JP7199956B2 - Fireproof laminated lumber - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to laminated refractory lumber.

Wood generally has many advantages. The main features include humidity control, impact safety, heat insulation, reduction of mental and physical disorders, relaxing effects of fragrance, and improvement of children's emotional stability. In addition, compared to existing members such as steel frames, it is effective in reducing _CO2 , and effective utilization is an urgent need. In particular, laminated lumber made from veneers made from thinned wood tends to have uniform structural performance and can be supplied in a relatively stable manner.

On the other hand, the biggest weakness of wood including laminated wood is that it will burn. For this reason, wooden members such as walls, floors, pillars, and beams of quasi-fireproof structure are designed with a burning allowance in mind.

Furthermore, fire-resistant structures that require fire resistance performance of one hour or more are required to stop burning, so the standards become even more stringent. For this reason, it is effective to increase the thickness of the member to suppress the temperature rise of the core material part not facing the fire, but the larger member increases the cost, weight, and room efficiency. It was in the direction of inducing a reduction in area. On the other hand, the applicant of the present application has already proposed a fire-resistant laminated lumber as shown in Patent Document 1, for example.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fire-resistant laminated lumber of Patent Document 1 includes a core 1 made of laminated lumber for supporting a load, and a second layer provided outside the core 1 and made of an inorganic material having endothermic and heat-insulating properties. 2 fire-stop layer 2, a sheet-like first fire-stop layer 3 provided outside the second fire-stop layer 2 and increased in thickness by heating to exhibit heat insulation, and outside the first fire-stop layer 3 and a finish 4 provided.

The fire-stopping layer is composed of two layers having different functions and materials of a first fire-stopping layer 3 and a second fire-stopping layer 2, and even if the layer thickness of these layers is thinner than the conventional one, the heat insulation in case of fire is achieved. can be ensured, for example, it is possible to ensure fire resistance performance of at least 1 hour or 2 hours. In addition, since the thickness of the entire flame stop layer can be reduced, the cross-sectional area of the entire member can be reduced in the fire-resistant member having a core material with the same cross-sectional area. Therefore, according to the fire-resistant laminated lumber of Patent Document 1, it is possible to achieve slimming down of the member while maintaining a predetermined fire-resistant performance.

Japanese Patent No. 6414670

The fireproof laminated timber described in Patent Document 1 is suitable as an indoor wooden member for columns and beams. Waterproof treatment is required on the outside. Therefore, the present inventor devised a structure of a fireproof laminated lumber for outdoor use by forming a waterproof layer inside the fireproof laminated lumber disclosed in Patent Document 1 above.

In general, when this fireproof laminated material is used for outdoor use, a structure as shown in FIG. 5 is conceivable. This structure comprises a core material 1, a second fire stop layer 2 provided outside the core material, a first fire stop layer 3, a base wood 5, and a waterproof layer 6 provided outside the wood 5. , and a decorative material 7 for finishing provided on the outside of the waterproof layer 6. - 特許庁The decorative material 7 is made of wood and is provided to give the outside of the waterproof layer 6 a wooden texture. The waterproof layer 6 consists of a waterproof sheet 6A provided on the outer side of the base wood 5. - 特許庁A wooden furring strip 8 is provided on the outer side of the waterproof sheet 6A, and a decorative material 7 for finishing is provided on the outer side of the furring strip 8.例文帳に追加An air layer 9 is partially formed between the waterproof sheet 6A and the decorative material 7 for finishing.

However, since the fireproof laminated lumber for outdoor use is provided with the lumber 5, there is a possibility that the material cost and the number of man-hours required for manufacturing will increase. For this reason, there has been a demand for a fireproof laminated lumber for outdoor use that can reduce costs and man-hours for manufacturing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire-resistant laminated lumber for outdoor use, which can reduce the cost and manufacturing man-hours.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the fire-resistant laminated lumber according to the present invention comprises a core member made of laminated lumber that supports a load, a fire-stopping layer provided outside the core, and a fire-stopping layer. and a finishing material provided on the outside of the waterproof layer.

