JP2021028447A - Fire resistant wooden member - Google Patents
Fire resistant wooden member Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021028447A JP2021028447A JP2019147943A JP2019147943A JP2021028447A JP 2021028447 A JP2021028447 A JP 2021028447A JP 2019147943 A JP2019147943 A JP 2019147943A JP 2019147943 A JP2019147943 A JP 2019147943A JP 2021028447 A JP2021028447 A JP 2021028447A
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- refractory
- sheet
- coating material
- base material
- fireproof
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- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000005109 Cryptomeria japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005002 finish coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 structural panel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、例えば耐火シートなどの発泡性の耐火被覆材と、胴縁などの下地材を備える耐火木質部材に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a refractory wood member including a foamable refractory coating material such as a fireproof sheet and a base material such as a furring strip.
従来、屋外で使用可能な耐火性能を有する耐火木質部材として、例えば、図４（１）に示すようなものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１、２を参照）。この耐火木質部材１は、芯材２、強化石膏ボード３、４、耐火シート５、防水シート６、胴縁７、化粧材８を積層して構成される。耐火シート５は、火災時の加熱で発泡して断熱性を発現する機能を有している。 Conventionally, as a refractory wood member having fire resistance that can be used outdoors, for example, the one shown in FIG. 4 (1) is known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). The refractory wood member 1 is formed by laminating a core material 2, a reinforced gypsum board 3, 4, a fireproof sheet 5, a tarpaulin 6, a furring strip 7, and a decorative material 8. The refractory sheet 5 has a function of foaming when heated at the time of a fire to exhibit heat insulating properties.
ところで、胴縁７は耐火シート５の表面側に配置されることから、図４（２）および図５に示すように、火災時には、加熱による耐火シート５の発泡変形を胴縁７の周囲近傍７Ａで拘束する。したがって、胴縁７の周囲近傍７Ａにおいて、耐火シート５の発泡が不十分となり、耐火シート５による断熱性が十分に発揮されなくなるおそれがある。このため、胴縁などの下地材の近傍で、耐火シートなどの耐火被覆材の発泡などの増厚変形を阻害しない構造が求められていた。 By the way, since the furring strip 7 is arranged on the surface side of the fireproof sheet 5, as shown in FIGS. 4 (2) and 5, in the event of a fire, the fireproof sheet 5 is foamed and deformed by heating near the periphery of the furring strip 7. Restrain at 7A. Therefore, the foaming of the refractory sheet 5 may be insufficient in the vicinity 7A around the furring strip 7, and the heat insulating property of the refractory sheet 5 may not be sufficiently exhibited. For this reason, there has been a demand for a structure that does not hinder thickening deformation such as foaming of a refractory coating material such as a refractory sheet in the vicinity of a base material such as a furring strip.
本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであって、下地材の近傍で耐火被覆材の増厚変形を阻害しない耐火木質部材を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a refractory wood member that does not hinder the thickening deformation of the fireproof coating material in the vicinity of the base material.
上記した課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明に係る耐火木質部材は、木質の芯材と、芯材の外側に設けられ、加熱により増厚変形して断熱性を発現する耐火被覆材と、耐火被覆材の外側に設けられた下地材とを備える耐火木質部材であって、下地材の耐火被覆材に近い側に設けられ、下地材の近傍における耐火被覆材の増厚変形を許容するための許容部をさらに備えることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the refractory wood member according to the present invention is provided on the wood core material and the outside of the core material, and is thickened and deformed by heating to exhibit heat insulation. A refractory wood member including a coating material and a base material provided on the outside of the fireproof coating material, which is provided on the side of the base material close to the fireproof coating material and is thickly deformed in the vicinity of the base material. It is characterized in that a permissible part for allowing the above is further provided.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材は、上述した発明において、許容部は、下地材の少なくとも耐火被覆材に近い側の周縁部に設けられ、外側から内側に向けて切り欠いた部分であることを特徴とする。 Further, in the other refractory wood member according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned invention, the permissible portion is provided on the peripheral edge portion of the base material at least on the side close to the fireproof coating material, and is a portion cut out from the outside to the inside. It is characterized by being.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材は、上述した発明において、許容部は、下地材の少なくとも耐火被覆材に近い側に設けられ、加熱により消失する材料で構成された部分であることを特徴とする。 Further, in the other refractory wood member according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned invention, the permissible portion is provided at least on the side of the base material close to the refractory coating material, and is a portion made of a material that disappears by heating. It is a feature.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材は、上述した発明において、耐火被覆材の外側に設けられる防水材と、下地材の外側に設けられる仕上げ材とをさらに備え、下地材は防水材の外側に設けられることを特徴とする。 Further, the other refractory wood member according to the present invention further includes a waterproof material provided on the outside of the fireproof coating material and a finishing material provided on the outside of the base material in the above-described invention, and the base material is a waterproof material. It is characterized in that it is provided on the outside.
