JP2021085573A - Waste treatment facility - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a waste treatment facility capable of suppressing an excessive temperature rise inside an incinerator while maintaining a self-driven operation of a supercharger.SOLUTION: A waste treatment facility includes: an incinerator incinerating waste; an air introduction passage for introducing combustion air to the incinerator; an air preheater heating the combustion air flowing in the air introduction passage by using exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator; a supercharger disposed in the air introduction passage, the supercharger including a compressor compressing the combustion air and discharging the compressed combustion air to the air preheater side and a turbine rotated by using the combustion air heated by the air preheater to drive the compressor; and a cooling device disposed between the turbine and the incinerator in the air introduction passage and cooling the combustion air caused to flow out from the turbine.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a waste treatment facility.

Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, a waste treatment facility for incinerating waste such as sewage sludge is known. Patent Document 1 describes a waste treatment facility including a combustion furnace for burning waste, a preheater arranged after the combustion furnace, and a supercharger connected to the preheater. ing. In this waste treatment facility, the compressed air discharged from the compressor of the supercharger is heated by the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace in the preheater, and then is supplied to the combustion furnace through the turbine of the supercharger.

JP-A-2007-170703

In the waste treatment facility, it is necessary to control the temperature inside the incinerator so that it does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the incinerator or the heat exchanger located at the subsequent stage of the incinerator, but the temperature inside the furnace is input to the inside of the furnace. It varies depending on the properties of the waste (for example, the water content of sewage sludge), the amount of auxiliary fuel input, or the temperature of the combustion air supplied into the furnace. For example, if the water content of the sewage sludge charged into the furnace is low and the high temperature combustion air is continuously supplied to the furnace, the temperature inside the furnace may exceed the heat resistant temperature.

On the other hand, the supercharged waste treatment facility described in Patent Document 1 uses the thermal energy of exhaust gas to supply combustion air into the furnace by a supercharger, and is used for combustion flowing into a turbine. If the temperature of the air drops too low, it becomes difficult to maintain the self-sustaining operation of the turbocharger. Therefore, in the conventional supercharged waste treatment facility, there is a problem that it is difficult to suppress the excessive temperature rise in the incinerator while maintaining the self-sustaining operation of the supercharger.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment facility capable of suppressing excessive temperature rise in an incinerator while maintaining self-sustaining operation of a turbocharger. That is.

The waste treatment facility according to one aspect of the present invention includes an incinerator for incinerating waste, an air introduction path for guiding combustion air to the incinerator, and the combustion air flowing through the air introduction path. An air preheater that heats with the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator and a supercharger arranged in the air introduction path that compresses the combustion air and compresses the compressed air into the air. The supercharger including a compressor that discharges to the preheater side and a turbine that drives the compressor by rotating with the combustion air heated by the air preheater, and the turbine in the air introduction path. It is provided with a cooling device, which is arranged between the incinerator and the incinerator and cools the combustion air flowing out of the turbine.

According to this waste treatment facility, high-temperature combustion air heated by an air preheater flows into a turbine, and combustion air cooled by a cooling device after flowing out of the turbine is guided into an incinerator. Can be done. As a result, the temperature of the combustion air required so that the temperature inside the furnace does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the incinerator is lower than the temperature of the combustion air required to maintain the self-sustaining operation of the turbocharger. However, this can be dealt with by lowering the temperature of the combustion air after it has flowed out of the turbine. Therefore, according to the waste treatment equipment of the present invention, it is possible to suppress excessive temperature rise in the incinerator while maintaining the self-sustaining operation of the turbocharger.

In the waste treatment facility, the incinerator may be a fluidized bed type incinerator. The waste treatment facility includes a bypass path connected to the air introduction path so as to bypass the cooling device, a free board temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the free board in the incinerator, and the air introduction path. An air inflow adjusting unit that adjusts the ratio of the inflow of the combustion air from the bypass path to the inflow of the combustion air from the air introduction path to the cooling device, and the free board temperature detection. A control unit that controls the air inflow amount adjusting unit may be further provided so that the temperature detected by the unit approaches the target temperature.

