JP2021147685A - 合金の処理方法 - Google Patents
合金の処理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2021147685A JP2021147685A JP2020051156A JP2020051156A JP2021147685A JP 2021147685 A JP2021147685 A JP 2021147685A JP 2020051156 A JP2020051156 A JP 2020051156A JP 2020051156 A JP2020051156 A JP 2020051156A JP 2021147685 A JP2021147685 A JP 2021147685A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- cobalt
- zinc
- solution
- aminophosphate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 66
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWYFTKPEHRQCCW-HNNXBMFYSA-N 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-{[(1s)-2-hydroxy-1,2-dimethylpropyl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)urea Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N(C=1N=C(N[C@@H](C)C(C)(C)O)N=CC=1)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ZWYFTKPEHRQCCW-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JKPAIQYTAZUMKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N[P] Chemical compound N[P] JKPAIQYTAZUMKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USHGRFXQYJEHII-UHFFFAOYSA-M [O-]P(O)(O)=O.[Li+].F.F.F.F.F.F Chemical compound [O-]P(O)(O)=O.[Li+].F.F.F.F.F.F USHGRFXQYJEHII-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004651 carbonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/42—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
- B22F1/145—Chemical treatment, e.g. passivation or decarburisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B23/0461—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/065—Nitric acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/08—Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/10—Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/15—Electronic waste
- B09B2101/16—Batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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Abstract
Description
浸出工程S1では、合金に対して、硫化剤が共存する条件下で、酸による浸出処理を施して浸出液を得る。リチウムイオン電池の廃電池を熔解して得られる合金は、銅、ニッケルやコバルトの他に様々な回収対象でない不純物を含有する。本実施の形態においては、酸と硫化剤が共存した状態でこのような合金に対して浸出処理を施すことにより、合金から浸出された銅を硫化銅として析出させて、分離させる。一方、合金に対して、酸による浸出処理を施すことで、ニッケル及び/又はコバルトを浸出させて浸出液を得る。なお、この浸出液には、硫化剤と反応しなかった銅や、少なくとも鉄、リン及び/又は亜鉛のような不純物が残存することがある。
還元工程S2では、浸出工程S1で得られた浸出液に対して、還元剤を用いて還元処理を施す。ここで、上述した浸出工程S1における処理では、ニッケル及び/又はコバルトとともに、合金を構成する銅が酸により浸出して溶液中に溶解し、硫化剤と反応せずにその一部が溶液中に残存することがある。そこで、還元工程S2では、浸出液に残存する微量の銅を還元して銅を含む沈殿物を生成させ、生成した沈殿物を固液分離により分離して、ニッケル及び/又はコバルトを含む溶液(還元液)を得る。
