JP2021115568A - Pulverization method and blending method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a technology capable of obtaining furthermore pulverization effect, in pulverization using a slewing gear capable of rotating three-dimensionally.SOLUTION: Pulverization is carried out by using a slewing gear (ball mill) capable of rotating a container three-dimensionally (2-axis rotation). The slewing gear has a main driving disk 6, a follower disk 9 and a transfer mechanism 10. Drive rotation around an x-axis is converted into container rotation around a z-axis through the transfer mechanism 10. A product to be ground is put into an ellipsoidal container 23. It is better to put the product to be ground into the ellipsoidal container 23 through a small container 24. It is even better to use a hollow tube structure for the transfer mechanism 10, and to adjust properly a hollow pressure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

The present invention relates to a pulverization method and a mixing method using a rotating device capable of three-dimensional rotation.

A ball mill is known as a kind of crushing device. In a ball mill, a hard ball such as ceramic or metal and an object to be crushed are placed in a cylindrical container and rotated (uniaxial rotation, two-dimensional rotation) to grind the object to be crushed to produce fine powder.

Since the two-dimensional rotation (uniaxial rotation) is only in the circumferential direction, the ball subjected to the centrifugal force due to the rotation runs up and falls toward the inner wall of the cylindrical container. The movement of the ball is limited, and the sufficient crushing effect is also limited.

On the other hand, according to a rotating device (ball mill) capable of three-dimensional rotation (two-axis rotation), the ball draws a complicated trajectory along the inner wall surface of the spherical container, and the entire surface of the spherical container can be used, which is sufficient. A crushing effect can be expected.

As a rotating device related to three-dimensional rotation (two-axis rotation), a device in which an external motor rotates the first axis together with an internal motor and an internal motor rotates a container or the like around the second axis is common (for example, Patent Document 1). ).

As a result of rotating the internal motor itself by the external motor, if it is rotated at high speed, a large centrifugal force acts on the internal motor, which causes a failure. Further, in order to rotate the internal motor itself, it is necessary to increase the size of the external motor. Along with this, a lot of energy is required and heat loss also occurs.

On the other hand, a rotating device having a transmission mechanism instead of the internal motor has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 2).

The rotating device according to Patent Document 2 is composed of a device main body, a housing, a drive motor, and a support panel. The rotational driving force of the driving motor is transmitted to the main body device via the pulley.

The main body device is composed of an outer frame, an inner frame (container holding structure), a first disk (vertical), a second disk (horizontal), a first rotating shaft, and a second rotating shaft.

The rotational driving force of the driving motor is transmitted to the first rotating shaft via the pulley. The outer frame and the second rotation axis rotate around the first rotation axis.

Rubber is disposed on the peripheral surface of the first disk and abuts on the lower surface of the second disk to form a transmission mechanism. The rotational force of the first disk is transmitted to the second disk. The second disk and the inner frame rotate around the second rotation axis.

As a result, the container rotates about the X-axis and the Z-axis, that is, about two axes. This is called three-dimensional rotation.

In this way, the ball draws a complicated trajectory in the spherical container, and a sufficient crushing effect can be expected. Further, the transmission mechanism eliminates the need for an internal motor, which enables miniaturization, weight reduction, high-speed rotation (for example, 400 rpm), and suppression of heat generation.

JP-A-2002-316899 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-176331

The container of Patent Document 2 is spherical. When the spherical container is rotated three-dimensionally at a constant speed, the ball follows a constant trajectory in the spherical container. At the time when the inventor of the present application developed the rotating device of Patent Document 2 (basic form of the present application), it was considered that the steady state was preferable.

As the inventor of the present application repeated various crushing tests, he came to think that this steady orbit limits the performance of the three-dimensional rotating ball mill.

The present invention solves the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for obtaining a further crushing effect in crushing using a rotating device capable of three-dimensional rotation.

The present invention that solves the above problems is a pulverization method using a rotating device capable of rotating a container three-dimensionally. The container is an elliptical spherical container. A hard ball and an object to be crushed are placed in the elliptical spherical container, and the elliptical spherical container is rotated three-dimensionally.

Further crushing effect can be obtained by the elliptical spherical container. Moreover, the crushing effect can be obtained even at a relatively low speed rotation. Furthermore, the time required to reach a steady state due to high-speed rotation is short. As a result, the crushing time can be shortened.

In the above invention, preferably, the specific gravity of the object to be crushed is half or less of the specific gravity of the hard ball. More preferably, it is 1/4 or less.

Even when there is such a difference in specific gravity, a sufficient crushing effect can be obtained.

In the above invention, preferably, the object to be crushed is placed in the elliptical spherical container via a small container.

As a result, a sufficient crushing effect can be obtained even when the object to be crushed has a small particle size and / or a small amount.