According to this configuration, by controlling the temperature of the free board to approach the target temperature by using the bypass path and the air inflow adjusting unit, the supercharger can be efficiently operated in the incinerator while maintaining the self-sustaining operation. It is possible to suppress overheating.

In the waste treatment facility, the incinerator may be a fluidized bed type incinerator. The waste treatment facility includes a heat medium inflow adjusting unit that adjusts the inflow amount of the heat medium supplied to the cooling device, a freeboard temperature detecting unit that detects the temperature of the freeboard in the incinerator, and the above. A control unit that controls the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit may be further provided so that the temperature detected by the free board temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature.

According to this configuration, the temperature of the free board is controlled to approach the target temperature by adjusting the inflow amount of the heat medium supplied to the cooling device, so that the supercharger can be efficiently incinerated while maintaining the independent operation. It is possible to suppress excessive temperature rise in the furnace.

The waste treatment equipment may further include a furnace inlet temperature detecting unit that detects the temperature of the combustion air flowing between the cooling device and the incinerator in the air introduction path. The control unit may control the air inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature. The target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit may be a temperature calculated based on the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit and the properties of the waste.

The waste treatment equipment may further include a furnace inlet temperature detecting unit that detects the temperature of the combustion air flowing between the cooling device and the incinerator in the air introduction path. The control unit may control the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature. The target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit may be a temperature calculated based on the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit and the properties of the waste.

According to this configuration, by using the inlet temperature of the furnace as a control index of the air inflow amount adjusting unit or the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit, the stability of temperature control is compared with the case where the temperature of the freeboard is used as a control index. Can be improved.

The waste treatment equipment may further include a fluidized bed temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the fluidized bed in the incinerator. The control unit may control the air inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the fluidized bed temperature detection unit approaches the target temperature. The target temperature of the fluidized bed temperature detection unit may be set based on the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit and the correlation between the temperature of the freeboard in the incinerator and the temperature of the fluidized bed. ..

The waste treatment equipment may further include a fluidized bed temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the fluidized bed in the incinerator. The control unit may control the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the fluidized bed temperature detection unit approaches the target temperature. The target temperature of the fluidized bed temperature detection unit may be set based on the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit and the correlation between the temperature of the freeboard in the incinerator and the temperature of the fluidized bed. ..

According to this configuration, by using the temperature of the fluidized bed as a control index of the air inflow amount adjusting unit or the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit, the stability of temperature control is compared with the case where the temperature of the freeboard is used as a control index. Can be improved.

In the waste treatment equipment, the cooling device may be composed of a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the combustion air flowing out of the turbine and a heat medium supplied to the heat utilization equipment.

According to this configuration, the heat recovered from the combustion air when the combustion air is cooled can be effectively used in other equipment.

The waste treatment facility may be further provided with an air blowing path connected to the air introduction path and for discharging the combustion air flowing through the air introduction path to the outside of the air introduction path. The cooling device may be arranged on the turbine side of the air introduction path with respect to the connection portion of the air release path.

According to this configuration, the amount of heat recovered from the combustion air by the heat medium increases as compared with the case where the cooling device is arranged on the incinerator side of the air introduction path on the incinerator side of the connection part of the blow path, so that heat is generated. It is possible to improve the utilization efficiency of. Moreover, since the cooled combustion air can be discharged to the outside of the air introduction path, it is possible to reduce the diameter of the pipes and ducts constituting the air release path.

The waste treatment facility may be further provided with an air blowing path connected to the air introduction path and for discharging the combustion air flowing through the air introduction path to the outside of the air introduction path. The air blowing path may be connected to the downstream side of the cooling device and upstream of the connecting portion at the downstream end of the bypass path in the air introduction path.

According to this configuration, the combustion air cooled by the cooling device can be discharged to the outside of the air introduction path before being mixed with the high-temperature combustion air flowing through the bypass path. As a result, the diameter of the pipes and ducts constituting the air discharge path can be made smaller than in the case where the air is mixed with the high-temperature combustion air flowing through the bypass path and then discharged.

