JP2021050986A - Wattmeter relay, cubicle, and electric power system of self-consuming type - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an electric power measuring unit and a relay unit in one apparatus housing and realize "space-saving", etc.SOLUTION: Provided is an electric apparatus 1 connected to a prescribed electrical circuit. An electric power measuring unit 2 for measuring electric power in the prescribed electrical circuit and a relay unit 3 for performing a relay operation in accordance with the measured electric power are provided in one apparatus housing 4. A sensor unit 5 for detecting an electric current in the prescribed electrical circuit is also included. The current value flowing from the sensor unit 5 to a sensor electrical circuit 6 may be 1A or less, and the sensor unit 5 may include an open/close detection tool 7 which is attachable without breaking the prescribed electrical circuit. Further, included is a cubicle having a cubicle support member in which these pieces of electric apparatus 1 are provided. In an electric power system 21, an electric power measuring unit 2 for measuring the electric power of the electrical circuit from a grid K to a load F and a relay unit 3 for performing a relay operation in accordance with the measured electric power are provided in one apparatus housing 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an electric device connected to a predetermined electric circuit, a panel having the electric device, and an electric power system.

Conventionally, an instruction and control system for a generator in a power transmission / distribution system parallel system is known (see Patent Document 1).
The command and control system for this generator has a plurality of individual turbo generators in a command and control system for a plurality of turbo generators, each of which is a controller. Each of the controllers of the plurality of individual turbo generators is operatively connected to the command and control system bus, has a plurality of disconnect switches, and has a plurality of disconnect switches. Each of the individual turbo generator controllers is operatively connected to the command and control system bus, has a bidirectional power meter, and has a plurality of individual turbo generator controllers and the bidirectional power meter. It has a main controller that is operationally connected and controls multiple individual turbo generators in a selected control mode, as well as electrical applications, said power meters, outputs of multiple individual turbo generators, and It has a junction box that operably connects the loads.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-134994

However, the command and control system for a generator described in Patent Document 1 is a relay and a digital power meter between a public power transmission and distribution system in a power transmission and distribution system parallel system and a building load or a system bus. Etc. are installed separately via a current transformer, and there is a problem that the space for installing other devices such as a timed protector and a capacity device is not sufficient.

In view of these points, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric device, a panel, and a power system capable of "saving space" by providing a power measuring unit and a relay unit in one device housing. And.

The electric device 1 according to the present invention is an electric device connected to a predetermined electric circuit, and is a power measuring unit 2 for measuring electric power in the predetermined electric circuit and a relay according to the electric power measured by the electric power measuring unit 2. The first feature is that the relay unit 3 for operation is provided, and the power measurement unit 2 and the relay unit 3 are provided in one device housing 4.

The second feature of the electric device 1 according to the present invention is, in addition to the first feature, a sensor unit 5 for detecting a current in the predetermined electric circuit, and the sensor unit 5 includes the sensor unit 5 and power. A sensor electric circuit 6 for connecting the measurement unit 2 is provided, and the value of the current output from the sensor unit 5 and flowing through the sensor electric circuit 6 is 1 A or less.

The third feature of the electric device 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the above-mentioned first or second feature, the sensor unit 5 can be attached to the predetermined electric circuit without breaking the predetermined electric circuit. Moreover, the opening / closing type detector 7 for detecting the current in the predetermined electric circuit is provided.

Due to these features, by providing the power measurement unit 2 and the relay unit 3 in one device housing 4, "space saving" can be achieved by the amount provided in one device housing 4, and Patent Document 1 Unlike, there is ample space for installing other equipment.
At the same time, the measured power is the reverse power G, and the threshold value of the reverse power G, which is a reference for whether or not the relay operation is performed, is 1% of the received power J (for example, 5.72 kW). In the case of a very small value, as in Patent Document 1, in the case where the relay and the digital power meter are performed by different devices, the minute error generated between the relay and the digital power meter is different, so that "digital power" is used. Despite showing the value that is actually being received (purchased) from the meter side and system K, only the relay side determines that the reverse power G has exceeded the threshold without permission. " In the present invention, since it is determined whether or not the relay operation is performed based on the value of the electric power measured by the electric power measuring unit 2, it can be said that the malfunction as in Patent Document 1 does not occur.
Since such an electric device 1 has both functions of a so-called wattmeter and a relay (relay), it can be said to be a "wattmeter relay".

Further, by setting the current value output from the sensor unit 5 that detects the current in the predetermined electric circuit and flowing through the sensor electric circuit 6 to 1 A (amper) or less, the current value output from the current transformer (CT) Compared with (for example, around 5A), the risk of electric shock to the human body is significantly reduced (“reduction of electric shock risk”).
If a current flows through the human body, the larger the current, the more dangerous it is, and the longer it takes to pass through the human body, the more dangerous it is. The safety limit for electric shock to the human body is 30 mA / sec or 50 mA / sec. It can be said that.

Furthermore, by providing an open / close type detector 7 that can be attached without breaking a predetermined electric circuit, it becomes possible to retrofit the electric circuit in the existing installation board (system board such as a power purchase board, connection portion) 22 or the like, and the existing one can be retrofitted. Build a system that allows the user to consume the power generated by himself / herself by simply purchasing a power plant and connection equipment (distribution system 30'etc.) to the power plant while making the best use of the installation board 22 etc. At the same time that it becomes easier to make "self-consumption type"), it is possible to reduce costs ("self-consumption type cost reduction").
In addition to this, the work load in the self-consumption type is reduced by the amount that the electric circuit does not need to be cleaved (“reduction of the work load in the self-consumption type”).

The first feature of the board according to the present invention is that it has a board support provided with the above-mentioned electric device 1.
The "board support" in the present invention is a board frame body (frame) that supports the board, in addition to the board housing (box-shaped container, casing, etc.) that incorporates devices such as electrical equipment 1 included in the board. The board frame body) is also included, and in this case, it can be said that the devices such as the electric device 1 provided on the board are provided (attached) to the board frame body.
Therefore, the "board" according to the present invention includes not only a so-called "board" in which a device such as an electric device 1 to be provided is built in a board housing and the device is not exposed, but also a device such as the electric device 1 to be provided. It also includes a system that is attached to the frame and the equipment is exposed (so-called "board system").

Due to this feature, by providing the electric device 1 on the board support (distribution frame body 31'etc.) of the board (distribution system 30'etc.), the power measurement unit 2 and the electric circuit in the existing installation board 22 etc. When the relay unit 3 is retrofitted, it is only necessary to add a board having the board support, and the efficiency of the retrofitting work is improved (“improvement of efficiency of the retrofitting work”).

The electric power system 21 according to the present invention is an electric power system having connection portions 22 connected to the system K and the load F, respectively, and is a power generation connection device for connecting the power generation device 23 to the connection portion 22 and the load F. 24, a power measurement unit 2 that measures the electric power in the electric path from the system K to the load F via the connection unit 22, and a relay unit 3 that performs a relay operation according to the electric power measured by the electric power measurement unit 2. The first feature is that the electric power measuring unit 2 and the relay unit 3 are provided in one device housing 4.

Due to this feature, in the power system 21, a power measuring unit 2 that measures the power of the electric line from the system K to the load F and a relay unit 3 that performs a relay operation according to the measured power are provided in one device housing 4. By providing it, "space saving" is achieved in the power system 21 by the amount provided in one device housing 4, and unlike Patent Document 1, other devices are installed in the power system 21. Sufficient space can be secured.
It can be said that such an electric power system 21 is a "self-consumption type electric power system" suitable for consuming the electric power generated by the user of the system 21 by himself / herself.

According to the electric device, the panel, and the power system according to the present invention, "space saving" and the like can be realized by providing the power measuring unit and the relay unit in one device housing.

It is a schematic diagram which illustrates the electric device which concerns on this invention, the electric power system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and a panel (switchboard, etc.). It is a front view which shows the device housing of an electric device. It is a left side view which shows the device housing of an electric device. It is a rear view which shows the device housing of an electric device. It is a schematic diagram which shows the electric device and the attachment to the predetermined electric circuit. It is a schematic diagram which illustrates the electric power system and a panel (switchboard, etc.) which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which illustrates the electric power system and the panel (switchboard, etc.) which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which illustrates the electric power system and the panel (power generation connection panel, etc.) which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Overall configuration of electrical equipment 1>
FIGS. 1 to 8 show the electric device 1 according to the present invention.
The electric device 1 is a device connected to a predetermined electric circuit, and includes a power measurement unit 2 and a relay unit 3, which will be described later.

The electric device 1 may include a sensor unit (so-called current sensor unit) 5 described later.
Here, "connected to a predetermined electric circuit" in the present invention means not only when the electric circuit is directly connected to the electric circuit, but also when the transformer (for example, an instrument described later) is not directly connected to the electric circuit. It is connected via the low-voltage side of the transformer 22b, the low-voltage side of the pillar transformer K', etc., or is a current transformer (for example, the secondary side of the current transformer 22a described later (current transformer for instruments). The case where the sensor unit 5 is connected (attached) via (output from 22a) and the like), and the case where the sensor unit 5 is connected (attached) to the low voltage side of the pole transformer K'is also included.

The electric device 1 digitizes the measured value by the power measuring unit 2 described later and outputs it to the relay unit 3 described later and the control unit 29 of the power system 21 described later by wire or wirelessly by a communication cable 1A or the like. It may have an output unit (not shown).
The electric device 1 may have any value for the measurement interval by the power measurement unit 2 and the output interval (communication speed) of the output unit described above, but for example, the measurement interval and the output interval are 0.1 seconds or less. Alternatively, it may be 0.05 seconds or more and 2.00 seconds or less, 0.75 seconds or more and 1.50 seconds or less, 0.10 seconds or more and 1.00 seconds or less (0.1 seconds or the like).

<Power measurement unit 2>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the power measuring unit 2 is a part that measures the power in the above-mentioned predetermined electric circuit, and it can be said that the electric device 1 has a wattmeter function.
Here, the "electric line" in the present invention is for passing electricity, and includes conductors such as copper, aluminum, silver, gold, and nichrome, cables whose conductors are covered with an insulator, general electric wires, and the like. Including.