In the above invention, preferably, the small container has an elliptical spherical shape.

Even in a small container, the effect of the elliptical sphere is exhibited.

In the above invention, preferably, the rotary device includes a first rotary drive device, a first horizontal shaft rotated by the first rotary drive device, an outer rotary frame coupled to the first horizontal shaft, and the above. A second rotation drive device provided on the side opposite to the first rotation drive device, a second rotation drive device provided on the side opposite to the first horizontal axis, penetrating one side surface of the outer rotation frame, and being rotated by the second rotation drive device. A second horizontal axis, a driving disk that is coupled to the second horizontal axis and has a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the second horizontal axis, and an axial core direction of the first horizontal axis and the second horizontal axis. Has an axial core direction in the orthogonal direction, and is coupled to the orthogonal axis provided on the outer rotating frame, the inner rotating frame connected to the orthogonal axis and holding the container, and the orthogonal axis connected to the orthogonal axis. A driven disc having a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the above, a transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational force of the driven disc to the driven disc, and outputs of the first rotary drive device and the second rotary drive device are individually output. It is provided with a control device for controlling.

With the above-mentioned rotating device, three-dimensional high-speed rotation can be realized. Biaxial rotation can be controlled individually.

In the above invention, preferably, the rotary device penetrates one side surface of the rotary drive device, the horizontal axis rotated by the rotary drive device, the outer rotary frame coupled to the horizontal axis, and the outer rotary frame. The driving disk, which is coupled to the horizontal axis and has a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal axis, and the axial core direction of the horizontal axis in a direction orthogonal to the axial core direction, are attached to the outer rotating frame. An orthogonal axis provided, an inner rotating frame coupled to the orthogonal axis and holding the container, a driven disk coupled to the orthogonal axis and having a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the orthogonal axis, and the driving circle. It includes a transmission mechanism that transmits the rotational force around the plate to the driven disk, and a control device that controls the output of the rotational drive device.

With the above-mentioned rotating device, three-dimensional high-speed rotation can be realized. Biaxial rotation can be realized by one drive device.

In the above invention, the transmission mechanism has a hollow tube structure, and adjusts the hollow pressure in the hollow tube structure.

The hollow pressure can be adjusted to a high pressure state, a medium pressure state, and a low pressure state. The high pressure condition enables reliable transmission. The medium pressure state causes an intentional slip, and a further crushing effect can be obtained. Depending on the low pressure state, the three-dimensional rotation can be changed to the two-dimensional rotation.

The present invention, which solves the above problems, is a mixing method using a rotating device capable of rotating a container three-dimensionally. The container is an elliptical spherical container. The mixture is placed in the elliptical spherical container, and the elliptical spherical container is rotated three-dimensionally. The mixture is substance A and substance B having a specific density of less than half the specific density of the substance A.

An elliptical spherical container provides a further mixing effect. Moreover, the mixing effect can be obtained even at a relatively low speed rotation. Furthermore, the time required to reach a steady state due to high-speed rotation is short. As a result, the mixing time can be shortened.

In the present invention, a further crushing effect can be obtained in crushing using a rotating device capable of three-dimensional rotation.

An example of a rotating device (cross-sectional view) An example of a rotating device (perspective view) Another example of a rotating device (perspective view) Another example of a rotating device (perspective view) An example of a container holding structure (perspective view) Application example of container holding structure (oval spherical container) Effect of elliptical spherical container Effect of elliptical spherical container (test result) Effect of elliptical spherical container (test result) Effect of elliptical spherical container Conceptual diagram of small container inside large container Deformation example of small container in large container Modification example of transmission mechanism

<Basic configuration of rotating device>
1 and 2 are schematic views of an example of a rotating device. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view. The rotating device is composed of a main body of the device, a housing, motors 1 and 4 which are rotation driving devices, and a support plate.

The main body of the apparatus includes a first horizontal axis 2, an outer rotating frame 3, a second horizontal axis 5, a driving disk 6, an orthogonal axis 7, an inner rotating frame 8, a driven disk 9, and a transmission mechanism 10. And a control device 30.

The output shaft of the electric motor 1 is coupled to the first horizontal shaft 2 via a pulley. Further, the first horizontal axis 2 is coupled to the outer rotating frame 3. That is, by driving the electric motor 1, the outer rotating frame 3 rotates around the first horizontal axis twice (around the axis XX line).

The output shaft of the electric motor 4 is coupled to the second horizontal shaft 5 via a pulley. The second horizontal shaft 5 is provided on the side opposite to the first horizontal shaft 2 and penetrates one side surface of the outer rotating frame 3. A ball bearing is provided between the second horizontal shaft 5 and the outer rotating frame 3. Further, the second horizontal axis 5 is connected to the driving disk 6. The driving disk 6 has a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the second horizontal axis 5.

