JP2021116248A - Sustained release pheromone preparation and simultaneous control method of pseudococcus comstocki and crisicocus seruratus - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pheromone preparation provided with a sex pheromone substance of Pseudococcus comstocki and Crisicocus seruratus and a simultaneous control method of Pseudococcus comstocki and Crisicocus seruratus.SOLUTION: A simultaneous control method of Pseudococcus comstocki and Crisicocus seruratus at least comprising a step of by setting a pheromone preparation provided with a mixture containing, at least in the range of a mass ratio of from 80:20 to 20:80, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl= 5-methyl hexanoate as a sex pheromone substance, and a container made of a polymeric material for storing the mixture and having Pseudococcus comstocki and Crisicocus seruratus as targets, and the sustained release pheromone preparation in a field, the mixture in the sustained release pheromone preparation is released in the field.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

The present invention relates to a sustained-release pheromone preparation and a method for simultaneously controlling morus alba scale insects and matsumoto scale insects using the same.

Morus alba scale insect (Scientific name: Pseudococcus comstocki ) damages many fruit trees such as apples, pears, peaches, and grapes, and the excrement of this pest causes soot disease. And the deterioration of quality has become a big problem. Currently, the control of scale insects is carried out using insecticides, but the effects of scale insects are not sufficient because the insect bodies are covered with wax-like substances. In addition, due to the residue on crops and the effects on the environment and health due to the use of pesticides, the development of new control technologies such as mating disturbance and mass trapping using sex pheromone substances is required. There is.

On the other hand, Matsumoto scale insect (scientific name: Crisicoccus matsumotoi) is an important pest of deciduous fruit trees such as pears, oysters, and grapes, and this species is also mainly controlled with insecticides. .. However, it often caused resurgence, and as with the scale insects, it was not sufficiently effective. In addition, Matsumoto scale insects and Morus alba scale insects often occur sympatrically, and sustained-release pheromone preparations for both species are strongly desired.

The sex pheromone substances of the scale insects, Morus alba and Scale insects, have been identified as 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate, respectively. The manufacturing method has already been established (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP-A-2018-16600 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-250962

However, a sustained-release pheromone preparation for two or more kinds of scale insects at the same time, as well as the scale insects and scale insects, has not been developed so far. This is because the scale insects reported so far do not have a common sex pheromone substance among species like moths, which have been the main targets of pheromone research and utilization, and differ from species to species. Because it is. That is, since it is not possible to make a specific compound act on a plurality of species at the same time and it is difficult to control the release behavior of a plurality of components at the same time, a sustained-release pheromone preparation targeting two or more species of pests has been reported. It is presumed that it was not there.
In addition, when the sustained-release pheromone preparation for only the scale insects and the sustained-release pheromone preparation for only the scale insects are used in combination, the number of installations increases, and the time and labor required for installation increases. , Not economical.
Furthermore, as described above, since the sex pheromone substance of the scale insect and the sex pheromone substance of the scale insect have different structures, they are different from the polymer due to chemical structural factors such as the difference in carbon number and functional group. The compatibility is different and the release rate is also different. When an attempt is made to mix and formulate two compounds having different release rates, it is considered that one of the pheromone drug substances is wasted because the duration of the effect of the sustained-release pheromone preparation is deviated.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a pheromone preparation containing a sex pheromone substance of scale insects and scale insects, and a method for simultaneously controlling scale insects and scale insects using the same. With the goal.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors, contrary to expectations, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl. We have found that the difference in release rate can be reduced by mixing 5-methylhexanoate at a predetermined ratio and storing the mixture in the same container, and have made the present invention.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as sex pheromone substances, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate and 3-methyl-in the range of mass ratio of 80:20 to 20:80. A sustained-release pheromone preparation for scale insects and scale insects, which comprises a mixture containing at least 3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate and a container made of a polymer material for storing the mixture. A release pheromone preparation is provided.
In another aspect of the present invention, the scale insect and pine moto include at least a step of installing the sustained-release pheromone preparation in the field and releasing the sex pheromone substance in the sustained-release pheromone preparation into the field. A method for simultaneous control of scale insects is provided.

