JP2021085230A - Illuminating device, optical members, illumination system and illumination method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an illuminating device, optical members, an illumination system and an illumination method that can appropriately guide the way to a parking space with simple configurations.SOLUTION: An illuminating device 2 is positioned near a front end of entering direction to a parking space 4, and includes a light source that emits light, a light forming member that forms the light from the light source into light with height lower than a minimum ground height of a vehicle and emits it toward a rear side in an entering direction to the parking space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to lighting devices, optical members, lighting systems and lighting methods.

For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the driver is notified of the vacant parking space by the indicator light. In the parking empty space display device described in Patent Document 1, an empty parking space can be provided from anywhere by providing an on-vehicle / empty vehicle indicator light at a position higher than the vehicle in the parking space via a support column and a horizontal arm. It is configured so that it can be confirmed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-264434

However, in the display device described in Patent Document 1, there is a possibility that the parking space cannot be properly guided because the display light is blocked by obstacles such as other cars, walls, and pillars in the parking lot. .. Further, since the indicator light is provided at a position higher than the vehicle, the device becomes large-scale, and there is a possibility that the parking space is restricted.

The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above points, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a lighting device, an optical member, a lighting system, and a lighting method capable of appropriately guiding a parking space with a simple configuration. ..

The lighting device according to the present disclosure is
A light source that emits light and is located near the front end of the parking space in the approach direction.
It is provided with an optical shaping member that shapes the light from the light source into light having a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle and emits the light to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space.

In the lighting device according to the present disclosure
The optical shaping member may include an optical element that diffuses, diffracts, and refracts light from the light source.

In the lighting device according to the present disclosure
The optical shaping member may further have a collimator lens located between the light source and the optical element and collimating the light from the light source.

In the lighting device according to the present disclosure
The light shaping member may shape the light from the light source so as to satisfy the following conditional expression.
θV <θH (1)
However,
θV: Vertical diffusion angle of light emitted from the optical shaping member θH: Horizontal diffusion angle of light emitted from the optical shaping member

In the lighting device according to the present disclosure
The light shaping member may shape the light from the light source so as to further satisfy the following conditional expression.
θV ≤ 1 ° (2)

The lighting device according to the present disclosure is
It may be located near the bollard.

In the lighting device according to the present disclosure
The light source may have different light emission modes depending on the availability of the parking space.

The lighting device according to the present disclosure is
A light source that emits light and
It is provided with an optical shaping member that shapes the light from the light source into light having a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle and emits it to the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle toward the parking space.

In the lighting device according to the present disclosure
The light shaping member may shape the light from the light source so as to irradiate the floor surface on the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle toward the parking space with the pattern light indicating the course to the parking space. ..

The optical member according to the present disclosure is
Equipped with a light guide layer located on the floor on the rear side of the parking space in the approach direction
The light guide layer incidents the light emitted to the rear side of the parking space in the approach direction at a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle, and changes the traveling direction of the incident light to emit the light.

In the optical member according to the present disclosure,
The light guide layer may emit light incident from the first side surface side of the light guide layer from the second side surface side of the light guide layer whose surface normal direction is different from that of the first side surface.

The optical member according to the present disclosure is
A second optical element located on the exit side with respect to the second side surface side and performing at least one of diffusion, diffraction, and refraction with respect to the light emitted from the second side surface side may be further provided.

The optical member according to the present disclosure is
An optical shaping element that is located on the incident side with respect to the first side surface side and shapes the light incident from the first side surface side into a predetermined light may be further provided.

In the optical member according to the present disclosure,
The light guide layer may emit light incident from the side surface side of the light guide layer from the upper surface side of the light guide layer.

The optical member according to the present disclosure is
A protective layer located on the upper surface side of the light guide layer may be further provided.

The optical member according to the present disclosure is
An adhesive layer located on the lower surface side of the light guide layer may be further provided.

In the optical member according to the present disclosure,
The light guide layer may change the traveling direction of the incident light at an angle of 60 ° or more and 120 ° or less.

In the optical member according to the present disclosure,
The second optical element may emit light whose traveling direction is changed at a diffusion angle of 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

In the optical member according to the present disclosure,
The light guide layer may have a reflection layer that reflects the incident light in a direction different from the incident direction.

In the optical member according to the present disclosure,
The reflective layer reflects light incident from the first side surface side of the light guide layer to the second side surface side of the light guide layer whose surface normal direction is different from that of the first side surface.
The light guide layer may further have a beam structure for reinforcing the light guide path.

In the optical member according to the present disclosure,
The light guide layer is provided with an entrance port for light on the first side surface side, an emission port for light on the second side surface side, and a cavity between the entrance port and the emission port.
The reflective layer is located on the inner surface of the cavity and
The beam structure may be located in the cavity.

The lighting system according to the present disclosure is
With the above-mentioned lighting device
It includes the above-mentioned optical member.