That is, by driving the electric motor 4, the driving disk 6 rotates about 5 times on the second horizontal axis (around the XX line). On the other hand, since the second horizontal shaft 5 is cut off from the outer rotating frame 3, the driving force of the electric motor 4 is not directly transmitted to the outer rotating frame 3.

The orthogonal axes 7 and 7 are provided on the outer rotating frame 3. A ball bearing is provided between the orthogonal axes 7 and 7 and the outer rotating frame 3. The orthogonal axes 7 and 7 have an axis direction perpendicular to the axis directions of the first horizontal axis 2 and the second horizontal axis 5. Further, the orthogonal axes 7 and 7 are coupled to the inner rotating frame 8.

That is, the inner rotating frame 8 is arranged inside the outer rotating frame 3, and is rotatable around the orthogonal axis 7 (ZZ line) in the outer rotating frame 3.

Further, the orthogonal axis 7 is coupled to the driven disk 9. That is, as the driven disk 9 rotates around the orthogonal axis 7, the inner rotating frame 8 also rotates around the orthogonal axis 7 (ZZ line). Even if the inner rotating frame 8 and the driven disk 9 rotate around the orthogonal axis 7, this rotational force is not directly transmitted to the outer rotating frame 3.

The transmission mechanism 10 transmits the rotational force of the driving disk 6 to the driven disk 9 in a state where the peripheral end surface of the driving disk 6 faces the outer peripheral portion of the plate surface of the driven disk 9.

A container 22 is held in the inner rotating frame 8 (see FIGS. 5 and 6).

<Basic operation of rotating device>
The control device 30 can individually control the outputs of the electric motor 1 and the electric motor 4.

When the electric motor 1 is driven, the outer rotary frame 3 rotates around the XX line via the first horizontal shaft 2.

As the outer rotating frame 3 rotates, the orthogonal axes 7 and 7 provided on the outer rotating frame 3 also rotate around the XX line. Further, the inner rotating frame 8 and the driven disk 9 also rotate around the XX line via the orthogonal axes 7 and 7.

When the electric motor 4 is driven, the driving disk 6 rotates around the XX line via the second horizontal shaft 5.

The driving disk 6 and the driven disk 9 individually rotate around the XX line, and a difference in rotation speed occurs. The difference in rotational speed around the X-X line is transmitted to the driven disk 9 via the transmission mechanism 10, and the driven disk 9 rotates around the orthogonal axis 7 (around the Z-Z line), and the inner rotating frame. 8 also rotates around the ZZ line.

That is, the inner rotating frame 8 and the container 22 rotate around the XX line and also around the ZZ line. In other words, it rotates in two axes (three-dimensional rotation).

<Example of transmission mechanism>
By individually controlling the outputs of the electric motor 1 and the electric motor 4, the number of rotations (rotational speed) around the XX line and the number of rotations (rotational speed) around the ZZ line are individually controlled. can do. This makes it possible to realize more complicated behavior.

On the other hand, the individual control of the electric motor 1 and the electric motor 4 tends to be complicated. As the rotation speed is increased, the contact transmission mechanism may slip due to contact, which may cause a problem in speed control accuracy. In particular, when both the driving disk 6 and the driven disk 9 rotate around the XX line, the contact (contact) transmission mechanism tends to cause contact slip.

Further, when assuming complicated control such as increasing or decreasing the rotation speed periodically, the transmission cannot follow and there is a possibility that contact slip occurs.

The transmission mechanism of FIGS. 1 and 2 is a non-contact type, and is composed of a plurality of first magnets 11 and a plurality of second magnets 12. A space 13 is formed between the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12. That is, the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12 are not in contact with each other.

A plurality of first magnets 11 are arranged on the peripheral end surface of the driving disk 6 so that N poles and S poles alternate. A plurality of second magnets 12 are arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the plate surface of the driven disk 9 so that N poles and S poles alternate.

When the driving disk 6 rotates, the first magnet 11 also rotates. The north pole of the first magnet 11 repels the north pole of the second magnet 12 and tries to attract the south pole of the second magnet 12. The S pole of the first magnet 11 repels the S pole of the second magnet 12 and tries to attract the N pole of the second magnet 12. By repeating this, the rotational force around the X-X line of the driving disk 6 is transmitted to the driven disk 9, and the driven disk 9 rotates around the Z-Z line.

In the non-contact transmission mechanism, contact slip does not occur. As a result, accurate speed control is possible. In addition, heat is not generated due to the transmission of rotational force. Complex control such as increasing or decreasing the rotation speed periodically is also possible.

<Variable example of rotating device>
The rotation device is not limited to the above as long as it is a rotating device capable of rotating the container three-dimensionally.

FIG. 3 is a modified example of the rotating device. Since there is no electric motor 4 and the horizontal shaft 5 is fixed, the driving disk 6 is also fixed.