According to the sustained-release pheromone preparation of the present invention, the scale insect and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methyl having 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate as sex pheromone substances. Since it is possible to simultaneously control scale insects containing hexanoate as a sex pheromone substance for a long period of time, labor can be saved economically and labor-wise, and damage to fruit trees and the like can be suppressed.

Changes in the mass residual rate of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate in Example 1 and the mass residual rate of 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate over time The result is shown. Changes in the mass residual rate of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate in Example 2 and the mass residual rate of 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate over time The result is shown. Changes in the mass residual rate of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate and the mass residual rate of 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate in Example 3 over time The result is shown. Residual rate of mass of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate in Comparative Example 1 and residual rate of mass of 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate in Comparative Example 2 The result of the change with time is shown. Changes in the mass residual rate of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate in Example 4 and the mass residual rate of 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate over time The result is shown. Residual rate of mass of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate in Comparative Example 3 and residual rate of mass of 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate in Comparative Example 4 The result of the change with time is shown. The results of the number of killed morus alba scale insects of Example 5 and Comparative Example 5 are shown. The results of the number of killed Matsumoto scale insects of Example 5 and Comparative Example 5 are shown.

The sustained-release pheromone preparations of the present invention include scale insects having 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate as a sex pheromone substance and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexa. Targeting scale insects having noate as a sex pheromone substance, it contains at least 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate. It includes a mixture and a container made of a polymer material for storing the mixture.

The sex pheromone substance may be a natural product, but is preferably synthesized from the viewpoint of productivity.
2,6-Dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate caused 2-methyl-3-buten-2-yl = 2-methyl-2-propenyl = ether to undergo a Witzich transfer reaction in the presence of a base. Later, it is obtained by acetylating the obtained compound.
3-Methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate alkylates the malonate ester in the presence of 3-methylbutyl halide and base, followed by decarbonation in the presence of metal halide and water. It is obtained by transesterifying the obtained 5-methylhexanoic acid ester with 3-methyl-3-butenol in the presence of Lewis acid.

The mass ratio of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate is 80:20 to 20:80, preferably 75: It is 25 to 25:75, more preferably 75:25 to 50:50. 3-Methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate, which is a sex pheromone substance of the scale insect, is a sex pheromone substance of the scale insect, which has a release rate from a container made of a normal polymer material such as polyethylene. Faster than some 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate. However, by mixing the above two sex pheromone substances at a ratio in a certain range, it is possible to reduce the difference in release rate.
The reason why the release rates are the same by mixing the two components in this way is that the release rate is uniform, due to the plastic effect of 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate, which releases quickly, and 2,6-dimethyl-, which releases slowly. It is considered that 1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate is easily released. In addition, the fast-release 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate was diluted with 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate to suppress the release rate. It is presumed to be.
When the mass ratio of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate is smaller than 25, the above-mentioned dilution effect diminishes, resulting in 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexa. The release period of noate may be extremely short. Further, when the mass ratio of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate exceeds 75, the above-mentioned plastic effect diminishes, resulting in 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-. The amount of 3-yl-acetate released per unit time may be extremely reduced.

The mixture contains synthetic antioxidants such as BHT (butylhydroxytoluene), BHA (butylhydroxyanisole), isoamyl gallate, propyl gallate, and natural antioxidants such as NDGA (nordihydroguayaletinic acid) and guayaku fat. Antioxidants such as agents, paraaminobenzoic acid series such as octyl paradimethylaminobenzoate, benzophenone derivatives such as oxybenzophenone (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) and 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone, and methoxycinnamic acid. Additives such as UV absorbers such as derivatives and salicylic acid derivatives may be contained. The content of each additive is preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, and the total content thereof is preferably 0.02 to 10% by mass.