The waste treatment facility may be further provided with an air blowing path connected to the air introduction path and for discharging the combustion air flowing through the air introduction path to the outside of the air introduction path. The cooling device may be arranged on the incinerator side of the air introduction path with respect to the connection portion of the air release path.

According to this configuration, the amount of combustion air flowing into the cooling device can be reduced as compared with the case where the cooling device is arranged on the turbine side of the connection portion of the air blowing path in the air introduction path. This makes it possible to further reduce the load on the cooling device.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a waste treatment facility capable of suppressing excessive temperature rise in the incinerator while maintaining the self-sustaining operation of the turbocharger.

It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the waste treatment equipment which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control part in the said waste treatment equipment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the opening degree control of a damper in the said waste treatment equipment. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the waste treatment equipment which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the waste treatment equipment which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control part in the waste treatment equipment which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the valve opening degree control in the waste treatment equipment which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the waste treatment equipment which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention.

Hereinafter, the waste treatment equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
First, the configuration of the waste treatment facility 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The waste treatment facility 1 according to the present embodiment is a facility for incinerating waste such as sewage sludge. As shown in FIG. 1, the waste treatment facility 1 includes an incinerator 10, an air introduction path 40, an air preheater 30, a supercharger 50 including a compressor 51 and a turbine 52, a cooling device 80, and a bypass. It mainly includes a path 83, an air inflow adjusting unit 90, and a blowing path 64.

The incinerator 10 incinerates waste such as sewage sludge, and is, for example, a fluidized bed type incinerator. As shown in FIG. 1, a fluidized bed 16 filled with a fluidized medium such as sand is formed in the lower part of the incinerator 10, and the space above the fluidized bed 16 is a freeboard FB.

An exhaust gas outlet 10A is formed in the upper part of the incinerator 10. The air introduction path 40 is a path for guiding the combustion air A1 to the incinerator 10. The air introduction path 40 has first to fourth paths 41 to 44, and the combustion air A1 circulates in order through the first to fourth paths 41 to 44 and is introduced into the incinerator 10.

The first path 41 is provided with an intake port (not shown) for combustion air A1 at the upstream end, and the downstream end is connected to the suction port of the compressor 51. The upstream end of the second path 42 is connected to the discharge port of the compressor 51, and the downstream end is connected to the inlet of the air preheater 30. The upstream end of the third path 43 is connected to the outlet of the air preheater 30, and the downstream end is connected to the suction port of the turbine 52. The upstream end of the fourth path 44 is connected to the discharge port of the turbine 52, and the downstream end is connected to the combustion air inlet 10B of the incinerator 10.

The air preheater 30 heats the combustion air A1 flowing through the air introduction path 40 by the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 10. The air preheater 30 is composed of a heat exchanger, and exchanges heat between the exhaust gas G1 introduced from the exhaust gas path 20 and the combustion air A1 introduced from the second path 42.

The supercharger 50 is arranged in the air introduction path 40, and the compressor 51 arranged on the upstream side of the air preheater 30 in the air introduction path 40 and the downstream side of the air preheater 30 in the air introduction path 40. It has a turbine 52 arranged in the air. The compressor 51 and the turbine 52 are connected to each other by a rotating shaft 53. The "upstream side" and "downstream side" in the air introduction path 40 are based on the direction in which the combustion air A1 flows toward the incinerator 10.

The compressor 51 compresses the combustion air A1 sucked from the first path 41 and discharges the compressed combustion air A1 to the air preheater 30 side. The turbine 52 drives the compressor 51 by rotating with the combustion air A1 heated by the air preheater 30. That is, the rotation of the turbine 52 is transmitted to the compressor 51 via the rotation shaft 53, whereby the compressor 51 is driven. In the present embodiment, as an example, the combustion air A1 having a temperature of about 500 to 650 ° C. flows into the turbine 52, and the combustion air A1 having a temperature of about 400 to 550 ° C. flows out from the turbine 52, but the present invention is not limited to this.

