JP2021116728A - Liquid separation device and liquid separation method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a separation device capable of preventing deterioration in separation efficiency.SOLUTION: A liquid separation device comprises: an outer cylinder 10; an inner cylinder 20 provided on the inner peripheral side of the outer cylinder; a pressure supply chamber 50 provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; and operation control means that applies a predetermined pressure to the pressure supply chamber to expand the inner cylinder inward in a radial direction. The liquid separation device can transport individual liquid in the inner cylinder in an axial direction and separate liquid from the individual liquid. The operation control means is configured to pulse the inner cylinder in a cycle shorter than a cycle from the start of expansion of the inner cylinder to the return to a natural length at the time of transporting the individual liquid, and then separate the liquid from the individual liquid in the inner cylinder.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a liquid separation device or the like, and particularly to a liquid separation device or the like suitable for separating a liquid contained in soil or the like from soil particles.

Conventionally, as a method of disposing of soil (sludge) that greatly exceeds the liquid limit generated at construction sites, etc., a method of transporting and disposing of sludge as it is, a method of spreading sludge on the ground surface and drying it in the sun, or a predetermined dehydrator A method of separating soil particles and liquid as an individual can be mentioned. However, it is difficult to increase the cost, shorten the construction period, and save the space on the site by either method.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-109107

From the above problems, the inventors have searched for a method for separating soil particles and liquids generated by soil excavation by using the device according to Patent Document 1 which has both a transport function and a separation function. In the case shown in, when the amount of liquid contained in the soil is reduced by pressurization, the remaining soil particles themselves form a poorly permeable soil layer, and the soil particles cause clogging of the filter, resulting in separation. There is a drawback that the efficiency decreases over time.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a separation device or the like that does not cause a decrease in separation efficiency.

As a configuration for solving the above problems, the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder provided on the inner peripheral side of the outer cylinder, the pressure supply chamber provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the pressure supply chamber are predetermined. A liquid separation device that is equipped with an operation control means that expands the inner cylinder inward in the radial direction by applying the pressure of Therefore, the operation control means pulsates the inner cylinder in a cycle shorter than the cycle from the start of expansion of the inner cylinder to the return to the natural length at the time of transporting the individual liquid, and the liquid is discharged from the individual liquid in the inner cylinder. It was configured to be separated.
According to this configuration, clogging of the impervious layer and the filter is eliminated by the pulsating motion of the inner cylinder, so that it is possible to prevent a decrease in separation efficiency over time.
Further, as a liquid separation method premised on a part of the above configuration, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder provided on the inner peripheral side of the outer cylinder, and a pressure supply chamber provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. By applying a predetermined pressure to the pressure supply chamber of the pump unit provided with the above, the inner cylinder is expanded inward in the radial direction, and the individual liquid in the inner cylinder is conveyed in the axial direction. It is a liquid separation method including a step of separating liquids, in which the inner cylinder is pulsated in a cycle shorter than the cycle from the start of expansion of the inner cylinder to the return to the natural length at the time of transporting individual liquids. The mode is such that the liquid is separated from the individual liquid in the inner cylinder.
Also in this embodiment, clogging of the impervious layer and the filter is eliminated by the pulsating operation of the inner cylinder, so that it is possible to prevent a decrease in separation efficiency over time.
The outline of the present invention does not list all the necessary features of the present invention, and a subcombination of these feature groups can also be an invention.

It is a perspective sectional view which shows the outline of the pump unit which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the whole structure of the separation device. It is a schematic diagram which shows the operation of the transport | separation structure. It is the schematic which shows the outline of the pump unit provided with a filter. It is a graph which compared the amount of dehydration in a constant pressure operation and a pulsation operation.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through the embodiments, but the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims, and all the combinations of features described in the embodiments are included. It is not always essential for the means of solving the invention.

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view showing an outline of a pump unit 1 constituting a part of the liquid separation device 100. As shown in the figure, the pump unit 1 includes an outer cylinder 10 formed in a cylindrical shape, a cylindrical inner cylinder 20 provided on the inner peripheral side of the outer cylinder 10, and an outer cylinder 10 and an inner cylinder 20. One end side flange 30 and the other end side flange 32 provided on one end side and the other end side in the axial direction of the above are provided, respectively.

The outer cylinder 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape with openings at both ends, and both ends thereof are closely attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the flange 30 on the one end side and the flange 32 on the other end side. The outer cylinder 10 has, for example, a rubber layer made of natural latex rubber and a fiber layer interposed between the rubber layers. The fiber layer is composed of highly elastic fibers composed of a plurality of carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, etc., which are laminated along the radial direction. The extension direction of the highly elastic fiber coincides with the axial direction of the outer cylinder 10, and when the outer cylinder 10 tries to expand due to the introduction of air into the chamber 50 described later, the extension (expansion) in the axial direction As a result of the regulation, only radial outward expansion is allowed.