The predetermined electric circuit for measuring the electric power by the electric power measuring unit 2 is not particularly limited, but for example, the same three-phase three-wire (3φ3W) as the system K described later supplies electric power of 6600V, 22000V, etc., 60Hz or 50Hz. It may be an electric circuit that supplies electric power such as a single-phase two-wire (1φ2W) or a single-phase three-wire (1φ3W).
More specifically, the predetermined electric circuit for which the electric power measuring unit 2 measures the electric power is, for example, an electric circuit from the system K to the load F via the connecting unit 22 in the electric power system 21 described later (hereinafter, "main electric circuit"). It may be called "M").

The value of the voltage (voltage of the electric circuit as the measurement target) input to the electric device 1 (particularly, the power measuring unit 2 or the like) is not particularly limited, but for example, the electric circuit is three-phase, three-wire or single-phase. If it is 2 wires, it is 110V, 220V, 440V of 60Hz or 50Hz that has passed through a transformer (for example, an instrument transformer 22b or a pole transformer K'described later), or if it is a single-phase 3-wire. , 60 Hz or 50 Hz, 100 V or more and 200 V or less.
Here, in order to input the voltage of the electric circuit as the measurement target to the power measurement unit 2, etc., the electric device 1 is naturally connected to the predetermined electric circuit to be the measurement target.

More specifically, for example, if the electric circuit to be measured is a three-phase three-wire system or a single-phase two-wire system, the electric device 1 is the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 22b described later (the first of the power system 21 described later). If the electric circuit is connected to 1, 2 and 4 (see the first, second and fourth embodiments) and the electric circuit to be measured is a single-phase three-wire system, the electric device 1 is the low-voltage side of the pole transformer K'described later (the electric power system 21 described later). (See Third Embodiment).
The power supply of the electric device 1 is also not particularly limited, but may be shared with the voltage of the electric circuit as the measurement target described above (that is, 110V, 220V, 440V of 60Hz or 50Hz, or 100V or more and 200V or less). It may be DC 100V or 110V.

The power measured by the power measuring unit 2 may be, for example, reverse power G or insufficient power U in the main electric line M, and flows from the system K to the connection unit 22, the load F, or the like in the main electric line M. It can be said that the received power (purchased power, purchased power) J is also included.
Here, the reverse power G is the power that flows back from the connection unit 22 to the system K in the power system 21 described later, and can also be said to be the backflow power G.
Further, the insufficient power U is power representing a shortage of the received power J at the connection portion 22 when a short circuit occurs on the system K side described above, and is generated from the power generation device 23 described above. It can be said that when the force H becomes too large, the insufficient power approaches zero.

The power measurement unit 2 is not particularly limited as long as it can measure electric power, but is, for example, an electronic type, a mechanical type, or a three-phase type (a method of measuring two phases out of three phases and three wires). It may be a single-phase type or a single-phase type.
Hereinafter, the power measurement unit 2 will be described as being mainly an electronic type and a three-phase type.
Only one such power measurement unit 2 may exist in one electric device 1, but a plurality of such power measurement units 2 may exist.

<Relay section 3>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the relay unit 3 is a portion that performs a relay operation according to the power measured by the power measurement unit 2 described above, and the electric device 1 has a relay function (relay function). It can be said that it has.
Here, "according to the power measured by the power measuring unit 2" in the present invention means that the measured power exceeds a predetermined value (threshold value) (exceeds the threshold value) or a predetermined value. When it becomes less than or equal to the value (threshold value) (when it falls below the threshold value), it means that the next relay operation is performed.

If the measured power is the reverse power G, the predetermined threshold value is, for example, 1% or more of the power flowing from the system K into the connection unit 22 (received power J described later) in the power system 21 described later. The power may be% or less (preferably 1.5% or more and 5% or less, 5%, 1%, etc.), or the predetermined threshold value may be 0 kW.
More specifically, for example, when the current value in the power of the three-phase three-wire flowing (received) from the system K into the connection portion 22 is 50 A and the voltage value is 6600 V, the received power J is √. 3 × 50 × 6600 = 571576.766 ... W ≈ 571.6 kW, and 5% of the received power J is 571.6 kW × 0.05 ≈ 28.6 kW. Therefore, this 28.6 kW is A predetermined threshold value may be obtained, or 571.6 kW × 0.01 ≈5.72 kW, which is 1% of the received power J, may be a predetermined threshold value.

Furthermore, "according to the power measured by the power measuring unit 2" is not limited to the case where the next relay operation is immediately performed immediately after the measured power exceeds a predetermined value (threshold value). , Including the case where the next relay operation is performed after a predetermined time has elapsed.
If the measured power is the reverse power G, the predetermined time is, for example, when a reverse power G larger than 5% (28.6 kW, etc.) of the received power J is generated in the power system 21 described later. After the reverse power G of this value is generated, 0.1 seconds or more and 15.0 seconds or less, 0.5 seconds or more and 5.0 seconds or less, 1.0 seconds or more and 2.0 seconds or more ( When 2 seconds have passed since the predetermined time (2.0 seconds, etc.) is reached (that is, the reverse power G is 28.6 kW or more, which is the threshold value), the next relay operation is performed. Become).
Here, in the present invention, "the reverse power G becomes larger than a predetermined value (threshold) (so-called" reverse power generation state C1 ")" means that the reverse power G becomes strictly larger than the threshold (naturally). In addition to the fact that the threshold value is not included), depending on the resolution and settings of the electric device 1, it is permissible to mean that the reverse power G is "greater than or equal to the value that can be regarded as the threshold value". The "value that can be regarded as the threshold value" in the present invention may be set according to the resolution of the electric device 1 or a predetermined value of the insufficient power U. For example, the threshold value and 1 mW, 1 μW, and 1 nW may be set. It may be the sum with such as.

Further, the "relay operation" in the present invention means, for example, in the power system 21 described later, that any one of the electric circuits from the power generation device 23 to the system K is cut off (one of the circuit breakers in the electric circuit is cut off). If the power generation device 23 has a power conditioner 27 (a power conditioner 27 that converts a direct current or an alternating current into an alternating current), the conversion of the power conditioner 27 is stopped, etc. Means.
The circuit breaker may be configured to cut off a signal from the control unit 29 (or the electric device 1), which will be described later, via a trip coil or the like.

The relay unit 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can perform a relay operation according to the power measured by the power measurement unit 2, but for example, a contact type (electromagnetic type) using an electromagnet or a semiconductor element is used. It may be a non-contact type, and if it is an electromagnetic type, for example, a make type (a contact that closes when a current is passed through the electromagnet) or a break type (the contact is closed when a current is passed through the electromagnet). Open, b-contact), transfer type (switching multiple contacts by passing current through the electromagnet, c-contact), ratchet type (switching the opening and closing of contacts each time a current is passed through the electromagnet), and other electromagnets Any configuration such as a polar relay type in which permanent magnets are provided in parallel may be used.

As for such a relay unit 3, only one (one element) may exist in one electric device 1, but a plurality of (plural elements) may exist.
Hereinafter, it is described that the relay unit 3 mainly exists in a plurality (for example, two elements) in one electric device 1.

<Device housing 4>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 (particularly, FIGS. 2 to 4), the device housing 4 is a housing in which the power measurement unit 2 and the relay unit 3 described above are provided (built-in) inside.
If the device housing 4 incorporates the power measurement unit 2 and the relay unit 3, the shape, size, configuration, and the like are not particularly limited. For example, the shape is a substantially cubic shape or a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. And so on.

Regarding the size of the device housing 4, for example, the vertical length is about 72 mm × the left-right length is about 72 mm in the front view, the vertical length is about 67 mm × the left-right length is about 67 mm, and the front-rear length is 85 mm in the rear view. It can be said that it is very small.
The device housing 4 may have a display unit 4a for displaying the value of the electric power measured by the power measurement unit 2 described above, and the display unit 4a also has a shape, size, position, configuration, and the like. The shape is not particularly limited, but for example, the shape may be substantially rectangular or substantially square.

The size of the display unit 4a of the device housing 4 may be, for example, a vertical length of about 57 mm × a horizontal length of about 57 mm when viewed from the front, and the position of the display unit 4a may be, for example, the device housing 4 It may be provided in front of.
The content displayed on the display unit 4a is not only the value of the power measured by the power measurement unit 2, but also the integrated power (that is, the amount of power) of the power, a number indicating the mode and the state, and the like. You may.

The device housing 4 may have an operation unit 4b, and the operation unit 4b is also not particularly limited in terms of its configuration, role, position, etc., but for example, a plurality of buttons may be provided. Absent.
The role of the operation unit 4b is, for example, a button for turning on / off the display unit 4a (display button), a reset button for resetting the electric device 1, and a button for selecting a mode or state (“+” button or “-””. It may be a button, etc.) or a set button that determines (sets) the selected mode, etc.
The position of such an operation unit 4b may also be provided, for example, on the front surface of the device housing 4 below the display unit 4a described above.

The device housing 4 may have a terminal portion (terminal block) 4c, and the number and position of the terminal portions 4c are not particularly limited, but for example, one device housing 4 may be used. One terminal portion 4c or a plurality of (three or the like) terminal portions 4c may be provided.
Regarding the position of the terminal portion 4c, for example, a terminal portion 4c having a short left-right length from the left end is provided on the left side of the lower half on the back surface of the device housing 4, and a terminal portion 4c having a short left-right length from the left end is provided on the right side of the lower half on the back surface. The next short terminal portion 4c may be provided, and the upper half on the back surface may be provided with long terminal portions 4c on the left and right extending from the left end to the right end.

<Sensor unit 5>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the sensor unit 5 is a portion that detects a current in the predetermined electric circuit described above, and can be said to be a current sensor unit 5.
The sensor unit 5 may include a sensor electric circuit 6 described later and an open / close type detector 7.

The sensor unit 5 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the current in a predetermined electric circuit, and may be, for example, a fluxgate type (open loop type, closed loop type, etc.) or a Hall element type (open loop type). , Closed loop type, etc.), CT (Current Transformer) type, Rogowski coil type, etc. may be used.
The flow change ratio between the primary side (predetermined electric circuit side) and the secondary side (output side from the sensor unit 5) of the sensor unit 5 is also not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10: 1 or more and 5000: 1. It may be 100: 1 or more and 4000: 1 or less, or (3000: 1 or the like).

