KR20210095808A - Sustained-release pheromone dispenser, and simultaneous control method for comstock mealybug and matsumoto mealybug using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An object is to provide a pheromone preparation provided with a sex pheromone substance of Pseudococcus comstocki and Crisicocus seruratus and a simultaneous control method of Pseudococcus comstocki and Crisicocus seruratus using the same. Provided are a sustained release pheromone preparation, as a sex pheromone substance, provided with a mixture including, at least in the range of a mass ratio of from 80:20 to 20:80, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl= 5-methyl hexanoate and a container including a polymer material for storing the mixture and having Pseudococcus comstocki and Crisicocus seruratus as targets and a simultaneous control method of Pseudococcus comstocki and Crisicocus seruratus at least including a step of installing the sustained release pheromone preparation in a package and releasing the mixture in the sustained release pheromone preparation into the package.

Description

SUSTAINED-RELEASE PHEROMONE DISPENSER, AND SIMULTANEOUS CONTROL METHOD FOR COMSTOCK MEALYBUG AND MATSUMOTO MEALYBUG USING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a sustained-release pheromone formulation and a method for simultaneously controlling mealybug and mealybug using the same.

Meal mealybug (Comstock mealybug, scientific name: Pseudococcus comstocki ) harms many fruit trees such as apples, pears, peaches, and grapes, and the excreta of these pests causes soot disease. decline is a major problem. In the present situation, the control of mealybugs is carried out using insecticides, but the effect is not sufficient for mealybugs because their body is covered with a lead-like substance. In addition, the development of new control techniques such as Mating disruption or mass trapping using a sex pheromone substance is required from the residue on crops by the use of pesticides or the impact on the environment and health.

On the other hand, willow mealybug (Matsumoto mealybug, scientific name: Crisicoccus matsumotoi ) is an important pest of deciduous fruit trees such as pears, persimmons, and grapes, and control using insecticides is mainly performed on this species. However, it often caused resurgence (induced polygenicity), so as with the mealybug, it was not possible to obtain a sufficient effect. In addition, powdery mildew beetle and mealybug often occur orthotopic, and sustained-release pheromone formulations for both species are strongly desired.

The sexual pheromone substances of the mealy beetle and the willow caterpillar were identified as 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate, respectively. and a manufacturing method has already been established (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2018-16600 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-250962

However, a sustained-release pheromone formulation targeting two or more types of mealybugs, as well as mealybugs and mealybugs, has not been developed so far. This is because the caterpillars reported so far do not have a common sexual pheromone substance among species like the moths, which have been the main subjects of pheromone research and use, but differ from species to species. That is, it is presumed that there have been no reports of sustained-release pheromone formulations targeting two or more insect pests because a specific compound cannot act simultaneously on multiple species, and it is difficult to simultaneously control the release behavior of multiple components.

In addition, when a sustained-release pheromone formulation targeting only powdery mildew and a sustained-release pheromone formulation targeting only powdery mildew are used in combination, the number of installations increases and the time or effort required for installation increases, which is not economical.

In addition, as described above, since the sexual pheromone substance of the mealybug and the sexual pheromone substance of the willow mealybug have different structures, compatibility with the polymer is different due to chemical structural factors such as the difference in carbon number or functional group, The release rate is also different. When two compounds having different release rates were mixed and formulated to be formulated, a deviation occurred in the duration of the effect of the sustained-release pheromone formulation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pheromone preparation having a sexual pheromone substance of mealybug and mealybug, and a method for simultaneously controlling mealybug and mealybug using the same. .

MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM As a result of repeating earnest examination in order to solve the said subject, the present inventors, contrary to expectation, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5- By mixing methylhexanoate in a predetermined ratio and accommodating it in the same container, it was discovered that the difference in release rate could be reduced, and the present invention was achieved.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, as a sex pheromone substance, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3- in a mass ratio of 80:20 to 20:80. There is provided a sustained-release pheromone formulation for targeting mealybug and willow mealybug, comprising a mixture comprising at least butenyl=5-methylhexanoate, and a container including a polymer material for accommodating the mixture. do.

In addition, in another aspect of the present invention, installing the sustained-release pheromone preparation in a package, and releasing the sex pheromone substance in the sustained-release pheromone preparation to the package at least including the steps of: A control method is provided.