The inner cylinder 20 has a cylindrical shape made of a rubber member such as natural latex rubber or silicone rubber, and is arranged coaxially with the axis of the outer cylinder 10. Both ends of the inner cylinder 20 are closely attached to the inner peripheral surfaces of the one end side flange 30 and the other end side flange 32, respectively. The inner cylinder 20 also has a structure in which a fiber layer similar to that of the outer cylinder 10 is inserted, and the inner cylinder 20 expands in the axial direction when the inner cylinder 20 tries to expand due to the introduction of air into the chamber 50 described later. It may be regulated.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the openings at both ends of the outer cylinder 10 and the inner cylinder 20 are firmly fixed by the flange 30 on the one end side and the flange 32 on the other end side, the outer cylinder 10 and the inner cylinder 10 are inside the pump unit 1. A chamber 50 as a pressure supply chamber partitioned by the cylinder 20, the flange 30 on the one end side and the flange 32 on the other end side is formed. The chamber 50 is a space extending along the axial direction around the axis of the inner cylinder 20, and a fluid such as air sent from the pressure supply / discharge means 120 side, which will be described later, is supplied into the chamber 50. .. Further, a plurality of air introduction holes (not shown) are formed around the one end side flange 30 and the other end side flange 32, and an air tube or the like is connected through the air introduction holes to form a pressure supply / discharge means 120. Air is supplied into the chamber 50 from. Further, the air introduction hole can communicate with the air introduction hole formed in another pump unit 1 connected in the axial direction of the pump unit 1, and by selecting an air tube to be supplied with air, the air introduction hole can be communicated with the other pump unit 1. , Each pump unit 1 can be operated independently.

A shaper ring 40 is inserted at a substantially center in the axial direction of the pump unit 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the shaper ring 40 is an annular body provided around the axis of the inner cylinder 20 and having an elliptical inner diameter portion and a circular outer diameter portion. Since the inner cylinder 20 is located within the inner diameter of the shaper ring 40, the inner peripheral surface 22 of the inner cylinder 20 facing the elliptical short axis corresponds to the inner circumference of the inner cylinder 20 facing the elliptical long axis. It is in a state of being closer to the inner side in the radial direction than the surface 22 in advance.

A liquid separation device 100 in which a plurality of pump units 1 having the above configuration are connected will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the liquid separation device 100 operates a transfer / separation structure 110 in which a plurality of pump units 1a to 1f are connected along the axial direction, and a pressure supply / discharger for operating the transfer / separation structure 110. The means 120 and the operation control means 130 for controlling the pressure supply / discharge means 120 are provided. The transport / separation structure 110 is configured such that one end side flange 30 and the other end side flange 32 included in each pump unit 1a to 1f are connected to each other via a fixing means (not shown), and each pump unit 1a By communicating the inner cylinders 20 of ~ 1f in the axial direction, a transport path L having a predetermined length is formed. That is, it is possible to obtain a transport path L having a desired length by increasing the number of connected pump units 1. For example, the excavated soil is transported to a downstream point away from the excavation site of the soil located on the upstream side. It is possible to do. Further, a filter F described later is arranged on the flange 32 on the other end side of the pump unit 1f, which is located at the rearmost end (most downstream) and serves as a discharge port.

The pressure supply / discharge means 120 includes an air compressor C that sends out compressed air, a plurality of proportional solenoid valves V (V1 to V6) connected to the air compressor C via an air tube, and the proportional solenoid valve group V. It includes a plurality of 3-port solenoid valves P (P1 to P6) connected via an air tube. The operation control means 130 is a computer equipped with hardware such as a CPU as a calculation means and ROM, RAM as a storage means, and opens and closes the proportional solenoid valve V and the 3-port solenoid valve P according to a preset operation program. By controlling, each pump unit 1a to 1f is individually expanded and contracted.

As shown in the figure, one port of the three-port solenoid valves P1 to P6 is connected to the chamber 50 of each pump unit 1a to 1f via a plurality of air tubes 40a to 40f, and is connected to each of the chambers 50 from the air compressor C. An air supply system leading to the chambers 50 of the pump units 1a to 1f is established. Further, in the present embodiment, since the transport / separation structure 110 is composed of a total of six pump units 1a to 1f, the configuration has six supply systems, but the number of systems increases according to the number of pump units. It goes without saying that it will change.