Further, in another fireproof laminated material according to the present invention, in the above-described invention, the firestop layer is provided outside the core material, and is made of a second firestop layer made of an inorganic material having heat absorption and heat insulation properties. 2. It is characterized by having a sheet-like first flame-stopping layer which is provided outside the flame-stopping layer and increases in thickness by heating to exhibit heat insulating properties.

Further, according to another fireproof laminated lumber according to the present invention, in the invention described above, the waterproof layer is made of a waterproof sheet.

Further, another fireproof laminated lumber according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described invention, the finishing material is provided on the outer side of furring strips provided on the outer side of the waterproof layer.

According to the fire-resistant laminated lumber according to the present invention, a core made of laminated lumber that supports a load, a fire stop layer provided outside the core, a waterproof layer provided outside the fire stop layer, and a waterproof layer. and a finish provided on the outside. Here, what corresponds to the decorative material is only the finishing material provided on the outside of the waterproof layer. Therefore, according to the present invention, the cost and manufacturing man-hours can be reduced as compared with fire-resistant laminated lumber provided with double decorative materials.

Further, according to another fire-resistant laminated material according to the present invention, the fire stop layer is provided outside the core material and is made of a second fire stop layer made of an inorganic material having endothermic and heat insulating properties. Since it has a sheet-like first fire stop layer that is provided on the outside of the layer and increases in thickness by heating to exhibit heat insulation, it has a predetermined fire resistance and waterproof performance that prevents water from entering the first fire stop layer. , there is an effect that it is possible to provide a fire-resistant laminated lumber in which slimming of members is achieved.

In addition, according to another fireproof laminated lumber according to the present invention, since the waterproof layer is made of a waterproof sheet, it is possible to provide a fireproof laminated lumber having excellent waterproof performance and a slimmed-down member. It has the effect of

In addition, according to another fireproof laminated lumber according to the present invention, the finishing material is provided on the outer side of the furring strip provided on the outer side of the waterproof layer, so that it has better waterproof performance and the member can be slimmed down. There is an effect that it is possible to provide a refractory laminated lumber that has been hardened.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the fire-resistant laminated lumber according to the present invention, (1) in the case of a two-layer structure of the fire stop layer, and (2) in the case of a one-layer structure of the fire stop layer. is. FIG. 2 is a view showing a test piece for a fire resistance test and measurement positions of the surface temperature of a core material, (1) is a plan sectional view, and (2) is a side sectional view. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing changes over time in the core material surface temperature of each part. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional laminated fireproof lumber disclosed in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a fireproof laminated lumber for outdoor use.

An embodiment of the fire-resistant laminated lumber according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, taking as an example the case where the fire-stop layer has a two-layer structure of the second fire-stop layer and the first fire-stop layer. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited by this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1(1), the fireproof laminated material 10 according to the present embodiment includes a core material 12, a second fire stop layer 14, a first fire stop layer 16, a waterproof layer 18, and a finishing material. 20 and is used, for example, as an outdoor pillar.

The core material 12 is made of laminated wood (wood) that supports a load, and can be made of general laminated wood such as Japanese cedar and Japanese larch.

The second flame stop layer 14 is a fire-resistant coating layer, is provided outside the core material 12, and is made of an inorganic material having heat absorption and heat insulation properties. In the event of a fire, the second fire stop layer 14 prevents heat transfer to the outer first fire stop layer 16 and the adjacent inner core material 12, thereby preventing the core material 12 from carbonizing or burning. It has an effect of suppressing heat conduction to the core material 12 . As the inorganic material forming the second burn-stop layer 14, a board-like material such as a reinforced gypsum board, a gypsum board, and a silica board (calcium silicate board) can be used. Moreover, the thickness thereof can be appropriately adjusted depending on the application. When the thickness is increased, the effect of suppressing heat conduction is improved. These boards may be stacked to a given thickness. Here, materials such as reinforced gypsum board, gypsum board, and calcium silicate board (calcium silicate board) are available at extremely low cost and have high heat insulation and heat absorption properties, so they are suitable for the second burn-stop layer 14. is.