The cooling device 80 cools the combustion air A1 flowing out of the turbine 52, and is arranged between the turbine 52 and the incinerator 10 (fourth path 44) in the air introduction path 40. The cooling device 80 in the present embodiment is composed of a heat exchanger, and has a high-temperature side flow path 81 through which combustion air A1 flowing out from the turbine 52 flows, and a heat medium H1 (turbine) such as cooling water or cooling air. It has a low-temperature side flow path 82 through which a medium having a temperature lower than that of the combustion air A1 flowing out from 52) flows. The cooling device 80 cools the combustion air A1 by exchanging heat between the combustion air A1 flowing through the high temperature side flow path 81 and the heat medium H1 flowing through the low temperature side flow path 82. In the present embodiment, the heat medium H1 may be supplied to heat utilization equipment such as a binary power generation device after heat is recovered from the combustion air A1.

The bypass path 83 is connected to the air introduction path 40 so as to bypass the cooling device 80. As shown in FIG. 1, the bypass path 83 includes an upstream end 83A connected to a portion of the fourth path 44 between the turbine 52 and the cooling device 80, and the cooling device 80 and the incinerator of the fourth path 44. It has a downstream end 83B, which is connected to a site between 10 and 10.

The air inflow adjusting unit 90 includes the inflow amount of the combustion air A1 from the fourth path 44 to the bypass path 83 and the inflow of the combustion air A1 from the fourth path 44 to the cooling device 80 (high temperature side flow path 81). It adjusts the ratio with the amount. Specifically, the air inflow adjusting unit 90 has a cooling inlet damper 91, a cooling outlet damper 92, and a bypass damper 93.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling inlet damper 91 is arranged in a portion of the fourth path 44 between the upstream end 83A of the bypass path 83 and the cooling device 80, and the bypass damper 93 is arranged in the bypass path 83. ing. A cooling outlet damper 92 is arranged at a portion of the fourth path 44 between the cooling device 80 and the downstream end 83B of the bypass path 83. The damper of either one of the cooling inlet damper 91 and the cooling outlet damper 92 and the bypass damper 93 are both configured so that the opening degree can be adjusted.

The air blowing path 64 is a path for discharging the combustion air A1 flowing through the air introduction path 40 to the outside of the air introduction path 40. As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, one end of the air blowing path 64 is connected to a portion of the fourth path 44 on the downstream side of the connecting portion of the downstream end 83B of the bypass path 83, and the air blowing path. The other end of 64 is open to the outside air. That is, the cooling device 80 in the present embodiment is arranged on the turbine 52 side (upstream side) of the connection portion of the air blowing path 64 in the fourth path 44. A blow valve V1 is arranged in the blow path 64, and by opening the blow valve V1, the combustion air A1 flowing out of the cooling device 80 (high temperature side flow path 81) flows through the blow path 64. It is released into the outside air.

The waste treatment equipment 1 further includes a freeboard temperature detection unit 11, a fluidized bed temperature detection unit 12, and a furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13. The freeboard temperature detection unit 11 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the freeboard FB in the incinerator 10 and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected temperature. The freeboard temperature detection unit 11 is provided above the fluidized bed 16 in the side portion of the incinerator 10.

The fluidized bed temperature detection unit 12 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the fluidized bed 16 in the incinerator 10 and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected temperature. The furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the combustion air A1 flowing between the cooling device 80 and the incinerator 10 in the fourth path 44, and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected temperature. As shown in FIG. 1, the furnace inlet temperature detecting unit 13 in the present embodiment is arranged at a portion of the fourth path 44 between the connecting portion of the air blowing path 64 and the incinerator 10. However, the position of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is not limited to this, and for example, the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 may be arranged in a wind box (not shown) below the fluidized bed 16 in the incinerator 10. ..

The waste treatment facility 1 further includes a control unit 100 (FIG. 2) that controls the air inflow amount adjusting unit 90 so that the temperature detected by the freeboard temperature detecting unit 11 approaches the target temperature. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing each function of the control unit 100. As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 100 includes a reception unit 101, a determination unit 102, an opening degree control unit 103, and a calculation unit 104.