For example, in order to operate the pump unit 1a, the proportional solenoid valve V1 may be opened and one port side of the 3-port solenoid valve P1 may be opened, and the air from the air compressor C may be released by the control. It is supplied into the chamber 50 of the pump unit 1a, and only the pump unit 1a expands. The pressure of the air supplied into the chamber 50 can be freely adjusted according to the current value to the proportional solenoid valve V1. The same applies to the pump units 1b to 1f, and the pump units 1b to 1f are individually controlled by individually controlling the proportional solenoid valves V2 to V6 and the 3-port solenoid valves P2 to P6 included in the corresponding supply systems. Can be expanded and contracted.

Next, the exhaust system of the air supplied to each of the pump units 1a to 1f will be described. As shown in the figure, the other port of the 3-port solenoid valves P1 to P6 is connected to the air regulator R via an air tube. The air regulator R is connected to the air pump Q via an air tank T. For example, in order to exhaust the air supplied to the pump unit 1a, one and the other ports of the 3-port solenoid valve P1 may be opened while the air tank T is driven. In such a state, the pump unit 1a may be opened. The air in the chamber 50 is forcibly exhausted by the air pump Q and stored in the air tank T. The pressure in the chamber 50 after exhausting can be adjusted by setting the regulator R. The same applies to the pump units 1b to 1f, and the pump unit after the expansion operation is performed by individually controlling the proportional solenoid valves V2 to V6 and the 3-port solenoid valves P2 to P6 included in the corresponding exhaust systems. 1b to 1f can be individually restored to their natural length (before expansion).
The air supplied to the chamber 50 may be opened to the atmosphere by the restoring force of the outer cylinder 10 and the inner cylinder 20 without providing the exhaust system separately. On the other hand, if an exhaust system is provided to forcibly exhaust air, the return operation of the outer cylinder 10 and the inner cylinder 20 becomes faster, so that the transfer efficiency of the object to be conveyed passing through the transfer path L is improved. It becomes possible.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, a process of transporting and separating earth and sand as an example of individual liquids by the liquid separation device 100 having the above configuration will be described. In the figure, it is assumed that the earth and sand A generated by soil excavation or the like is introduced at a constant pressure into the pump unit 1a located on the most upstream side. Further, the earth and sand A contains earth particles and a liquid such as water or oil, and has a certain fluidity.

When the earth and sand A is introduced into the pump unit 1a from the state shown in FIG. 3A, the operation of the pump unit 1a is started, and the inner cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 10 are radially driven by the supply of air into the chamber 50. The pump unit 1a contracts in the axial direction as it expands inward and outward. The earth and sand A introduced inside is conveyed to the pump unit 1b side located downstream by the operation, that is, the volume reduction due to the expansion of the inner cylinder 20 and the pushing force generated by the axial contraction of the outer cylinder 10 (FIG. 3 (b)).

Next, when the pump unit 1b is operated while maintaining the expansion of the pump unit 1a from the state shown in FIG. 3B, the earth and sand A is further conveyed to the pump unit 1c on the downstream side, and then the pump unit 1a The introduction of new earth and sand A is started by returning the pump to its natural length (Fig. 3 (c)). After that, as shown in FIGS. 3D to 3F, by operating each of the pump units 1a to 1f in a predetermined cycle, the earth and sand A is sequentially conveyed toward the downstream side. Then, when the earth and sand A reaches the pump unit 1f located at the most downstream position, the separation operation is executed for the internal earth and sand A.

FIG. 4A is a diagram schematically showing a pump unit 1f provided with a filter F. As shown in the figure, a liquid-permeable filter F having substantially the same diameter as the inner cylinder 20 is arranged on the flange 32 on the other end side of the pump unit 1f so as not to fall off. The liquid contained in the earth and sand A inside is discharged to the outside through the filter F.

Specifically, the operation control means 130 pulsates the pump unit 1f while maintaining the expansion (blockage) of the pump unit 1e located upstream, and repeats pressurization and depressurization of the internal earth and sand A. Here, the pulsating operation is an operation in which the expansion operation of the pump unit 1f and the return operation to the natural length are executed for 4 seconds and 3 seconds, respectively, as one cycle, and this operation is repeated for a plurality of cycles. By executing the pulsating motion, the soil particles whose density has increased due to pressurization are released from the pressurized state, and the impervious soil layer momentarily formed by pressurization is released, and the filter F is released. It is agitated and mixed again with a part of the earth and sand A located at a position away from the above. As a result, the distribution of the liquid contained in the earth and sand A in the pump unit 1f is made uniform, causing a liquefaction phenomenon, and it is possible to promote the release and stirring of earth particles that may cause clogging in the filter F.