That is, if the flow change ratio between the primary side and the secondary side in the sensor unit 5 is 3000: 1, the current value flowing in the electric circuit to be measured is output from the sensor unit 5 even if it is very large, for example, 150A. The current value is about 0.05A (50mA) or the like.
The detectable range of the sensor unit 5 is also not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.01 A or more and 5.00 A or less, or 1 A or more and 200 A or less.

Such a sensor unit 5 may be attached to any position with respect to the electric circuit as long as it can detect the current in a predetermined electric circuit. For example, the current transformer 22a for an instrument, which will be described later, 2 The main electric circuit M from the system K to the load F via the connection unit 22 (see the second embodiment of the electric power system 21 described later) or on the next side (see the first and fourth embodiments of the electric power system 21 described later). Or it may be attached to the low-voltage side of the pole transformer K'described later (see the third embodiment of the electric power system 21 described later).
The sensor unit 5 is attached directly to the main electric circuit M, or the sensor unit 5 is attached to the secondary side of the instrument current transformer 22a, so that the sensor unit 5 even detects the current value of the main electric circuit M. If possible, since the voltage value (potential) of the main electric line M is the same potential as the system K (6600 V, 22000 V, etc.), the current value of the main electric line M and the voltage value of the main electric line M detected by the sensor unit 5 It can be said that the product of these is the selling power (reverse power G) flowing through the system K measured by the power measuring unit 2 which is the power in the main electric line M, and the buying power (received power J) flowing from the system K.

This also applies when the sensor unit 5 is connected to the low voltage side of the pillar transformer (step-down transformer) K', and even the current value of the sensor unit 5 on the low voltage side of the pillar transformer K' If it can be detected, the power will be almost the same on the high voltage side and low voltage side of the pillar transformer K'(if iron loss, copper loss, etc. are ignored), so the low voltage of the pillar transformer K'by the detection of the sensor unit 5 The product of the current value on the side and the voltage value on the low voltage side of the pillar transformer K'is the power in the system K (the selling power (reverse power G) flowing through the system K measured by the power measuring unit 2 and the system K). It can also be said that it is the purchased power (received power J) that flows in from.
Only one such sensor unit 5 may exist in one electric device 1, but a plurality of such sensor units 5 may also exist.
Hereinafter, it is described that a plurality of sensor units 5 (for example, two) are mainly present in one electric device 1.

<Sensor electric circuit 6>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the sensor electric circuit 6 is an electric circuit connecting the sensor unit 5 and the power measurement unit 2 described above.
The value of the current flowing through the sensor electric path 6 and being output from the sensor unit 5 may not be particularly limited, but is also related to the flow change ratio between the primary side and the secondary side in the sensor unit 5 described above. For example, it may be 1A or less.

That is, the upper limit of the output current is, for example, 1 A (1000 mA) or less, preferably 500 mA or less, more preferably 100 mA or less, still more preferably 50 mA or less (several mA, 1 mA or more and 20 mA or less, etc.). It may be.
On the other hand, the lower limit of the output current is also not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.001 mA or more, preferably 0.010 mA or more, more preferably 0.100 mA or more, and even more preferably 0.500 mA or more. Is also good.

The upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output current described so far may be combined with each other, for example, 0.001 mA or more and 1000 mA or less, or 0.001 mA or more and 500 mA or less.
Based on the current value flowing through the sensor electric path 6, the power measuring unit 2 calculates the current value flowing through the predetermined electric path to be measured, and the power measuring unit 2 (electrical device 1) passes through the instrument transformer 22b or the like. It can be said that the power measuring unit 2 measures the electric power in the predetermined electric line by applying the voltage value of the predetermined electric line input to.

<Open / close type detector 7>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the open / close type detector 7 is a detector that can be attached to the above-mentioned predetermined electric circuit without breaking the predetermined electric circuit.
That is, the open / close type detector 7 can be easily retrofitted by opening and closing by itself without opening the predetermined electric circuit to be measured.

At the same time, since the open / close type detector 7 is a detector that detects a current in a predetermined electric circuit, if the sensor unit 5 is a fluxgate type, a Hall element type, or the like described above, the fluxgate or Hall It can be said that it is the part that has the element itself.
The open / close type detector 7 may have any shape and configuration as long as it can be attached without breaking the predetermined electric circuit and detects the current in the predetermined electric circuit. For example, the open / close type detector 7 may be attached. The housing of the above is substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and may have a hole (electric circuit hole) penetrating the middle portion of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped.

In this case, a predetermined electric circuit to be measured enters the electric circuit hole of the housing of the open / close type detector 7, and the other end side opens and closes with one end side of the portion surrounding the electric wire hole as an axis.
That is, after opening the other end side of the housing of the open / close type detector 7 and arranging a predetermined electric circuit to be measured in the electric circuit hole, the other end side of the housing is closed.
Further, the open / close type detector 7 may have a fixing member such as a stopper for fixing a predetermined electric circuit.

<Mounting of the open / close type detector 7 to a predetermined electric circuit>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 (particularly, FIG. 5), in the open / close type detector 7, for example, the predetermined electric circuit to be measured is a three-phase three-wire (3φ3W) electric circuit (mainly) such as 6600V or 22000V. If it is an electric circuit M, an electric circuit of 110V, 220V, 440V, etc. that has passed through a pole transformer K', an electric circuit on the secondary side of the current transformer 22a for an instrument, etc.), the open / close type detector 7 (sensor unit 5). ) May be attached to 2 out of 3 wires.
In this case, of course, one electric device 1 has two open / close type detectors 7 (sensor unit 5).

Here, the open / close type detector 7 shields the electric field from the terminal portion M1 through the electric field relaxation portion M2, not in the vicinity of the exposed terminal portion M1 in each cable of the two wires out of the three wires of the main electric line M. It will be attached to the (shielded) part M3.
The length from the terminal portion M1 to the electric field relaxation portion M2 of the cable varies depending on the voltage value of the cable. For example, a high voltage cable such as 6600V or 22000V becomes longer, and 110V, 220V, 440V, or 100V. If the cable has a low voltage such as 200 V or less, the length will be shorter.

The actual thickness of each cable is not particularly limited, but for a high-voltage cable, for example, 38 sq (thickness including coating (insulation coating with vinyl chloride resin) is about 13.0 mm). If it is a low-voltage cable, it may be 100 sq (the thickness including the coating is about 19.5 mm).
Up to this point, the predetermined electric circuit to be measured by the open / close type detector 7 has been a three-phase three-wire (3φ3W), but in addition to this, if it is a single-phase three-wire (1φ3W), the open / close type detection The tool 7 (sensor unit 5) may be attached to 2 wires out of 3 wires, and in the case of a single-phase 2-wire (1φ2W), the open / close type detector 7 (sensor unit 5) may be attached to 1 wire out of 2 wires. It can be a line.

<Power system 21 of the first embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows the electric power system 21 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The electric power system 21 has a connection unit 22 described later, a power generation connection device 24, and the electric device 1 described above. It can be said that the power system 21 of the first embodiment is a CB power receiving type (a type having a high voltage circuit breaker (VCB) 22a) that receives high voltage power having a capacity exceeding 300 kVA.

The electric power system 21 includes a power generation device 23 and a power conditioner 27, which will be described later, and a control unit 29, which controls the connection unit 22 and the power conditioner 27 (power generation device 23) described above.
It can be said that the connection unit 22 described above is connected to the power conditioner 27, the system K, and the load F, respectively. Here, the system K will be described below.

<System K>
As shown in FIG. 1, the system K is also called a commercial power system, and is a system that integrates power generation, substation, power transmission, and distribution for supplying electric power to a consumer's power receiving equipment.
The system K is a three-phase three-wire system (3φ3W) and supplies electric power of 6600V, 22000V, etc., 60Hz, 50Hz, etc. from a substation of an electric power company. In addition, after the pole transformer K'in the third embodiment of the electric power system 21 described later, electric power such as single-phase two-wire (1φ2W) or 1φ3W (single-phase three-wire) may be supplied.
Such a system K is first connected to the connecting portion 22, and then the connecting portion 22 and the like will be described below.

<Connection part (system board) 22 etc.>
As shown in FIG. 1, the connection unit 22 is a portion having a device to be connected to the system K described above, and the connection unit 22 is a system board 22 such as a power purchase board or an existing installation board. It can be said that there is. The equipment of such a system board 22 is built in the board support (system board housing) 22'.
The system board 22 may have any configuration as long as it is connected to the system K and the equipment of the system board 22 is built in the system board housing 22'. For example, a vacuum circuit breaker ( Even if it is equipped with a circuit breaker (so-called system circuit breaker) 22a such as VCB), a high-voltage circuit breaker, a lightning arrester (SAR), an instrument transformer (VT, Voltage Transformer, so-called voltage transformer) 22b, etc. good.

The system circuit breaker 22a in the system board 22 may be configured to cut off a signal from the control unit 29 (or the above-mentioned electric device 1) described later via a trip coil or the like.
Since such a system circuit breaker 22a is provided in the system board 22 (system board housing 22'), an electric path (in other words, paraphrase) between the power generation device 23 (power conditioner 27) and the system K, which will be described later. Then, the electric circuit in the system board 22 of the main electric lines M from the system K to the load F via the system board 22) is cut off.

As described above, the potential in the main electric circuit M may be the same as the potential in the system K (6600V, 22000V, etc.), and the load F described later has a transformer (step-down transformer) F1. In this case, it can be said that the electric circuit connecting the transformer F1 (high voltage side) and the system board 22 is a part of the main electric circuit M.
A power generation connection device 24 (particularly, a branch electric circuit 25), which will be described later, may be connected to the main electric circuit M.

The instrument transformer 22b in the system board 22 is closer to the system K than the above-mentioned system circuit breaker 22a (system K) between the power generation device 23 (power conditioner 27) and the system K, which will be described later, and in the electric circuit in the system board 22. It is provided in the electric circuit (on the side closer to).
In such an instrument transformer 22b, the high-voltage side thereof is an electric circuit closer to the system K (closer to the system K) than the system circuit breaker 22a, and a branch electric circuit (transformed branch) from the branch point (transformed branch point) 22c in the electric circuit. It is connected via the electric circuit) 22d, and the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 22b is connected to the above-mentioned electric device 1 and the power generation meter described later.