In the lighting system according to the present disclosure
The light shaping member of the lighting device may shape the light from the light source into light incident on the side surface of the optical member facing the lighting device.

The lighting method according to the present disclosure is
Light is emitted to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space so as to pass under the vehicle body of the vehicle parked in the parking space.
The traveling direction of the emitted light is changed on the rear side of the parking space in the approaching direction.

The lighting method according to the present disclosure is
Light is emitted to the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle so as to pass under the vehicle body toward the parking space, and a pattern light indicating the course to the parking space is emitted on the floor surface behind the traveling direction of the vehicle. Irradiate.

According to the present disclosure, the parking space can be appropriately guided and displayed by a simple configuration.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a lighting system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a lighting device in the lighting system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a lighting device in the lighting system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing an optical member in the lighting system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a light guide layer of an optical member in the lighting system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an optical member in the lighting system according to the first modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a bottom view of FIG. FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an optical member in the lighting system according to the second modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an optical member in the lighting system according to the third modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an optical member in the lighting system according to the fourth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a lighting device in the lighting system according to the fifth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 14 is a side view showing a lighting device according to a sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an irradiation state of pattern light in the lighting device according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an irradiation state of pattern light different from that of FIG. 15 in the lighting device according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a lighting device according to a sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a first operation example of the lighting device according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a second operation example of the lighting device according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a lighting device according to a seventh modification of the present embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings attached to the present specification, the scale, aspect ratio, etc. are appropriately changed from those of the actual product and exaggerated for the convenience of illustration and comprehension.

In addition, the terms such as "parallel", "orthogonal", and "same", and the values of length and angle, etc., which specify the shape and geometric conditions and their degrees as used in the present specification, are strictly referred to. It is interpreted to include the range in which similar functions can be expected, without being bound by any meaning.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. In FIG. 1, the direction in which the vehicle 7 enters the parking space 4 for parking is defined as the front side in the approach direction, and the side opposite to the front in the approach direction, that is, the tip in the direction in which the vehicle 7 escapes from the parking space 4 is the approach direction. It is on the rear side. The lighting system 1 of FIG. 1 emits light 8 from the front side in the approach direction of the parking space 4 toward the rear side in the approach direction so as to pass under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7 parked in the parking space 4 indoors or outdoors. This is a system for changing the traveling direction of the light 8 emitted on the rear side of the parking space 4 in the approaching direction. The traveling direction of the changed light 8 is typically the direction of the other vehicle 5 traveling toward the parking space 4 in order to park in the parking space 4, and the driver of the other vehicle 5 has changed the traveling direction. It is possible to determine whether or not parking is possible in the parking space 4 by the light 8.

The lighting system 1 includes a lighting device 2 and an optical member 3. The lighting device 2 is a device that emits light 8 to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space 4 so as to pass under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7 parked in the parking space 4. In FIG. 1, the approach direction of the parking space 4 is indicated by an arrow d, and the rear side of the approach direction is the opposite direction of the arrow d. The optical member 3 is a member that changes the traveling direction of the light 8 emitted from the lighting device 2 on the rear side of the parking space 4 in the approaching direction. Hereinafter, each configuration of the lighting device 2 and the optical member 3 will be specifically described.

(Lighting device 2)
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a lighting device 2 in the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, the lighting device 2 is located near the front end of the parking space 4 in the approach direction d, and emits the light 8 and the light 8 from the light source 21 under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7. A light shaping member 22 that is shaped into light 8 having a height that allows it to pass through and is emitted to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space 4 is provided. The vicinity of the front end of the parking space 4 in the approach direction means closer to the front end of the parking space 4 in the approach direction than the rear end of the parking space 4 in the approach direction. The distance between the vehicle body of the parked vehicle 7 and the floor surface 10 differs depending on the vehicle type of the vehicle 7, but for example, in the present embodiment, the light 8 is shaped to a height lower than the minimum ground clearance to enter the parking space 4. It is configured to emit light to the rear side in the direction. The minimum ground clearance is the vertical distance from the horizontal ground surface to the lowest point of the vehicle body. Japanese security standards stipulate that the minimum ground clearance for ordinary passenger cars is 9 cm or more. For example, the light 8 may be emitted from the light source 21 from a height in the range of about 1 cm to 10 cm from the horizontal ground surface. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the lighting device 2 detects the vehicle 7 parked in the parking space 4 and outputs the detection result to the sensor 23, and drives the light source 21 based on the detection result output from the sensor 3. A control unit 24 for controlling the above is further provided.

