected to the inflow space 41a, and the lower end of which is a gap 46 provided between the rotating unit 30 and the connecting unit 60. Connect to. As a result, even under the condition that the rotating unit 30 is rotating, the compressed air 260 is injected at equal pressures at equal intervals through the insertion holes 45 to fill the gap 46.

The compressed air 260 filled in the gap 46 is injected downward from the lower end of the connection unit 60 as an annular film-shaped discharged air 270 that encloses the pile 300 via the slit 43.

The pile driver 1 shown in this embodiment has a function of imparting a striking force and a rotational force to the pile 300 and capable of discharging the annular film-shaped discharged air 270 to the outer periphery of the pile 300. By appropriately combining these functions, various constructions such as Nakabori and pile driving can be carried out.

For example, when the pile 300 is driven, by fixing the pile 300 to the outer shell 70 in a state of being in contact with the recess 82, the pile can be efficiently driven while rotating with a striking force. At the same time, an air curtain is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the pile 300 by discharging the discharged air 270 from the slit 43. By covering the outer region of the pile 300 with the air curtain, the noise level of the noise due to the impact can be reduced. It is also effective as a construction method in densely populated areas such as urban areas because it is possible to shorten the construction time and reduce the noise level at the same time by increasing the casting efficiency.

A usage mode in which the down-the-hole hammer 310 is attached to the pile installation device 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

The down-the-hole hammer 310 has a striking drive unit (not shown) provided at the tip of the main body 311 and an excavation bit (not shown) connected to the striking drive unit while protruding from the tip of the main body 311. , It is fixed to the outer shell 70 via a connecting metal fitting 320 fixed to the down-the-hole hammer 310. Specifically, the down-the-hole hammer 310 has a structure in which the connecting metal fitting 320 and the bolt 330 are fixed, and the connecting metal fitting 320 is fixed by the outer shell 70 and the bolt 340. The excavation bit is set larger than the outer diameter of the main body. A gap 320a communicating with the internal space 310a of the down-the-hole hammer 310 is defined in the central portion of the connection fitting 320.

The motor 100 is operated to rotate the rotating unit 30 around the central axis CL, and the compressed air 260 is injected from the intake 42 toward the inflow space 41a.

Along with the rotation of the rotating unit 30, the down-the-hole hammer 310 fixed to the rotating unit via the outer shell 70 rotates around the central axis CL. As a result, the excavation bit rotates around the central axis CL. At the same time, the compressed air 260 is injected into the slit 43 as the discharged air 270 via the discharge unit 50. The discharged air 270 is injected into the internal space 310a via the gap 320a, and the impact driving unit operates when the injected discharged air 270 passes through the impact driving unit. As a result, the excavation bit is provided with a rotational force and a striking force for excavating the ground.

The excavation bit to which the rotational force and the striking force are applied excavates the ground while providing a predetermined gap between the ground and the main body 311.

The discharged air 270 passes through the excavation bit and is injected into the outer region of the down-the-hole hammer 310. The injected air is discharged to the ground surface together with the soil excavated by the excavation bit through the gap formed between the main body 311 and the ground.

This embodiment is an example, and it goes without saying that the present embodiment can be modified without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the pile is a cylinder with both ends open, but the shape of the pile does not matter as long as it is a rod-shaped pile to be driven into the ground to support the structure. Specifically, it may have a hollow cross section or a solid cross section, and the cross section may be circular, rectangular, or L-shaped. Further, the tip may be tapered or screw-shaped.

Further, although the application of a Nakabori machine and a pile driver has been exemplified as a pile driver, it may be used for construction in which a screw pile is rotated and press-fitted. Further, the guard fence and the foundation pile for photovoltaic power generation may be used for construction in which the guard fence and the like can be rotated in a direction in which the guard fence and the like can be attached after the placement is completed.

The pile installation device according to the present invention can be applied to various construction methods and can be constructed at any place. In particular, it is possible to shorten the construction period, reduce costs, and suppress economic loss due to traffic congestion in the construction of piles of guard fences on roads where traffic regulation is unavoidable, so industrial applicability is great. be.

1: Pile driver 10: Strike unit 20: Shaft unit 30: Rotating unit 40: Inflow part 41: Inflow recess 43: Slit 45: Insertion hole 50: Discharge part 60: Connection unit 70: Outer shell 80: Interpolation part 82: Recess

Claims (7)

It is a pile installation device used for pile installation.
A striking unit that generates a vibrating force and
A shaft body unit fixed to the lower end of the striking unit and
With the shaft body inserted, a rotating unit that rotates around the central axis of the shaft body unit and
An inflow portion provided in the outer peripheral region of the upper end portion of the rotating unit to take in compressed air, and an inflow portion.
A pile installation device including a discharge portion that is connected to the inflow portion and injects the compressed air downward in an annular shape from a lower end portion of the rotating unit. The inflow portion has an inflow recess arranged in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the rotating unit, and the discharge portion penetrates from the inflow recess to the lower end of the rotating unit and runs along the circumferential direction. The pile installation device according to claim 1, further comprising insertion holes arranged at equal intervals. A connection unit that rotates around the central axis while being fixed to the lower end of the rotating unit is provided.
The pile installation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connection unit is provided with an annular slit for injecting the compressed air injected from the discharge portion into an annular film shape. The pile installation device according to claim 3, wherein the connection unit rotates around the central axis with the lower end portion of the shaft body inserted therein. The connecting unit has an outer shell fixed to the rotating unit and an interpolating portion provided with a recess corresponding to the shape of the head of the pile, and the outer shell and the interpolating portion cooperate with each other. The pile installation device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the slit is defined. The pile installation device according to claim 5, wherein the interpolating portion is detachably inserted into the outer shell. The pile installation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the striking unit is slidably fitted to a leader.

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