The configuration of the instrument transformer 22b in the system board 22 is also not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a configuration in which 6600V, 22000V, or the like is stepped down to 110V or the like.
In the system board 22, a high-voltage current limiting fuse (PF, Power Fuse) may be provided in the electric circuit between the instrument transformer 22b and the transformation branch point 22c.

<Other equipment in system board 22>
As shown in FIG. 1, the system board 22 also includes a circuit breaker (so-called retractable circuit breaker, high-voltage switch) 22e, a current transformer for instruments (so-called high-voltage system current transformer) 22f, and an excess. Even if a current relay (so-called power receiving OCR) 22 g and an instrument transformer current transformer (so-called high-voltage current transformer, which can be said to form a part of a trading meter 22h') 22h are provided. good.
Furthermore, the system board 22 is provided with an undervoltage relay, an overvoltage relay, an undervoltage relay (also referred to as a frequency reduction relay), an overfrequency relay, a watt-hour meter, and a pillar-mounted air switch. You may be.

The disconnecting switch (DS, Disconnecting Switch) 22e in the system board 22 is a device that opens and closes the circuit in the power system 21 and the circuit in the power system 21 in a state where no current is flowing. , There is no function to cut off the current, and the disconnector is opened and closed after the current is cut off by another circuit breaker (system circuit breaker 22a, power generation circuit breaker 34, etc.).
The disconnector 22e may have any configuration as long as the circuit can be opened and closed while no current is flowing. For example, the disconnector 22e has a branch point (transformation branch point) 22c to the instrument transformer 22b described above. It may be provided in the electric circuit between the system K.

The current transformer (CT) 22f in the system board 22 is located between the power generation device 23 and the system K, which will be described later, and in the electric circuit in the system board 22 (the electric circuit in the system board 22 in the main electric line M). , It is provided in the electric circuit closer to the power generation device 23 (the side closer to the power generation device 23) than the system breaker 22a described above.
The configuration of such an instrument transformer 22f is also not particularly limited, but for example, the sensor unit 5 of the above-mentioned electric device 1 is attached to the output side (secondary side) of the instrument transformer 22f. Alternatively, the electrical device 1 may be directly connected.
An overcurrent relay (OCR, Over Current Relay) 22g is connected to the instrument transformer 22f.

The instrument transformer (VCT, Combined Voltage and Current Transformer) 22h in the system panel 22 is a device that combines an instrument transformer (VT) and an instrument transformer (CT) into one, and is a system. It is a device that measures the current and voltage that flows from K to the system board 22 (or flows out to the system K), and the power meter is combined with the above-mentioned instrument transformer current transformer 22h and is used from the system K to the system board. It is a device that measures the amount of power flowing into the system 22 (or flowing out from the system board 22 to the system K), and can be said to be a trading meter.
The instrument transformer 22h may have any configuration as long as it can measure the current and voltage flowing from the system K into the system panel 22, but for example, the instrument transformer 22h may have any configuration. It may be provided in the electric circuit between the above-mentioned circuit breaker 22e and the system K.

In addition, when the undervoltage relay (which may be the above-mentioned electric device 1) is provided on the system board 22, the undervoltage relay (UVR, Under Voltage Relay) is a relay that detects the undervoltage U. Any configuration may be used as long as the undervoltage U can be detected, and for example, it may be connected to the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 22b described above.
When the undervoltage U detected by the undervoltage relay or the like becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value (a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined voltage (for example, 100V, 200V, etc.) from 6600V, 22000V, etc.), the control unit 29 described later describes the above. Any circuit breaker (system circuit breaker 22a, power generation circuit breaker 34, etc.) from the power generation device 23 (power conditioner 27) to the system K may be interrupted, but this circuit breaker is the reverse power generation state described above. It can be said that the priority is lower than when it becomes C1.
When the undervoltage relay or the like detects an undervoltage U and the above-mentioned circuit breaker is cut off by hardware (for example, via a trip coil or the like), the undervoltage relay or the like itself will be described later. It can also be said that the control unit 29 is used.

When the system board 22 is provided with an overvoltage relay, the overvoltage relay (OVR) is a relay that detects overvoltage, and may have any configuration as long as it can detect overvoltage. However, for example, it may be connected to the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 22b described above.
When the overvoltage detected by the overvoltage relay exceeds a predetermined value (a value obtained by adding a predetermined voltage (for example, 100V, 200V, etc.) from 6600V, 22000V, etc.), the power generation device 23 described above is used by the control unit 29 described later. Any circuit breaker from (power conditioner 27) to system K may be cut off, but it can be said that this cutoff also has a lower priority than the case where the reverse power generation state C1 described above is reached.
When the overvoltage relay detects an overvoltage and the above-mentioned circuit breaker is cut off in terms of hardware, it can be said that the overvoltage relay itself is the control unit 29 described later.

When the system board 22 is provided with a shortage frequency relay, this shortage frequency relay (UFR, Under Frequency Relay) is a relay that detects the shortage frequency, and any configuration can be used as long as the shortage frequency can be detected. It may be present, but for example, it may be connected to the low pressure side of the instrument transformer 22b described above.
When the shortage frequency detected by the shortage frequency relay becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value (a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined frequency (for example, 1 Hz or more and 10 Hz or less) from 60 Hz, 50 Hz, etc.) Any circuit breaker from the power generation device 23 (power conditioner 27) to the system K may be cut off, but it can be said that this cutoff also has a lower priority than the case where the reverse power generation state C1 described above is reached. ..
When the shortage frequency is detected by the shortage frequency relay and the above-mentioned circuit breaker is cut off by hardware, it can be said that the shortage frequency relay itself is the control unit 29 described later.

When the system board 22 is provided with an overfrequency relay, this overfrequency relay (OFR, Over Frequency Relay) is a relay that detects overfrequency, and any configuration can be used as long as it can detect overfrequency. It may be present, but for example, it may be connected to the low pressure side of the instrument transformer 22b described above.
When the overfrequency detected by the overfrequency relay exceeds a predetermined value (a value obtained by adding a predetermined frequency (for example, 1 Hz or more and 10 Hz or less) from 60 Hz, 50 Hz, etc.), the control unit 29 described later describes the above. Any circuit breaker from the power generation device 23 to the system K may be cut off, but it can be said that this cutoff also has a lower priority than the case where the reverse power generation state C1 described above is reached.
When an overfrequency is detected by the overfrequency relay and the above-mentioned circuit breaker is cut off by hardware, it can be said that the overfrequency relay itself is also the control unit 29 described later.

When the system board 22 is provided with a watt-hour meter, the watt-hour meter may have any configuration as long as it can measure the amount of power when flowing from the system K to the system board 22. For example, the measured values of the current and the voltage connected to the transformer transformer 22h for the instrument and output from the transformer transformer 22h for the instrument are input, and the value obtained by multiplying the current and the voltage (voltage and current). The product) may be integrated to measure the amount of power.
Here, it can be said that the watt-hour meter is for purchasing power when measuring the amount of power flowing from the system board K to the system board 22, and conversely, it is sold when measuring the amount of power flowing out from the system board 22 to the system board K. It can be said that it is electric. It should be noted that this watt-hour meter may be a class B electrical appliance specified by the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Law.

When the pole air switch is provided on the system board 22, the pole air switch (PAS, Pole Air Switches) is a device used to open / close the demarcation point of responsibility between the power system 21 and the system K. Is.
The pole-mounted air switch may have any configuration as long as it can open and close the demarcation point of responsibility between the power system 21 and the system K. For example, the system with the above-mentioned instrument transformer transformer 22h. It may be provided in the electric circuit between K.

<Board support (system board housing) 22'>
As shown in FIG. 1, the system board housing 22'which is a system support is a housing in which the equipment of the system board 22 described above is built, and is one power system 21 (or a power generation device 23 described later). In, it can be said that there is only one (there is only one system board 22) because it is connected to the system K.
The system board housing 22'may have any configuration as long as it incorporates the equipment of the system board 22, but may be formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, for example.

<Load F, Load power D>
As shown in FIG. 1, the load F consumes the received power J from the system K via the connection portion (system board) 22, the generated power H output from the power generation device 23 (power conditioner 27), and the like. The power consumed by such a load F is referred to as a load power (which can also be said to be power consumption) D.
The load F may have any configuration as long as it consumes the received power J and the generated power H. For example, the load F may be a lighting (light load equipment) F in a factory or an industrial motor (IM) in a factory or the like. , Industrial Motor, power load equipment) F, or an illumination distribution board connected to a plurality of the above-mentioned illuminations F.

The load F may be an air conditioner in a building such as a house or a building, a fluorescent lamp, a home appliance, a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a gasoline vehicle, or an equipment in the vehicle, in addition to the equipment in the factory.
In addition, the load F has a transformer (so-called step-down transformer) F1 that transforms (steps down) the received power J (or the generated power H from the power conditioner 27) from the system K via the system board 22. Or have a high-voltage AC load switch (LBS, Load Break Switch) F2 in the electric circuit between the transformer F1 and the system board 22 (or power conditioner 27), or the transformer F1 and the above. A molded case circuit break (MCCB) F3 may be provided in an electric circuit or the like between the industrial motor (or lighting) F and the like.
The circuit breaker F3 for wiring may have a fuse such as a high-voltage current limiting fuse.

The configuration of the transformer F1 in the load F is also not particularly limited, but for example, in the case of an industrial motor (for power), 6600V, 22000V, etc. are stepped down to 440V, 210V, etc. with a three-phase three-wire (3φ3W). If it is for lighting (for electric lamps), it may be configured to step down 6600V, 22000V, etc. to 105V or more and 210V or less with a single-phase three-wire (1φ3W).
The load F does not have to be provided with such a transformer F1. In this case, another transformer is provided on the system panel 22 side, or the output from the power generation device 23 (power conditioner 27) is output. , It may be configured to be directly connected to the load F without going through the transformer F1.

<Power consumption (load power) D of load F, its calculation and change>
The power consumed by the entire load F is the load power D, which is consumed not only by the total power consumed by each load F itself, but also by the power loss in the transformer F1 and the lighting distribution board. Power may be included.
The number of loads F may be one or more, but even if the load F is one, if the transformer F1 is also possessed, the power including the power loss is the load. It becomes electric power D.