When the electric motor 1 is driven, the outer rotating frame 3 rotates around the XX line via the horizontal shaft 2.

As the outer rotating frame 3 rotates, the orthogonal axes 7 and 7 provided on the outer rotating frame 3 also rotate around the XX line. Further, the inner rotating frame 8 and the driven disk 9 also rotate around the XX line via the orthogonal axes 7 and 7.

At this time, the driven disk 9 rotates along the outer circumference of the driven disk 6. The rotational force around the XX line is transmitted to the driven disk 9 via the transmission mechanism 10, and the driven disk 9 rotates around the orthogonal axis 7 (around the ZZ line), and the inner rotating frame 8 Also rotates around the ZZ line.

The inner rotating frame 8 and the container 22 rotate around the XX line and also around the ZZ line. In other words, it rotates in two axes (three-dimensional rotation).

At this time, the number of rotations (rotational speed) around the ZZ line is proportional to the number of rotations (rotational speed) around the XX line. Individual control is not possible while the rotating device is operating. On the other hand, the control can be simplified as compared with the individual control of the two motors.

FIG. 4 is another modification of the rotating device. Specifically, it is a modification of the transmission mechanism 10. The transmission mechanism of FIGS. 1 and 2 is a non-contact type, whereas the transmission mechanism of FIG. 4 is a contact type (contact type).

An elastic body (for example, a rubber band) having a large coefficient of friction is attached to the peripheral surface of the driving disk 6. Further, the rubber band is provided with a groove. As a result, the peripheral surface of the driving disk 6 is pressed against the driven disk 9 via the rubber 10, and a frictional resistance force is generated between the two.

An annular and planar rubber may be attached to the outer periphery of the plate surface of the driven disk 9. That is, it suffices that an elastic body is provided on either abutting surface or both.

As a modification of the transmission mechanism 10, a tooth meshing mechanism (not shown) may be used.

<Container holding mechanism>

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an example of the container holding mechanism. The spherical container 22 is provided inside the inner rotating frame 8 via the container holding plates 21 and 21. The center of the spherical container 22 coincides with the center of rotation of the rotating device (that is, the intersection of the XX line and the ZZ line).

The container holding plate 21 is provided with an opening corresponding to the size of the spherical container 22. The spherical container 22 is sandwiched between the two container holding plates 21, and the container holding plate 21 is attached to the inner rotating frame 8. As a result, the spherical container 22 is held. The spherical container 22 is formed by joining two hemispheres.

By changing the opening size of the container holding plate 21, it is possible to change the size of the spherical container 22. Further, it can be applied not only to the spherical container 22, but also to the ellipsoidal container 23, the spindle-shaped container (not shown), the oval container (not shown), and the like. The spindle-shaped container and the oval container may have the same effect as the ellipsoidal container 23.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which the container holding mechanism is applied to the ellipsoidal container 23. The ellipsoidal sphere container 23 is sandwiched between the two container holding plates 21, and the container holding plate 21 is attached to the inner rotating frame 8. The major axis direction of the ellipsoidal container 23 protrudes from the opening of the container holding plate 21. As a result, the ellipsoidal container 23 is held.

In the ellipsoidal sphere container 23, the ellipsoidal major axis is preferably about 1.2 times to 3 times the elliptical minor axis. If it is less than 1.2 times, the effect of the spherical container is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 3 times, the inner rotating frame becomes flat and the rotation balance needs to be reexamined. For convenience of explanation, in the example of FIG. 6, the elliptical major axis is about 1.5 times the elliptical minor axis.

When using a spindle-shaped container or an oval container, set the shape with reference to the above-mentioned major axis / minor axis ratio.

Although it is a translucent container in the drawing, it is preferable that the container is also made of the same material as the hard ball (for example, zirconia or alumina). Stainless steel may be used.

<Effect of ellipsoidal container>
The inventor of the present application repeated various crushing tests and examined the performance limit of the three-dimensional rotary ball mill. For example, when the specific gravity of the object to be crushed is clearly lighter (for example, less than half) as compared with the specific densities of the balls, it has been noticed that the spherical container 22 does not have a sufficient crushing effect.

Commonly used hard balls are made of ceramic or metal. Zirconia, a type of ceramic, has a specific gravity of about ^{5.7 g / cm 3.} The specific gravity of alumina, which is one of the metals, is about ^{4.0 g / cm 3.}

Assuming moxa (specific gravity about 0.2 cm ³ ) and silk (specific gravity ^{about 1.3 cm 3} ) as the object to be crushed, the specific gravity of the object to be crushed is less than half of the specific gravity of the ball. When the specific gravity of the object to be crushed is 1/4 or less of the specific gravity of the balls, the following defects (insufficient crushing) become remarkable.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the difference in effect between the spherical container 22 and the ellipsoidal container 23. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the difference in the crushing test results of moxa between the spherical container 22 and the ellipsoidal container 23. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the difference between the silk crushing test results of the spherical container 22 and the ellipsoidal container 23.