本発明に係る耐火木質部材によれば、木質の芯材と、芯材の外側に設けられ、加熱により増厚変形して断熱性を発現する耐火被覆材と、耐火被覆材の外側に設けられた下地材とを備える耐火木質部材であって、下地材の耐火被覆材に近い側に設けられ、下地材の近傍における耐火被覆材の増厚変形を許容するための許容部をさらに備えるので、下地材の近傍での耐火被覆材の増厚変形を阻害しない。したがって、下地材の近傍の耐火性能を向上した耐火木質部材を提供することができるという効果を奏する。 According to the refractory wood member according to the present invention, the wood core material, the fireproof coating material provided on the outside of the core material and thickened and deformed by heating to exhibit heat insulating properties, and the fireproof coating material provided on the outside of the fireproof coating material. It is a refractory wood member provided with a base material, and is provided on the side close to the fireproof coating material of the base material, and further includes an allowable portion for allowing thickening and deformation of the fireproof coating material in the vicinity of the base material. It does not hinder the thickening deformation of the refractory coating material in the vicinity of the base material. Therefore, it is possible to provide a refractory wood member having improved fire resistance in the vicinity of the base material.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材によれば、許容部は、下地材の少なくとも耐火被覆材に近い側の周縁部に設けられ、外側から内側に向けて切り欠いた部分であるので、加熱時の耐火被覆材は切り欠いた部分を補充しながら増厚変形する。このため、下地材の近傍の耐火性能を向上することができるという効果を奏する。 Further, according to the other refractory wood member according to the present invention, the permissible portion is provided on the peripheral edge portion of the base material at least on the side close to the fireproof coating material, and is a portion cut out from the outside to the inside. The refractory coating material during heating is thickened and deformed while replenishing the notched portion. Therefore, it is possible to improve the fire resistance performance in the vicinity of the base material.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材によれば、許容部は、下地材の少なくとも耐火被覆材に近い側に設けられ、加熱により消失する材料で構成された部分であるので、下地材の耐火被覆材に近い側は加熱時に消失し、耐火被覆材の増厚変形を阻害しなくなる。このため、下地材の近傍の耐火性能を向上することができるという効果を奏する。 Further, according to the other refractory wood member according to the present invention, the permissible portion is a portion of the base material that is provided at least on the side close to the fireproof coating material and is made of a material that disappears by heating. The side close to the refractory coating material disappears during heating and does not hinder the thickening deformation of the refractory coating material. Therefore, it is possible to improve the fire resistance performance in the vicinity of the base material.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材によれば、耐火被覆材の外側に設けられる防水材と、下地材の外側に設けられる仕上げ材とをさらに備え、下地材は防水材の外側に設けられるので、優れた耐火性能の耐火木質部材を提供することができるという効果を奏する。 Further, according to another refractory wood member according to the present invention, a waterproof material provided on the outside of the fireproof coating material and a finishing material provided on the outside of the base material are further provided, and the base material is provided on the outside of the waterproof material. Therefore, it is possible to provide a refractory wood member having excellent fire resistance.
以下に、本発明に係る耐火木質部材の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、この実施の形態によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the refractory wood member according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
（実施の形態１）
まず、本発明の実施の形態１について説明する。
図１（１）に示すように、本実施の形態１に係る耐火木質部材１０は、芯材１２と、強化石膏ボード１４、１６と、耐火シート１８（耐火被覆材）と、防水シート２０（防水材）と、胴縁２２（下地材）と、仕上げ材２４とを備えるものであり、例えば屋外の柱や梁などに使用される。
(Embodiment 1)
First, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1 (1), the refractory wood member 10 according to the first embodiment includes a core material 12, reinforced gypsum boards 14 and 16, a fireproof sheet 18 (fireproof coating material), and a waterproof sheet 20 ( It is provided with a waterproof material), a furring strip 22 (base material), and a finishing material 24, and is used for, for example, an outdoor pillar or beam.
芯材１２は、荷重を支持する集成材（木材）からなり、例えば、スギやカラマツなどの一般的な集成材で構成することができる。 The core material 12 is made of laminated wood (wood) that supports a load, and can be made of, for example, a general laminated wood such as sugi or larch.