In this way, it is difficult in terms of hardware to directly measure the power consumption of one or more loads F and calculate the total load power D including the power loss, and the load is accurate. It can be said that it is difficult to measure the power D.
Therefore, by calculating the load power D from the sum of the received power J and the generated power H, it is not necessary to directly measure the load power D, and the measurement of the received power J and the generated power H has a simple hardware structure. It can be said that it is easy to measure and the accuracy is improved.
It is the above-mentioned electric device 1 that measures the received power J (including the reverse power G and the insufficient power U) that is the basis for calculating the load power D, and the power generation that measures the power generation H. Its use for use will be described later.

The power consumption (load power) D of the load F varies depending on the time of day, night, etc., the number of lamp load equipment F used, and the type and number of power load equipment F used in the factory, etc. Since it changes depending on the purpose of the work and the like, the load power D naturally changes such as decreasing or increasing.
The power generation device 23 can generate power H or the like that is as close as possible to the load power D that changes in this way (in other words, the control unit 29, which will be described later, makes the limiting coefficient A (t) as close to 100% as possible). For example, it is desirable that the received power (purchased power) J is suppressed as much as possible (cost can be reduced).

On the other hand, when the power generation device 23 is generating power generation H or the like as close as possible to the load power D, when the load power D decreases, the power generation power for controlling the power conditioner 27 to reduce the power generation H is reduced. Even if the target value TH of H is given, the actual power generation H does not decrease immediately (the decrease in the power generation H is delayed). Therefore, the power generation H becomes larger than the load power D by the delay, and the reverse power G (Power that cannot be consumed by the load F flows to the system K) needs to be suppressed.
The power generation connection device 24 for connecting the power generation device 23, which will be described later, to the load F and the system board 22 described so far will be described below.

<Power generation connection device 24 and electrical device 1>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation connection device 24 is a device that connects the power generation device 23, which will be described later, to the connection portion (system board) 22 and the load F described above. Further, the above-mentioned electric device 1 can also be said to be a separate device for connecting the power generation device 23 together with the power generation connection device 24, and thus will be described here.
The power generation connection device 24 may have any configuration as long as the power generation device 23 is connected to the system board 22 and the load F. For example, the power generation connection device 24 may be provided with a branch electric circuit 25, and other power generation. A power meter (not shown), a power generation circuit breaker 34 (see FIG. 8), a power generation transformer 35 (see FIG. 8), and the like may be provided.

<Branch line 25>
As shown in FIG. 1, the branch electric line 25 is an electric line that enables the power generation device 23 described later to be connected to the above-mentioned system board 22 and the load F. For example, the material thereof is a vinyl insulated wire for electric equipment or the like. There may be.
The branch electric circuit 25 (in other words, the power generation connection device 24) may be connected to the load F only via the wiring breaker (MCCB) 25'without passing through the transformer F1 described above. It may be possible to connect to the main electric circuit M (in this case, the potential in the branch electric circuit 25 is the same high voltage as the electric potential in the main electric circuit M and the system K (6600V, 22000V, etc.)).
That is, one end side of the branch electric circuit 25 is directly connected to the load F or is connected to the main electric circuit M (an electric circuit at any position between the system board 22 and the load F), and the other end of the branch electric circuit 25. The side may be connected to the output side of the power generation device 23 (the output side (low voltage side) of the transformer 28). In addition, a plurality of branch electric lines 25 may exist in one electric power system 21.

<Electrical equipment 1, reverse power G, received power J>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the electric device 1 measures the reverse power G, and if the measured reverse power G is larger than a predetermined threshold value, it can be said that the electric device 1 is a device that performs a relay operation.
Here, as described above, the reverse power G is the power that flows back from the connection portion 22 to the system K in the power system 21, and can also be said to be the backflow power G.
When the reverse power G measured by the electric device 1 becomes larger than a predetermined threshold value (so-called "reverse power generation state C1"), the control unit 29 described later performs a relay operation from the power generation device 23 described later to the system K. Any of the above circuit breakers (power generation circuit breaker 34, system circuit breaker 22a, etc.) may be interrupted, or the conversion of the power conditioner 27 described later may be stopped.
When the reverse power G larger than a predetermined threshold value is measured by the electric device 1, when the above-mentioned circuit breaker is cut off by hardware (for example, via a trip coil or the like), the electric device 1 itself. However, it can be said that the control unit 29 will be described later.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, it can be said that the electric device 1 is a device that measures the received power J as well as the reverse power G.
Here, the received power J is the power received from the system K described above to the system board 22, and can be said to be the received power (purchased power) J.

<Other devices in the power generation connection device 24>
The power generation meter is a power meter that measures the power generation H, and may be provided as a power generation connection device 24.
Here, the generated power H is the power output from the power generation device 23 described later, and can be said to be the generated power H.

The power generation meter may have any configuration as long as it can measure the power generation H. For example, the power generation meter can be connected to the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 22b built in the system board 22 described above, and , May be connected to the output side of the power generation transformer 35 provided in the branch electric circuit 25, which will be described later.
Such a wattmeter is, for example, an overcurrent relay (OCR, Over Current Relay, so-called power generation OCR) connected to a power generation transformer 35 described later, or an ammeter connected to the overcurrent relay (so-called so-called). For example, an overcurrent ammeter), a wattmeter connected to the output side of this ammeter and the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 22b described above (also called a wattmeter in a narrow sense), and digitized values measured from this wattmeter. The configuration may also include an output unit that outputs to the control unit 29 in the same manner.

The output from the power conditioner 27 described later is controlled by the control unit 29 described later based on the value of the generated power H measured by the power generation meter and the received power J measured by the electric device 1 described above. ..
The output side (high voltage side) of the transformer 28 in the power generation device 23 described later is connected to the branch electric circuit 25 described above. In this case, the measured value of the power generation meter which is the output from the transformer 28 is used. , The generated power H output from the power generation device 23 is assumed to be.
When the control unit 29 is provided inside the power distribution system 30'etc., which will be described later, the value of the power generation H measured by the power generation meter is the control unit by wire or wirelessly by the communication cable 1A or the like. It may be output to 29.

The power generation circuit breaker 34 is a circuit breaker such as a high-pressure AC load switch (LBS, Load Break Switch) that cuts off the branch electric circuit 25 (that is, between the power generation device 23 and the system K).
The power generation circuit breaker 34 may have any configuration as long as it cuts off the branch electric circuit 25. For example, the power generation circuit breaker 34 may be rotatable in the front-rear direction in order to improve maintainability, which will be described later. A signal from the control unit 29 (or the electric device 1) may be cut off via a capacitor tripping power supply device, which will be described later, a tripping coil, or the like.
By shutting off the power generation circuit breaker 34, the system circuit breaker 22a described above, or the like, it can be said that the power generation H is not output from the power generation device 23, or the current does not flow from the system board 22 to the system K.

In addition, the power generation connection device 24 may be provided with a capacitor tripping power supply device and a cable bracket.
Furthermore, the power generation connection device 24 may be provided with an insufficient power relay.

The capacitor tripping power supply device (CTD, Condenser Trip Device) in the power generation connection device 24 uses the energy generated when the AC input voltage is rectified and discharged to the capacitor to trip the high-voltage AC load switch or vacuum circuit breaker. The branch electric circuit 25 is cut off by the power generation circuit breaker 34 described above by the capacitor tripping power supply device.
In this case, it can be said that the capacitor stripping power supply device receives the signal from the control unit 29 (or the electric device 1) described later and cuts off the branch electric circuit 25 by the power generation circuit breaker 34.

<Electrical equipment 1, insufficient power U>
Since the electric device 1 includes two relay units 3 as described above, it also measures the shortage power U in the main electric circuit M, and when the measured shortage power U approaches 0, it can also be used as a device that performs a relay operation. Can be used for both purposes.
Here, the insufficient power U is, as described above, the electric power representing the insufficient amount of the received power J in the system board (connection portion) 22 when a short circuit occurs on the system K side. It can be said that when the power generated from the power generation device 23 described above becomes too large, the insufficient power approaches zero.
When the shortage power measured by the electric device 1 approaches 0 (so-called "shortage power substantially zero state C2"), the control unit 29 described later stops the conversion of the power conditioner 27 described above, or stops the conversion of the power conditioner 27 described above. Any circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker 34, system circuit breaker 22a, etc.) in the electric circuit from the power generation device 23 to the system K described above may be cut off.
When the shortage power measured by the electric device 1 approaches 0 and the above-mentioned circuit breaker is cut off in terms of hardware (for example, via a trip coil or the like), the electric device 1 itself is used. It can also be said that the control unit 29 will be described later.
Here, "the shortage power U approaches 0 (zero)" in the present invention means that the shortage power U is "greater than 0W (watt) (that is, does not include 0W)" and "less than or equal to a value near 0W". The "value near 0W" in the present invention may be a value larger than 0W, and may be set to a predetermined insufficient power value according to the resolution of the electric device 1. It does not matter, and may be, for example, 1 kW (1000 W), 1 W, 1 mW, 1 μW, or the like.

<Power generation device 23>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation device 23 according to the present invention is a device that generates power, and its output side is connected via the above-mentioned power generation connection device 24 and the above-mentioned electric device 1 (system board). ) 22 and a device that can be connected to the load F.
The configuration of the power generation device 23 is not particularly limited as long as it generates power, but for example, it may be a solar power generation plant (photovoltaic power generation device) 23'that generates power with a solar cell 26'described later, or wind power. , A device that generates electricity with a motor (generator) that is rotated by wave power (tide power), hydraulic power, thermal power, geothermal power, etc. (wind power generation plant, etc.) It may mean any of them.

The motor in the wind power generation plant or the like may be either an AC motor or a DC motor.
The power generation device 23 may include a power generation unit 26, a power conditioner 27, a transformer 28, and a control unit 29.

Such a power generation device 23 is connected to the system board 22 and the load F described above via the power generation connection device 24 and the electric device 1.
Hereinafter, the power generation device 23 will be described as being mainly a solar power generation device (photovoltaic power plant) 23'.

<Solar power plant 23'etc.>
As shown in FIG. 1, in addition to having the power system 21 described above, the photovoltaic power generation plant 23'has a power conditioner 27, a transformer 28, and a switchboard support 31 (particularly, a power distribution frame body 31'), which will be described later. It is also possible to have a switchboard 30 (particularly, a power distribution system 30') provided with the above.
In the photovoltaic power plant 23', the above-mentioned power distribution system 30'is connected to the system K having a steel tower, a utility pole, or the like at the end via the above-mentioned power generation connection device 24, the electric device 1, the system board 22, the distribution cable, or the like. It is connected.