酸化中和工程S3では、還元工程S2で得られた溶液(還元液)に酸化剤を添加するとともに中和剤を添加することにより酸化中和処理を施すことで、ニッケル及び/又はコバルトと、亜鉛と、を含む溶液(中和液)を得る。具体的には、酸化中和工程S3では、還元液に酸化剤を添加して酸化反応を生じさせるとともに、中和剤を添加して溶液のpHを所定の範囲に制御することで、還元液に含まれる、少なくとも鉄及び/又はリンの沈殿物を生成する。本発明において酸化中和工程S3を設けることは必須ではないが、酸化中和工程S3を経ることにより、少なくとも鉄及び/又はリンを沈殿物として分離して、精製されたニッケル及び/又はコバルトと、亜鉛と、を含む溶液(中和液)を得ることができる。
イオン交換工程S4では、得られた溶液を、アミノリン酸系キレート樹脂に接触させることでアミノリン酸系キレート樹脂に亜鉛を吸着させて、ニッケル及び/又はコバルトを含む溶液を得る。具体的には、得られた溶液をイオン交換処理の対象溶液として、アミノリン酸系キレート樹脂を使用したイオン交換処理による方法で、溶液に含まれる亜鉛を分離して除去し、ニッケル及び/又はコバルト含有溶液を得る。イオン交換工程S4では、カラムを用いた通液処理を行うものであっても、ビーカー等によるバッチ処理を行うものであってもよい。
[浸出工程]
廃リチウムイオン電池(廃LIB)を加熱熔融して還元する乾式処理に付して、還元熔融して得た合金を底面に穴を開けた小さなルツボに流し込み、穴から流れ出た熔湯に、高圧のガスや水を吹き付けて、溶湯を飛散、凝固させて粒径300μm以下の粉状物(アトマイズ粉)を得て、これを処理対象である合金として用いた。表1に組成を示す。
次に、得られた浸出液に粒径1〜300μmのニッケル粉(還元剤)を添加することで浸出液に対して、還元剤を用いて還元処理を施して、ろ過を行い固液分離し、得られた濾液(還元液)をICP分析装置により分析し、各元素成分の濃度を求めた(表2中、「浸出液」と表記。)。
次に、得られた還元液を60〜70℃の範囲に液温を維持しつつ、濃度30%過酸化水素水(酸化剤)を添加し、過酸化水素水(酸化剤)を添加した後に水酸化ナトリウム溶液(中和剤)を添加することで還元液に対して、酸化中和反応を進行させた。このときの酸化還元電位(ORP)は銀塩化銀電極を参照電極とする値で380mV以上430mV以下の範囲であり、pHは3.8以上4.5以下の範囲であった。反応後、ろ過を行い固液分離し、濾液(中和液)をICP分析装置により分析し、各元素成分の濃度を求めた(表2中、「中和液」と表記。)。
上記の実施例1とは異なる他の廃リチウムイオン電池(廃LIB)を用意して、同様に浸出工程、還元工程、及び酸化中和工程を経ることによって中和液(始液)を得た。この中和液(始液)についてICP分析装置により分析して、濃度(g/L)を求めた。各元素成分の濃度(g/L)を表3、表5に示す(表中、「中和液(始液)」と表記)。
アミノリン酸系キレート樹脂(デュオライト C747):20mlと、酸化中和工程で得られた中和液100mlをガラス製ビーカーに入れ30分間スターラーで攪拌することで中和液をアミノリン酸系キレート樹脂に接触させてイオン交換処理を施した。撹拌後、アミノリン酸系キレート樹脂と溶液(終液)とを分離して、溶液(終液)についてICP分析装置により分析し、各元素成分の濃度(g/L)を求めた。各元素成分の濃度を表3に示す(表中「終液」と表記)。
実施例2において、デュオライト C747とは異なるアミノリン酸系キレート樹脂を用いて同様に酸化中和工程で得られた中和液にイオン交換処理を施して、同様に終液中の各元素成分の濃度(g/L)及びキレート樹脂の吸着率(%)を求めた。各元素成分の濃度(g/L)を表5に、キレート樹脂の吸着率(%)を表6に示す。
実施例2において、アミノリン酸系キレート樹脂とは異なるキレート樹脂(三菱化学社製のイミノジ酢酸系キレート樹脂であるダイヤイオンCR11型)を用いて同様に酸化中和工程で得られた中和液にイオン交換処理を施した(比較例)。しかしながら、イミノジ酢酸系キレート樹脂では亜鉛の吸着は確認できず(吸着率0.0%)、亜鉛を分離してニッケル及び/又はコバルトを得るという本発明の目的を達成できていないものであった。
Claims (5)
- ニッケル及び/又はコバルトと、銅と、亜鉛と、を含む合金からニッケル及び/又はコバルトを含む溶液を得る、合金の処理方法であって、
前記合金に対して、硫化剤が共存する条件下で、酸による浸出処理を施して浸出液を得る浸出工程と、
前記浸出液に対して、還元剤を用いて還元処理を施す還元工程と、
前記還元工程で得られた溶液をアミノリン酸系キレート樹脂に接触させることで該アミノリン酸系キレート樹脂に亜鉛を吸着させて、ニッケル及び/又はコバルトを含む溶液を得るイオン交換工程と、
を含む、合金の処理方法。 - 前記還元工程で得られた溶液に、酸化剤を添加するとともに中和剤を添加することにより、ニッケル及び/又はコバルトと、亜鉛と、を含む溶液を得て前記イオン交換工程に供する酸化中和工程を含む
請求項1に記載の合金の処理方法。 - 前記イオン交換工程での処理後のアミノリン酸系キレート樹脂に酸を接触させることで該アミノリン酸系キレート樹脂に吸着した亜鉛を脱着させる亜鉛脱着工程を含む
請求項1又は2に記載の合金の処理方法。 - 前記亜鉛脱着工程を経て回収したアミノリン酸系キレート樹脂を、再びイオン交換工程での処理に供することにより、該アミノリン酸系キレート樹脂を繰り返し使用する
請求項3に記載の合金の処理方法。 - 前記合金が、リチウムイオン電池の廃電池を熔解して得た合金である
請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の合金の処理方法。
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