When the spherical container 22 is rotated three-dimensionally, the hard balls move along the inner wall surface of the spherical container 22 due to centrifugal force. After a lapse of a predetermined time, it becomes a steady orbit.

On the other hand, the objects to be crushed having a light specific density tend to collect near the center of the spherical container 22. As a result, the hard balls rarely come into contact with the object to be crushed, and a sufficient crushing effect cannot be obtained.

In the results of the crushing test, the mogusa was not crushed and remained as a lump, and remained unmixed with the hard balls (Fig. 8). The silk is not crushed and is bulky (Fig. 9).

When the ellipsoidal container 23 is rotated three-dimensionally, the hard balls move along the inner wall surface of the ellipsoidal container 23 due to centrifugal force. A part of the hard ball moving along the inner wall surface of the ellipsoidal container 23 changes its trajectory, separates from the inner wall surface, and passes near the center of the ellipsoidal container 23. At this time, it comes into contact with the object to be crushed having a light specific density that gathers near the center of the ellipsoidal container 23, and a sufficient crushing effect can be expected.

Also in the crushing test results, the mogusa was crushed into fine powder and mixed with the hard balls (Fig. 8). The silk is crushed to reduce its bulk (Fig. 9).

There is a demand for crushing various substances and using them as fine powder. For example, when silk is used as a fine powder and mixed with a cosmetic cream, a whitening effect and a moisturizing effect can be expected.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the difference in different effects between the spherical container 22 and the ellipsoidal container 23.

In order to ensure the crushing effect of the ball mill, the specific gravity of the hard ball is relatively heavy (example: zirconia specific density of ^{about 5.7 g / cm 3} and alumina specific gravity of about 4.0 g / cm ³ ).

As a result, the influence of the hard ball's own weight is large, and there is a possibility that the hard ball cannot run up the inner wall of the spherical container 22 in the three-dimensional rotation of low speed rotation (for example, about 50 rpm). Even in the three-dimensional rotation of high-speed rotation (for example, about 200 rpm), it takes a predetermined time for the hard ball to run up the inner wall of the spherical container 22 and draw a locus on the entire surface of the spherical container.

On the other hand, in the three-dimensional rotation, when the long axis of the ellipsoidal container 23 becomes horizontal, the hard ball easily runs up the inner wall of the ellipsoidal container 23. Even in three-dimensional rotation at low speed (for example, about 50 rpm), the inner wall of the ellipsoidal container 23 can be run up. When the three-dimensional rotation is performed at high speed (for example, about 200 rpm), the hard ball runs up the inner wall of the spherical container 22 and draws a trajectory on the entire surface of the spherical container in a short time. As a result, the crushing time is shortened. The rotating device of the present application is capable of high-speed rotation of 400 rpm.

<Small container in large container>
The inventor of the present application repeated various crushing tests and examined the performance limit of the three-dimensional rotary ball mill. For example, when the particle size to be crushed is extremely small (for example, 1/50 or less of the container diameter, especially 1/100 or less of the container diameter), or a small amount (for example, 1/100 or less of the container capacity, especially 1/100 of the container capacity). In the case of 1000 or less), I noticed that a sufficient crushing effect could not be obtained.

The inventor of the present application has developed a rotating device and uses a container 22 having an inner diameter of 80 to 200 mm in order to perform various crushing tests, mixing tests, and separation tests. For convenience of explanation, the inner diameter of the container is set to 100 mm. In order to obtain a sufficient crushing effect, the hard ball diameter is set to about 8 to 25 mm. For convenience of explanation, the hard ball diameter is set to 15 mm.

For example, the particle size of the object to be crushed is 1 mm, and the grain size is 1000. When crushing such a small particle size and a small volume, the number of times the hard ball and the object to be crushed come into contact with each other is small, and a sufficient crushing effect cannot be obtained (Reference Example 1 in FIG. 11).

In response to such a problem, the inventor of the present application used a hard ball having a small particle size (for example, a particle size of 5 mm) in a small container having an inner diameter of 30 mm, and tried to rotate the container three-dimensionally. Sufficient crushing power was not obtained, and a sufficient crushing effect could not be obtained (Reference Example 2 in FIG. 11).

By the way, in the three-dimensional rotary ball mill, the crushing effect is remarkably improved and the heat generation in the container due to the ball collision is remarkably suppressed as compared with the general ball mill device (two-dimensional rotation). When the inventor of the present application considered the principle of suppressing heat generation in a container, in a general ball mill device, the balls and the balls and the inner wall collide linearly, whereas in a three-dimensional rotating ball mill, the container 3 It was speculated that the balls also rotated three-dimensionally along with the dimensional rotation, and there is a possibility that the balls and the balls and the inner wall may be in contact with each other while rotating and rubbing against each other.