The material of the polymer material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of releasing the sex pheromone substance of the scale insects of Morus alba and the scale insects of Matsumoto for a long period of time. For example, the release portion of the sex pheromone substance is polyethylene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, poval acetate, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, aliphatic polyester, aromatic-modified aliphatic polyester, Examples include modified polyvinyl alcohol or a combination thereof. Of these materials, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyethylene is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and processability. Further, a pigment such as red iron oxide or an additive such as an ultraviolet absorber may be contained.
The shape of the container made of the polymer material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a thin tube, a bag made of laminate, and an ampoule, but a thin tube is preferable. The thin tube preferably has an inner diameter of 0.50 to 1.50 mm and preferably a thickness of 0.30 to 0.70 mm. The length of the thin tube may be any length, but if it is too short, it may be difficult to install it, so 10 cm or more is desirable.

The sustained-release pheromone preparation is uniformly installed in a field where communication is disturbed, preferably at 50 to 500 sites / 10a, and more preferably at 50 to 100 sites / 10a.
The amount of emission from one emission point cannot be unequivocally determined depending on the field environment, weather conditions, etc., but is not particularly limited as long as it can be uniformly floated in the field, but is preferably 0.5 mg to 4000 mg. / Day / location, more preferably 0.5 mg to 1000 mg / day / location.

The effective period of action of the sustained-release pheromone preparation is such that a mixed solution containing the sex pheromone substance of the scale insect and the sex pheromone substance of the scale insect, which is enclosed in the container of the sustained-release pheromone preparation, acts on the pests. It is a period, and does not simply mean the number of months or days, but changes depending on the usage situation of the sustained-release pheromone preparation.

Control of pests by disrupting communication is carried out, for example, by dissipating the sex pheromone substance of the target pest into the atmosphere, disrupting communication between males and females, lowering the mating rate, and suppressing the birth of the next generation. In this case, the sustained-release pheromone preparation is required to have the ability to stably release the sex pheromone substance during the development period of the adult pest.

Adult morus alba scale insects occur twice a year, and in some areas three times a year, with an outbreak period of June to September. Adult Matsumoto scale insects are known to occur 2-3 times a year between April and November. In addition, in the heating house used for viticulture, the adult emergence period is further extended, and adults may be seen from January. If adult outbreaks are observed almost throughout the year, it is necessary to install a new formulation when the outbreaks of both species end at the same time. It requires less labor and costs. The sustained-release pheromone preparation according to the present invention maintains a stable release for a long period of time in which the mixing ratio of the mixed solution contained in the sustained-release pheromone preparation is kept constant.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the Examples.
Example 1
EVA containing 0.5% by mass of vinyl acetate unit was extruded into a tube shape having an inner diameter of 1.18 mm and a wall thickness of 0.55 mm at a processing temperature of 130 to 250 ° C. to obtain a polymer tube-shaped container. A mixture of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate (A) and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate (B) in a mass ratio of 75:25. In 200 mg, BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) and HBMCBT (2- (2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl) -5- as stabilizers Chlorobenzotriazole) was added so as to contain 2% by mass of each, and a mixture was prepared. After the mixture was injected from one end of the tubular container, both ends were pressurized with high-frequency superheating to seal the liquid, and the welded portion was cut to prepare a sustained-release pheromone preparation having a length of 20 cm. These were placed in a constant temperature bath maintained at a wind speed of 0.3 m / sec and a temperature of 25 ° C. to release the mixture inside the sustained-release pheromone preparation.
After 31 days, 61 days, and 91 days, 3 sustained-release pheromone preparations were collected, and the residual amount of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate and 3-methyl- The residual amount of 3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate was quantified by internal standard method / gas chromatogram analysis. Furthermore, the residual rate of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate (a), 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate residual rate (b), 2,6- For the residual ratio of the total mass of dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate, the average value of the three was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

Example 2
Same as in Example 1 except that 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate were changed to a mass ratio of 50:50. I went to. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

Example 3
Same as in Example 1 except that 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate were changed to a mass ratio of 25:75. I went to. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

Comparative Example 1
200 mg of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate (A), BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) and HBMCBT (2- (2)) as stabilizers. '-Hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole) was added in an amount of 2% by mass to prepare a mixture. After injecting the mixture from one end of the tubular container into the same tubular container as in Example 1, pressurizing both ends while heating at high frequency to seal the liquid, and cutting the welded portion to a length of 20 cm. A sustained-release pheromone preparation A was prepared. These were placed in a constant temperature bath maintained at a wind speed of 0.3 m / sec and a temperature of 25 ° C. to release the mixture inside the sustained-release pheromone preparation.
After 31 days, 61 days, and 91 days, 3 sustained-release pheromone preparations were collected, and the residual amount of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate was determined by the internal standard method / It was quantified by gas chromatogram analysis. Further, for the residual ratio (a) of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate, the average value of the three was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