The lighting device 2 is located, for example, in the vicinity of the bollard 9. More specifically, the lighting device 2 is located at a position equivalent to that of the bollard 9 or in front of the bollard 9 in the front direction in the approach direction. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the lighting device 2 directs the emission position of the light 8 which is the emission end of the optical shaping member 22 to the rear in the approach direction at a position between the two bollards 9 and 9 in the parking space 4. Is arranged. By arranging in such a position, the lighting device 2 is prevented from coming into contact with the wheels of the vehicle 7 due to the presence of the bollards 9 and 9, and is between the bollards 9 and 9 along the approach direction. In this region, the light path of the light 8 is not obstructed by the wheels of the vehicle 7, and the light 8 having a height lower than the minimum ground light passing under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7 can be appropriately emitted. Such an effect can be obtained by arranging the lighting device 2 at any position in the region A shown in FIG. That is, by arranging the lighting device 2 in the parking space 4 at a position between the two bollards 9 and 9 or at a position ahead of the two bollards 9 and 9 in the approach direction, the wheels of the vehicle 7 interfere with the lighting device 2. Without having to do so, it is possible to appropriately emit light 8 having a height lower than the minimum ground light passing under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7. When the lighting device 2 is arranged between the car stops 9 and 9, it is preferable that the height of the lighting device 2 from the floor surface 10 is equal to or less than the height of the car stop 9. With such a configuration, the possibility that the lighting device comes into contact with the vehicle body of the parked vehicle can be reduced. The position of the lighting device 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is near the front end in the approach direction in the parking space 4. For example, the position of the lighting device 2 is not limited to the parking space 4, and may be in front of the front end of the parking space 4 in the approach direction. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the lighting device 2 has an integrated configuration housed in a single housing 20, but a part of the component of the lighting device 2 is separated from the other components. May be arranged. Further, the sensor 23 shown in FIG. 4 may have a configuration independent of the lighting device 2.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the lighting device 2 in the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the optical shaping member 22 has an optical element 222 that diffuses, diffracts, and refracts light 8 from a light source 21. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the optical shaping member 22 further includes a collimator lens 221 located between the light source 21 and the optical element 222 and collimating the light 8 from the light source 21. As the light source 21, for example, a laser light source that emits a laser beam, which is an example of coherent light, can be preferably used. The light source 21 has different emission modes of the light 8 depending on the availability of the parking space 4. Examples of the change in the emission mode include switching on / off of the light 8, changing the lighting interval, changing the color and intensity of the light 8, and changing the display content by the light 8. As a more specific example, when the vehicle 7 is detected by the sensor 23, the light source 21 does not emit the light 8 under the control of the control unit 24, while the light source 21 does not detect the vehicle 7 by the sensor 23. The light 8 may be emitted under the control of the control unit 24. The sensor 23 is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the vehicle 7 parked in the parking space 4, and a configuration for detecting the vehicle 7 using various detection means 6 can be adopted. For example, the sensor 23 may be an infrared sensor that uses infrared rays, an ultrasonic sensor that uses ultrasonic waves, an image sensor that uses images, a magnetic sensor that uses magnetism, or the like as the detection means 6. As the optical element 222, a preferable optical element is used for shaping the light 8 emitted from the light source 21 into the light 8 having a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle 7. For example, as the optical element 222, a laser diffuser (LSD), a microlens array (MLA), a diffractive optical element (DOE), or the like can be preferably used. When the power of the light source 21 may be small, such as indoors or at night, the optical element 222 can be omitted.

As described above, the optical shaping member 22 shapes the light 8 from the light source 21 into the light 8 having a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle 7, and emits the light 8 to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space 4. The purpose is to make the light 8 incident on the incident surface of the optical member 3 located on the rear side of the parking space 4 in the approach direction, that is, on the side surface of the optical member 3 facing the lighting device 2. In order to appropriately incident the light 8 on the optical member 3, the optical shaping member 22 may shape the light 8 from the light source 21 so as to satisfy the following conditional expression.
θV <θH (1)
However, in the mathematical formula (1), θV is the diffusion angle of the light 8 emitted from the optical shaping member 22 shown in FIG. 3 in the vertical direction. θH is the horizontal diffusion angle of the light emitted from the optical shaping member 22 shown in FIG.
The light shaping member 22 may shape the light 8 from the light source 21 so as to further satisfy the following conditional expression.
θV ≤ 1 ° (2)
For example, the incident surface of the optical member 3 is a surface of 10 cm × 10 cm perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical shaping member 22, and the emission position of the light 8 from the optical shaping member 22 is a position 10 cm in height from the floor surface 10. To do. In this case, when the optical member 3 is arranged 6 m away from the lighting device 2, it is preferable to shape the light 8 from the light source 21 so that θV is 0.0157 ° and θH is 0.95 °. When the optical member 3 is arranged 10 m away from the lighting device 2, it is preferable to shape the light 8 from the light source 21 so that θV is 0.00567 ° and θH is 0.57 °. As a result, the light shaping member 22 can appropriately shape the light 8 from the light source 21 into the light 8 incident on the side surface of the optical member 3 facing the lighting device 2.