強化石膏ボード１４、１６は、耐火性を有する被覆層であり、芯材１２の外側に積層して設けられる。強化石膏ボード１４、１６は、吸熱性および断熱性を有する無機質材料である。この強化石膏ボード１４、１６は、火災時においては、外側の耐火シート１８と、隣接する内側の芯材１２への熱の伝達を防止し、芯材１２を炭化や燃焼させない機能を持っており、芯材１２への熱伝導を抑制する作用を発揮する。芯材１２に対する強化石膏ボード１４、１６の取り付け方法は、例えば、ステープルなどの固定部材で芯材１２に打ち付ける方法、接着剤や両面テープなどを介して接着する方法、これらを併用する方法などを挙げることができるが、本発明はこれらに限るものではない。 The reinforced gypsum boards 14 and 16 are fire-resistant coating layers, which are laminated on the outside of the core material 12. Reinforced gypsum boards 14 and 16 are inorganic materials having endothermic and heat insulating properties. The reinforced gypsum boards 14 and 16 have a function of preventing heat transfer to the outer fireproof sheet 18 and the adjacent inner core material 12 and not carbonizing or burning the core material 12 in the event of a fire. , Exhibits the effect of suppressing heat conduction to the core material 12. The methods for attaching the reinforced gypsum boards 14 and 16 to the core material 12 include, for example, a method of striking the core material 12 with a fixing member such as a staple, a method of adhering via an adhesive or double-sided tape, and a method of using these in combination. Although it can be mentioned, the present invention is not limited to these.
なお、強化石膏ボード１４、１６の部分には、これらの代わりに、石膏ボード、ケイカル板（ケイ酸カルシウム板）等のボード状の無機質材料を用いてもよい。強化石膏ボード、石膏ボード、ケイカル板（ケイ酸カルシウム板）等の材料は、極めて安価に入手できるとともに、高い断熱性と吸熱性とを有するので好適である。また、その厚さは、用途に応じて適宜調整可能である。厚くすると、熱伝導を抑制する効果は向上する。これらのボードは、重ねて所定の厚さにしてもよい。 Instead of these, board-shaped inorganic materials such as gypsum board and calcium silicate board may be used for the portions of the reinforced gypsum boards 14 and 16. Materials such as reinforced gypsum board, gypsum board, and calcium silicate board are suitable because they can be obtained at an extremely low price and have high heat insulating properties and endothermic properties. Further, the thickness thereof can be appropriately adjusted according to the application. The thicker the thickness, the better the effect of suppressing heat conduction. These boards may be stacked to a predetermined thickness.
耐火シート１８は、本発明の耐火被覆材に相当するものである。この耐火シート１８は、熱を受けると発泡して著しく厚みを増し、断熱性を発現する耐火性を有する被覆層であり、強化石膏ボード１６の外側に設けられる。この耐火シート１８は、火災時においては、その断熱性により隣接する内側の強化石膏ボード１６への燃焼の進行を遅らせる機能を持ち、強化石膏ボード１６への熱伝導を抑制する作用を発揮する。耐火シート１８の厚さは、強化石膏ボード１６の厚さに応じて適宜調整可能であるが、例えば、１ｍｍ〜１２ｍｍ程度とするのが好ましく、１．５ｍｍ〜６ｍｍ程度とするのがより好ましい。強化石膏ボード１６に対する耐火シート１８の取り付け方法は、例えば、ステープルなどの固定部材で強化石膏ボード１６に打ち付ける方法、接着剤や両面テープなどを介して接着する方法、これらを併用する方法などを挙げることができるが、本発明はこれらに限るものではない。また、本実施の形態では、耐火被覆材が耐火シート１８である場合を例にとり説明するが、本発明の耐火被覆材はこれに限るものではなく、加熱により増厚変形して断熱性を発現する材料であればいかなるものでもよい。例えば、耐火シート１８の代わりに、加熱により増厚変形して断熱性を発現する耐火フィルムなどの耐火被覆材を用いてもよい。 The fireproof sheet 18 corresponds to the fireproof coating material of the present invention. The fireproof sheet 18 is a fireproof coating layer that foams when it receives heat and remarkably increases its thickness to exhibit heat insulating properties, and is provided on the outside of the reinforced gypsum board 16. In the event of a fire, the refractory sheet 18 has a function of delaying the progress of combustion to the adjacent inner reinforced gypsum board 16 due to its heat insulating property, and exerts an effect of suppressing heat conduction to the reinforced gypsum board 16. The thickness of the refractory sheet 18 can be appropriately adjusted according to the thickness of the reinforced gypsum board 16, but is preferably about 1 mm to 12 mm, more preferably about 1.5 mm to 6 mm, for example. Examples of the method of attaching the fireproof sheet 18 to the reinforced gypsum board 16 include a method of striking the reinforced gypsum board 16 with a fixing member such as a staple, a method of adhering via an adhesive or double-sided tape, and a method of using these in combination. However, the present invention is not limited to these. Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the fireproof coating material is the fireproof sheet 18 will be described as an example, but the fireproof coating material of the present invention is not limited to this, and is thickened and deformed by heating to exhibit heat insulating properties. Any material can be used. For example, instead of the refractory sheet 18, a refractory coating material such as a refractory film that is thickened and deformed by heating to exhibit heat insulating properties may be used.