According to the sustained-release pheromone formulation of the present invention, a mealybug having 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate as a sex pheromone substance and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methyl Since it becomes possible to simultaneously control the mealybug which has hexanoate as a sex pheromone substance over a long period of time, it is possible to bring about economical and labor viability, and it is possible to suppress damage to fruit trees and the like.

1 shows the residual ratio of the mass of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and the mass of 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate in Example 1 The result of the change with time of the residual rate is shown.
2 shows the residual ratio of the mass of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and the mass of 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate in Example 2; The result of the change with time of the residual rate is shown.
3 shows the residual ratio of the mass of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and the mass of 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate in Example 3; The result of the change with time of the residual rate is shown.
4 shows the residual ratio of the mass of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate of Comparative Example 1 and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexano of Comparative Example 2 The result of the change with time of the residual rate of the mass of 8 is shown.
5 shows the residual ratio of the mass of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and the mass of 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate in Example 4; The result of the change with time of the residual rate is shown.
6 shows the residual ratio of the mass of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate in Comparative Example 3 and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexano in Comparative Example 4 The result of the change with time of the residual rate of the mass of 8 is shown.
7 shows the results of the slaughter of mealybugs of Example 5 and Comparative Example 5.
8 shows the results of the slaughter of willow mealybugs of Example 5 and Comparative Example 5.

The sustained-release pheromone formulation of the present invention includes a mealybug having 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate as a sex pheromone substance, and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexa For the willow mealybug with noate as a sex pheromone substance, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexano A container comprising a mixture containing at least an acid, and a polymer material for accommodating the mixture is provided.

Although the sex pheromone substance may be a natural product, it is preferable to synthesize|combine it from a viewpoint of productivity.

2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate was obtained by Wittig transfer reaction of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-yl=2-methyl-2-propenyl=ether in the presence of a base. Then, it is obtained by acetylating the obtained compound.

3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate is 5-methylhexanoic acid obtained by alkylating malonic acid ester in the presence of 3-methylbutyl halide and a base, followed by decarboxylation in the presence of a metal halide and water. It is obtained by transesterification reaction using an ester with 3-methyl-3-butenol in the presence of a Lewis acid.

The mass ratio of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate is 80:20 to 20:80, preferably 75: 25 to 25:75, more preferably 75:25 to 50:50. 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate, which is a sexual pheromone substance of a mealybug, has a release rate from a container containing a common polymer material such as polyethylene, a sexual pheromone substance of a mealybug. Fast compared to 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate. However, by mixing the two sex pheromone substances in a ratio within a certain range, it is possible to reduce the difference in release rate.

The reason for the uniform release rate by mixing the two components in this way is 2,6-dimethyl-1, which is released slowly due to the plasticizing effect by 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate, which is released quickly; It is thought that 5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate becomes easy to release|release. In addition, it is speculated that the release rate of 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate, which has a fast release rate, is suppressed by dilution with 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate. .

In addition, when the mass ratio of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate is less than 25, the dilution effect is weakened, so that 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexano There is a fear that the release period of Eight will be extremely short. In addition, when the mass ratio of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate exceeds 75, the above-mentioned plasticizing effect is weakened, so that 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene There exists a possibility that the release amount per unit time of -3-yl=acetate may decrease extremely.

The mixture includes synthetic antioxidants such as BHT (butylhydroxytoluene), BHA (butylhydroxyanisole), isoamyl gallate and propyl gallate, NDGA (nordihydroguayaretic acid), and natural oxidized substances such as guayole. Antioxidants such as antioxidants, para-aminobenzoic acid such as octyl paradimethylaminobenzoate, benzophenone derivatives such as oxybenzone (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) and 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone and additives such as ultraviolet absorbers such as methoxycinnamic acid derivatives and salicylic acid derivatives. Content of each additive becomes like this. Preferably it is 0.01-5 mass %, The total content becomes like this. Preferably it is 0.02-10 mass %.