The photovoltaic power generation plant 23'may have a plurality of solar cells 26', a power distribution system 30', and the like.
Further, when there are a plurality of solar cells 26', the photovoltaic power generation plant 23'may have a plurality of junction boxes (with a breaker or the like) that conduct with each predetermined number of the plurality of solar cells 26'. Instead, each power distribution system 30'is electrically connected to these plurality of junction boxes, but the function of this junction box may be built into the power distribution system 30'. In this case, each power distribution system 30'is It will be directly conductive with each predetermined number of the plurality of solar cells 26'.

The solar cells 26', the power distribution system 30', etc. are arranged according to the size and shape of the land to be installed. For example, the power generation of one power distribution system 30'(per power conditioner 27) can be calculated, for example. It may be 100 kW or more and 180 kW or less, 50 kW or more and 120 kW or less, 30 kW or more and 50 kW or less (or less than 50 kW), and may be a photovoltaic power generation plant 23'provided with a plurality of power distribution systems 30'.
The weight of the power distribution system 30'is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.1 ton or more and 5.0 ton or less, that is, 100 kg or more and 5000 kg or less, preferably 150 kg or more and 2000 kg or less, and further. Preferably, it may be 200 kg or more and 1000 kg or less (350 kg or the like).
Hereinafter, the power generation unit 26 of the power generation device 23 including the photovoltaic power generation plant 23'will be described as being mainly a solar cell 26'.

<Power generation unit 26>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation unit 26 is a part that actually generates power, and if the power generation device 23 is a photovoltaic power generation plant 23', the solar cell 26'is the power generation unit 26 and the power generation device. If 23 is a wind power generation plant or the like that generates electricity with a motor rotated by wind power or the like, the motor is the power generation unit 26.

<Solar cell 26'>
As shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell 26'may have a panel shape (flat plate shape) or the like, and when irradiated with light, a direct current is applied between the positive electrode (+ pole) and the negative electrode (-pole). Electric power is generated, and the average of the generated electric power is 100 W or more and 400 W or less (for example, 250 W).
Of these, the positive pole of one solar cell 26'is connected to the negative pole of another solar cell 26', and the positive pole of another solar cell 26'is connected to the negative pole of another solar cell 26'. Hereinafter, this is repeated, and a plurality of (for example, 5 to 20) solar cells 26'are connected in series to form one solar cell string.

In this way, the voltage between the positive pole (power output end) and the negative pole (ground end) of the entire solar cell string in which a plurality of solar cells 26'are connected in series is generated in each solar cell 26'. It is the sum of the DC voltages, and varies depending on the weather, time, deterioration of each solar cell 26', failure, deviation of the installation position, etc., but it is 200 V or more and 1500 V or less.
The power output from the power output end of the solar cell string is the sum of the powers of each solar cell 26', and 14 solar cells 26'with an output power of 250 W are connected. In the case, 3500W = 3.5kW).

Here, connecting the solar cells 26'in series means that if any one of the solar cells 26'is defective, the current will be cut off in the solar cell 26'. , It becomes difficult to output the electric power generated by another solar cell 26'.
Therefore, by providing a bypass diode (not shown) for each of the solar cells 26'connected in series, the current is configured to bypass the defective solar cell 26'.

This bypass diode is connected in parallel to the solar cell 26'in the direction in which the current flows from the negative pole to the positive pole. Specifically, the cathode of the bypass diode is the + of the solar cell 26'. Connected to the pole, the anode of the bypass diode is connected to the negative pole of the solar cell 26'.
Such a solar cell 26'may be installed on the installation surface via a gantry.

The installation surface of the solar cell 26'(or pedestal) is the installation surface on which the above-mentioned photovoltaic power plant 23'itself is installed, and any surface as long as the solar cell 26'can be installed. However, for example, it may be a golf course site, a mountainous land, a vacant lot, a fallow land, an agricultural land, or the like, a ground with soil, a roof or roof of a building, a wall, or the like.
The installation surface of the solar cell 26'may be the installation surface of the system board 22 described above, the same installation surface as the load F, or an installation surface different from the system board 22 and the load F.
Further, in order to increase the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation plant 23', the gantry may support the solar cell 26'by tilting it in a predetermined direction (for example, it becomes lower toward the south), and the angle is sufficient. Any number of times can be obtained as long as a large amount of power generation can be obtained, but for example, 10 degrees or 5 degrees.

<Power conditioner 27>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power conditioner 27 adjusts the DC current from the outside such as the above-mentioned solar cell 26'and the AC current from the AC motor of the wind power generation device to the voltage and phase of the system K. It is a device that converts to AC power and outputs it.
The power conditioner 27 is an inverter device that converts a direct current or the like from a solar cell 26'or the like into an alternating current (for example, 100 V or more and 440 V or less), and a control that controls the voltage and frequency of the alternating current converted by the inverter device. A unit and an aerial circuit breaker (ACB) or the like may be provided.

The power conditioner 27 may be provided with a rotating fan-shaped air blowing means for releasing the air inside the housing in which the inverter device, the control unit, the circuit breaker, and the like are built.
In addition, such a power conditioner 27 is also referred to as a power conditioner 27 for short.

The power conditioner 27 is controlled by a signal from the control unit 29, which will be described later, to limit (suppress) the power generation H output from the power conditioner 27 to a predetermined value (target upper limit value, etc.). (So-called, "a signal from the electric device 1 or the like may be used to stop the conversion in the power conditioner 27. (By stopping the conversion in this way, the power generation H is output from the power conditioner 27." It can be said that it will disappear).
As described above, the number of the power conditioners 27 may be one or a plurality.
When there are a plurality of power conditioners 27, when the conversion of the power conditioner 27 is stopped by the signal from the electric device 1 or the like described above, the conversion of all the power conditioners 27 may be stopped at once. However, the conversion of at least some of the power conditioners 27 may be stopped first.

The power conditioner 27 is provided in the power distribution frame body 31'of the power distribution system 30'in a state of being built in a housing (power conditioner housing) different from the power distribution system 30' having a transformer 28 or the like described later. If it is installed or built in the power conditioner housing, a plurality of power conditioner housings (that is, the power conditioner 27) are distributed in one photovoltaic power plant 23'(below the solar cell 26', etc.). It does not matter if it is provided.

<Transformer 28>
As shown in FIG. 1, the transformer 28 is a transformer (so-called step-down transformer) that transforms (steps down) the alternating current from one or more of the above-mentioned power conditioners 27 into a lower voltage alternating current. Is.
The transformer 28 may have any configuration as long as it transforms the alternating current in the distribution system 30'described later into a lower voltage alternating current, but for example, it is a dry type and is covered by a transformer housing. It may be attached to the power distribution frame body 31'.

Further, the transformer 28 is connected to the above-mentioned branch electric line 25 (the electric circuit between the load F and the power conditioner 27 or the electric circuit between the main electric circuit M and the power conditioner 27) as a whole of the electric power system 21. It can be said that it is provided.
The output from the transformer 28 (so-called power generation H) may be directly connected to the load F via a molded case circuit breaker (MCCB).
The transformer 28 may be provided with a hole for drawing a cable from the power conditioner 27 or the like in the lower part of the side surface of the transformer housing, and the lower parts of the front surface and the rear surface of the transformer housing are open. Air for cooling may be taken in from the open portion, and warm air may be removed from the gap between the transformer housing and its upper lid.
Even if the transformer 28 converts an alternating current from outside the distribution system 30'(for example, 100 V or more and 440 V or less) into a lower voltage alternating current suitable for the load F to consume (for example, 200 V or the like). good.

The transformer 28 may have a sufficient capacity while lowering the height depending on how the iron core is assembled. The specific height of such a transformer 28 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1500 mm. It may be less than or equal to (900 mm or more and 1500 mm or less), preferably 1400 mm or less (900 mm or more and 1400 mm or less), more preferably 1200 mm or less (95 mm or more and 1200 mm or less), and more preferably 1150 mm or less (950 mm or more and 1150 mm or less, 1100 mm or more). It may be.
The capacity of the transformer 28 is also not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 kVA or more and 500 kVA or less, preferably 10 kVA or more and 200 kVA or less, and more preferably 20 kVA or more and 100 kVA or less.

Such a transformer 28 may be configured to step down 100V or more and 440V or less to 200V or the like with, for example, a three-phase three-wire system (3φ3W).
As described above, the number of transformers 28 may be one or more.
A plurality of transformers 28 may be dispersedly provided in one photovoltaic power plant 23'(below the solar cell 26', etc.).
The control unit 29 that controls the power conditioner 27 and / or the system panel 22 in the power generation device 23 described so far will be described below.

<Control unit 29>
As shown in FIG. 1, the control unit 29 is a part that controls the power conditioner 27 and / or the connection unit (system panel) 22 described above. The control unit 29 may be, for example, a smart logger provided in the cabinet 32, a sequencer, or the like, as long as it is the switchboard 30 (distribution system 30') described later.
The control unit 29 generates power by assuming that the sum of the received power J received from the system K to the system board 22 and the generated power H output from the power generation device 23 described above is the power consumption D of the load F. It controls the power generation H (which can be said to be the output of the power conditioner 27) output from the device 23.
When the control unit 29 controls the output of the power conditioner 27 (provides an output target value to the power conditioner 27), the control unit 29 causes a power loss such as a transformer loss (also called a step-up loss) in the transformer 28 described above. Considering the minute, the output target value is slightly higher than the power generation target value TH, which is the target value of the actual power generation H (power on the high pressure side (output side) of the transformer 28 provided with the power generation meter 12). May be given to the power conditioner 27.
Further, the time interval (target giving interval) in which the control unit 29 gives the output target value to the power conditioner 27 may be given at predetermined time intervals (even at a predetermined target giving interval), but for example, 0. The target assignment interval may be 0.1 seconds or less, 0.05 seconds or less, such as every 1 second, every 0.25 seconds, every 1 second, every 5 seconds (here, the target assignment interval is , May be longer or the same as the sampling time described below).