Comparative Example 2
3-Methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate (B) 200 mg, BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) and HBMCBT (2- (2'-hydroxy) as stabilizers -3'-tert-Butyl-5'-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole) was added in an amount of 2% by mass to prepare a mixture. After injecting the mixture from one end of the tubular container into the same tubular container as in Example 1, pressurizing both ends while heating at high frequency to seal the liquid, and cutting the welded portion to a length of 20 cm. A sustained-release pheromone preparation B was prepared.
After injecting the mixture from one end of the tubular container into the same tubular container as in Example 1, pressurizing both ends while heating at high frequency to seal the liquid, and cutting the welded portion to a length of 20 cm. A sustained-release pheromone preparation A was prepared.
These were placed in a constant temperature bath maintained at a wind speed of 0.3 m / sec and a temperature of 25 ° C. to release the mixture inside the sustained-release pheromone preparation.
After 31 days, 61 days, and 91 days, 3 sustained-release pheromone preparations were collected, and the residual amount of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate was determined by the internal standard method / It was quantified by gas chromatogram analysis. Further, for the residual ratio (a) of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate, the average value of the three was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

Example 4
High-density polyethylene was extruded into a tube shape having an inner diameter of 0.84 mm and a wall thickness of 0.55 mm at a processing temperature of 130 to 250 ° C. to obtain a polymer tube-shaped container. The procedure was the same as in Example 1 except that the polymer tubular container was changed to high-density polyethylene. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

Comparative Example 3
The same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out except that the polymer tubular container was changed to high-density polyethylene. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

Comparative Example 4
The same procedure as in Comparative Example 2 was carried out except that the polymer tubular container was changed to high-density polyethylene. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. In Table 1, A represents 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl = acetate, and B represents 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate.

Example 5 and Comparative Example 5
<Communication disturbance test of scale insects and scale insects>
On April 25, 2019, one sex pheromone trap for the scale insects, Morus alba and scale insects, was installed at two 10-earn apple fields in Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture, at intervals of 4 to 11 days (July 5). The number of adult morus alba scale insects and adult pine scale insects slaughtered in (excluding August 2) was counted. After confirming the attraction of scale insects and scale insects in both fields, on July 1, 100 of the communication disturbing agents were uniformly placed on one of the apple fields to prepare a treatment plot (Example 5). .. The other apple field was used as a control plot not treated with a communication disturbing agent (Comparative Example 5).
The numbers of morus alba and Matsumoto scale insects killed in each apple field during the period from April 25 to September 6, 2019 are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
After July 1, the number of killed morus alba scale insects in the communication disturbing agent-treated plot of Example 5 was 1, whereas the number of killed insects in the control plot of Comparative Example 5 was 280. In addition, the number of matsumoto scale insects killed before July 1 was higher in the communication disturbing agent-treated group of Example 5 than in the control group of Comparative Example 5, but after July 1. The number of killed Matsumoto scale insects in the communication disturbing agent-treated plot of Example 5 was 0. Based on these facts, quacona is a mixture containing at least 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl-acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate as sex pheromone substances. A communication-disturbing effect on scale insects and Matsumoto scale insects was confirmed.

Claims (3)

As sex pheromone substances, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate in the mass ratio range of 80:20 to 20:80. A sustained-release pheromone preparation for scale insects, Morus alba and Pseudococcidae, comprising a mixture containing at least the above mixture and a container made of a polymer material for storing the mixture. The sustained-release pheromone preparation according to claim 1, wherein the polymer material is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyethylene. Morus alba scale insect and pine scale insect, which comprises at least a step of installing the sustained-release pheromone preparation according to claim 1 or 2 in the field and releasing the sex pheromone substance in the sustained-release pheromone preparation into the field. Simultaneous control method.

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