なお、耐火シート１８の主材は、触媒、炭素源、樹脂（またはバインダー）、発泡剤などで構成される。触媒は一般的にはポリ燐酸アンモニウムが用いられ、炭素源には、多価アルコール類、でんぷん、砂糖、モノトリペンタエリスリトール、ジトリペンタエリスリトールなどが用いられる。樹脂（またはバインダー）には、アクリル樹脂系、ポリエーテル樹脂系、エポキシ樹脂系、ウレタン樹脂系が用いられる。発泡剤には、ジシアンジアミド、メラミン、尿素などが用いられる。また、これらの他にも、膨張黒鉛を用いた耐火シートもある。耐火シート１８の構成材料の違い、耐火シート１８に施す上塗り（仕上塗装）などによって、加熱時の発泡形状は異なると考えられる。 The main material of the refractory sheet 18 is composed of a catalyst, a carbon source, a resin (or a binder), a foaming agent, and the like. Ammonium polyphosphate is generally used as the catalyst, and polyhydric alcohols, starch, sugar, monotripentaerythritol, ditripentaerythritol and the like are used as the carbon source. As the resin (or binder), an acrylic resin type, a polyether resin type, an epoxy resin type, and a urethane resin type are used. As the foaming agent, dicyandiamide, melamine, urea and the like are used. In addition to these, there are also refractory sheets using expanded graphite. It is considered that the foaming shape at the time of heating differs depending on the difference in the constituent materials of the refractory sheet 18, the top coating (finish coating) applied to the refractory sheet 18, and the like.
上記の強化石膏ボード１４、１６、耐火シート１８は、耐火性を有する被覆層ということができ、外側の被覆層（耐火シート１８に相当）は内側の被覆層への燃焼の進行を遅らせる機能を持っている。また、内側の被覆層（強化石膏ボード１４、１６に相当）は、外側の被覆層と併せ、芯材１２への熱の伝達を防止し、芯材１２を炭化や燃焼させない機能を持つものである。 The above-mentioned reinforced gypsum boards 14, 16 and the fireproof sheet 18 can be said to be a coating layer having fire resistance, and the outer coating layer (corresponding to the fireproof sheet 18) has a function of delaying the progress of combustion to the inner coating layer. have. Further, the inner coating layer (corresponding to the reinforced gypsum boards 14 and 16) has a function of preventing heat transfer to the core material 12 and not carbonizing or burning the core material 12 together with the outer coating layer. is there.
防水シート２０は、耐火シート１８の外側に設けられる防水性を有するシート状の被覆層である。この防水シート２０は、耐火シート１８が水に濡れることにより所定の耐火性能を発揮できなくなる場合に備えて設けられる。防水シート２０によりその内側の耐火シート１８に浸水させないことで、結果として、耐火シート１８に所定の耐火性能を発揮させることが可能となる。なお、耐火シート１８が浸水しなければその内側の強化石膏ボード１６、１４や芯材１２も浸水することはない。 The waterproof sheet 20 is a waterproof sheet-like coating layer provided on the outside of the fireproof sheet 18. The waterproof sheet 20 is provided in case the fireproof sheet 18 cannot exhibit a predetermined fireproof performance due to getting wet with water. By preventing the fireproof sheet 18 inside the waterproof sheet 20 from being flooded with water, as a result, the fireproof sheet 18 can exhibit a predetermined fire resistance performance. If the refractory sheet 18 is not flooded, the reinforced gypsum boards 16 and 14 and the core material 12 inside the refractory sheet 18 will not be flooded.
防水シート２０は、例えばアスファルトフェルトなどの防水性を有する周知のシートあるいは防水紙で構成することができるが、本発明はこれに限るものではない。また、防水シート２０の厚さは、特に限定しないが、薄型（例えば０．２ｍｍ〜３ｍｍ程度）であることが部材のスリム化を図る上で望ましい。また、防水シート２０は、単層シートで構成してもよいし、複数枚のシートを積層して構成してもよい。耐火シート１８の外側に対する防水シート２０の取り付け方法は、例えば、ステープルなどの固定部材で耐火シート１８に打ち付ける方法、ブチルゴムのような自己融着性を有する材料や木工用ボンド等の接着剤、両面テープなどを介して接着する方法、これらを併用する方法などを挙げることができるが、本発明はこれらに限るものではない。 The waterproof sheet 20 can be made of a well-known waterproof sheet such as asphalt felt or waterproof paper, but the present invention is not limited to this. The thickness of the waterproof sheet 20 is not particularly limited, but it is desirable that the waterproof sheet 20 is thin (for example, about 0.2 mm to 3 mm) in order to slim down the member. Further, the waterproof sheet 20 may be formed of a single-layer sheet or may be formed by laminating a plurality of sheets. The method of attaching the waterproof sheet 20 to the outside of the fireproof sheet 18 is, for example, a method of striking the fireproof sheet 18 with a fixing member such as a staple, a self-bonding material such as butyl rubber, an adhesive such as wood glue, and both sides. Examples thereof include a method of adhering via tape and a method of using these in combination, but the present invention is not limited to these.