(Optical member 3)
FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the optical member 3 in the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the optical member 3 is located on the floor surface 10 on the rear side of the parking space 4 in the approach direction. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the optical member 3 is located on the floor surface 10 outside the parking space 4. The floor surface 10 is typically the ground surface of a parking lot having a plurality of parking spaces 4. When the parking space 4 is on the road, the floor surface 10 is the road surface. That is, the lighting system 1 of the present disclosure can also be applied to a parking lot on the street such as a time-limited parking section. When applied to a parking lot on the road, the front side in the approach direction may be the shoulder side and the rear side in the approach direction may be the road side.

The optical member 3 includes a light guide layer 31 located on the floor surface 10 on the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space 4. The light guide layer 31 incidents the light 8 emitted to the rear side of the parking space 4 in the approach direction at a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle 7, and changes the traveling direction of the incident light 8 to emit the light 8.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the light guide layer 31 of the optical member 3 in the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the light guide layer 31 directs light 8 incident from the first side surface 31a side of the light guide layer 31 to the second side surface 31b of the light guide layer 31 whose surface normal direction is different from that of the first side surface 31a. Emit from the side. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the light guide layer 31 has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and the first side surface 31a and the second side surface 31b are adjacent side surfaces whose surface normal directions are orthogonal to each other. .. More specifically, in the example shown in FIG. 7, the light guide layer 31 is composed of a folded optical system that folds the light 8 incident from the first side surface 31a toward the second side surface 31b by reflection by the reflecting surface 31e. Such a light guide layer 31 can be configured by, for example, a prism or a mirror. The planar shape of the light guide layer 31 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be various polygonal shapes such as a triangular shape, a pentagonal shape, and a hexagonal shape.

The angle at which the light guide layer 31 changes the traveling direction of the light 8, that is, the optical axis is the viewing range visible to the driver of the other vehicle 5 traveling toward the parking space 4, the power of the light 8 emitted from the light source 21. It is designed at a suitable angle according to the intensity of ambient light. For example, the light guide layer 31 may be designed to change the traveling direction of the incident light 8 at an angle of 60 ° or more and 120 ° or less.

As shown in FIG. 7, the optical member 3 is further provided with an optical shaping element 34 located on the incident side with respect to the first side surface 31a and shaping the light 8 incident from the first side surface 31a side into a predetermined light. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the optical shaping element 34 is a sheet-like member along the first side surface 31a, and a concave-convex shape having an optical shaping function is formed on the surface thereof. As the optical shaping element 34, for example, a collimator lens, a Fresnel lens, or the like can be preferably used. From the viewpoint of weather resistance when used outdoors, it is preferable that the optical shaping element 34 is arranged so that the surface on the side where the uneven shape is formed faces inward.

As shown in FIG. 7, the optical member 3 is located on the exit side with respect to the second side surface 31b, and performs at least one of diffusion, diffraction, and refraction on the light 8 emitted from the second side surface 31b side. A second optical element 35 is further provided. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the optical element 35 is a sheet-like member along the second side surface 31b. As the optical element 35, a laser diffuser (LSD), a microlens array (MLA), a diffractive optical element (DOE), or the like can be preferably used. The optical element 35 may emit light 8 whose traveling direction is changed by the light guide layer 31 at a diffusion angle of 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. From the viewpoint of weather resistance when used outdoors, it is preferable that the optical element 35 is arranged so that the side surface having an optical function faces inward.

As shown in FIG. 6, the optical member 3 further includes a protective layer 32 located on the upper surface 31c side of the light guide layer 31. As the material of the protective layer 32, a resin such as polycarbonate having excellent weather resistance can be preferably used. In order to reduce the influence of ambient light, the protective layer 32 is preferably configured to have a light-shielding property with a black resin or the like.

As shown in FIG. 6, the optical member 3 further includes an adhesive layer 33 located on the lower surface 31d side of the light guide layer 31. The adhesive layer 33 is a layer for fixing the light guide layer 31 on the floor surface 10. As the adhesive layer 33, a suitable configuration for fixing the light guide layer 31 on the floor surface 10 is selected. The adhesive layer 33 may be, for example, a concrete bond.

According to the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the lighting device 2 emits light 8 by a light source 21 located near the front end in the approach direction of the parking space 4, and is emitted from the light source 21. The light 8 is shaped by the light shaping member 22 into the light 8 having a height lower than the minimum ground height of the vehicle 7, and is emitted to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space 4. Then, the optical member 3 is located in the parking space 4 at a height lower than the minimum ground height of the vehicle 7 from the optical shaping member 22 by the light guide layer 31 located on the floor surface 10 on the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space 4. The light 8 emitted to the rear side in the approach direction is incident, and the traveling direction of the incident light 8 is changed to emit the light 8. As a result, the light 8 is emitted to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space 4 so as to pass under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7 parked in the parking space 4, and the traveling direction of the emitted light 8 is directed to the other vehicle 5. Can be changed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the light 8 from being blocked by obstacles such as other cars, walls, and pillars in the parking lot, and it is possible to prevent the parking space 4 from being restricted due to the large scale of the device. can do. Therefore, according to the lighting system 1 of the present embodiment, the parking space 4 can be appropriately guided by a simple configuration.