The reception unit 101 receives detection signals from each of the freeboard temperature detection unit 11, the fluidized bed temperature detection unit 12, and the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13. The determination unit 102 compares the detection data input to the reception unit 101 with the target temperature, and determines the magnitude relationship thereof. The opening degree control unit 103 controls each opening degree of one of the cooling inlet damper 91 and the cooling outlet damper 92 and the bypass damper 93 based on the determination result by the determination unit 102. The calculation unit 104 determines the target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 based on the target temperature of the free board temperature detection unit 11 and the properties of the waste charged into the incinerator 10 (for example, the water content of sewage sludge). Is calculated. The reception unit 101, the determination unit 102, the opening degree control unit 103, and the calculation unit 104 are functions executed by the central processing unit of the computer constituting the control unit 100.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 100 controls the air inflow amount adjusting unit 90 so that the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detecting unit 13 approaches the target temperature. That is, by controlling the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detecting unit 13 to approach the target temperature, as a result, the temperature detected by the freeboard temperature detecting unit 11 approaches the target temperature. Hereinafter, this control will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is set (step S10). Specifically, the freeboard temperature detection unit 11 determines the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit 11 and the properties of the waste charged into the incinerator 10 (for example, the water content of sewage sludge). The target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 required to set the detection temperature to the target temperature is calculated and set by the heat balance calculation. This calculation and setting may be performed by the calculation unit 104, or the target temperature may be set manually as appropriate according to the actual operating state.

In the present embodiment, the target temperature of the free board temperature detection unit 11 is set to 850 to 880 ° C. as an example, and the target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is, for example, 300 based on this and the water content of the sewage sludge. Set to ° C.

Next, during the steady operation of the waste treatment facility 1, that is, while the combustion air A1 passes through the compressor 51, the air preheater 30, and the turbine 52 in this order and is introduced into the incinerator 10, the furnace inlet temperature detection unit. The temperature of the combustion air A1 is detected by 13 (step S20), and the detection signal is input to the reception unit 101. Then, the determination unit 102 determines whether or not the detection temperature exceeds the target temperature set in step S10 (step S30).

When it is determined that the detected temperature exceeds the target temperature (YES in step S30), the opening degree control unit 103 increases the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 and the opening degree of the bypass damper 93. (Step S40). As a result, the inflow amount of the combustion air A1 into the cooling device 80 increases, and the inflow amount of the combustion air A1 into the bypass path 83 decreases. The opening degree control unit 103 may increase only the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 without changing the opening degree of the bypass damper 93, or open the bypass damper 93 without changing the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91. Only the degree may be reduced.

Next, after changing the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 and the bypass damper 93, or when the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 does not exceed the target temperature (NO in step S30), the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 Is determined by the determination unit 102 as to whether or not is below the target temperature (step S50). Then, when the detected temperature is lower than the target temperature (YES in step S50), the opening degree control unit 103 reduces the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 and increases the opening degree of the bypass damper 93 (YES in step S50). Step S60). As a result, the inflow amount of the combustion air A1 into the cooling device 80 decreases, and the inflow amount of the combustion air A1 into the bypass path 83 increases. The opening degree control unit 103 may reduce only the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 without changing the opening degree of the bypass damper 93, or may open the bypass damper 93 without changing the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91. It may be increased only in degrees.

Then, after changing the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 and the bypass damper 93, or when the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is not less than the target temperature (NO in step S50), the process proceeds to step S70, and the control end condition is satisfied. Determine whether or not to do so. Then, when the end condition is satisfied (YES in step S70), the control is ended, and when the end condition is not satisfied, the process returns to step S20 (NO in step S70) to continue the damper opening control.

As described above, according to the waste treatment facility 1 according to the present embodiment, the high-temperature (about 500 to 700 ° C.) combustion air A1 heated by the air preheater 30 is allowed to flow into the turbine 52 and from the turbine 52. The combustion air A1 cooled by the cooling device 80 after flowing out can be guided into the incinerator 10. As a result, the temperature of the combustion air A1 required so that the temperature inside the incinerator 10 does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the incinerator 10 and the heat exchanger (air preheater 30) located at the subsequent stage of the incinerator 10 is increased. Even if the temperature is lower than the temperature of the combustion air A1 required to maintain the self-sustaining operation of the supercharger 50, it can be dealt with by lowering the temperature of the combustion air A1 after flowing out from the turbine 52. .. Therefore, according to the waste treatment facility 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the excessive temperature rise in the incinerator 10 while maintaining the self-sustaining operation of the turbocharger 50.