胴縁２２は、本発明の下地材に相当するものであり、防水シート２０の外表面に沿って所定の間隔で設けられる。この胴縁２２は、図の紙面に垂直な方向に延びている。胴縁２２は、製材、集成材、合板、単板積層材、構造用パネル、パーティクルボード、防火薬剤処理した木材などで構成されるが、ケイカル板（ケイ酸カルシウム板）等、硬質の無機材で構成してもよい。胴縁２２の厚さ、幅は、例えば厚さ９ｍｍ以上、幅４０ｍｍ以上とすることができる。厚さは１５ｍｍ以上が好ましい。 The furring strip 22 corresponds to the base material of the present invention, and is provided at predetermined intervals along the outer surface of the waterproof sheet 20. The furring strip 22 extends in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in the drawing. The furring strip 22 is composed of sawn timber, laminated lumber, plywood, single plate laminated material, structural panel, particle board, wood treated with fireproof chemicals, etc., but is a hard inorganic material such as a calcareous board (calcium silicate board). It may be composed of. The thickness and width of the furring strip 22 can be, for example, 9 mm or more in thickness and 40 mm or more in width. The thickness is preferably 15 mm or more.
胴縁２２の耐火シート１８に近い側の側縁（周縁）には、切り欠き部２６（許容部）が設けられる。この切り欠き部２６は、胴縁２２の近傍における耐火シート１８の発泡変形（増厚変形）を許容するためのものである。切り欠き部２６の高さ（内外方向の延在長）は、胴縁２２の厚さの半分程度としている。切り欠き部２６を設けたため、胴縁２２の断面形状は、耐火シート１８に近づくにつれて幅が狭くなる形状である。こうすることで、胴縁２２の近傍での耐火シート１８の加熱時の発泡変形を抑圧する現象は発生しない。したがって、胴縁２２の近傍の耐火性能を向上することができる。なお、切り欠き部２６の形状は、図のように直角三角形に限るものではなく、矩形でもよい。 A notch 26 (allowable portion) is provided on the side edge (periphery) of the furring strip 22 near the fireproof sheet 18. The cutout portion 26 is for allowing foam deformation (thickening deformation) of the refractory sheet 18 in the vicinity of the furring strip 22. The height of the notch 26 (extending length in the inward and outward directions) is about half the thickness of the furring strip 22. Since the cutout portion 26 is provided, the cross-sectional shape of the furring strip 22 becomes narrower as it approaches the refractory sheet 18. By doing so, the phenomenon of suppressing the foam deformation of the refractory sheet 18 during heating in the vicinity of the furring strip 22 does not occur. Therefore, the fire resistance performance in the vicinity of the furring strip 22 can be improved. The shape of the notch 26 is not limited to a right triangle as shown in the figure, but may be a rectangle.
図２（１）は、切り欠き部２６の周辺の部分拡大図である。発泡前の耐火シート１８を破線で、発泡後の耐火シート１８を実線で示している。この図に示すように、耐火シート１８の表面に対する胴縁２２の切り欠き部２６の側面の傾斜角度α（切り欠き角度）は、６０°以下が好ましく、より好ましくは３０°前後がよい。耐火シート１８の材質等に応じて、角度αを設定することが望ましい。切り欠き部２６の耐火シート１８に対する投影面の長さＸは、０．８Ｌ以上が好ましく、より好ましくは１．０Ｌ以上がよい。また、切り欠き部２２の高さＹは、（Ｄ−ｔ）以上が好ましい。ここで、Ｌは、図２（２）に示すように、切り欠き部２６がない場合の胴縁２２の拘束端から耐火シート１８が正規の厚さに発泡する位置までの距離である。Ｄは、耐火シート１８の発泡前の厚さｔを含む正規の発泡厚さである。なお、図２（２）中の角度θは、耐火シート１８の拘束位置から正規の発泡厚さになる点を結んだ線と発泡前の耐火シート１８の表面とがなす角度である。 FIG. 2 (1) is a partially enlarged view of the periphery of the cutout portion 26. The refractory sheet 18 before foaming is shown by a broken line, and the refractory sheet 18 after foaming is shown by a solid line. As shown in this figure, the inclination angle α (notch angle) of the side surface of the notch 26 of the furring strip 22 with respect to the surface of the refractory sheet 18 is preferably 60 ° or less, more preferably around 30 °. It is desirable to set the angle α according to the material of the refractory sheet 18. The length X of the projection surface of the cutout portion 26 with respect to the refractory sheet 18 is preferably 0.8 L or more, more preferably 1.0 L or more. Further, the height Y of the notch portion 22 is preferably (Dt) or more. Here, as shown in FIG. 2 (2), L is the distance from the restraint end of the furring strip 22 when there is no notch 26 to the position where the refractory sheet 18 foams to a regular thickness. D is a regular foam thickness including the thickness t of the refractory sheet 18 before foaming. The angle θ in FIG. 2 (2) is an angle formed by the line connecting the points where the refractory sheet 18 has a regular foam thickness from the restraint position and the surface of the refractory sheet 18 before foaming.