Further, according to the illumination system 1 according to the present embodiment, the optical shaping member 22 diffuses, diffracts, and refracts the light 8 from the light source 21 by the optical element 222, so that the light from the light source 21 is diffused, diffracted, and refracted. 8 can be easily and appropriately shaped into light 8 having a height lower than the minimum ground height of vehicle 7.

Further, according to the illumination system 1 according to the present embodiment, the light shaping member 22 collimates the light 8 from the light source 21 on the incident side of the optical element 222 by the collimator lens 221 to make the light 8 from the light source 21 more appropriate. The light 8 can be shaped to have a height lower than the minimum ground height of the vehicle 7.

Further, according to the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment, the light shaping member 22 shapes the light 8 from the light source 21 so as to satisfy the condition of the mathematical formula (1), so that the light 8 is not obstructed by the passage of the vehicle. The light 8 from the light source 21 can be shaped so as to be appropriately incident on the incident surface of the newly designed optical member 3.

Further, according to the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment, the light 8 from the light source 21 is more reliably formed by shaping the light 8 from the light source 21 so that the light shaping member 22 satisfies the condition of the mathematical formula (2). The light 8 can be shaped to have a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle 7.

Further, according to the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment, by arranging the lighting device 2 in the vicinity of the car stop 9, the light 8 is shielded from obstacles such as other cars, walls, and pillars in the parking lot. It can be avoided more reliably.

Further, according to the lighting system 1 according to the present embodiment, the light source 21 changes the emission mode of the light 8 according to the availability of the parking space 4, so that the driver of the other vehicle 5 can use the light 8 as the parking space. The availability of 4 can be easily grasped.

Although one embodiment has been described by some specific examples, the above-mentioned specific examples are not intended to limit one embodiment. The above-described embodiment can be implemented in various other specific examples, and various configurations may be omitted, replaced, changed, or further configurations may be added without departing from the gist thereof. It can be carried out.

Hereinafter, the above-described embodiment will be further described by explaining other specific examples with reference to the drawings. In the following description and the drawings used in the following description, the same reference numerals as those used for the corresponding parts in the above-mentioned specific examples are used for the parts that can be configured in the same manner as the above-mentioned specific examples, and the same reference numerals are used, and duplicate explanations are given. Is omitted.

(First modification)
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the optical member 3 in the lighting system 1 according to the first modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a bottom view of FIG. In the example shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the light guide layer 31 is formed in a flat plate-shaped member 30 having a light-shielding property and rigidity as an integral structure with the protective layer 32. The plate-shaped member 30 can be made of a resin material such as black polycarbonate. Note that in FIGS. 8 and 9, the adhesive layer 33 is not shown.

The light guide layer 31 has a reflection layer 311 that reflects light 8 incident on the optical member 3 in a direction different from the incident direction. More specifically, the reflective layer 311 reflects the light 8 incident from the first side surface 31a side of the light guide layer 31 to the second side surface 31b side of the light guide layer 31 whose surface normal direction is different from that of the first side surface 31a. .. The light guide layer 31 further has a beam structure 312 that reinforces the light guide path of the light guide layer 31.

More specifically, the light guide layer 31 is a cavity between the incident port 31f of the light 8 on the first side surface 31a side, the exit port 31g of the light 8 on the second side surface 31b side, and the incident port 31f and the exit port 30g. A portion 31f is provided. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the entrance port 31f, the exit port 31g, and the cavity portion 31f are provided in the plate-shaped member 30 in the shape of the plate-shaped member 30. The reflective layer 311 is located on the inner surface of the cavity 31f. Such a reflective layer 311 can be formed by coating, for example, a metal film such as aluminum or a derivative multilayer film. The beam structure 312 is located in the cavity 31f. The beam structure 312 can be integrally formed with the plate-shaped member 30 by, for example, resin molding. In the example shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the beam structure 312 is composed of a plurality of convex portions 3121 hanging from the inner upper surface of the cavity portion 31f. A part of the plurality of convex portions 3121 is arranged at intervals in the frontage direction of the incident port 31f so as to partition the incident port 31f into a plurality of portions. The convex portion 3121 that partitions the incident port 31f constitutes the first side surface 31a of the light guide layer 31. The other part of the plurality of convex portions 3121 is arranged at intervals in the frontage direction of the exit port 31g so as to partition the exit port 31g into a plurality of portions. The convex portion 3121 that partitions the exit port 31g constitutes the second side surface 31b of the light guide layer 31. With such a beam structure 312, it is possible to reinforce the light guide path having the cavity 31f while securing the light guide path between the entrance port 31f and the exit port 31g.
(2nd to 4th modified examples)
FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the optical member 3 in the lighting system 1 according to the second modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the optical member 3 in the lighting system 1 according to the third modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the optical member 3 in the lighting system according to the fourth modification of the present embodiment.