In this way, the operation control means 130 pulsates the pump unit 1f in a cycle earlier than the operation cycle (convey cycle) of the pump units 1a to 1e related to the transportation of the earth and sand A to remove the earth particles and the liquid of the earth and sand A. By separating, it is possible to separate the earth and sand A generated by soil excavation into soil particles and liquid while suppressing the decrease in separation efficiency over time compared to the conventional method due to continuous (constant pressure) pressurization. It becomes. As the transport cycle, for example, one cycle is a cycle in which the expansion operation and the return operation to the natural length are executed for 30 seconds and 30 seconds, respectively.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the amount of dehydration and the dehydration time in the constant pressure operation and the pulsating operation. As the earth and sand to be separated, artificial silica sand No. 6 and frog-eye clay were mixed at a ratio of 9: 1, and water was added to form an artificial sandy soil having a water content ratio of 30% to the total weight. Further, an average pressure of 0.06 MPa was applied to the pump unit in which the filter F was arranged. Moreover, the cycle of the pulsating motion is the same as the above-mentioned condition.

As is clear from the results shown in the graph, when the above-mentioned predetermined pressure is applied and maintained (constant pressure), the amount of dehydration remains at about 26.5 g, whereas the predetermined pressure is repeatedly pulsated. When applied in this way (pulsation), the amount of dehydration is significantly increased to about 47.5 g. It can also be seen that, for example, the time required for dehydration of 25 g can be significantly reduced from 25 minutes to 5 minutes. As described above, it has been demonstrated that in the separation process in which the pump unit is pulsated in a cycle shorter than that in the transfer process, the separation efficiency is significantly improved as compared with the conventional separation method.

Next, another form of the liquid separation device 100 will be described with reference to FIG. 4 (b). In the above example, an example is shown in which the filter F is arranged on the pump unit 1f arranged on the most downstream side to discharge the liquid to the outside, but the liquid separation device 100 in the figure is adjacent to each other in the axial direction. The difference is that the filter F is interposed between the one end side flange 30 and the other end side flange 32 of the pump units 1a to 1b. According to such a liquid separation device 100, the liquid contained in the earth and sand A is pulsated by pulsating the pump unit 1b located between the pump unit 1a and the pump unit 1c while being expanded (closed) to one end side. It is possible to discharge to the outside from both the flange 30 and the flange 32 on the other end side. Further, by arranging a plurality of such pump units on the transport path, it is possible to separate the soil particles and the liquid at an arbitrary position while transporting, for example, while gradually reducing the water content ratio in the transport process. It can be transported to the downstream side. Further, according to the liquid separation device 100 according to each of the above embodiments, since the transportation and the separation can be performed at the same time, it is possible to reduce the cost, shorten the construction period, and save the space on the site.

Although the present invention has been described above using the embodiments, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or improvements can be made to the above embodiments. It is clear from the claims that such modified or modified forms may also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

For example, in this example, the transport / separation structure 110 of the liquid separation device 100 is installed in the horizontal direction, but it is installed in the vertical direction or the inclined direction to separate the liquid while transporting the earth and sand in the extension direction. It may be configured to be used. Further, in this example, the earth and sand generated by excavation of soil or the like is targeted for separation, but it is not limited to this, and it can be widely applied to an individual liquid mixture of a solid and a liquid, and the liquid is not only water but also oil. And other fluids.

1 (1a-1f) Pump unit, 10 outer cylinder, 20 inner cylinder,
30 One end side flange, 32 One end side flange, 40 Shaper ring,
50 chambers, 100 liquid separators, 110 transports, separation structures

Claims (2)

With the outer cylinder
The inner cylinder provided on the inner circumference side of the outer cylinder and
A pressure supply chamber provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder,
An operation control means for applying a predetermined pressure to the pressure supply chamber to expand the inner cylinder in the radial direction is provided.
A liquid separation device capable of transporting individual liquids in the inner cylinder in the axial direction and separating liquids from the individual liquids.
The operation control means pulsates the inner cylinder in a cycle shorter than the cycle from the start of expansion of the inner cylinder to the return to the natural length at the time of transporting the individual liquid, and the liquid from the individual liquid in the inner cylinder. A liquid separator characterized by separating the liquid. With the outer cylinder
The inner cylinder provided on the inner circumference side of the outer cylinder and
A pressure supply chamber provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder,
By applying a predetermined pressure to the pressure supply chamber of the pump unit provided with the above, the inner cylinder is expanded in the radial direction, and the individual liquid in the inner cylinder is conveyed in the axial direction.
The step of separating the liquid from the individual liquid to be transported and
It is a liquid separation method equipped with
It is characterized in that the inner cylinder is pulsated in a cycle shorter than the cycle from the start of expansion of the inner cylinder to the return to the natural length at the time of transporting the individual liquid, and the liquid is separated from the individual liquid in the inner cylinder. Liquid separation method.

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