防水シート２０に対する胴縁２２の取り付け方法は、例えば、ステープルや釘などの固定部材で防水シート２０を貫通して芯材１２に打ち付ける方法、ブチルゴムのような自己融着性を有する材料や木工用ボンド等の接着剤、両面テープなどを介して防水シート２０に接着する方法、これらを併用する方法などを挙げることができるが、本発明はこれらに限るものではない。 The method of attaching the furring strip 22 to the waterproof sheet 20 is, for example, a method of penetrating the waterproof sheet 20 with a fixing member such as a staple or a nail and striking it against the core material 12, a self-adhesive material such as butyl rubber, or wood glue. Examples thereof include an adhesive such as a bond, a method of adhering to the waterproof sheet 20 via a double-sided tape, and a method of using these in combination, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
仕上げ材２４は、木材からなり、胴縁２２の外表面を介して防水シート２０の外側に設けられる。この仕上げ材２４によって、耐火木質部材１０の外表面は、木質感や木目調の外観を呈している。仕上げ材２４は、木材や集成材等の木質材料であることが望ましいが、クロス材等の建築用仕上げ材、化粧材、防火薬剤を含浸や浸透させた木質材料、木材を用いてもよい。仕上げ材２４の厚さは、例えば３ｍｍ〜３６ｍｍ程度とすることが好ましいが、もちろん、これよりも薄くして、燃え代としてほとんど機能しないように構成しても構わない。 The finishing material 24 is made of wood and is provided on the outside of the waterproof sheet 20 via the outer surface of the furring strip 22. Due to the finishing material 24, the outer surface of the refractory wood member 10 has a wood texture or a wood grain appearance. The finishing material 24 is preferably a wood material such as wood or laminated wood, but a building finishing material such as a cloth material, a decorative material, a wood material impregnated or impregnated with a fireproofing agent, or wood may be used. The thickness of the finishing material 24 is preferably, for example, about 3 mm to 36 mm, but of course, it may be made thinner than this so that it hardly functions as a burning allowance.
胴縁２２に対する仕上げ材２４の取り付け方法は、例えば、ステープル、釘やねじなどの固定部材で胴縁２２に打ち付ける方法、ブチルゴムのような自己融着性を有する材料や木工用ボンド等の接着剤、両面テープなどを介して胴縁２２に接着する方法、これらを併用する方法などを挙げることができるが、本発明はこれらに限るものではない。 The method of attaching the finishing material 24 to the furring strip 22 is, for example, a method of striking the furring strip 22 with a fixing member such as staples, nails or screws, a self-bonding material such as butyl rubber, or an adhesive such as wood glue. , A method of adhering to the furring strip 22 via a double-sided tape or the like, a method of using these in combination, and the like, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
仕上げ材２４と防水シート２０との間には、胴縁２２の厚さに相当する空気層が部分的に形成される。この空気層により、通気性が高まり、また、湿気等も除去され、仕上げ材２４は良好な状態に長く保たれる。さらに、仕上げ材２４の交換が容易になるとともに、防水シート２０のメンテナンスも容易になる。こうした防水シート２０や耐火シート１８、強化石膏ボード１６、１４により、仕上げ材２４は、屋外に設ける場合に考慮する寸法安定性、防蟻性、防朽性（防腐性）、耐候性、溶脱防止性、止水性とともに、防炎性、難燃性、準不燃性、不燃性といった防火性等の性能を単独に、また組み合わせて持つ多様なものを使用することができる。 An air layer corresponding to the thickness of the furring strip 22 is partially formed between the finishing material 24 and the waterproof sheet 20. This air layer enhances air permeability and removes moisture and the like, so that the finishing material 24 is kept in a good state for a long time. Further, the finishing material 24 can be easily replaced, and the maintenance of the waterproof sheet 20 can be facilitated. With the waterproof sheet 20, the fireproof sheet 18, and the reinforced gypsum boards 16 and 14, the finishing material 24 has dimensional stability, anti-termite property, antiseptic property (antiseptic property), weather resistance, and leaching prevention to be considered when it is installed outdoors. In addition to property and water resistance, various substances having fireproof properties such as flameproof, flame retardant, semi-flammable, and nonflammable can be used individually or in combination.
上記の構成の動作および作用について説明する。
火災時の加熱によって耐火シート１８が発泡すると、図１（２）に示すように、胴縁２２の近傍の耐火シート１８は、胴縁２２の側縁に設けられた切り欠き部２６を埋めるようにして発泡し、胴縁２２の側縁近傍には耐火シート１８が充填される。このため、胴縁２２の近傍での耐火シート１８の発泡変形を抑圧する現象が発生せず、胴縁２２の近傍の耐火性能を向上することができる。したがって、耐火性能を向上した耐火木質部材１０を提供することができる。また、胴縁２２の近傍の断熱性を確保するために耐火シート１８を厚くすることなく、耐火木質部材１０の耐火性能を確保することができる。
The operation and operation of the above configuration will be described.