So far, an example of the optical member 3 that changes the traveling direction of the light incident from the first side surface 31a of the light guide layer 31 and emits the light from the second side surface 31b of the light guide layer 31 has been described. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the optical member 3 may be emitted from the upper surface 31c of the light guide layer 31 by changing the traveling direction of the light 8 incident from the side surface of the light guide layer 31. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 11, with respect to the configuration of FIG. 10, the optical element 35 is arranged on the upper surface 31c of the light guide layer 31, and at least diffusion, diffraction, and refraction of the light 8 emitted from the upper surface 31c are generated. You may do one. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 12, the optical member 3 may include a light diffusing sheet 36 that diffuses the incident light 8 instead of the light guide layer 31. The light diffusion sheet 36 may have a fluorescent substance.

(Fifth variant)
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the lighting device 2 in the lighting system 1 according to the fifth modification of the present embodiment. So far, an example of the lighting device 2 provided with a single light source 21 and a single light shaping member 22 has been described. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13, even if the illuminating device 2 includes a plurality of light sources 21 that emit light of different colors and a plurality of light shaping members 22 corresponding to each of the plurality of light sources 21. Good. According to such a configuration, by emitting light of different colors according to the availability of the parking space 4, the driver of the other vehicle 5 determines whether or not to park in the parking space 4 based on the color of the light 8. can do.

(Sixth variant)
FIG. 14 is a side view showing the lighting device 2 according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. The lighting device 2 shown in FIG. 14 emits light 8 to the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle 7A so as to pass under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7A toward the parking space 4, and the floor surface 10 behind the traveling direction of the vehicle 7A. It is a device that irradiates a pattern light 81 that indicates a course to the parking space 4 above. As shown in FIG. 14, the pattern light 81 is irradiated on the floor surface 10 between the vehicle 7A and the following vehicle 7B of the vehicle 7, and the driver of the following vehicle 7B is directed to the parking space 4 by the pattern light 81. You can judge the course. According to the sixth modification, since the pattern light 81 is not blocked by the vehicle 7A, the driver of the following vehicle 7B can visually recognize the pattern light 81 on the floor surface 10. The lighting device 2 is not limited to being arranged on the floor surface 10 as shown in the drawing, and may be arranged at a predetermined position on a wall or a side surface of a curb, for example.

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an irradiation state of the pattern light 81R in the lighting device 2 according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an irradiation state of pattern light 81L different from that of FIG. 15 in the lighting device 2 according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the typical pattern light 81R, 81L is an arrow-shaped pattern light 81R, 81L indicating the path to the parking space 4. In the lighting device 2 that irradiates such pattern lights 81R and 81L, for example, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the emission end of the light 8 reaches the branch point P in the vicinity of the branch point P of the traveling path in the parking lot. It is arranged so as to face the approach road side of. In order to allow the driver of the following vehicle 7B to visually recognize the pattern lights 81R and 81L behind the preceding vehicle 7A, the pattern lights 81R and 81L are behind the total length of at least one vehicle with respect to the branch point P. It is irradiated on the irradiation area. In the examples shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the pattern lights 81R and 81L indicate the right direction and the left direction, respectively, but the pattern light is not limited to these modes, and for example, one of the pattern lights may be used. The straight direction may be indicated, and the other pattern light may indicate the right / left turn direction.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the lighting device 2 according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a first operation example of the lighting device 2 according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a second operation example of the lighting device 2 according to the sixth modification of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 17, the lighting device 2 shapes the light sources 21A and 21B that emit the light 8 and the light 8 from the light sources 21A and 21B into the light 8 having a height lower than the minimum ground height of the vehicle 7A. The light shaping members 22A and 22B that emit light to the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle 7A heading for the parking space 4 are provided. The light shaping members 22A and 22B irradiate the light sources 21A and 21B on the floor surface 10 on the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle 7A toward the parking space 4 so as to irradiate the pattern lights 81R and 81L indicating the course to the parking space 4. Shape the light 8 from.

In the example shown in FIG. 17, the lighting of the two light sources 21A and 21B is controlled by the control unit 25. The control unit 25 acquires vacant space information indicating the vacancy status of the plurality of parking spaces 4 installed in the parking lot, and based on the acquired vacant space information, for example, a plurality of at the branch point P of the traveling path described above. The direction in which the number of vacant parking spaces 4 is large among the branching directions is determined, and the light sources 21A and 21B corresponding to the determined direction are turned on. The vacant space information may be, for example, information based on the detection result of the sensor 23 provided in each parking space 4 described above. The vacant space information may be acquired directly from the sensor 23 or may be acquired from the management system that manages the parking lot. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 17, the two optical shaping members 22A and 22B have a floor in which pattern lights 81R and 81L having different patterns are provided in advance based on the light 8 incident from the corresponding light sources 21A and 21B. It is configured to irradiate the irradiation area of the surface 10.