By analogy with the above estimation, if the small container 24 is placed in the large container 22 and the large container 22 is rotated three-dimensionally, the small container 24 moves along the inner wall surface of the large container 22, and the small container 24 itself also moves. Rotate three-dimensionally.

By putting a small particle size and / or a small amount of the object to be crushed in the small container 24, three-dimensional rotation is realized in the small container 24. Since the small container 24 moves largely in the large container 22, a sufficient crushing force can be obtained. As a result, a sufficient crushing effect can be obtained even if the object to be crushed has a small particle size and / or a small amount.

The inner diameter of the small container 24 is preferably about 10 to 30% of the inner diameter of the large container 22. If it is less than 10%, the amount of substance to be crushed that can be put in the small container 24 is limited. Moreover, a sufficient crushing effect cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 30%, the small container 24 is restricted from freely moving in the large container 22. The small container 24 is preferably made of the same material as the large container 22.

For convenience of explanation, the inner diameter of the large container 22 is 100 mm, and the inner diameter of the small container 24 is 20 mm (large diameter / small diameter ratio 20%). As a result, the particle size of the object to be crushed becomes 1/20 (5%) of the inner diameter of the small container 24, and the amount of the object to be crushed becomes 1/8 (12.5%) of the capacity of the small container 24. The object to be crushed has an appropriate particle size and an appropriate amount with respect to the small container 24 (does not have an excessively small particle size or a small amount).

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of a small container inside a large container. For comparison, three-dimensional rotation images of Reference Example 1 (large container) and Reference Example 2 (small container) are shown.

In the first embodiment, only the small container 24 is put in the large container 22, and the large-diameter hard ball is not used. A small container 24 is filled with an object to be crushed and a small diameter hard ball (for example, a diameter of 1 to 3 mm). By putting a plurality of small containers 24 into the large container 22, one small container 24 acts like a hard ball with respect to the other small container 24. That is, the small containers 24 come into contact with each other while rotating. In the small container 24, the small-diameter hard ball comes into contact with the object to be crushed while rotating. It is also possible to put different substances in a plurality of small containers 24, which is suitable for a small amount and various kinds of crushing operations.

In the second embodiment, the small container 24 and the large-diameter hard ball are placed in the large container 22. Further, the object to be crushed and a small diameter hard ball (for example, a diameter of 1 to 3 mm) are placed in the small container 24. The large-diameter hard ball and the small container 24 rotate and come into contact with each other, and further, in the small container 24, the small-diameter hard ball comes into contact with the object to be crushed while rotating. Suitable for small amount and small amount crushing work.

In Example 3, a small container 24 and a large-diameter hard ball are placed in the large container 22. Further, the object to be crushed is put into the small container 24. The large-diameter hard ball and the small container 24 rotate and come into contact with each other, and in the small container 24, the object to be crushed rotates and comes into contact with the inner wall of the small container 24.

As a modification of Example 3 (not shown), a plurality of small containers 24 may be placed in the large container 22, and the object to be crushed may be further placed in the small container 24. One small container 24 acts like a hard ball with respect to the other small container 24.

It should be noted that crushing the chemical into fine powder has the effect of improving absorption into the body. In general, newly developed chemicals are expensive and are often produced in small quantities. In such a case, crushing with a small container inside a large container is preferable.

<Synergistic effect with ellipsoidal container>
FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram in the case where an ellipsoidal sphere container is used for the large container and / and the small container in the small container inside the large container.

Even small particles and / or small amounts of material to be crushed tend to collect near the center of the container. In many cases, the specific gravity of chemicals and the like is clearly lighter (for example, half or less) than the specific density of hard balls. Due to the synergistic effect of combining the small container inside the large container and the ellipsoidal container, a reliable crushing effect can be expected.

In addition, the particle size of the object to be crushed by the ellipsoidal container may be gradually reduced, and the number of contacts may be reduced. A reliable crushing effect can be expected due to the synergistic effect of combining the ellipsoidal container and the small container inside the large container.

In Example 4, a spherical container is used as the large container, and an ellipsoidal spherical container is used as the small container. In Example 5, an ellipsoidal sphere container is used as the large container, and an ellipsoidal sphere container is used as the small container. In Example 6, an ellipsoidal sphere container is used as the large container, and a spherical container is used as the small container.

In Examples 4 to 6, a large-diameter hard ball and a small-diameter hard ball are appropriately used with reference to Examples 1 to 3.

<Pneumatic contact type transmission mechanism>
The transmission mechanism 10 is an essential configuration in the rotating device of the present application, but is not limited as long as the rotational force of the driving disk 6 can be transmitted to the driven disk 9.