When the refractory sheet 18 foams due to heating during a fire, as shown in FIG. 1 (2), the refractory sheet 18 in the vicinity of the furring strip 22 fills the notch 26 provided on the side edge of the furring strip 22. The fireproof sheet 18 is filled in the vicinity of the side edge of the furring strip 22. Therefore, the phenomenon of suppressing the foam deformation of the fireproof sheet 18 in the vicinity of the furring strip 22 does not occur, and the fireproof performance in the vicinity of the furring strip 22 can be improved. Therefore, it is possible to provide the refractory wood member 10 having improved fire resistance performance. Further, the fire resistance performance of the refractory wood member 10 can be ensured without thickening the refractory sheet 18 in order to secure the heat insulating property in the vicinity of the furring strip 22.
（実施の形態２）
次に、本発明の実施の形態２について説明する。
図３（１）に示すように、本実施の形態２に係る耐火木質部材１００は、上記の実施の形態１において、胴縁２２に切り欠き部２６を設ける代わりに、胴縁２２を上層２２Ａと下層２２Ｂ（許容部）に分け、下層２２Ｂを加熱により消失する材料で構成したものである。
(Embodiment 2)
Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3 (1), the refractory wood member 100 according to the second embodiment has the furring strip 22 in the upper layer 22A instead of providing the notch 26 in the furring strip 22 in the first embodiment. And the lower layer 22B (allowable part), and the lower layer 22B is made of a material that disappears by heating.
上層２２Ａは、上記の実施の形態１の胴縁２２と同様の材料で構成することができる。下層２２Ｂは、加熱によって溶融したり、燃焼して消失する有機材で構成することができる。この有機質量は例えば８６０ｇ／ｍ２以下に設定することができる。胴縁２２の厚さは９ｍｍ以上であるが、１５ｍｍ以上が好ましく、幅は４０ｍｍ以上としてもよい。上層２２Ａと下層２２Ｂの高さの割合は同程度でもよいし、同程度でなくてもよい。 The upper layer 22A can be made of the same material as the furring strip 22 of the first embodiment described above. The lower layer 22B can be composed of an organic material that melts or burns and disappears by heating. This organic mass can be set to, for example, 860 g / m 2 or less. The thickness of the furring strip 22 is 9 mm or more, but it is preferably 15 mm or more, and the width may be 40 mm or more. The height ratio of the upper layer 22A and the lower layer 22B may or may not be the same.
上記の構成の動作および作用について説明する。
火災時の加熱によって耐火シート１８が発泡すると、図３（２）に示すように、胴縁２２の下層２２Ｂが加熱によって溶けたり、燃焼して消失する。消失した下層２２Ｂの部分に、発泡した耐火シート１８が代わって充填される。このため、胴縁２２の近傍での耐火シート１８の発泡変形を抑圧する現象が発生せず、胴縁２２の近傍の耐火性能を向上することができる。したがって、耐火性能を向上した耐火木質部材１００を提供することができる。また、胴縁２２の近傍の断熱性を確保するために耐火シート１８を厚くすることなく、耐火木質部材１００の耐火性能を確保することができる。
The operation and operation of the above configuration will be described.
When the refractory sheet 18 foams due to heating during a fire, the lower layer 22B of the furring strip 22 melts or burns and disappears due to heating, as shown in FIG. 3 (2). The disappeared lower layer 22B is filled with the foamed fireproof sheet 18 in its place. Therefore, the phenomenon of suppressing the foam deformation of the fireproof sheet 18 in the vicinity of the furring strip 22 does not occur, and the fireproof performance in the vicinity of the furring strip 22 can be improved. Therefore, it is possible to provide the refractory wood member 100 with improved fire resistance. Further, the fire resistance performance of the refractory wood member 100 can be ensured without thickening the refractory sheet 18 in order to secure the heat insulating property in the vicinity of the furring strip 22.