Further, when the reverse power G measured by the electric device 1 described above becomes larger than a predetermined threshold value (that is, when the “reverse power generation state C1” is reached), the control unit 29 stops the conversion of the power conditioner 27 described above. Alternatively, any circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker 34, system circuit breaker 22a, etc.) in the electric circuit from the power conditioner 27 to the system K described above may be interrupted.
In addition, when the shortage power U measured by the above-mentioned electric device 1 approaches 0 (that is, when the “shortage power substantially zero state C2” is reached), the control unit 29 stops the conversion of the above-mentioned power conditioner 27. Alternatively, any circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker 34, system circuit breaker 22a, etc.) in the electric circuit from the power conditioner 27 to the system K described above may be interrupted.

When the conversion of the power conditioner 27 is stopped, it is not necessary to match the output from the power conditioner 27 with the voltage, phase, etc. of the system K when the conversion stop is restarted. Therefore, the power conditioner 27 Compared to the case where any of the electric circuits from to system K is cut off, the power system 21 can be restored in a shorter time and with less effort (shortening and facilitating the system restoration). I can say.
In addition, when the control unit 29 cuts off a circuit breaker such as a power generation circuit breaker 34 in terms of hardware when the reverse power generation state C1 is reached, it can be said that the reverse power relay 10 is included in the control unit 29.
This is because, as described above, the circuit breaker is cut off in hardware when the undervoltage relay detects an undervoltage, or the circuit breaker is cut off in hardware when an overvoltage is detected in the overvoltage relay. The same applies when the circuit breaker is cut off by hardware when the undervoltage relay detects an undervoltage, or when the circuit breaker is cut off by hardware when an overvoltage is detected by the overvoltage relay. Therefore, it can be said that the control unit 29 includes these undervoltage relays, overvoltage relays, undervoltage relays, and overfrequency relays.

The control unit 29 may use any control method as long as it controls the power conditioner 27 with the sum of the received power J and the generated power H as the power consumption D. For example, the following equation ( The target upper limit value (power generation target upper limit value) THmax of the power generation H may be derived based on 1) or the equation (2).
In the equations (1) and (2), the received power J and the generated power H, the limiting coefficient A (the limiting coefficient A applied to the sum of the received power J corresponding to the load power D and the generated power H), and the fluctuation correspondence Assuming that the constant B changes with time t, the received power is J (t), the generated power is H (t), the limiting coefficient A (t), and the fluctuation correspondence constant is B (t). , The unit of each of the received power J (t), the generated power H (t), and the fluctuation correspondence constant B (t) is kW or the like.

Here, the received power J (t) and the generated power H (t) may be measured at predetermined time intervals (even at a predetermined sampling time) by the electric device 1 or the power generation meter described above, but For example, the sampling time is 0.1 seconds or less, 0.05 seconds or more and 2.00 seconds or less, 0.75, such as every 0.1 seconds, every 0.25 seconds, every 1 second, every 5 seconds. It may be seconds or more and 1.50 seconds or less, and 0.10 seconds or more and 1.00 seconds or less.
The limiting coefficient A (t) is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a value of 0 or more and 1 or less (that is, 0% or more and 100% or less, 90% or 95%, 98%, 99%, 100%, etc., or 80. % Or more and 100% or less, 90% or more and 100% or less, 95% or more and 100% or less, etc.), and the fluctuation correspondence constant B (t) is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0 kW or more and 20 kW or less. It doesn't matter if there is.
The limiting coefficient A (t) may be 99% or more and 100% or less (for example, 99.0%, 99.5%, 99.8%, 99.9%, etc.), or the limiting coefficient A (t) may be set as much as possible. If it can be approached to 100%, it is desirable that the received power (power to be purchased) J is suppressed as much as possible (cost can be reduced).

The limiting coefficient A (t) and the fluctuation correspondence constant B (t) do not have to be finely changed for each predetermined sampling time. For example, the limiting coefficient A (t) does not have to be finely changed for each predetermined sampling time. More specifically, "from midnight to 9 am" and "from 5 pm to 12 pm" in the day are A (t) = 1.00 (100%). B (t) = 0 kW or the like, and “from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm” may be A (t) = 0.90 (90%), B (t) = 10 kW or the like.
Such a control unit 29 has a maximum power so that the power generation H actually output from the power conditioner 27 becomes the power generation target upper limit value THmax derived by the above equations (1) and (2). Point tracking control (MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) Control) or the like may be performed.

<Target value of power generation H (target value of power generation) TH>
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 29 causes the power generation device 23 to generate a power generation H that is as close to the load power D as possible and a power generation H that has the same value as the load power D (limit coefficient A (limitation factor A (). When t) is set to 99% or more and 100% or less, or the limit coefficient A (t) is set as close to 100% as possible), when the power generation H is controlled, the power condition is adjusted when the load power D decreases. Even if the power generation target value TH that controls the power generation 27 and lowers the power generation H is given, the actual power generation H does not decrease immediately (the decrease in the power generation H is delayed). It is necessary to suppress that the load power D becomes larger than the load power D and the reverse power G is generated (power that cannot be consumed by the load F flows to the system K).
In addition, it takes time and effort to match the output from the power conditioner 27 with the voltage and phase of the system K when reconnecting after shutting off with the power generation breaker 34 or the like. Therefore, the power generation H (the amount of power that can be generated) is reduced as a whole, and the power generation H (power conditioner 27) is controlled by the control unit 29 so that the power generation breaker 34 or the like does not cut off as much as possible. It is desirable to do.

Therefore, when the power generation H is lowered, the control unit 29 is lower than the value at which the power generation H is set to zero and / or the power consumption (load power) D of the load F when the power generation H is lowered. The value may be once set as the target value (power generation target value) TH of the power generation H.
By controlling by the control unit 29 in this way, the actual decrease in the generated power H is not delayed, and the generated power H is less likely to be larger than the power consumption D of the load F. Therefore, the reverse power G is generated (consumed by the load F). It is possible to suppress the flow of power that cannot be performed to the system K).

More specifically, the control unit 29 sets a value that makes the power generation H zero for the first few seconds (5 seconds, etc.) of the delay of about 15 seconds. , Once the power conditioner 27 etc. is controlled as the power generation target value TH (“zero target value control”), and then (about 10 seconds, etc.), the received power J and the generated power H are measured every second. The power conditioner 27 or the like may be controlled by using the load power D itself calculated from the sum of the above as the power generation target value TH.
Of course, the time for controlling the zero target value is not limited to the first 5 seconds, but is only the first 1 second, or 0.1 seconds or more and 10.0 seconds such as the first 3 seconds or 7 seconds. It may be as follows.

In addition, for example, the control unit 29 sets a value lower than the load power D when lowering the power generation H for the first few seconds (5 seconds, etc.) of the delay of about 15 seconds as the power generation target value TH. After controlling the conditioner 27 and the like (“low target value control”), after that (about 10 seconds, etc.), the load power D itself calculated from the sum of the received power J and the generated power H measured every second is used. , The power conditioner 27 or the like may be controlled as the power generation target value TH.
Of course, the time for controlling the low target value is not limited to the first 5 seconds, but is limited to the first 1 second, or 0.1 seconds or more and 10.0 seconds, such as the first 3 seconds or 7 seconds. It may be as follows.
Further, the “value lower than the load power D when lowering the generated power H”, which is the power generation target value TH, is not particularly limited as long as it is lower than the load power D, but for example, the load power D measured for each sampling time. (Sum of received power J and generated power H) is 1% or more and 99% or less, preferably 5% or more and 95% or less, and more preferably 10% or more and 90% or less (20%, 50%, 70%, etc.). You may.

In addition, the above-mentioned zero target value control and low target value control may be combined. For example, the control unit 29 performs zero target value control only for the first few seconds (5 seconds, etc.) with a delay of about 15 seconds. After that (for about 10 seconds, etc.), low target value control may be performed.
Naturally, the time for controlling the zero target value is not limited to the first 5 seconds, but is only the first 1 second, or 0.1 seconds or more and 10.0 seconds such as the first 3 seconds or 7 seconds. Of course, the time for controlling the low target value after that may be not limited to the last about 10 seconds, but may be the last about 14 seconds, the last about 12 seconds, about 8 seconds, and the like. , It may be about 5 seconds or more and about 14 seconds or less.

Here, at the timing (trigger) of performing zero target control or low target value control, the load power D (sum of the received power J and the generated power H) suddenly becomes 2% or more and 10% or less of the received power J (for example,). When the change (or decrease) (greater than 2%), the zero target value control or the low target value control may be started.
The control unit 29 may be provided in any of the power systems 21 as long as it is in the power system 21, but may be provided in, for example, the distribution board 30 (distribution system 30') described later.
The following describes the control unit 29, the power conditioner 27 and the transformer 28 described so far, the switchboard support 31 (distribution frame body 31'), and the switchboard 30 including the above-mentioned electric device 1 and the like.

<Distribution board 30 (distribution system 30'), distribution board support 31 (distribution frame body 31')>
As shown in FIG. 1, the distribution board 30 (distribution system 30'), which is one of the panels according to the present invention, includes the distribution board housing 31 (distribution frame body 31'), the power conditioner 27 described above, and the power conditioner 27 described above. It can be said that the board has the transformer (step-down transformer) 28, the control unit 29 described above, and the electrical equipment 1 described above. Therefore, it can be said that the power distribution system 30'is a switchboard system 30'.
In the power distribution system 30', a power conditioner 27 built in the power controller housing and a transformer 28 covered with the transformer housing are attached to the power distribution frame body 31', and the electric power is built in the cabinet 32. A device 1 and a control unit 29 and the like are provided, and a power generation meter may also be provided in the cabinet 32.
The power distribution system 30'(distribution frame body 31') may have a small depth value, and the specific depth value of such a power distribution system 30'is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 300 mm or more and 1500 mm. It may be less than or equal to, preferably 400 mm or more and 1200 mm or less, and more preferably 500 mm or more and 1000 mm or less (700 mm or the like). Furthermore, since the back side of the power distribution system 30'(distribution frame body 31') is substantially flush with each other, space is not required on the back side, and the power distribution system 30'(distribution frame body 31') is installed as close as possible to the wall surface (outer wall, etc.) of the factory or building. Can be done.
Further, the height of the power distribution system 30'(distribution frame body 31') may be set low, and the specific height of such a power distribution system 30'is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 2500 mm or less (900 mm). It may be 2500 mm or less), preferably 2300 mm or less (900 mm or more and 2300 mm or less), and more preferably 2100 mm or less (1200 mm or more and 2100 mm or less, 1980 mm or more).