In the transmission mechanism of FIGS. 1 to 3, the non-contact type by magnetism is illustrated. In the transmission mechanism of FIG. 4, a contact (contact) type using rubber is illustrated.

Both the magnetic non-contact transmission mechanism and the rubber contact transmission mechanism have advantages and disadvantages. The magnetic non-contact transmission mechanism suppresses slippage, but its configuration is slightly complicated, and the weight of the magnet cannot be ignored. While the rubber contact transmission mechanism is simple and lightweight, it can slip.

In the present application, another type of transmission mechanism is proposed in consideration of the above-mentioned problems.

The transmission mechanism 10 of the present embodiment has a hollow tube structure, and the hollow pressure in the hollow tube structure can be adjusted.

FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory view for adjusting the hollow pressure in the hollow tube structure of the transmission mechanism 10 to (A) high pressure state, (B) medium pressure state, and (C) low pressure state. The hollow pressure state is imaged by the thickness of the arrow.

In a high pressure state, an elastic state higher than that of rubber contact can be realized. By pressing the hollow pressure, the peripheral surface of the main driving disk 6 is surely brought into contact with the outer peripheral portion of the plate surface of the driven disk 9 via the transmission mechanism 10.

The transmission mechanism with a hollow tube structure can realize the simplicity and light weight of the structure similar to the transmission mechanism by rubber, and can realize the slip suppression similar to the transmission mechanism by magnets.

In a medium pressure state, slip can be intentionally generated to realize an unsteady trajectory. Adjust to a hollow pressure that produces reliable transmission and moderate slip.

At the time when the inventor of the present application developed the basic model of the rotating device of the present application, it was considered that a steady orbit was preferable. Therefore, I thought that unintended slip was not preferable. However, the inventor of the present application has come to think that a further crushing effect can be obtained by repeatedly giving a minute change while repeating various crushing tests.

Further crushing effect can be obtained by intentionally combining the slip generation with the ellipsoidal sphere container or the small container in the large container.

In the low pressure state, non-transmission can be performed between the driving disk 6 and the driven disk 9.

In the two electric motor drive types shown in FIG. 1, the rotation around the XX line and the rotation around the ZZ line can be controlled individually. Therefore, by setting one of the rotation speeds to zero, the three-dimensional rotation can be made into a two-dimensional rotation (one-axis rotation).

On the other hand, in one electric motor drive type shown in FIG. 3, the rotation is driven around the XX line and the rotation is generated around the ZZ line. Therefore, the three-dimensional rotation cannot be regarded as a two-dimensional rotation (one-axis rotation).

By making non-transmission between the driving disk 6 and the driven disk 9, even in one electric motor drive type (see FIG. 3), the three-dimensional rotation can be changed to the two-dimensional rotation (one-axis rotation). can.

<Mixing method>
Although the improvement of the crushing effect when a rotating device capable of three-dimensional rotation is used as a ball mill (crushing device) has been described above, the rotating device of the present application may be used for mixing.

For example, substance A and substance B (having a specific density of half or less) having different specific densities are placed in an elliptical spherical container 23 and rotated three-dimensionally.

Even if the substance A and the substance B are placed in the spherical container 22 and rotated three-dimensionally, a sufficient mixing effect cannot be obtained, but the substance A and the substance B are placed in the elliptical spherical container 23 and rotated three-dimensionally to obtain a sufficient mixing effect.

For example, a small container 24 is placed in a large container 22, and a small amount or / and a small particle size of chemical powder A and chemical powder B are further placed in the small container 24 and rotated three-dimensionally.

Even if a sufficient mixing effect cannot be obtained by putting the chemical powder A and the chemical powder B in the large container 22 and rotating them three-dimensionally, it is sufficient to put the chemical powder A and the chemical powder B in the small container 24 and rotate them three-dimensionally. Even if a good mixing effect cannot be obtained, the small container 24 is placed in the large container 22, and a small amount or / and a small particle size of the chemical powder A and the chemical powder B are placed in the small container 24 and rotated three-dimensionally. A sufficient mixing effect can be obtained.

For example, the rotating device used for the hollow tube structure may be used for mixing in the transmission mechanism 10. By setting the hollow pressure to a high pressure state, slip can be suppressed while maintaining the characteristics of a simple structure and light weight. By setting the hollow pressure to the medium pressure state, slip is intentionally generated and a further mixing effect can be obtained. By setting the hollow pressure to a low pressure state, the three-dimensional rotation can be changed to the two-dimensional rotation even in one electric motor drive type.

Further mixing effect can be obtained by appropriately combining an elliptical spherical container, a small container inside a large container, and a transmission mechanism having a hollow tube structure.