The method of attaching the second burn-stop layer 14 to the core material 12 includes, for example, a method of hitting the core material 12 with a fixing member such as a staple, a method of adhering via an adhesive or a double-sided tape, a method of using these together, and the like. However, the present invention is not limited to these.

The first fire-stopping layer 16 is a coating layer having fire resistance, is provided outside the second fire-stopping layer 14, and has a sheet-like shape that increases in thickness when heated to exhibit heat insulating properties. In the event of a fire, the first burn-stop layer 16 has a function of retarding the progress of combustion to the adjacent inner second burn-stop layer 14 due to its heat insulating properties, and prevents heat conduction to the second burn-stop layer 14. It exerts a suppressing action. As the first burn-stop layer 16, a material such as a fire-resistant sheet or a fire-resistant film can be used that foams when receiving heat to significantly increase its thickness and exhibit heat insulating properties. In addition, the thickness thereof can be appropriately adjusted according to the thickness of the second burn-stop layer 14. For example, it is preferably about 1 mm to 12 mm, more preferably about 1.5 mm to 6 mm. .

The method of attaching the first burn-stop layer 16 to the second burn-stop layer 14 includes, for example, a method of hitting the second burn-stop layer 14 with a fixing member such as a staple, a method of bonding via an adhesive, a double-sided tape, or the like. However, the present invention is not limited to these.

In this way, the fire stop layers 14 and 16 can be said to be coating layers having fire resistance, and the outer coating layer (corresponding to the first fire stop layer 16) prevents the progress of combustion to the inner coating layer. It has the function of delaying. In addition, the inner coating layer (corresponding to the second flame stop layer 14) has the function of preventing heat transfer to the core material 12 together with the outer coating layer, thereby preventing the core material 12 from being carbonized or burned. be.

The waterproof layer 18 is a waterproof coating layer provided outside the first flame stop layer 16, and is made of a waterproof sheet-like waterproof sheet 18A. This waterproof sheet 18A is provided in preparation for the case where the first fire stop layer 16 is weak against water and when it gets wet, it cannot exhibit the predetermined fire resistance performance. By preventing water from entering the first fire stop layer 16 inside the waterproof sheet 18A, as a result, the first fire stop layer 16 can exhibit a predetermined fire resistance performance. If the first burn-stop layer 16 is not flooded, neither the second burn-stop layer 14 nor the core material 12 inside thereof will be flooded.

The waterproof sheet 18A can be made of a known waterproof sheet such as asphalt felt or waterproof paper, but the present invention is not limited to this. Although the thickness of the waterproof sheet 18A is not particularly limited, it is desirable to be thin (for example, about 0.2 mm to 3 mm) in order to slim down the member. Moreover, the waterproof sheet 18A may be composed of a single-layer sheet, or may be composed by laminating a plurality of sheets.

The method of attaching the waterproof sheet 18A to the outside of the first fire stop layer 16 includes, for example, a method of hitting the first fire stop layer 16 with a fixing member such as a staple, a self-adhesive material such as butyl rubber, or a woodworking bond. and the like, a method of adhering via a double-sided tape or the like, a method of using these together, and the like, but the present invention is not limited to these.

The finishing material 20 is made of wood and is provided to impart a wooden texture to the outside of the waterproof layer 18.例文帳に追加Specifically, the finishing material 20 is provided on the outer surface of the waterproof sheet 18A forming the waterproof layer 18 (or the outer surface of the furring strip 22 fixed to the outer surface of the waterproof sheet 18A). Therefore, the outer surface 20A of the fire-resistant laminated lumber 10 exhibits a wooden texture or wood grain appearance due to the finishing material 20. As shown in FIG.