The material of the polymer material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of releasing the sex pheromone substances of powdery mildew and willow mealybug over a long period of time. For example, the release moiety of the sex pheromone material is polyethylene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, poval acetate, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, aliphatic polyester, aromatic modified aliphatic polyester, and those containing modified polyvinyl alcohol or a combination thereof. Among these materials, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyethylene is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and workability. Moreover, you may contain additives, such as pigments, such as a bengala, and a ultraviolet absorber.

The shape of the container containing the polymer material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a tubule, a bag made of laminate, and an ampoule, but preferably a tubule. The tubules preferably have an inner diameter of 0.50 to 1.50 mm, and preferably have a thickness of 0.30 to 0.70 mm. In addition, although the length of a tubule may be any length, if it is too short, since installation may be difficult, 10 cm or more is preferable.

Installation of the sustained-release pheromone preparation is uniformly in a package that disturbs communication, preferably 50 to 500 places/10a, more preferably 50 to 100 places/10a.

Although the amount of radiation from one radiation point cannot be said uniformly depending on the packaging environment or weather conditions, etc., there is no particular limitation as long as it is an amount that can be spread evenly on the packaging, but preferably 0.5 mg to 4000 mg / day / location, more Preferably it is 0.5 mg - 1000 mg/day/site.

The effective period of action of the sustained-release pheromone preparation is a period during which a mixture containing the sexual pheromone material of the mealybug and the sexual pheromone material of the mealybug encapsulated in the container of the sustained-release pheromone preparation acts on the pest, and is simply a month. It does not mean the number of days or the number of days, but it changes depending on the use scene of the sustained-release pheromone preparation.

Control of pests by communication disturbance is performed, for example, by dispersing the sexual pheromone substance of the target pest into the atmosphere, disturbing the communication between males and females, lowering the copulation rate, and suppressing the birth of the next generation. In this case, the sustained-release pheromone preparation is required to stably dissipate the sexual pheromone material during the adult period of the pest.

Adult mealybugs occur twice a year and three times a year depending on the region, and the outbreak period is from June to September. It is known that the adult willow mealybug occurs 2-3 times a year between April and November. In addition, in Gaon House used for viticulture, etc., the development of adult insects is extended, and in some cases, adults can be seen from January. When the occurrence of adult insects is seen almost throughout the year, it is necessary to install a new agent at the same time that the occurrence of both types of adult insects is stopped. can The sustained-release pheromone formulation according to the present invention maintains release in which the mixing ratio of the mixed solution included in the sustained-release pheromone formulation is stably maintained over a long period of time.

[Example]

Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate the specific aspect of this invention, this invention is not limited to an Example.

Example 1

EVA containing 0.5 mass % of vinyl acetate units was extruded in the form of a tube with an inner diameter of 1.18 mm and thickness 0.55 mm at the processing temperature of 130-250 degreeC, and the polymer-made tube-shaped container was obtained. A mixture of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate (A) and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate (B) in a mass ratio of 75:25 At 200 mg, BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) and HBMCBT (2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chloro as stabilizers benzotriazole) was added so that 2 mass % of each might be included, and the mixture was prepared. After the mixture was injected from one end of the tube-shaped container, both ends were pressurized while overheating at high frequency to block the liquid, and the welded portion was cut to prepare a 20 cm long-release pheromone formulation. These were installed in a thermostat maintained at a wind speed of 0.3 m/sec and a temperature of 25° C., and the mixture inside the sustained-release pheromone formulation was released.

After 31 days, 61 days, and 91 days, three sustained-release pheromone preparations were recovered, and the residual amount of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl The residual amount of -3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate was quantified by an internal standard method/gas chromatogram analysis. In addition, the residual ratio of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate (a), 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate residual ratio (b), 2, About the residual ratio of the total mass of 6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate, the average value in three was computed . The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1 .

Example 2

Except for changing 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate in a mass ratio of 50:50, The same was done. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2 .

Example 3

Except that 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate were changed in a mass ratio of 25:75, The same was done. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 3 .

Comparative Example 1

To 200 mg of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate (A), BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) and HBMCBT (2-(2) as stabilizers '-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole) was added so that 2 mass % of each might be included, and the mixture was prepared. After injecting the mixture from one end of the tube-shaped container into the same tube-shaped container as in Example 1, pressurize both ends while overheating at high frequency to block the liquid, and cut the welded portion to obtain a sustained-release pheromone formulation A with a length of 20 cm produced. These were installed in a thermostat maintained at a wind speed of 0.3 m/sec and a temperature of 25° C., and the mixture inside the sustained-release pheromone formulation was released.