以上説明したように、本発明に係る耐火木質部材によれば、木質の芯材と、芯材の外側に設けられ、加熱により増厚変形して断熱性を発現する耐火被覆材と、耐火被覆材の外側に設けられた下地材とを備える耐火木質部材であって、下地材の耐火被覆材に近い側に設けられ、下地材の近傍における耐火被覆材の増厚変形を許容するための許容部をさらに備えるので、下地材の近傍での耐火被覆材の増厚変形を阻害しない。したがって、下地材の近傍の耐火性能を向上した耐火木質部材を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the fire-resistant wood member according to the present invention, the wood core material, the fire-resistant coating material provided on the outside of the core material, which is thickened and deformed by heating to exhibit heat insulating properties, and the fire-resistant coating. A refractory wood member provided with a base material provided on the outside of the material, which is provided on the side of the base material close to the fireproof coating material and is allowed to allow thick deformation of the fireproof coating material in the vicinity of the base material. Since the portion is further provided, the thickening deformation of the refractory coating material in the vicinity of the base material is not hindered. Therefore, it is possible to provide a refractory wood member having improved fire resistance in the vicinity of the base material.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材によれば、許容部は、下地材の少なくとも耐火被覆材に近い側の周縁部に設けられ、外側から内側に向けて切り欠いた部分であるので、加熱時の耐火被覆材は切り欠いた部分を補充しながら増厚変形する。このため、下地材の近傍の耐火性能を向上することができる。 Further, according to the other refractory wood member according to the present invention, the permissible portion is provided on the peripheral edge portion of the base material at least on the side close to the fireproof coating material, and is a portion cut out from the outside to the inside. The refractory coating material during heating is thickened and deformed while replenishing the notched portion. Therefore, the fire resistance performance in the vicinity of the base material can be improved.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材によれば、許容部は、下地材の少なくとも耐火被覆材に近い側に設けられ、加熱により消失する材料で構成された部分であるので、下地材の耐火被覆材に近い側は加熱時に消失し、耐火被覆材の増厚変形を阻害しなくなる。このため、下地材の近傍の耐火性能を向上することができる。 Further, according to the other refractory wood member according to the present invention, the permissible portion is a portion of the base material that is provided at least on the side close to the fireproof coating material and is made of a material that disappears by heating. The side close to the refractory coating material disappears during heating and does not hinder the thickening deformation of the refractory coating material. Therefore, the fire resistance performance in the vicinity of the base material can be improved.
また、本発明に係る他の耐火木質部材によれば、耐火被覆材の外側に設けられる防水材と、下地材の外側に設けられる仕上げ材とをさらに備え、下地材は防水材の外側に設けられるので、優れた耐火性能の耐火木質部材を提供することができる。 Further, according to another refractory wood member according to the present invention, a waterproof material provided on the outside of the fireproof coating material and a finishing material provided on the outside of the base material are further provided, and the base material is provided on the outside of the waterproof material. Therefore, it is possible to provide a refractory wood member having excellent fire resistance performance.
以上のように、本発明に係る耐火木質部材は、例えば耐火シートなどの発泡性の耐火被覆材と、胴縁などの下地材を備える耐火木質部材に有用であり、特に、下地材の近傍の耐火性能を向上するのに適している。 As described above, the refractory wood member according to the present invention is useful for a refractory wood member having a foamable fireproof coating material such as a fireproof sheet and a base material such as a furring strip, and is particularly useful in the vicinity of the base material. Suitable for improving fire resistance.
１０，１００ 耐火木質部材
１２ 芯材
１４，１６ 強化石膏ボード
１８ 耐火シート（耐火被覆材）
２０ 防水シート（防水材）
２２ 胴縁（下地材）
２２Ａ 上層
２２Ｂ 下層（許容部）
２４ 仕上げ材
２６ 切り欠き部（許容部）
10,100 Fireproof wood member 12 Core material 14,16 Reinforced gypsum board 18 Fireproof sheet (fireproof coating material)
20 Waterproof sheet (waterproof material)
22 Furnace (base material)
22A Upper layer 22B Lower layer (allowable part)
24 Finishing material 26 Notch (allowable part)
Claims (4)
下地材の耐火被覆材に近い側に設けられ、下地材の近傍における耐火被覆材の増厚変形を許容するための許容部をさらに備えることを特徴とする耐火木質部材。 It is a refractory wood member including a wood core material, a refractory coating material provided on the outside of the core material and thickened and deformed by heating to exhibit heat insulating properties, and a base material provided on the outside of the fireproof coating material. hand,
A refractory wood member provided on the side of the base material close to the fireproof coating material and further provided with an allowable portion for allowing thickening and deformation of the fireproof coating material in the vicinity of the base material.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011094350A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-05-12 | Kikusui Chemical Industries Co Ltd | Fire-proofing wall structure, and foamable fireproof sheet for use in the same |
| JP2012052325A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-15 | Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd | Wooden independent column |
| JP2018145654A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-20 | 大成建設株式会社 | Ligneous fireproof member |
| JP2019002144A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-01-10 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Fireproof main structure |
| JP2020147911A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | ケイミュー株式会社 | Exterior wall structure |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011094350A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-05-12 | Kikusui Chemical Industries Co Ltd | Fire-proofing wall structure, and foamable fireproof sheet for use in the same |
| JP2012052325A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-15 | Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd | Wooden independent column |
| JP2018145654A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-20 | 大成建設株式会社 | Ligneous fireproof member |
| JP2019002144A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-01-10 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Fireproof main structure |
| JP2020147911A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | ケイミュー株式会社 | Exterior wall structure |
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