Specifically, in the example shown in FIG. 17, the optical shaping members 22A and 22B are composed of diffusion elements having a plurality of element diffusion portions E. The diffusing element is, for example, a hologram having an element hologram as the element diffusing portion E. The adjacent element diffusers E of the light shaping members 22A and 22B may each have a separate irradiation region or a separate wavelength range of light corresponding to each other, or between some element diffusers E. The irradiation region or the corresponding wavelength region may overlap with each other. When each element diffusing element illuminates the same irradiation area, the entire illumination pattern can be appropriately formed without omission even if an unexpected obstacle such as a passerby passes through a part of the optical path. In each element diffusion unit E, different wavefronts may be formed, and the formed wavefronts may irradiate the corresponding irradiation region. Then, the pattern lights 81R and 81L may be formed by the entire irradiation region by each element diffusion unit E. A hologram, which is an example of a diffusing element, is produced by using the scattered light from a scattering plate as object light on a hologram photosensitive material such as a photopolymer or a silver salt material. As the reference light, laser light which is coherent light is used. When the laser beam is irradiated from the focal position of the reference light used in the production toward the hologram, the reproduced image of the scattering plate is reproduced at the arrangement position of the scattering plate which is the source of the object light. This reproduced image becomes the irradiation area of the element hologram. If the arrow-shaped scattering plate is used, the arrow-shaped irradiation region can be regenerated. That is, arrow-shaped pattern lights 81R and 81L can be formed. As the hologram, a relief type, that is, an embossed type hologram may be used. It is also possible to design a hologram using a computer without using actual object light or reference light. The hologram thus obtained is called a computer-generated hologram (CGH). Further, a Fourier transform hologram having the same diffusion angle characteristics at each point on the hologram may be formed by computer synthesis. Further, the hologram may be a reflective hologram or a transmissive hologram. The advantage of using a hologram as a diffuser is that the light energy density of the laser beam can be reduced by diffusion, and it can be used as a directional surface light source, so that the illuminance is the same as that of a point light source such as a conventional lamp. It is possible to reduce the brightness of the light source to realize the distribution.

In the example shown in FIG. 17, when the control unit 25 determines that the direction in which the number of vacant parking spaces 4 is large is the right direction of the branch point, the control unit 25 corresponds to the right direction as shown in FIG. The light source 21A is turned on, and the light source 21B corresponding to the left direction is turned off. As a result, the light source 21A corresponding to the right direction emits the light 8, and the emitted light 8 is shaped into an arrow-shaped pattern light 81R indicating the right direction by the optical shaping member 22A and irradiated onto the floor surface 10. The light source. At this time, in order to shape the pattern light 81R so that the height of the light shaping member 22A is lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle 7A, the light shaping member 22A passes under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7A toward the parking space 4 and is rearward in the traveling direction of the vehicle 7A. The pattern light 81R can be irradiated on the floor surface 10. As a result, the driver of the following vehicle 7B who visually recognizes the pattern light 81R can determine in advance that he / she should make a right turn at the branch point P.

On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 17, when the control unit 25 determines that the direction in which the number of vacant parking spaces 4 is large is the left direction of the branch point, the control unit 25 moves to the right as shown in FIG. The corresponding light source 21A is turned off and the corresponding light source 21B is turned on in the left direction. As a result, the light source 21B corresponding to the left direction emits the light 8, and the emitted light 8 is shaped into an arrow-shaped pattern light 81L indicating the left direction by the optical shaping member 22B and irradiated onto the floor surface 10. To. At this time, in order to shape the pattern light 81L so that the height of the light shaping member 22B is lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle 7A, the light shaping member 22B passes under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7A toward the parking space 4 and is rearward in the traveling direction of the vehicle 7A. The pattern light 81L can be irradiated on the floor surface 10. As a result, the driver of the following vehicle 7B who visually recognizes the pattern light 81L can determine in advance that the vehicle should turn left at the branch point P.

In the parking lot, a plurality of vehicles 7A and 7B may form a line toward the parking space 4. If a display indicating the course to the parking space 4 is output at a position higher than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicles 7A and 7B in front of the vehicles 7A and 7B in the traveling direction, this display can be visually recognized by the preceding vehicle 7A. The driver of the following vehicle 7B may not be able to see the display until just before the position where the course should be changed according to the display. As a result, the driver of the following vehicle 7B may have to hurry to change the course according to the display that suddenly appears in the field of view, or the course that follows the display without paying attention to the display within a short period of time. There is a risk of changing course in a different direction.

On the other hand, according to the sixth modification, the light 8 is emitted to the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle 7A so as to pass under the vehicle body of the vehicle 7A toward the parking space 4, and the light 8 is emitted rearward in the traveling direction of the vehicle 7A. By irradiating the pattern light 81 instructing the course to the parking space 4 on the floor surface 10 of the vehicle, the driver of the following vehicle 7B is not obstructed by the preceding vehicle 7A in the course toward the parking space 4 by a simple configuration. It can be grasped properly. That is, the parking space can be appropriately guided and displayed by a simple configuration.

