JP2021156267A - 蒸気タービン部材の製造方法 - Google Patents
蒸気タービン部材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 95
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/073—Shaping the laser spot
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/354—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by melting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/286—Particular treatment of blades, e.g. to increase durability or resistance against corrosion or erosion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
- F05D2230/234—Laser welding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
- F05D2230/31—Layer deposition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05D2240/31—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor with roughened surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/60—Structure; Surface texture
- F05D2250/62—Structure; Surface texture smooth or fine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/60—Structure; Surface texture
- F05D2250/62—Structure; Surface texture smooth or fine
- F05D2250/621—Structure; Surface texture smooth or fine polished
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、第1実施形態によれば、蒸気タービン部材の製造方法であって、母材上の腐食が発生しやすい部位に金属を含む粉末材料を用いてクラッド層を形成するクラッド層形成工程(以下、第1工程ともいう)と、前記クラッド層の表面を加熱溶融する表面加熱工程(以下、第2工程ともいう)とを含む。
本発明は、第2実施形態によれば蒸気タービン部材であって、母材上にクラッド層が形成された耐食性部位を備え、前記クラッド層の表面から100〜200μmまでが溶融されている。本実施形態による蒸気タービン部材は、第1実施形態の製造方法により製造された蒸気タービン部材である。表面から100〜200μmまでが溶融されている状態についての定義は、第1実施形態に記載したとおりである。このような溶融状態は、走査型顕微鏡等により、クラッド層の断面を観察することにより確認することができる。本実施形態においても、蒸気タービン部材としては、第1実施形態において記載した各部材が挙げられるが、これらには限定されない。
本発明の第1実施形態による第1工程及び第2工程を含む方法により、蒸気タービン部材の一例である蒸気タービン翼を製造した。タービン翼の母材として、13クロム合金鋼(マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼)によって構成されており、所定の形状に加工されているものを用いた。13クロム合金鋼は、レーザ吸収率のばらつきを抑制するため、あらかじめ#80の研磨紙で磨いておいた。クラッディング用レーザには波長940、980±10nmを発振する半導体レーザ(laserline社製)を用いた。レーザ焦点位置がタービン翼母材の表面となるようにレーザヘッド高さを調整した。金属材料粉末としては、粒度分布が44〜105μmのハステロイC276を用い、セラミック粉末としては、粒度分布が45〜90μmのWC/Niサーメットを用い、金属材料粉末及びセラミック粉末はレーザヘッドに取り付けられたノズルを通じて、キャリアガス(アルゴンガス)により定量的に供給した。金属材料粉末の粉体供給速度は、10g/min、セラミック材料粉末の粉体供給速度は、10g/minとした。また、クラッディングは、母材を固定し、レーザクラッディング装置を可動として行い、送り速度は、500mm/minとした。この条件で、タービン翼の摩耗が発生する部位(図2のEで示した部位)に沿って、金属材料粉末及びセラミック粉末を供給しながらレーザ光を照射することによってクラッド層22’を形成した。
11 クラッディングレーザ
12 粉体供給ノズル
13 粉体供給ライン
2 蒸気タービン翼
21 母材
22 クラッド層
P 粉末材料粒子
L レーザ
E 腐食が発生しやすい部位
Claims (9)
- 母材上の腐食が発生しやすい部位に金属を含む粉末材料を用いてクラッド層を形成するクラッド層形成工程と、
前記クラッド層の表面を加熱溶融する表面加熱工程と
を含む、蒸気タービン部材の製造方法。 - 前記クラッド層形成工程が、前記母材上に前記粉末材料を噴霧しながらレーザ照射を行うレーザクラッディング工程を含み、
前記表面加熱工程が、レーザ照射により、前記表面から前記粉末材料の粒度分布の最頻値以上の深さまで加熱溶融する工程を含む、請求項1に記載の製造方法。 - 前記加熱溶融の深さが、100〜200μmである、請求項2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記表面加熱工程におけるレーザ照射が、レーザスポット面積200mm2未満で実施される、請求項2または3に記載の製造方法。
- 前記表面加熱工程におけるレーザ照射の走査速度が、400〜600mm/minである、請求項2〜4のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により製造された蒸気タービン部材。
- 母材上にクラッド層が形成された耐食性部位を備える蒸気タービン部材であって、前記クラッド層の表面から100〜200μmまでが溶融されている、蒸気タービン部材。
- 前記クラッド層の最大高さ粗さRzが6.3μm以下である、請求項7に記載の蒸気タービン部材。
- 前記蒸気タービン部材がタービン翼である、請求項7または8に記載の蒸気タービン部材。
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JP2020060302A JP2021156267A (ja) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | 蒸気タービン部材の製造方法 |
PCT/JP2021/010543 WO2021200104A1 (ja) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-16 | 蒸気タービン部材の製造方法 |
US17/683,859 US20220178264A1 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2022-03-01 | Method for producing steam turbine member |
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JP2020060302A JP2021156267A (ja) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | 蒸気タービン部材の製造方法 |
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JP2021156267A5 JP2021156267A5 (ja) | 2023-01-11 |
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JPS62183983A (ja) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | レ−ザ−クラツデイング法 |
US8816240B2 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2014-08-26 | General Electric Company | Cladding system and method for applying a cladding to a power generation system component |
JP6651119B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-15 | 2020-02-19 | 富士電機株式会社 | 蒸気タービン翼の製造方法 |
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- 2020-03-30 JP JP2020060302A patent/JP2021156267A/ja active Pending
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2021
- 2021-03-16 WO PCT/JP2021/010543 patent/WO2021200104A1/ja active Application Filing
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