<Separation method>
Although the improvement of the crushing effect when a rotating device capable of three-dimensional rotation is used as a ball mill (crushing device) has been described above, the rotating device of the present application may be used for separation.

For example, a small container 24 is placed in a large container 22, and a complex substance C composed of a small amount or / and a small size substance A and a substance B is further placed in the small container 24 and rotated three-dimensionally.

Even if the composite substance C is placed in the large container 22 and rotated three-dimensionally, a sufficient separation effect cannot be obtained, or if the composite substance C is placed in the small container 24 and rotated three-dimensionally, a sufficient separation effect cannot be obtained. However, by putting the small container 24 in the large container 22 and further putting a small amount or / and a small size composite substance C in the small container 24 and rotating it three-dimensionally, it is possible to separate the substance A and the substance B, which is sufficient. A separation effect can be obtained.

In recent years, precision electronic components such as semiconductors tend to be extremely miniaturized. In such a case, separation using a small container inside a large container is preferable. The resin used for the substrate and the metal used for the circuit can be separated.

For example, the rotating device used for the hollow tube structure may be used for mixing in the transmission mechanism 10. By setting the hollow pressure to a high pressure state, slip can be suppressed while maintaining the characteristics of a simple structure and light weight. By setting the hollow pressure to the medium pressure state, slip is intentionally generated and a further separation effect can be obtained. By setting the hollow pressure to a low pressure state, the three-dimensional rotation can be changed to the two-dimensional rotation even in one electric motor drive type.

Further separation effect can be obtained by appropriately combining an elliptical spherical container, a small container inside a large container, and a transmission mechanism having a hollow tube structure.

1 Drive motor 2 1st horizontal axis 3 Outer rotary frame 4 Drive motor
5 2nd horizontal axis 6 Main driving disk 7 Orthogonal axis 8 Inner rotating frame 9 Driven disk 10 Non-contact transmission mechanism 11 1st magnet 12 2nd magnet 13 Space 21 Container holding plate 22 Spherical container 23 Oval sphere container 24 Small container

Claims (12)

Using a rotating device that can rotate the container three-dimensionally,
Put a hard ball and an object to be crushed in the container,
A pulverization method in which the container is rotated three-dimensionally.
A crushing method comprising putting the object to be crushed into the container via a small container. The crushing method according to claim 1, wherein the container is any one of an elliptical spherical container, a spindle-shaped container, and an oval ball container. The crushing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the small container is any one of an elliptical spherical container, a spindle-shaped container, and an oval container. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hard balls are put into the container via a small container. The hard balls include large-diameter balls and small-diameter balls.
The small diameter ball is put into the container via the small container.
The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the large-diameter balls are put into the container without passing through a small container. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hard balls are put into the container without passing through a small container. The small container also serves as a hard ball.
The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the object to be crushed is put into the container via a small container which is a hard ball. The rotating device is
1st rotation drive device and
The first horizontal axis rotated by the first rotation drive device and
The outer rotating frame coupled to the first horizontal axis and
A second rotary drive device provided on the opposite side of the first rotary drive device,
A second horizontal shaft provided on the opposite side of the first horizontal shaft, penetrating one side surface of the outer rotating frame, and rotated by the second rotation driving device.
A driving disk coupled to the second horizontal axis and having a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the second horizontal axis,
An orthogonal axis provided on the outer rotating frame, which has an axis direction perpendicular to the axis directions of the first horizontal axis and the second horizontal axis,
An inner rotating frame that is coupled to the orthogonal axis and holds the container,
A driven disk that is coupled to the orthogonal axis and has a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the orthogonal axis.
A transmission mechanism that transmits the rotational force of the driving disk to the driven disk,
A control device that individually controls the outputs of the first rotation drive device and the second rotation drive device, and
The pulverization method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pulverization method is provided. The rotating device is
Rotational drive and
The horizontal axis rotated by the rotation drive device and
The outer rotating frame coupled to the horizontal axis and
A driving disk that penetrates one side surface of the outer rotating frame and is coupled to the horizontal axis and has a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal axis.
An orthogonal axis having an axis direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the horizontal axis and provided on the outer rotating frame,
An inner rotating frame that is coupled to the orthogonal axis and holds the container,
A driven disk that is coupled to the orthogonal axis and has a plate surface in a direction perpendicular to the orthogonal axis.
A transmission mechanism that transmits the rotational force around the driving disk to the driven disk,
A control device that controls the output of the rotary drive device, and
The pulverization method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pulverization method is provided. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the specific gravity of the object to be crushed is half or less of the specific gravity of the hard ball. Using a rotating device that can rotate the container three-dimensionally,
Put substance A and substance B into the container via a small container.
A mixing method characterized by rotating the container three-dimensionally. The mixing method according to claim 11, wherein the specific gravity of the substance B is half or less of the specific gravity of the substance A.

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