(7th variant)
FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing the lighting device 2 according to the seventh modification of the present embodiment. In FIG. 17, an example of the lighting device 2 provided with a plurality of light sources 21A and 21B has been described. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 20, the scanning device 26 may distribute the light 8 from the single light source 21 to the two optical shaping members 22A and 22B. In the example shown in FIG. 20, the scanning device 26 is driven by the driving unit 27, and the driving unit 27 is controlled by the control unit 25 to drive the scanning device 26. As the scanning device 26, for example, a mirror that can rotate around the rotation axis 26a can be used. As the drive unit 27, for example, a motor that rotationally drives the mirror can be used.

Although a large number of modifications applicable to the above-described embodiment have been described above, it is naturally possible to apply a plurality of modifications in combination as appropriate.

2 Lighting device 21 Light source 22 Light shaping member 4 Parking space

Claims (25)

A light source that emits light and is located near the front end of the parking space in the approach direction.
A lighting device including a light shaping member that shapes the light from the light source into light having a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle and emits the light to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the optical shaping member includes an optical element that diffuses, diffracts, and refracts light from the light source. The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the optical shaping member is located between the light source and the optical element, and further has a collimator lens that collimates the light from the light source. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light shaping member shapes light from the light source so as to satisfy the following conditional expression.
θV <θH (1)
However,
θV: Vertical diffusion angle of light emitted from the optical shaping member θH: Horizontal diffusion angle of light emitted from the optical shaping member The lighting device according to claim 4, wherein the light shaping member shapes light from the light source so as to further satisfy the following conditional expression.
θV ≤ 1 ° (2) The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is located in the vicinity of a bollard. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light source has a different light emitting mode depending on the availability of the parking space. A light source that emits light and
A lighting device including a light shaping member that shapes the light from the light source into light having a height lower than the minimum ground height of the vehicle and emits it to the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle toward the parking space. The light shaping member shapes the light from the light source so as to irradiate the floor surface on the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle toward the parking space with the pattern light indicating the course to the parking space. 8. The lighting device according to 8. Equipped with a light guide layer located on the floor on the rear side of the parking space in the approach direction
The light guide layer is an optical member that incidents light emitted to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space at a height lower than the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle, and changes the traveling direction of the incident light to emit the light. The tenth aspect of the present invention, wherein the light guide layer emits light incident from the first side surface side of the light guide layer from the second side surface side of the light guide layer whose surface normal direction is different from that of the first side surface. Optical member. 11. A second aspect of the present invention further comprises a second optical element located on the exit side with respect to the second side surface and performing at least one of diffusion, diffraction and refraction with respect to the light emitted from the second side surface side. The optical member described. The optical member according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising an optical shaping element that is located on the incident side with respect to the first side surface and shapes the light incident from the first side surface side into a predetermined light. The optical member according to claim 10, wherein the light guide layer emits light incident from the side surface side of the light guide layer from the upper surface side of the light guide layer. The optical member according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising a protective layer located on the upper surface side of the light guide layer. The optical member according to any one of claims 10 to 15, further comprising an adhesive layer located on the lower surface side of the light guide layer. The optical member according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the light guide layer changes the traveling direction of the incident light at an angle of 60 ° or more and 120 ° or less. The optical member according to claim 12, wherein the second optical element emits light whose traveling direction is changed at a diffusion angle of 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The optical member according to any one of claims 10 to 18, wherein the light guide layer has a reflective layer that reflects the incident light in a direction different from the incident direction. The reflective layer reflects light incident from the first side surface side of the light guide layer to the second side surface side of the light guide layer whose surface normal direction is different from that of the first side surface.
The optical member according to claim 19, wherein the light guide layer further has a beam structure for reinforcing the light guide path. The light guide layer is provided with an entrance port for light on the first side surface side, an emission port for light on the second side surface side, and a cavity between the entrance port and the emission port.
The reflective layer is located on the inner surface of the cavity and
The optical member according to claim 20, wherein the beam structure is located in the cavity. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A lighting system comprising the optical member according to any one of 10 to 21. The lighting system according to claim 22, wherein the light shaping member of the lighting device shapes the light from the light source into light incident on the side surface of the optical member facing the lighting device. Light is emitted to the rear side in the approach direction of the parking space so as to pass under the vehicle body of the vehicle parked in the parking space.
A lighting method for changing the traveling direction of the emitted light on the rear side of the parking space in the approaching direction. Light is emitted to the rear side in the traveling direction of the vehicle so as to pass under the vehicle body toward the parking space, and a pattern light indicating the course to the parking space is emitted on the floor surface behind the traveling direction of the vehicle. Illumination method.

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