The finishing material 20 is desirably a wood material such as wood or laminated wood, but construction finishing material such as cloth material, decorative material, wood material impregnated or permeated with a fire retardant chemical, or wood may be used. The thickness of the finishing material 20 is preferably, for example, about 3 mm to 36 mm, but of course, it may be made thinner than this so that it hardly functions as a burning margin.

The furring strips 22 are made of wood having a predetermined thickness (for example, a thickness of 15 mm or more) and are provided at predetermined intervals along the outer surface of the waterproof sheet 18A. Note that the furring strip 22 may be omitted. If omitted, the finishing material 20 is placed on the outer surface of the waterproof sheet 18A. FIG. 1(1) shows the furring strips 22 provided along the corners of the waterproof sheet 18A in an L-shape in a cross-sectional view, but the furring strips are not limited to this. For example, vertical furring strips extending in a direction perpendicular to the cross section of FIG. 1(1) and horizontal furring strips extending in a direction along the cross section may be provided at predetermined intervals. It is not necessary to provide horizontal furrings in the middle in the height direction. The lateral furrings are preferably perforated for ventilation. When the finishing material 20 is provided on the outer side of the waterproof sheet 18A through such a furring strip, an air layer 24 corresponding to the thickness of the furring strip is partially formed between the waterproof sheet 18A and the finishing material 20. be.

The air layer 24 formed when furrings are provided increases breathability and removes moisture and the like, so that the finishing material 20 is kept in good condition for a long time. Furthermore, replacement of the finishing material 20 is facilitated, and maintenance of the waterproof sheet 18A is also facilitated. Due to the waterproof sheet 18A and the flame stop layers 16 and 14, the finishing material 20 has dimensional stability, termite resistance, decay resistance (corrosion resistance), weather resistance, leaching resistance, and water resistance, which are taken into account when installed outdoors. In addition, it is possible to use various materials having performances such as fire resistance such as flame resistance, flame retardancy, quasi-nonflammability, and nonflammability, either singly or in combination.

The method of attaching the furrings to the waterproof sheet 18A includes, for example, a method of penetrating the waterproof sheet 18A with a fixing member such as a staple or nail and striking it against the core material 12, a self-adhesive material such as butyl rubber, or a woodworking bond. A method of adhering to the waterproof sheet 18A via an adhesive such as a double-sided tape or the like, a method of using these together, etc., but the present invention is not limited to these. In the case of the horizontal furring strip and the vertical furring strip, the horizontal furring strip and the vertical furring strip may be connected with a connecting member such as a staple.

Further, the method of attaching the finishing material 20 to the furring strip includes, for example, a method of striking the furring strip with fixing members such as staples, nails and screws, a self-adhesive material such as butyl rubber, and an adhesive such as a wood bond. , a method of adhering to furring strips via a double-sided tape or the like, and a method of using these methods in combination, but the present invention is not limited to these.

Thus, according to the fireproof laminated lumber 10 of the present embodiment, only the finishing material 20 provided in a single layer on the outside of the waterproof layer 18 corresponds to the decorative material. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the cost and the number of man-hours for manufacturing as compared with the fire-resistant laminated lumber provided with the double facing material.

In addition, the fire-stopping layer consists of two layers, the second fire-stopping layer 14 and the first fire-stopping layer 16, having different functions and materials. Thermal insulation can be ensured, and for example, at least 1-hour fire resistance or 2-hour fire resistance performance can be ensured. In addition, since the thickness of the entire flame stop layer can be reduced, the cross-sectional area of the entire member can be reduced in the fire-resistant member having a core material with the same cross-sectional area. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a fire-resistant laminated lumber for outdoor use, which has predetermined fire-resistant performance and waterproof performance, and whose members are made slim.

Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the area of the wood portion occupied by the core material in the cross-sectional area of the fireproof laminated lumber can be increased. A lot of wood can be used for parts. Moreover, the fire-resistant laminated lumber of the present embodiment can be processed on-site, has good workability, and does not impair the texture of the wood. By using this fire-resistant laminated lumber, it is possible to increase the flexibility of the wooden frame structure. In addition, as the second burn-stop layer 14, a reinforced gypsum board, a gypsum board, a silicate board (calcium silicate board), etc., which can be procured at low cost, can be used, so that the manufacturing cost can be kept low. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the size of the members, and solve problems such as high cost, increased weight, reduction in the cross-sectional area of the structural members, and reduction in the effective area of the chamber.