In the present embodiment, the temperature detected by the freeboard temperature detection unit 11 is not used as the control index of the air inflow adjusting unit 90, but the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is used as the control index. The target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 may be changed. Specifically, the temperature detection by the free board temperature detection unit 11 is continued during the steady operation of the waste treatment facility 1, and the free board temperature is detected even though the detection temperature by the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is the target temperature. When the temperature detected by the unit 11 is higher than the target temperature, the target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 may be lowered. If the temperature detected by the freeboard temperature detection unit 11 is lower than the target temperature even though the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is the target temperature, the target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit 13 is raised. You may.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, the waste treatment facility 1A according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The waste treatment facility 1A according to the second embodiment basically has the same configuration as the waste treatment facility 1 according to the first embodiment and has the same effect, but the cooling device 80 and the air discharge path 64 It is different from the first embodiment in the positional relationship with. Hereinafter, only the points different from the first embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 4, the cooling device 80 in the present embodiment is arranged on the incinerator 10 side (downstream side) of the air introduction path 40 (fourth path 44) with respect to the connection portion of the air release path 64. .. More specifically, one end of the blow path 64 is connected to the downstream side of the fourth path 44 on the downstream side of the turbine 52 and upstream of the upstream end 83A of the bypass path 83, and other than the blow path 64. The ends are open to the outside air. Further, in the second embodiment, the heat medium H1 used for cooling the combustion air A1 may be sent to the heat utilization equipment and used for heat utilization, or may be discarded without being sent to the heat utilization equipment. Good.

According to the waste treatment facility 1A according to the second embodiment, after the outflow from the turbine 52, the combustion air A1 partially discharged by the air discharge path 64 flows into the cooling device 80. Therefore, as compared with the case where the cooling device 80 is arranged on the turbine 52 side of the connection portion of the air blowing path 64 in the fourth path 44 as in the first embodiment, the combustion air A1 flowing into the cooling device 80 The amount of can be reduced. Thereby, the load on the cooling device 80 can be further reduced.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, the waste treatment facility 1B according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7. The waste treatment facility 1B according to the third embodiment basically has the same configuration as the waste treatment facility 1 according to the first embodiment and has the same effect, but has a bypass path 83 and a cooling inlet damper 91. , It is different from the first embodiment in that the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit 84 is provided instead of the cooling outlet damper 92 and the bypass damper 93. Hereinafter, only the points different from the first embodiment will be described.

The heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit 84 adjusts the inflow amount of the heat medium H1 supplied to the cooling device 80, and is composed of a valve whose opening degree can be adjusted (heat medium inlet valve). As shown in FIG. 5, the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit 84 is arranged on the upstream side of the heat medium flow path 80A connected to the low temperature side flow path 82 of the cooling device 80 with respect to the cooling device 80.

The control unit 100 controls the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit 84 so that the temperature detected by the freeboard temperature detecting unit 11 approaches the target temperature (FIGS. 6 and 7). FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the opening degree control of the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit 84 (heat medium inlet valve) by the control unit 100 (opening degree control unit 103). The control flow of FIG. 7 increases the opening degree of the heat medium inlet valve instead of increasing the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 and decreasing the opening degree of the bypass damper 93 in step S40 as compared with FIG. (Step S41), except that in step S60, the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 is decreased and the opening degree of the heat medium inlet valve is decreased instead of increasing the opening degree of the bypass damper 93 (step S61). This is the same as the control flow of FIG.