After 31 days, 61 days, and 91 days, three sustained-release pheromone preparations were recovered, and the remaining amount of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate was determined by the internal standard method/ It was quantified by gas chromatogram analysis. Moreover, about the residual ratio (a) of 2, 6- dimethyl-1, 5- heptadien-3-yl = acetate, the average value in three was computed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 4 .

Comparative Example 2

In 200 mg of 3-methyl-3-butenyl = 5-methylhexanoate (B), BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) and HBMCBT (2- (2'-hydro Roxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole) was added so that 2 mass % may be contained, respectively, and the mixture was prepared. After injecting the mixture from one end of the tube-shaped container into the same tubular container as in Example 1, pressurize both ends while overheating at high frequency to block the liquid, and cut the welded portion to obtain a 20 cm long-release pheromone formulation B produced.

These were installed in a thermostat maintained at a wind speed of 0.3 m/sec and a temperature of 25° C., and the mixture inside the sustained-release pheromone formulation was released.

After 31 days, 61 days, and 91 days, three sustained-release pheromone preparations were recovered, and the remaining amount of 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate was determined by the internal standard method/ It was quantified by gas chromatogram analysis. Moreover, about the residual ratio (a) of 2, 6- dimethyl-1, 5- heptadien-3-yl = acetate, the average value in three was computed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 4 .

Example 4

High-density polyethylene was extruded into a tube shape having an inner diameter of 0.84 mm and a thickness of 0.55 mm at a processing temperature of 130 to 250° C. to obtain a container made of a polymer tube. The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the high-density polyethylene was changed to a high-density polyethylene tubular container. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 5 .

Comparative Example 3

The same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out except that the high-density polyethylene was changed to a high-density polyethylene tubular container. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 6 .

Comparative Example 4

It carried out similarly to the comparative example 2 except having changed the polymer tube-shaped container to high density polyethylene. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 6 . In Table 1, A represents 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate, and B represents 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate.

Example 5 and Comparative Example 5

<Communication disturbance test for mealybug and willow mealybug>

In two apple packs in 10 fields in Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture, one sexual pheromone trap for mealybug and willow mealybug was installed on April 25, 2019, at intervals of 4 to 11 days (July 5). to August 2), the number of male mealybugs and male willow mealybugs slaughtered were counted. After confirming the killing of mealybug and willow mealybug in both packagings, on July 1, 100 pieces of the communication disruptor were uniformly installed on one side of the apple packaging to serve as a treatment tool (Example 5) . The apple packaging on the other side was used as a control that was not treated with the communication disruptor (Comparative Example 5).

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show the number of mealybugs and mealybugs in each apple packaging during the period from April 25 to September 6, 2019.

After July 1, the total number of killings of mealybugs in the communication disruptor-treated group of Example 5 was 1, whereas the total number of killings in the control group of Comparative Example 5 was 280. In addition, although the number of willow mealybug kills before July 1 was higher in the communication disrupting agent-treated group of Example 5 than in the control group of Comparative Example 5, after July 1, The number of willow mealybug kills in the communication disrupting agent treatment section was zero. In this regard, powder of a mixture comprising at least 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate as sex pheromone substances A communication-disrupting effect against mealybugs and mealybugs was confirmed.

Claims (3)

As a sex pheromone substance, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl=acetate and 3-methyl-3-butenyl=5-methylhexanoate in a mass ratio ranging from 80:20 to 20:80 A sustained-release pheromone formulation comprising a mixture comprising at least a mixture, and a container including a polymer material for accommodating the mixture, and for targeting powdery mildew and willow caterpillars. The sustained-release pheromone formulation according to claim 1, wherein the polymer material is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyethylene. A simultaneous treatment of mealybug and mealybug comprising at least the step of installing the sustained-release pheromone formulation according to claim 1 or 2 in a package, and releasing the sex pheromone substance in the sustained-release pheromone formulation into the package. control method.

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