In the above embodiment, the configuration of the fire-resistant laminated lumber is described assuming a column, but beams can also be planned in the same way. In addition, when pillars and beams made of fire-resistant laminated lumber are provided in a portion facing the outdoors, it is possible to combine the outdoor surface with this specification and the indoor surface with conventional indoor specifications. When this fireproof laminated lumber is used in contact with, for example, a reinforced concrete slab or a fire wall, i.e., when used as an outdoor beam or a column with a wall, the part in contact with the structural member, which is the floor slab or wall, will not burn. The stop layers 14, 16, waterproof layer 18 and finishing material 20 may be omitted.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the fire stop layer is composed of two layers, the first fire stop layer 14 and the second fire stop layer 16, is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. The stop layer may have a one-layer structure. Even in this way, it is possible to obtain the same effects as described above. In this case, the fire-resistant laminated material includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 18 with a finish 20 provided on the outside thereof.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the furring strip (furring strip 22) is provided between the waterproof layer 18 and the finishing material 20 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. It may be a structure in which furring strips are omitted. Even in this way, it is possible to obtain the same effects as described above.

[Verification of fire resistance performance]
Next, as an example, verification by experiment of the fire resistance performance of the fire resistant laminated lumber according to the present invention will be described.

In this verification, a standard heating test was performed using a full-scale test piece of the column, and the fire resistance performance for one hour was confirmed. The test piece is placed in a furnace and heated, the heating is stopped 60 minutes after the start of heating, and then left for 3 hours or more, and the surface temperature of the core material is lowered until it is confirmed that the surface temperature of the core material has reached its peak. Time change was measured.

FIG. 2 shows a full-scale specimen used in the test and the measurement positions of the core material surface temperature. As shown in this figure, the test specimen corresponds to the embodiment of the present invention, and includes a core material 12, a second fire stop layer 14, a first fire stop layer 16, a waterproof layer 18, a finishing material 20, a body It has a rim 22 .

Laminated cedar wood was used for the core material 12, and two reinforced gypsum boards (thickness 15 mm here) bonded together were used for the second fire stop layer 14. FIG. A foamed fireproof sheet (thickness 2 mm here) was used for the first burn-stop layer 16 . As the waterproof layer 18 (waterproof sheet 18A), two pieces of asphalt felt 430 (thickness 0.6 mm) joined together were used. The horizontal furring strip 22A and the vertical furring strip 22B were made of Japanese cedar lumber (thickness: 15 mm, width: 45 mm). Cedar lumber (thickness: 15 mm) was used as the finishing material 20 . The outer surface 20A of the finishing material 20 was coated with a urethane resin-based paint.

A staple was used as the connecting member 26 for the horizontal furring strip 22A and the vertical furring strip 22B. A staple was used as the fastening material 28 for the waterproof sheet 18A. A staple was used as the fastening material 30 for the dressing. A vinyl acetate resin-based adhesive was used as the adhesive 32 for fastening the covering material. A vinyl acetate resin-based adhesive was used as the fastening adhesive 34 for the horizontal furring strips 22A and the vertical furring strips 22B. A floor nail was used as a fastening material 36 for the horizontal furring strip 22A. A vinyl acetate resin-based adhesive was used as the fastening adhesive 38 for the finishing material 20 . A staple was used as the fastening material 40 for the finishing material 20 .

The measurement position of the core material surface temperature was the position indicated by the symbol TC (number). A thermocouple was installed at this position and the measurement was performed.

FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of the core material surface temperature of each part. Figure 3 (1) is the upper corner of the specimen, (2) is the upper side (without horizontal furrings), (3) is the middle corner, (4) is the middle side (from the top of the horizontal furrings) 30 mm above), (5) is the lower corner, and (6) is the lower side (horizontal furring). As shown in FIGS. 3(5) and 3(6), the maximum temperature of the surface of the core material was approximately 174° C. at the corners and approximately 136° C. at the side portions. No discoloration or carbonization was observed in the core material 12 after the test.

Therefore, it can be seen that the fireproof laminated lumber of this example can ensure fireproof performance for at least one hour. In addition, since the thickness of the entire fire stop layers 14 and 16 can be reduced, the cross-sectional area of the entire member can be reduced in the fire-resistant member having the core material 12 with the same cross-sectional area. The fireproof laminated lumber of this embodiment also has a waterproof layer 18 . Therefore, according to the fire-resistant laminated material of the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve slimming down of the member while maintaining predetermined fire-resistant performance and waterproof performance. Also, in the fire-resistant laminated lumber of this embodiment, only the finishing material 20 provided on the outer side of the waterproof layer 18 corresponds to the decorative lumber, so compared to the fire-resistant laminated lumber provided with the lumber 5 as shown in FIG. Cost and manufacturing man-hours can be reduced.

As described above, according to the fire-resistant laminated lumber according to the present invention, there is provided a core made of laminated lumber that supports a load, a fire stop layer provided outside the core, and a waterproof layer provided outside the fire stop layer. and a finish provided on the outside of the waterproof layer. Here, what corresponds to the decorative material is only the finishing material provided on the outside of the waterproof layer. Therefore, according to the present invention, the cost and manufacturing man-hours can be reduced as compared with fire-resistant laminated lumber having double decorative materials.

Further, according to another fire-resistant laminated material according to the present invention, the fire stop layer is provided outside the core material and is made of a second fire stop layer made of an inorganic material having endothermic and heat insulating properties. Since it has a sheet-like first fire stop layer that is provided on the outside of the layer and increases in thickness by heating to exhibit heat insulation, it has a predetermined fire resistance and waterproof performance that prevents water from entering the first fire stop layer. , it is possible to provide a fire-resistant laminated lumber in which slimming of members is achieved.

In addition, according to another fireproof laminated lumber according to the present invention, since the waterproof layer is made of a waterproof sheet, it is possible to provide a fireproof laminated lumber having excellent waterproof performance and a slimmed-down member. .

In addition, according to another fireproof laminated lumber according to the present invention, the finishing material is provided on the outer side of the furring strip provided on the outer side of the waterproof layer, so that it has better waterproof performance and the member can be slimmed down. refractory laminated lumber.

As described above, the fireproof laminated timber according to the present invention is an outdoor fireproof timber comprising a core made of laminated timber for supporting a load, a flame stop layer provided outside the core, and a waterproof layer. It is useful for laminated lumber, and is particularly suitable for reducing costs and manufacturing man-hours.

10 fireproof laminated lumber 12 core material 14 second fire stop layer (fire stop layer)
15 fire stop layer 16 first fire stop layer (burn stop layer)
18 waterproof layer 18A waterproof sheet 20 finishing material 20A outer surface 22 furring strip 24 air layer

Claims (3)

A core material made of laminated wood that supports a load;
a flame stop layer provided outside the core material;
a waterproof layer provided outside the flame stop layer;
A vertical furring strip and a horizontal furring strip provided at predetermined intervals along the outer surface of the waterproof layer;
A finishing material provided on the outside of the waterproof layer via the vertical furring strip and the horizontal furring strip ,
The vertical and horizontal furrings are made of wood, and the horizontal furrings are perforated for ventilation.
A fireproof laminated lumber characterized by partially forming an air layer corresponding to the thickness of a vertical furring strip and a horizontal furring strip between a waterproof layer and a finishing material. The fire stop layer is provided outside the core material and is made of an inorganic material having endothermic and heat insulating properties. 2. The fireproof laminated lumber according to claim 1, further comprising a sheet-like first flame stop layer that expresses 3. The fireproof laminated lumber according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof layer comprises a waterproof sheet.

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