The power distribution system 30'is provided with a plurality of the above-mentioned electric devices 1 in the cabinet 32, and also has a ground fault overvoltage relay (OVGR, Over Voltage Ground Relay) 33 and a circuit breaker for wiring (MCCB, power generation cutoff). It may be said that the machine 34), a communication device (such as a router), an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), an outlet, and the like.
The ground fault overvoltage relay 33 may be connected to the main electric circuit M in the connection portion (system board) 22 via the zero phase detector (ZPD, Zero Phase potential Device) 22z.
Further, the number of power distribution systems 30'(that is, the power distribution frame body 31') in one photovoltaic power plant 23'may be one or more as described above, but the power conditioner 27 and the above-mentioned power conditioner 27 and The number may be the same as the number of transformers 28 and the like.
In the power distribution system 30', a plurality of power distribution systems 30' may be dispersedly provided in one photovoltaic power generation plant 23'(below the solar cell 26', etc.).

<Power system 21 of the second embodiment>
FIG. 6 shows the power system 21 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The most different from the first embodiment in this second embodiment is the high voltage AC load switch (LBS) 22a'instead of the LBS power receiving type (instead of the high voltage disconnector (VCB) 22a) that receives high voltage power with a capacity of 300 kVA or less. At the same time, it is a type that does not have a disconnector 22e, an instrument transformer 22f, a high-voltage AC load switch F2, etc.).

Further, in the second embodiment, the sensor unit 5 (open / close type detector 7) in the electric device 1 is not directly on the output side (secondary side) of the instrument transformer 22f in the connection unit (system panel) 22. The point that it is attached to the main electric circuit M from the system K to the load F (particularly, the electric circuit between the instrument transformer 22h and the system K in the system panel 22) is also different from the first embodiment. There is.
Configuration and operation of other power system 21, electric equipment 1, distribution board 30 (distribution system 30'), power generation device 23, power generation connection device 24, power generation unit 26, power conditioner 27, transformer 28, control unit 29, etc. The effect and the mode of use are the same as those in the first embodiment.

<Power system 21 of the third embodiment>
FIG. 7 shows the electric power system 21 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
The most different from the first and second embodiments in this third embodiment is the low voltage power receiving type (high voltage circuit breaker (VCB) 22a, high voltage AC load switch (LBS) 22a', for instruments) having a capacity of less than 50 kW. Instead of the transformer current transformer 22h, it has a circuit breaker for wiring (MCCB) 22a "and a meter for trading 22h', and at the same time, it does not have a zero-phase detector 22z, a ground fault overvoltage relay 33, a step-down transformer F1 and the like. Type).

Further, in the third embodiment, the pole transformer (step-down transformer) K'is provided in the electric circuit between the instrument transformer 22h and the system K, and at the same time, the sensor unit 5 in the electric device 1 is provided. (Open / close type detector 7) is also different from the first and second embodiments in that it is attached to the electric circuit between the instrument transformer current transformer 22h and the wiring breaker (MCCB) 22a ”. ..
Configuration and operation of other power system 21, electric device 1, switchboard 30 (distribution system 30'), power generation device 23, power generation connection device 24, power generation unit 26, power conditioner 27, transformer 28, control unit 29, etc. The effects and usage modes are the same as those in the first and second embodiments.

<Power system 21 of the fourth embodiment>
FIG. 8 shows the electric power system 21 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The most different feature of the fourth embodiment from the first to third embodiments is that the power generation connection board 40 is connected to the connection unit (system board) 22 instead of the distribution board 30 (distribution system 30'). is there.

<Power generation connection board 40, power generation connection board support 41>
As shown in FIG. 8, in the power generation connection board 40, the power generation connection device 24 and the electric device 1 described above are built in the power generation connection board support 41 (power generation connection board housing 41), and the power generation connection is performed. In the board 40, the power generation device 23 is connected to the existing connection portion (system board) 22 and the load F, and the user of the power system 21 consumes the power generated by the power generation device 23 by the load F. It can be said that the equipment necessary for "consumption" is aggregated.
The power generation connection board 40 may have any configuration as long as the power generation device 23 is connected to the existing system board 22 and the load F and the power generation connection device 24 is built in the power generation connection board housing 41. However, for example, a branch electric circuit 25, an electric device 1, an instrument transformer (VT), a high-voltage AC load switch (LBS) 34, a power generation transformer 35, and the like may be provided.

It can be said that the high-pressure AC load switch (LBS) 34 is a power generation circuit breaker 34.
Further, one power generation connection board 40 (power generation connection board housing 41) may include two electric devices 1, and in this case, one electric device 1 (electric device 1a for reverse power or the like) may be used. The above-mentioned reverse power G and the like are measured, and a relay operation is performed according to the reverse power G. In the other electric device 1 (electric power generation device 1b), the power generation H is measured as a power generation meter. Is also good.
The sensor unit 5 (open / close type detector 7) of the other electric device 1 is attached to the branch electric circuit 25.

Further, in the power system 21 of the fourth embodiment, a device to be provided is built in the switchboard housing 31, and the switchboard 30 has one or a plurality of switchboards 30 in which the device is not exposed. The switchboard 30 has a transformer (a transformer). A step-up transformer), a power transmission unit, a power collection unit, and the like are built in, and a plurality of power generation units 26 (solar cell 26') are connected to each switchboard 30 via one or a plurality of power conditioners 27.
The control unit 29 may be a sequencer.
The configuration, operation effect, and usage mode of the other electric power system 21 and the electric device 1 are the same as those in the first to third embodiments.

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The structure, shape, dimensions, and the like of each configuration or the whole of the electric device 1, the panel, the electric power system 21, and the like can be appropriately changed according to the gist of the present invention.
The electric device 1 does not include the sensor unit 5 described above, and may detect a current in a predetermined electric circuit by a member other than the sensor unit 5 (for example, a member in the device housing 4).
The electric device 1 does not have to have the above-mentioned output unit.

The electrical equipment 1 includes a system board 22 such as a power purchase board, an extra high board (extra high equipment), a high voltage board (high voltage equipment), a low voltage board (low voltage equipment), a monitoring board (monitoring equipment), and a control board (control). Equipment), substation (substation equipment), equipment for buildings and apartments, power receiving board (particularly existing power receiving board), lighting distribution board, and these boards are provided by electric device 1. It can be said that it is a board according to the present invention having those board supports (board housing and board frame body).
The power measured by the power measuring unit 2 includes the reverse power G in the main electric line M from the system K to the load F via the connection unit 22, the insufficient power U, and the received power (purchased power) J, as well as the power generation device 232. It may be the power generation H output from (the power generation H in the electric circuit other than the main electric circuit M), and the load power D consumed by the load F (the load electric power D in the electric circuit other than the main electric circuit M). It doesn't matter.

The device housing 4 does not have to have the display unit 4a, the operation unit 4b, and the terminal unit 4c.
The sensor unit 5 does not necessarily have to include the sensor electric path 6 and the open / close type detector 7 described above, and in particular, the detector may be a detector that does not open / close.
The electric power system 21 may include a storage battery, a fuel cell, a generator powered by fuel such as gasoline, and the like.

The electric device and the panel of the present invention can be used for a self-consumption type solar power generation plant regardless of the amount and scale of the power generation, and the sun that is not a self-consumption type other than the self-consumption type solar power generation plant. It can be used in optical power generation plants and plants that generate electricity with generators (AC motors, etc.) that are rotated by wind power, hydraulic power, wave power, geothermal power, etc. High-voltage equipment), high-voltage panel (high-voltage equipment), low-voltage panel (low-voltage equipment), monitoring panel (monitoring equipment), control panel (control equipment), substation (substation equipment), equipment for buildings and apartments, power receiving panel, lighting It can also be used in plants that do not generate electricity, such as distribution boards, and can be used both outdoors and indoors.
The electric power system of the present invention can be used for a self-consumable photovoltaic power generation plant or the like regardless of the amount and scale of the power generation. In addition to the self-consumed photovoltaic power generation plant, a non-self-consumed photovoltaic power generation plant It can be used in plants that generate electricity using generators (AC motors, etc.) that are rotated by wind power, hydraulic power, wave power, geothermal power, etc., and can be used both outdoors and indoors.

1 Electrical equipment (wattmeter relay)
2 Power measurement unit 3 Relay unit 4 Equipment housing 5 Sensor unit 6 Sensor electric circuit 7 Open / close type detector 21 Power system 22 Connection unit (system panel)
23 Power generation equipment 24 Power generation connection equipment 30'board (especially power distribution system)
31'board support (especially distribution frame)
40 boards (power generation connection board)
41 Board support (power generation connection board support)
K system F load

Claims (5)

An electric device connected to a predetermined electric circuit,
A power measuring unit (2) for measuring electric power in the predetermined electric circuit and a relay unit (3) for performing a relay operation according to the electric power measured by the electric power measuring unit (2) are provided.
An electric device characterized in that the power measurement unit (2) and the relay unit (3) are provided in one device housing (4). A sensor unit (5) for detecting a current in the predetermined electric circuit is provided.
The sensor unit (5) includes a sensor electric path (6) that connects the sensor unit (5) and the power measurement unit (2).
The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the value of the current output from the sensor unit (5) and flowing through the sensor electric path (6) is 1 A or less. The sensor unit (5) is provided with an open / close type detector (7) that can be attached to the predetermined electric circuit without breaking the predetermined electric circuit and detects a current in the predetermined electric circuit. The electrical device according to claim 1 or 2. A board characterized by having a board support provided with the electrical device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A power system having a connection portion (22) connected to a system (K) and a load (F), respectively.
A power generation connection device (24) for connecting the power generation device (23) to the connection portion (22) and the load (F).
A power measurement unit (2) that measures the power in the electric circuit from the system (K) to the load (F) via the connection unit (22), and a relay operation according to the power measured by the power measurement unit (2). It has an electric device (1) provided with a relay unit (3) for performing the above.
A power system characterized in that the power measurement unit (2) and the relay unit (3) are provided in one device housing (4).

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