(Embodiment 4)
Next, the waste treatment facility 1C according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The waste treatment facility 1C according to the fourth embodiment basically has the same configuration as the waste treatment facility 1 according to the first embodiment and has the same effect, but at the connection position of the air discharge path 64. It is different from the first embodiment. Hereinafter, only the points different from the first embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 8, the upstream end of the air discharge path 64 is on the downstream side of the cooling device 80 in the air introduction path 40 (fourth path 44) and upstream of the connection portion of the downstream end 83B of the bypass path 83. It is connected to the side. More specifically, the upstream end of the air discharge path 64 is connected to the incinerator 10 side (downstream side) of the fourth path 44 with respect to the cooling outlet damper 92.

As a result, before the combustion air A1 cooled by the cooling device 80 is mixed with the high-temperature combustion air A1 (combustion air A1 not cooled by the cooling device 80) flowing through the bypass path 83, the fourth It can be released out of path 44. As a result, the diameters of the pipes and ducts constituting the air discharge path 64 are made smaller than those in the case where the air is mixed with the high-temperature combustion air A1 flowing through the bypass path 83 and then discharged as in the first embodiment. Can be done.

(Other embodiments)
Here, other embodiments of the present invention will be described.

In the first and third embodiments, the case where the damper opening degree of the air inflow amount adjusting unit 90 or the valve opening degree of the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit 84 is controlled based on the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detecting unit 13 has been described. , Not limited to this. In the first embodiment, the control unit 100 may control the air inflow amount adjusting unit 90 so that the temperature detected by the fluidized bed temperature detecting unit 12 approaches the target temperature. In this case, the damper opening degree is controlled in the same manner as in the flowchart of FIG. 3, except that the fluidized bed temperature is used as a control index instead of the furnace inlet temperature. The target temperature of the fluidized bed temperature detection unit 12 is set based on the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit 11 and the correlation between the temperature of the freeboard FB in the incinerator 10 and the temperature of the fluidized bed 16. .. This correlation is obtained from the past operation results of the waste treatment facility 1. The target temperature of the fluidized bed temperature detection unit 12 may be maintained at a value set based on the above correlation, or the target temperature of the fluidized bed temperature detection unit 12 may be set based on the detection temperature of the free board FB. It may be changed as appropriate.

Further, in the third embodiment, the control unit 100 may control the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit 84 so that the temperature detected by the fluidized bed temperature detecting unit 12 approaches the target temperature. In this case, the valve opening degree is controlled in the same manner as in the flowchart of FIG. 7, except that the fluidized bed temperature is used as a control index instead of the furnace inlet temperature. Similarly, the target temperature of the fluidized bed temperature detection unit 12 is based on the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit 11 and the correlation between the temperature of the freeboard FB in the incinerator 10 and the temperature of the fluidized bed 16. Is set.

Further, in the first and third embodiments, the damper opening degree of the air inflow amount adjusting unit 90 or the valve opening degree of the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit 84 may be controlled based on the temperature detected by the freeboard temperature detecting unit 11. .. Even in these cases, the same control as in the flowcharts of FIGS. 3 and 7 is possible. Further, in the third embodiment, even if the heat medium inflow adjusting unit 84 is arranged on the downstream side of the cooling device 80 among the heat medium flow paths 80A connected to the low temperature side flow path 82 of the cooling device 80. Good.

In the waste treatment facility 1 of the first embodiment, a watering section for sprinkling water in the incinerator 10 (freeboard FB) and a watering section for adding water to the sludge injection machine may be further provided. These can be used auxiliary together with the cooling device 80 when it is difficult to control the temperature of the freeboard FB only by the cooling device 80.

In the first embodiment, the case where the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 and the bypass damper 93 is automatically controlled by the control unit 100 has been described, but the opening degree of the cooling inlet damper 91 and the bypass damper 93 may be manually controlled. ..

In the first embodiment, the fluidized bed type incinerator has been described as an example of the incinerator, but it can also be applied to other incinerators. The type of waste is not limited to sewage sludge, and may be, for example, municipal waste.

It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed this time are exemplary in all respects and are not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims rather than the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

10 Incinerator 11 Freeboard temperature detector 12 Flow layer temperature detector 13 Furnace inlet temperature detector 30 Air preheater 40 Air introduction path 50 Supercharger 51 Compressor 52 Turbine 64 Blow path 80 Cooler 83 Bypass path 84 Heat medium Inflow amount adjustment unit 90 Air inflow amount adjustment unit 100 Control unit A1 Combustion air FB Free board G1 Exhaust gas H1 Heat medium

Claims (11)

An incinerator that incinerates waste and
An air introduction path for guiding combustion air to the incinerator,
An air preheater that heats the combustion air flowing through the air introduction path with the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, and an air preheater.
A supercharger arranged in the air introduction path, which is heated by a compressor that compresses the combustion air and discharges the compressed combustion air to the air preheater side, and the air preheater. The turbocharger including a turbine that drives the compressor by being rotated by the combustion air, and the turbocharger.
A waste treatment facility provided with a cooling device arranged between the turbine and the incinerator in the air introduction path to cool the combustion air flowing out of the turbine. The incinerator is a fluidized bed type incinerator.
A bypass path connected to the air introduction path so as to bypass the cooling device,
A freeboard temperature detector that detects the temperature of the freeboard in the incinerator,
An air inflow adjusting unit that adjusts the ratio of the inflow amount of the combustion air from the air introduction path to the bypass path and the inflow amount of the combustion air from the air introduction path to the cooling device.
The waste treatment facility according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that controls the air inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the free board temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature. The incinerator is a fluidized bed type incinerator.
A heat medium inflow adjusting unit that adjusts the inflow of the heat medium supplied to the cooling device, and a heat medium inflow adjusting unit.
A freeboard temperature detector that detects the temperature of the freeboard in the incinerator,
The waste treatment facility according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that controls the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the freeboard temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature. Further, a furnace inlet temperature detecting unit for detecting the temperature of the combustion air flowing between the cooling device and the incinerator in the air introduction path is further provided.
The control unit controls the air inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature.
The waste treatment facility according to claim 2, wherein the target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit is a temperature calculated based on the target temperature of the free board temperature detection unit and the properties of the waste. Further, a furnace inlet temperature detecting unit for detecting the temperature of the combustion air flowing between the cooling device and the incinerator in the air introduction path is further provided.
The control unit controls the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the furnace inlet temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature.
The waste treatment facility according to claim 3, wherein the target temperature of the furnace inlet temperature detection unit is a temperature calculated based on the target temperature of the free board temperature detection unit and the properties of the waste. Further provided with a fluidized bed temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the fluidized bed in the incinerator.
The control unit controls the air inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the fluidized bed temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature.
The target temperature of the fluidized bed temperature detection unit is set based on the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit and the correlation between the temperature of the freeboard in the incinerator and the temperature of the fluidized bed. The waste treatment facility according to Item 2. Further provided with a fluidized bed temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the fluidized bed in the incinerator.
The control unit controls the heat medium inflow amount adjusting unit so that the temperature detected by the fluidized bed temperature detecting unit approaches the target temperature.
The target temperature of the fluidized bed temperature detection unit is set based on the target temperature of the freeboard temperature detection unit and the correlation between the temperature of the freeboard in the incinerator and the temperature of the fluidized bed. The waste treatment facility according to Item 3. The cooling device is any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cooling device includes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the combustion air flowing out of the turbine and a heat medium supplied to the heat utilization equipment. Waste treatment equipment described in. Further provided with an air blowing path connected to the air introduction path and for discharging the combustion air flowing through the air introduction path to the outside of the air introduction path.
The waste treatment facility according to claim 8, wherein the cooling device is arranged on the turbine side of the air introduction path with respect to the connection portion of the air release path. Further provided with an air blowing path for discharging the combustion air flowing through the air introduction path to the outside of the air introduction path.
Any of claims 2, 4 and 6, wherein the air release path is connected to the downstream side of the cooling device and upstream of the connection portion at the downstream end of the bypass path in the air introduction path. The waste treatment equipment described in item 1. Further provided with an air blowing path connected to the air introduction path and for discharging the combustion air flowing through the air introduction path to the outside of the air introduction path.
The waste treatment facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cooling device is arranged on the incinerator side of the air introduction path with respect to the connection portion of the air release path.

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